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Dawsonite

This page kindly sponsored by Donald Doell
Big Photo

Francon quarry, Montréal, Québec, Canada
© O. Dziallas

Show Dawsonite Photos (145)



Formula:
NaAlCO
 
3
(OH)
 
2
System:OrthorhombicColour:Colourless to white; ...
Hardness:3
Name:
After Canadian John William Dawson (1820-1899), Principal of McGill University and geologist.


A low-temperature hydrothermal mineral.

Classification of Dawsonite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:5/C.02-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:5.BB.10

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
B : With alkalies, etc.
Dana 8th edition ID:16a.3.8.1

16a : ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : (AB)2(XO3)Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:11.7.3

11 : Carbonates
7 : Carbonates of Al
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Type Occurrence of Dawsonite

Type Locality:McGill University campus, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Place of Conservation of Type Material:McGill University Montreal RMF2381A
Year of Discovery:1874
Geological Setting of type material:Feldspathic dike cutting Trenton limestone.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
WadPyriteGalenaDolomiteCalcite

Occurrences of Dawsonite

Geological Setting:Nepheline syenites, authigenic in alkaline shales and coal bearing rocks, saline soils on nepheline tuffs.

Physical Properties of Dawsonite

Lustre:Vitreous, Silky
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Colourless to white; rarely pink; colourless in transmitted light
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):3
Cleavage:Perfect
On {110}
Density (measured):2.436 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.431 g/cm3

Crystallography of Dawsonite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Imma {I2/m 2/m 2/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 6.759Å, b = 10.425Å, c = 5.585Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.648 : 1 : 0.536
Unit Cell Volume:V 393.53 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Bladed to acicular crystals forming incrustations and rosettes; tufts of fine needles. Crystals elongated [001], to 3.5cm.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Dawsonite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.466 nβ = 1.542 nγ = 1.596
2V:Measured: 77° , Calculated: 76°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.130

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:relatively weak r < v

Chemical Properties of Dawsonite

Formula:
NaAlCO
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Essential elements:Al, C, H, Na, O
All elements listed in formula:Al, C, H, Na, O

Relationship of Dawsonite to other Species

Common Associates:
QuartzPyriteFluoriteDolomiteCalcite
Baryte
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
5.BB.05Barentsite
Na
 
7
Al(HCO
 
3
)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
F
 
4
5.BB.15Tunisite
NaCa
 
2
Al
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
8
Cl
5.BB.20Sabinaite
Na
 
4
Zr
 
2
TiO
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
11.7.1Scarbroite
Al
 
5
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
13
 · 5H
 
2
O
11.7.2Hydroscarbroite
Al
 
14
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH)
 
36
 · nH
 
2
O
11.7.4Hydrotalcite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(OH)
 
16
[CO
 
3
] · 4H
 
2
O
11.7.5Hydrotalcite-2H
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
11.7.6Indigirite
Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 15H
 
2
O
11.7.7Alumohydrocalcite
CaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
11.7.8Para-alumohydrocalcite
CaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
11.7.9Tunisite
NaCa
 
2
Al
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
8
Cl
11.7.10Wermlandite
Mg
 
7
Al
 
2
(OH)
 
18
[Ca(H
 
2
O)
 
6
][SO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
11.7.11Montroyalite
Sr
 
4
Al
 
8
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH,F)
 
26
 · 10-11H
 
2
O
11.7.12Dresserite
BaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
11.7.13Hydrodresserite
BaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
11.7.14Strontiodresserite
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · H
 
2
O

Other Names for Dawsonite

Other Languages:
Catalan:Dawsonita
Dutch:Dawsoniet
German:Dawsonit
Italian:Dawsonite
Japanese:ドーソン石
Russian:Давсонит
Simplified Chinese:丝钠铝石
Spanish:Dawsonita
Varieties:
Chromian Dawsonite

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in acids with effervescence.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Dawsonite

Reference List:

- +
HARRINGTON, B.J. (1874): Notes on dawsonite, a new carbonate. The Canadian Naturalist and Quarterly Journal of Science VII, 305-309.
HARRINGTON, B.J. (1878): Note on the composition of dawsonite. The Canadian Naturalist, New series X 84-86.
GRAHAM, R.P.D. (1908): Dawsonite: a carbonate of soda and alumina. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Section IV, 165-177.
FRUEH, A.J. & GOLIGHTLY, J.P. (1967): The crystal structure of dawsonite NaAl(CO3)(OH)2. Canadian Mineralogist 8, 51 56.
CORAZZA, E., SABELLI, C. & VANNUCCI, S. (1977): Dawsonite: new mineralogical data and structure refinement. Neues Jahrbuch Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 381-397.

Internet Links for Dawsonite

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    • Localities for Dawsonite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Albania
     
    • Shkodër County (Shkodra County)
      • Drin valley
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 277.; V. Ferrini, L. Martarelli, C. De Vito, A. Cina and T. Deda (2003) The Koman dawsonite and realgar-orpiment deposit, northern Albania; inferences on processes of formation. The Canadian Mineralogist(April 2003), 41, Part 2:413-427
    Algeria
     
    • Chlef Province
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 277.
    Argentina
     
    • Chubut
      • Paso de Indios Department
        • Los Altares
    		Zalba, P.E., Conconi, M.S., Morosi, M., Manassero, M. & Comerio, M. (2011): Dawsonite in tuffs and litharenites of the Cerro Castaño Member, Cerro Barcino Formation, Chubut group (Cenomanian), Los Altares, Patagonia, Argentina. Canadian Mineralogist. 49. 503-520
    Australia
     
    AmMin 60:285-291 (1975)
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Fürstenfeld
        • Loipersdorf
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Judenburg
        • Fohnsdorf
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Belgium
     
    • Luxembourg Province
      • Stavelot Massif
        • Vielsalm
          • Grand Halleux
    Bolivia
     
    • Cochabamba Department
      • Ayopaya Province
    		Alfredo Petrov collection; Laszlo Horvath collection
    Canada
     
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Newfoundland
    		Econ Geol (1985) 80:1297-1327
    • Ontario
      • Hastings Co.
        • Dungannon Township
    		Sabina (1986) Geol. Survey of Canada, Misc. Report 39, 11-14.
    • Québec
      • Montérégie
        • Lajemmerais RCM
          • Varennes & St-Amable
            • Saint-Amable sill
    		Horváth, L., Pfenninger-Horváth, E., Gault, R. A., & Tarassoff, P. (1998): Mineralogy of the Saint-Amable Sill, Varennes and Saint-Amable, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 29: 83-118.
        • Longueuil TE
          • Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville
            • Mont Saint Bruno
    		Mandarino & Harris (1965) New Canadian mineral occurrences. Canadian Mineralogist, 8, 377-381. ; Can Mineral August 1978 v. 16 no. 3 p. 471-474
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359.; J. S. Stevenson and L. S. Stevenson (1977) Dawsonite-fluorite relationships at Montreal-area localities. The Canadian Mineralogist 15:117-120
      • Montréal
    		Dolan (1923)
    JAMBOR, J.L., PLANT, A.G., and STEACY, H.R. (1976) A dawsonite-bearing silicocarbonatite sill from Montreal Island, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada Paper, 76-1B, 357-362. TARASSOFF, P., HORVÁTH, L. and PFENNINGER-HORVÁTH, E. (2006) Famous mineral localities: the Francon quarry, Montréal, Québec. The Mineralogical Record, 37, 5-60.; J. S. Stevenson and L. S. Stevenson (1977) Dawsonite-fluorite relationships at Montreal-area localities. The Canadian Mineralogist 15:117-120
    Canadian Museum of Nature collection
    HARRINGTON, B.J. (1874 & 1978); Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 277.; Stevenson, John S., The Petrology of Dawsonite at the Type Locality, Montreal, The Canadian Mineralogist, 1964
    Sabina (1983) GSC Misc. Rep. 32, 57
    J. S. Stevenson and L. S. Stevenson (1977) Dawsonite-fluorite relationships at Montreal-area localities. The Canadian Mineralogist 15:117-120
    • Saskatchewan
    		D. M. Egan (1986) The Occurrence of Scarbroite at Muskiki Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada. Mineralogical Magazine 50:180
    China
     
    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
      • Hulunbuir League (Hulunbei'er Prefecture)
        • New Barag Left Banner (Xin Barag Zuoqi)
          • Bei'er lake depression
    		Yuqiao Gao and Li Liu (2007): Geological Review 72(1), 104-111
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Songyuan Prefecture
        • Qian Gorlos Co. (Qianguo'erluosi Co.)
    		Yuqiao Gao, Li Liu, Xiyu Qu, and Na Liu (2008): Journal of Palaeogeography 10(2), 111-123
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kladno
    		Žáček, V., Frýda, J., Ondruš, P., Opluštil, S.: Polymetalická mineralizace v proterozoiku v podloží karbonské pánve na dole Slaný. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 123-126.
    Hungary
     
    • Heves Co.
      • Mátra Mts.
        • Recsk
    		Baksa, C.; Bognar, L.; Lovas, G. (1975): Occurrence of dawsonite at Recsk, Matra Mountains, northwest Hungary. Acta Geologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 19(3-4), 281-6.
    Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    Italy
     
    Di Domenico D.,Vinci F. (2011) Dawsonite di Canale Monterano,Manziana,Roma.Micro,numero 2,volume 2011.
      • Rome Province
        • Bracciano Lake
          • Manziana
            • Canale Monterano
    		Di Domenico, D., Vinci, F. (2011): Dawsonite di Canale Monterano, Manziana, Roma. Micro 02/2011, 54-57.
        • Tolfa Mts District
    		luigi mattei
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Bolzano Province (South Tyrol)
        • Adige Valley (Etsch Valley)
          • Terlano (Terlan)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Amiata Mt.
    		AGMT (Associazione Geomineralogica Toscana) - 2008
    AGMT (Associazione Geomineralogica Toscana) - 2008
        • Manciano
          • San Martino sul Fiora
    		Meli, R. (2000): L'antica miniera antimonifera di S. Martino sul Fiora, Mancianese (Grosseto). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 2/2000, 111-113.
      • Livorno Province
        • Livorno
          • Valle Benedetta
    		Malesani P. Vannucci S. - Su una nuova varieta di dawsonite ritrovata nella Valle Benedetta (Livorno). Periodico di Mineralogia - Vol. 43 - pp. 655-662.
        • Rosignano Marittimo
    		Chollet Pascal
      • Massa-Carrara Province
        • Apuan Alps
    		Orlandi P., Franzini M., 1994. I minerali del marmo di Carrara. Amilcare Pizzi S.p.A., Milano. ; Orlandi, P. & Criscuolo, A. (2009). Minerali del marmo delle Alpi Apuane. Pacini editore, Pisa, 180 pp.
    Orlandi P., Franzini M., 1994. I minerali del marmo di Carrara. Amilcare Pizzi S.p.A., Milano.
    Orlandi P., Franzini M., 1994. I minerali del marmo di Carrara. Amilcare Pizzi S.p.A., Milano.
          • Massa
    		Orlandi, P. & Criscuolo, A. (2009). Minerali del marmo delle Alpi Apuane. Pacini editore, Pisa, 180 pp
      • Pisa Province
        • Lajatico
    		Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005
    No reference listed
        • Amiata Mt.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 277.
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza Province
        • Recoaro Terme
    		Boscardin M., Daleffe A., Rocchetti I., Zordan A. “I minerali nel Vicentino”, Museo “G. Zannato”, Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), 2011.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Gunma Prefecture
          • Fujioka
    		American Mineralogist (1986): 71, 1022-1027.
      • Kinki region
        • Mie Prefecture
          • Taki-cho
    		Alfredo Petrov specimens
    Alfredo Petrov specimens
        • Osaka Prefecture
          • Sennan City
    		Alfredo Petrov specimen
    Mauritania
     
    • Adrar Region
    		Guillaumen Matton (2008) Le Complexe Crétacé Du Rlchat (Mauritanie); Un Processus Alcalin Péri-Atlantiqu. PhD Thesis University of Montreal.
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Aquiles Serdán
        • Santa Eulalia District
          • East Camp
    		Megaw, P.K.M., 1990b, Geology and geochemistry of the Santa Eulalia mining district, Chihuahua, Mexico.: Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Arizona, 549 p
    New Zealand
     
    • North Island
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
    Russia
     
    • Northern Caucasus Region
      • Karachaevo-Cherkesskaya (Karachai-Cherkess; Karachay-Cherkessia) Republic
    		Zvezdinskaya L.V., Shtanov V.I. (1995) Composition of dawsonite and its thermal decomposition process, - DAN, 344(6), p.798-800 (in Rus.).
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
    		Pekov, I.V. & Podlesnyi, A.S. (2004): Kukisvumchorr Deposit: Mineralogy of Alkaline Pegmatites and Hydrotermalites. Mineralogical Almanac, vol. 7, 140 pages + xxiv photo's pages
              • Kirovskii apatite mine (Kirovsky Mine; Kirovskii Mine; Kirov Mine)
    		Pekov, I. et al (2003): New Data on Minerals: 38: 20-33.
    P.M. Kartashov data
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Banská Bystrica Co.
    		Pauliš,P.,Ďuďa,R.,2002: Nejzajímavejší mineralogická nalezište Slovenska. Kuttna,K.Hora, 136p
    • Prešov Region
      • Bardejov Co.
    		Bačo,P.,Pacindová,M., 1993: Whewellit a dawsonit - epigenetická mineralizácia v puklinách pieskovca pri Cígeľke. Min.Slovaca,Bratislava, 4,277-281p
      • Prešov Co.
        • Červenica
          • Dubník
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    Duda et. all.,1981:Minerály severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovca,Monografia 2,Bratislava, 98 p
      • Svidník Co.
    		Ďuďa,R., Bajo,I., 1983: Dawsonity v pieskovcoch zlínskych vrstiev při Beňadikovciach. Zbor.Východoslov. múzea, Prír.vedy XXIII, 35 – 40
    Pauliš,P.,Ďuďa,R.,2002: Nejzajímavejší mineralogická naletište Slovenska. Kuttna,K.Hora, 136p
      • Vranov nad Topľou Co.
    		Ďuďa,R., Kaličiaková,E., 1987: Mineralogicko – paragenetické pomery Hg ložiska Merník. Min.Slovaca, 19,5,423 – 442
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Brig
        • Simplon pass area
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 132.
    Tanzania
     
    • Arusha Region
      • Ngorongoro Conservation Area
    		Hay, Richard Le Roy (1964), Phillipsite of saline lakes and soils American Mineralogist: 49: 1366-87
    USA
     
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
    		Bailey, Gilbert E. (1902), The saline deposits of California: California Mining Bureau Bulletin 24: 102; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 167.
      • Sierra Co.
        • Forest District (Alleghany; Chips Flats; Minnesota)
          • Alleghany
    		Ferguson, Henry G. & R.W. Gannett (1932), Gold quartz veins of the Alleghany district, California: USGS PP 172: 45; Coveney, R.M. & W.C. Kelly (1971), Dawsonite as a daughter mineral in hydrothermal fluid inclusions: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 32: 334-342, 335; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 198.; Raymond M. Coveney Gold quartz veins and auriferous granite at the Oriental Mine, Alleghany District, California Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists (December 1981), 76(8):2176-2199; J. S. Stevenson and L. S. Stevenson (1977) Dawsonite-fluorite relationships at Montreal-area localities. The Canadian Mineralogist 15:117-120
      • Stanislaus Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Orestimba District
            • Rooster Comb
    		[var: Chromian Dawsonite] Dunning, G. E. (2000): Chromian dawsonite and chromian alumohydrocalcite from Orestimba Creek, Stanislaus County, California. Mineralogical Record 31, 333-338.
    • Colorado
      • Boulder Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Freeland
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Georgetown District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Garfield Co.
        • Piceance Basin
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Jefferson Co.
        • South Platte Pegmatite District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Rio Blanco Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
        • Piceance Basin
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Piceance Creek Basin
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Ouray District (Uncompahgre District)
          • Telluride
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Fourmile
    		American Mineralogist (2003): 88: 1055.
    • Utah
      • Duchesne Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Uintah Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
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