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Laurelite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About LaureliteHide

Formula:
Pb7F12Cl2
Colour:
Colourless
Lustre:
Silky
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
7.65
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named in 1989 by A.R. Kampf, P.J. Dunn, and E.E. Foord for Laurel Canyon that includes the type locality.
This page provides mineralogical data about Laurelite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2342
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2342:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
a9f4b905-79e2-4849-948a-bc3d44e9c9a6

IMA Classification of LaureliteHide

Classification of LaureliteHide

3.DC.20

3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
9.2.10.1

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
2 : AX2
8.8.3

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
8 : Halides of Pb

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
LrlIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of LaureliteHide

Silky
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless
Streak:
White
Hardness:
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
{0001} imperfect
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
7.65(5) g/cm3 (Measured)    7.77 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Calculated from formula and structure in Merlino et al. (1996)

Optical Data of LaureliteHide

Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.903 nε = 1.946
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.043
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High

Chemistry of LaureliteHide

Mindat Formula:
Pb7F12Cl2

Crystallography of LaureliteHide

Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6 - Trigonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P6
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.267(1) Å, c = 3.9844(4) Å
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.388
Unit Cell V:
363.73 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
Felted aggregates of acicular prisms. Prismatic parallel to [001] with basal {001} terminations.
Twinning:
Twinned by rotation around [001]

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0001838LaureliteMerlino S, Pasero M, Perchiazzi N, Kampf A R (1996) Laurelite: Its crystal structure and relationship to alpha-PbF2 American Mineralogist 81 1277-128119960293
0018359LaureliteMerlino S, Pasero M, Perchiazzi N, Kampf A R (1996) Laurelite: Its crystal structure and relationship to alpha-PbF2 it was twinned, and the partially occupied sites were relicts. American Mineralogist 81 1277-128119960293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.33 Å(100)
1.934 Å(60)
3.125 Å(40)
2.949 Å(40)
1.709 Å(40)
1.282 Å(40)
2.090 Å(35)
Comments:
Grand Reef mine, Arizona, USA. Data from the type description.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals]

Type Occurrence of LaureliteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Needles up to 10x0.05 mm, but most needles are much thinner and are typically grouped in parallel bundles. Also in loose jackstraw-fashion.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, Los Angeles, California, USA, 33608.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 166057.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Epithermal lead-copper-silver deposit, hosted by a silicified breccia.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Kampf, A.R., Dunn, P.J., Foord, E.E. (1989) Grandreefite, pseudograndreefite, laurelite, and aravaipaite: Four new minerals from the Grandreef mine, Graham Co., AZ. American Mineralogist: 74: 927-933.

Synonyms of LaureliteHide

Other Language Names for LaureliteHide

German:Laurelit
Spanish:Laurelita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
6 photos of Laurelite associated with GalenaPbS
6 photos of Laurelite associated with FluoriteCaF2
4 photos of Laurelite associated with QuartzSiO2
2 photos of Laurelite associated with AnglesitePbSO4

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

3.DC.Lucabindiite(K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br)Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mmm
3.DC.TorrecillasiteNa(As,Sb)3+4O6ClOrth.
3.DC.GajardoiteKCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2 · 5H2OHex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mmm
3.DC.Cuatrocapaite-(NH₄)(NH4)3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2OTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
3.DC.Cuatrocapaite-(K)K3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2OTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
3.DC.NapoliitePb2OFClTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mcm
3.DC.05LaurionitePbCl(OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
3.DC.05ParalaurionitePbCl(OH)Mon. 2/m : B2/m
3.DC.05Russoite(NH4)ClAs2O3(H2O)0.5Hex. 6 2 2 : P6 2 2
3.DC.05Mauriziodiniite(NH4)(As2O3)2IHex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mmm
3.DC.10FiedleritePb3FCl4(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m
3.DC.15PenfielditePb2Cl3(OH)Hex. 6 : P6
3.DC.15TelluroperitePb3TeO4Cl2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
3.DC.25BismocliteBiOClTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm
3.DC.25MatlockitePbFClTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm
3.DC.25RorisiteCaFClTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm
3.DC.25Zavaritskite(BiO)FTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm
3.DC.25ZhangpeishaniteBaFClTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm
3.DC.30NadoritePbSbClO2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
3.DC.30PeritePbBiClO2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
3.DC.40ThorikositePb3Cl2(OH)(SbO3,AsO3)Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.DC.45MereheaditePb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2Mon. m
3.DC.50BlixitePb8O5(OH)2Cl4Orth.
3.DC.52RumseyitePb2OClF Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.DC.55PinalitePb3WO5Cl2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
3.DC.55Vladkrivovichevite[Pb32O18][Pb4Mn2O]Cl14(BO3)8 · 2H2O Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn
3.DC.57YeomanitePb2O(OH)ClOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.DC.60LorettoitePb7O6Cl2Orth.
3.DC.60SymesitePb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2OTric. 1 : P1
3.DC.62Sarawakite (of Frenzel)Sb, O, Cl (?)
3.DC.65EcdemitePb6Cl4(As2O7)Mon. 2 : P21
3.DC.70MendipitePb3Cl2O2Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
3.DC.75DamaraitePb3Cl(OH)O2Orth. mm2 : Pmc21
3.DC.80OnoratoiteSb8Cl2O11Tric. 1 : P1
3.DC.95BarstowitePb4Cl6(CO3) · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m

Fluorescence of LaureliteHide

Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Decomposes rapidly in cold 1:1 HCl and dissolves very slowly in cold water.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for LaureliteHide

References for LaureliteHide

Localities for LaureliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Oberwolfach
Stoya et al. (02/2021)
Greece
 
  • Attica
    • East Attica
      • Lavreotiki
        • Lavrion mining district
          • Legrena Valley
            • Megala Pefka Mines
Lapis et al. (1999)
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Cuneo Province
      • Valdieri
        • San Lorenzo
Parola et al. (2023)
  • Veneto
    • Vicenza Province
      • Torrebelvicino
        • Mercanti Valley
Zordan et al. (2011)
Zordan et al. (2011)
Bortolozzi (n.d.)
USA (TL)
 
  • Arizona
    • Graham County
      • Aravaipa Mining District
        • Klondyke
          • Grand Reef Mountain
            • Laurel Canyon
Min.Rec.: 27: 297. +2 other references
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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