Wupatkiite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Wupatkiite
Formula:
(Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Colour:
Light pink, pink-red
Lustre:
Silky
Hardness:
1½ - 2
Specific Gravity:
1.92
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
For the prehistoric Wupatki pueblo dwelling near the locality.
This page provides mineralogical data about Wupatkiite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
7372
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7372:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
917e4a7c-526f-4272-b60c-e8bbb66f5b84
IMA Classification of Wupatkiite
Approved
IMA Formula:
CoAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Approval year:
1994
First published:
1995
Classification of Wupatkiite
7.CB.85
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
29.7.3.7
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
7 : AB2(XO4)4·H2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
7 : AB2(XO4)4·H2O
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Wup | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Wupatkiite
Silky
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Light pink, pink-red
Streak:
White
Hardness:
1½ - 2 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
One at 70° to fiber length.
One at 70° to fiber length.
Density:
1.92 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.87 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Wupatkiite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 1.477 nγ = 1.484
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.007
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Optical Extinction:
Maximum extinction angle ∧ Z is 12°.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
very pale pink parallel to fiber bundles
Chemistry of Wupatkiite
Mindat Formula:
(Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Crystallography of Wupatkiite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.819(4) Å, b = 24.234(10) Å, c = 21.204(10) Å
β = 100.33(5)°
β = 100.33(5)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.281 : 1 : 0.875
Unit Cell V:
3,447.20 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
4.790 Å | (100) |
3.494 Å | (92) |
3.768 Å | (33) |
4.295 Å | (27) |
3.945 Å | (26) |
6.03 Å | (22) |
4.106 Å | (22) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Wupatkiite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Cross-fiber veinlets with fibers up to 8 mm long.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National School of Mines, Paris, France.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Post-mine mineral occurring as encrustations on the walls of a shallow open cut.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Williams, S.A., Cesbron, F.P. (1995) Wupatkiite from the Cameron Uranium District, Arizona, a new member of the halotrichite group. Mineralogical Magazine: 59: 553-556.
Synonyms of Wupatkiite
Other Language Names for Wupatkiite
German:Wupatkiit
Spanish:Wupatkiita
Relationship of Wupatkiite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Bílinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Dietrichite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2 : P2 |
Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Redingtonite | (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Wupatkiite associated with Ilsemannite | Mo3O8 · nH2O |
1 photo of Wupatkiite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
1 photo of Wupatkiite associated with Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
1 photo of Wupatkiite associated with Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.CB. | Sarvodaite | Al2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
7.CB.02 | Voudourisite | CdSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Dwornikite | Ni(SO4) · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Gunningite | ZnSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Szmikite | MnSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Szomolnokite | FeSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.07 | Sanderite | MgSO4 · 2H2O |
7.CB.10 | Bonattite | CuSO4 · 3H2O |
7.CB.12 | Belogubite | CuZn(SO4)2 · 10H2O |
7.CB.15 | Aplowite | (Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Boyleite | (Zn,Mg)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Ilesite | (Mn,Zn,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Drobecite | CdSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Cranswickite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.20 | Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Jôkokuite | MnSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Siderotil | FeSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.25 | Bianchite | Zn(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Chvaleticeite | Mn(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Ferrohexahydrite | FeSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Hexahydrite | MgSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Moorhouseite | Co(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Nickelhexahydrite | Ni(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.30 | Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.35 | Bieberite | CoSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Boothite | CuSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Mallardite | MnSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
7.CB.35 | Zincmelanterite | (Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Alpersite | (Mg,Cu)(SO4) · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.45 | Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
7.CB.45 | Meta-alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 12H2O |
7.CB.50 | Aluminocoquimbite | Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.50 | Lazaridisite | 3CdSO4 · 8H2O |
7.CB.52 | Pararaisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Paracoquimbite | Fe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Rhomboclase | (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
7.CB.55 | Raisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
7.CB.57 | Caichengyunite | Fe2+3Al2(SO4)6 · 30H2O |
7.CB.60 | Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O |
7.CB.65 | Quenstedtite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O |
7.CB.70 | Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
7.CB.75 | Lishizhenite | ZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
7.CB.75 | Römerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
7.CB.80 | Ransomite | CuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.85 | Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Bílinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Dietrichite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Redingtonite | (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.90 | Meridianiite | MgSO4 · 11H2O |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
Melts readily, producing a bright pink syrupy liquid. After all water has been driven off, a dense blue slag is produced.
Notes:
Soluble in water.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Wupatkiite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-7372.html
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References for Wupatkiite
Localities for Wupatkiite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Vic Cloete collection +4 other references |
Costa Rica | |
| Ulloa et al. (2018) |
Cyprus | |
| Ng +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| E. Shcherbakova et al. : "The rarest ... |
Slovakia | |
| |
USA (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (1995) |
Grant et al. (2005) | |
| Richard Dale Collection |
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Lorena Gold Mine, Cloncurry, Cloncurry Shire, Queensland, Australia