Parapierrotite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Parapierrotite
Formula:
TlSb5S8
Some Sb may be replaced by As (note that pierrotite has a much higher As content).
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
5.07
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named for close relation to pierrotite, which was named after Roland Pierrot (1930-1998).
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Prismatic crystals, also laths and grains.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3105
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3105:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
5db6ad20-f016-45ee-b475-593c26043789
IMA Classification of Parapierrotite
Approved
Classification of Parapierrotite
2.HC.05f
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
C : With only Pb
3.8.14.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
8 : 1 < ø < 2
3 : SULFOSALTS
8 : 1 < ø < 2
5.5.18
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
5 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Tl
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
5 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Tl
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Ppie | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Parapierrotite
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=76 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Good basal cleavage (or parting?), and possible poorer cleavage in other directions (see: http://www.mindat.org/photo-340631.html and other photos). The original description incorrectly says that no cleavage was observed.
Good basal cleavage (or parting?), and possible poorer cleavage in other directions (see: http://www.mindat.org/photo-340631.html and other photos). The original description incorrectly says that no cleavage was observed.
Density:
5.07 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.04 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Parapierrotite
Anisotropism:
Distinct, brownish gray to bluish gray.
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 33.1% | 35.1% |
420nm | 33.1% | 34.4% |
440nm | 33.1% | 33.7% |
460nm | 32.1% | 33.1% |
480nm | 31.6% | 32.6% |
500nm | 31.0% | 32.3% |
520nm | 30.5% | 31.9% |
540nm | 30.0% | 31.5% |
560nm | 29.5% | 31.1% |
580nm | 28.9% | 30.6% |
600nm | 28.4% | 30.2% |
620nm | 28.0% | 29.8% |
640nm | 27.6% | 29.5% |
660nm | 27.2% | 29.0% |
680nm | 26.1% | 28.5% |
700nm | 26.4% | 28.4% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 35.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White with a creamy tint.
Internal Reflections:
Rare red-purple internal reflections.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Weak in air, grayish white to brownish gray in oil.
Chemistry of Parapierrotite
Mindat Formula:
TlSb5S8
Some Sb may be replaced by As (note that pierrotite has a much higher As content).
Some Sb may be replaced by As (note that pierrotite has a much higher As content).
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Parapierrotite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.098(5) Å, b = 19.415(12) Å, c = 9.059(6) Å
β = 91.96(8)°
β = 91.96(8)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.417 : 1 : 0.467
Unit Cell V:
1,423.45 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic crystals to 3 mm
Twinning:
None observed.
Comment:
Space group Pn. (Originally assumed to have P21/n.)
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0010823 | Parapierrotite | Engel P (1980) Die kristallstruktur von synthetischem parapierrotit, TlSb5S8 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 151 203-216 | 1980 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
4.15 Å | (90) |
3.93 Å | (60) |
3.70 Å | (90) |
3.60 Å | (70) |
3.49 Å | (100) |
2.91 Å | (90) |
2.83 Å | (100) |
2.36 Å | (90) |
Comments:
ICDD 29-1330
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Parapierrotite
General Appearance of Type Material:
As terminated prismatic crystals, to 1 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National School of Mines, Paris, France.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Hydrothermal deposits.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
John, Z., Picot, P., Hak, J., Kvaček, M. (1975): La parapierrotite, un nouveau minéral thallifère d'Allchar (Yougoslavie). Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 22, 200-210.
Synonyms of Parapierrotite
Other Language Names for Parapierrotite
Relationship of Parapierrotite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Argentobaumhauerite | Ag1.5Pb22As33.5S72 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Argentodufrénoysite | Ag3Pb26As35S80 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Argentoliveingite | Ag3+xPb36-2xAs51+xS112 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Barikaite | Ag3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Bernarlottiite | Pb6(As5Sb3)S18 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Boscardinite | TlPb4(Sb7As2)S18 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Carducciite | (Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Dekatriasartorite | TlPb58As97S204 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Dufrénoysite | Pb2As2S5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Écrinsite | AgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Enneasartorite | Tl6Pb32As70S140 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Guettardite | Pb8(Sb0.56As0.44)16S32 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Hendekasartorite | Tl2Pb48As82S172 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Heptasartorite | Tl7Pb22As55S108 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Hyršlite | Pb8As10Sb6S32 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Incomsartorite | Tl6Pb144As246S516 | Mon. 2/m |
Interliveingite | AgPb18As25S56 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Liveingite | Pb9As13S28 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Philrothite | TlAs3S5 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Pierrotite | Tl2(Sb,As)10S16 | Orth. mm2 : Pna21 |
Polloneite | AgPb46As26Sb23S120 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Rathite | Ag2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Sartorite | PbAs2S4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 | Mon. 2/m |
Veenite | Pb16Sb9-xAs7+xS40, x ~ 0-0.5 | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
33 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Chert | |
13 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Weissbergite | TlSbS2 |
9 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Kermesite | Sb2S2O |
8 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Realgar | As4S4 |
7 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Arseniosiderite | Ca2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
7 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 |
6 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Avicennite | Tl2O3 |
6 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
6 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Stibiconite | Sb3+Sb5+2O6(OH) |
5 photos of Parapierrotite associated with Hematite | Fe2O3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.HC. | Bernarlottiite | Pb6(As5Sb3)S18 |
2.HC.05b | Argentobaumhauerite | Ag1.5Pb22As33.5S72 |
2.HC.05b | Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 |
2.HC.05d | Dufrénoysite | Pb2As2S5 |
2.HC.05a | Guettardite | Pb8(Sb0.56As0.44)16S32 |
2.HC.05c | Liveingite | Pb9As13S28 |
2.HC.05f | Pierrotite | Tl2(Sb,As)10S16 |
2.HC.05d | Rathite | Ag2Pb12-xTlx/2As18+x/2S40 |
2.HC.05a | Sartorite | PbAs2S4 |
2.HC.05a | Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 |
2.HC.05d | Veenite | Pb16Sb9-xAs7+xS40, x ~ 0-0.5 |
2.HC.05g | Marumoite | Pb32As40S92 |
2.HC.05d | Rathite-IV | PbAs2S4 |
2.HC.05f | Philrothite | TlAs3S5 |
2.HC.05h | Polloneite | AgPb46As26Sb23S120 |
2.HC.05e | Heptasartorite | Tl7Pb22As55S108 |
2.HC.05e | Hendekasartorite | Tl2Pb48As82S172 |
2.HC.05e | Écrinsite | AgTl3Pb4As11Sb9S36 |
2.HC.05b | Baumhauerite II | |
2.HC.05c | Argentoliveingite | Ag3+xPb36-2xAs51+xS112 |
2.HC.05e | Incomsartorite | Tl6Pb144As246S516 |
2.HC.05d | Argentodufrénoysite | Ag3Pb26As35S80 |
2.HC.05a | Hyršlite | Pb8As10Sb6S32 |
2.HC.05e | Dekatriasartorite | TlPb58As97S204 |
2.HC.10a | Fülöppite | Pb3Sb8S15 |
2.HC.10c | Heteromorphite | Pb7Sb8S19 |
2.HC.10b | Plagionite | Pb5Sb8S17 |
2.HC.10d | Rayite | Pb8(Ag,Tl)2Sb8S21 |
2.HC.10d | Semseyite | Pb9Sb8S21 |
2.HC.15 | Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
2.HC.15 | Falkmanite | Pb3Sb2S6 |
2.HC.20 | Robinsonite | Pb4Sb6S13 |
2.HC.25 | Moëloite | Pb6Sb6S14(S3) |
2.HC.30 | Dadsonite | Pb23Sb25S60Cl |
2.HC.35 | Owyheeite | Ag3Pb10Sb11S28 |
2.HC.35 | Zoubekite | AgPb4Sb4S10 |
2.HC.40 | Parasterryite | Ag4Pb20Sb14As10S58 |
2.HC.50 | Lopatkaite | Pb5Sb3AsS11 |
Fluorescence of Parapierrotite
Not fluorescent
Other Information
Health Risks:
Contains thallium - always wash hands after handling. Avoid inhaling dust when handling or breaking. Never lick or ingest.
Internet Links for Parapierrotite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3105.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Parapierrotite
Reference List:
Fleischer, Michael, Cabri, Louis J. (1976) New Mineral names. American Mineralogist, 61 (5-6) 502-504
Biagioni, Cristian, Moëlo, Yves, Perchiazzi, Natale, Demitri, Nicola, Zaccarini, Federica (2019) Parapierrotite from the Monte Arsiccio mine (Apuan Alps, Tuscany, Italy): occurrence and new data on its crystal-chemistry. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (5) 1055-1065 doi:10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2865
Localities for Parapierrotite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Canada | |
| Harris et al. (1988) |
Sabina (1991) | |
Harris et al. (1988) | |
M. Bonnemaison | |
France | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Biagioni et al. (2017) |
Kosovo | |
| Mederski et al. (2022) |
North Macedonia (TL) | |
| John et al. (1975) +3 other references |
Färber (n.d.) | |
Russia | |
| Kasatkin et al. (2022) |
| Stepanov +9 other references |
Switzerland | |
| fglb.clubdesk.ch (2013) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| King (2014, October) |
| - (2005) |
Quick NavTopAbout ParapierrotiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Crven Dol, Allchar, Ržanovo, Kavadarci Municipality, North Macedonia