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Gallite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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04152300017060573208996.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
03244810017055199968047.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
08242900014951446988195.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
05579010017059628562387.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
03244810017055199968047.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
08242900014951446988195.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
04152300017060573208996.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
04335800017055199986321.jpg
Gallite, etc.

Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
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About GalliteHide

Formula:
CuGaS2
Colour:
Grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Specific Gravity:
4.2
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
For the gallium content.
Chalcopyrite Group.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1644
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1644:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
90b649b1-23b2-4772-9037-d3c70540b239

IMA Classification of GalliteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1958

Classification of GalliteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
2.CB.10a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
2.9.1.3

2 : SULFIDES
9 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.5.18

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
5 : Sulphides etc. of Hg and Tl

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
GalIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
GalThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of GalliteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Grey
Streak:
Greyish black
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Density:
4.2 g/cm3 (Measured)    4.35 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of GalliteHide

Anisotropism:
low
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR
400nm20.7%
420nm19.9%
440nm19.4%
460nm18.8%
480nm18.5%
500nm18.1%
520nm17.9%
540nm17.7%
560nm17.5%
580nm17.4%
600nm17.2%
620nm17.1%
640nm17.0%
660nm16.9%
680nm16.8%
700nm16.6%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 20.7%.
Internal Reflections:
None observed

Chemistry of GalliteHide

Mindat Formula:
CuGaS2
Elements listed:
Cu, Ga, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Pb,Zn,Fe,Ge

Crystallography of GalliteHide

Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4 2m - Scalenohedral
Space Group:
I4 2d
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.360 Å, c = 10.49 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.957
Unit Cell V:
301.37 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Massive, inclusions, exsolved lamellae to 2mm.
Twinning:
Parallel to {112}, {111}

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0013004GalliteAbrahams S C, Bernstein J L (1973) Piezoelectric nonlinear optic CuGaS2 and CuInS2 crystal structure: Sublattice distortion in AIBIIIC2VI and AIIBIVC2V type chalcopyrites Journal of Chemical Physics 59 5415-54201973Synthetic sample0293
0015449GalliteBrandt G, Rauber A, Schneider J (1973) ESR and X-ray analysis of the ternary semiconductors CuAlS2, CuInS2, and AgGaS2 Solid State Communications 12 481-4831973Synthetic sample0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Epitaxial Relationships of GalliteHide

Epitaxial Minerals:
SphaleriteZnS
Epitaxy Comments:
Gallite exsolves as lamellae || {100} and {111} of sphalerite, and in turn shows exsolution of sphalerite on {001} of gallite.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.07 Å(100)
1.876 Å(90)
1.610 Å(90)
1.089 Å(90)
1.894 Å(60)
1.215 Å(60)
1.076 Å(60)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33)
15 : Black/white smoker minerals and other seafloor hydrothermal minerals
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Geological Setting:
Base metal deposits with high gallium content.

Type Occurrence of GalliteHide

Co-Type Localities:
ⓘ Kipushi Mine, Kipushi, Kipushi Territory, Haut-Katanga, DR Congo
ⓘ Tsumeb Mine (Ongopolo Mine), Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia
General Appearance of Type Material:
Massive, as included grains and exsolution lamellae in other sulfides.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Berlin Technical University, Berlin, Germany, 86/67, 87/564, 396.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
GermaniteRenieriteSphaleriteGalenaTennantite Subgroup

Other Language Names for GalliteHide

German:Gallit
Russian:Галлит
Simplified Chinese:硫镓铜矿
Spanish:Gallita
Traditional Chinese:硫鎵銅礦

Relationship of Gallite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Chalcopyrite Group
Other Members of this group:
ChalcopyriteCuFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
EskeborniteCuFeSe2Tet. 4 2m : P4 2c
LaforêtiteAgInS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
LenaiteAgFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
RoquesiteCuInS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
ShenzhuangiteNiFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulpide)Cu2MnSnS4

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
24 photos of Gallite associated with Renierite(Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16
24 photos of Gallite associated with GermaniteCu13Fe2Ge2S16
20 photos of Gallite associated with SphaleriteZnS
7 photos of Gallite associated with Ovamboite Cu20(Fe,Cu,Zn)6W2Ge6S32
7 photos of Gallite associated with ChalcociteCu2S
7 photos of Gallite associated with Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
5 photos of Gallite associated with GalenaPbS
4 photos of Gallite associated with Tennantite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)As4S12S
4 photos of Gallite associated with TsumgalliteGaO(OH)
4 photos of Gallite associated with PyriteFeS2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.CB.AgmantiniteAg2MnSnS4Orth.
2.CB.RichardsiteZn2CuGaS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.GachingiteAu(Te1-xSex)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.TolstykhiteAu3S4Te6Tric. 1 : P1
2.CB.HanswilkeiteKFeS2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.CB.AuroselenideAuSeMon. 2/m : B2/m
2.CB.Ruizhongite(Ag2◻)Pb3Ge2S8Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d
2.CB.OkruginiteCu2SnSe3Mon. m : Bb
2.CB.05aColoradoiteHgTeIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aHawleyiteCdSIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aMetacinnabarHgSIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05cPolhemusite(Zn,Hg)STet.
2.CB.05bSakuraiite(Cu,Zn,Fe)3(In,Sn)S4 Iso.
2.CB.05aSphaleriteZnSIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aStilleiteZnSeIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aTiemanniteHgSeIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05UM1998-15-S:CuFeZnCu2Fe3Zn5S10
2.CB.05aRudashevskyite(Fe,Zn)SIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.05aIshiharaite(Cu,Ga,Fe,In,Zn)SIso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.07aShenzhuangiteNiFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.07aUnnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulpide)Cu2MnSnS4
2.CB.10aChalcopyriteCuFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10aEskeborniteCuFeSe2Tet. 4 2m : P4 2c
2.CB.10bHaycockiteCu4Fe5S8Orth. 2 2 2
2.CB.10aLenaiteAgFeS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10bMooihoekiteCu9Fe9S16Tet. 4 2m : P4 2m
2.CB.10bPutoraniteCu1.1Fe1.2S2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pn3m
2.CB.10aRoquesiteCuInS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10bTalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.CB.10aLaforêtiteAgInS2Tet. 4 2m : I4 2d
2.CB.10aUnnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide)CuZn2InS4
2.CB.10aUM1984-30-S:CuFeSnCu2Fe2Sn3S7
2.CB.10cOmariniiteCu8Fe2ZnGe2S12Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2
2.CB.15aČernýiteCu2(Cd,Zn,Fe)SnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.15aFerrokësteriteCu2FeSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15aHocartiteAg2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.15aIdaiteCu5FeS6Hex.
2.CB.15aKësteriteCu2ZnSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15aKuramiteCu3SnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.15bMohiteCu2SnS3Mon.
2.CB.15aPirquitasiteAg2ZnSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15aStanniteCu2FeSnS4Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m
2.CB.15cStannoiditeCu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2
2.CB.15aVelikiteCu2HgSnS4Tet. 4 : I4
2.CB.15cUM2006-11-S:CuFeGeZnCu8(Fe,Zn)3Ge2S12 (?)
2.CB.17a vArsenic-bearing RenieriteCu11GeAsFe4S16
2.CB.20ChatkaliteCu6FeSn2S8Tet. 4 2m : P4m2
2.CB.20MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8Tet. 4 2m : P4m2
2.CB.30Argyropyritenear Ag2Fe7S11
2.CB.30ColusiteCu13VAs3S16Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.30GermaniteCu13Fe2Ge2S16Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.30GermanocolusiteCu26V2(Ge,As)6S32Iso. 4 3m : P4 3m
2.CB.30NekrasoviteCu26V2(Sn,As,Sb)6S32Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.30StibiocolusiteCu13V(Sb,Sn,As)3S16Iso. 4 3m : P4 3m
2.CB.30Ovamboite Cu20(Fe,Cu,Zn)6W2Ge6S32Iso. 4 3m : P4 3n
2.CB.30MaikainiteCu20(Fe,Cu)6Mo2Ge6S32Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
2.CB.30FrieseiteAg2Fe5S8 (?)
2.CB.35aHemusiteCu6SnMoS8Iso.
2.CB.35aKiddcreekiteCu6SnWS8Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.CB.35aPolkovicite(Fe,Pb)3(Ge,Fe)1-xS4Iso.
2.CB.35aRenierite(Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16Tet. 4 2m : P4 2c
2.CB.35aVincienniteCu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16Tet.
2.CB.35aMorozeviczite(Pb,Fe)3Ge1-xS4Iso.
2.CB.35bCatamarcaiteCu6GeWS8Hex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.40LautiteCuAsSOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.CB.42LingbaoiteAgTe3Trig. 3m : R3m
2.CB.45CadmoseliteCdSeHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45GreenockiteCdSHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)SHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45RambergiteMnSHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45Buseckite(Fe,Zn,Mn)SHex. 6mm : P63mc
2.CB.45MaletoyvayamiteAu3Se4Te6Tric. 1 : P1
2.CB.47MurchisiteCr5S6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c
2.CB.50ZincselenideZnSe
2.CB.50WassoniteTiSTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
2.CB.52DzhezkazganiteReMoCu2PbS6 ?Trig. 3m : R3m
2.CB.55aCubaniteCuFe2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.55bIsocubaniteCuFe2S3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
2.CB.60PicotpauliteTlFe2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.CB.60RaguiniteTlFeS2Orth.
2.CB.65ArgentopyriteAgFe2S3Mon. 2/m
2.CB.65SternbergiteAgFe2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.70SulvaniteCu3VS4Iso. 4 3m : P4 3m
2.CB.75VulcaniteCuTeOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.80EmpressiteAgTeOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.CB.85MuthmanniteAuAgTe2Mon. 2/m : P2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for GalliteHide

References for GalliteHide

Localities for GalliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Atlantic Ocean
 
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
Gablina et al. (2018) +1 other reference
    • Rainbow Massif
Bortnikov et al. (2001)
Bulgaria
 
  • Pazardzhik Province
    • Panagyurishte Municipality
      • Levski
Pavel Kartashov (Mindat message www.mindat.org/mesg-7-84159.html) +3 other references
      • Popintsi
Cook et al. (2002)
  • Sofia Province
    • Chelopech Municipality
American Mineralogist (1966) +1 other reference
Cuba
 
Mineralogical Society of America - ...
DR Congo (TL)
 
  • Haut-Katanga
    • Kipushi Territory
      • Kipushi
Strunz et al. (1958) +4 other references
India
 
  • Jammu and Kashmir
    • Reasi district
Srivastava et al. (2015)
Namibia (TL)
 
  • Oshikoto Region
    • Tsumeb
Strunz et al. (1958)
Romania
 
  • Harghita County
Hirtopanu (2006)
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