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Hypersthene

Big Photo

Parker mine, Notre-Dame-du-Laus, Antoine-Labelle RCM, Laurentides, Québec, Canada
© 2005 - MMI

Show Hypersthene Photos (5)
Formula:
(Fe,Mg)SiO
 
3
Colour:Greyish whiteHardness:5½ - 6


Unnecessary name for member of Enstatite-Ferrosilite series; name discredited by the CNMMN Pyroxene Subcommittee (1988).
Regarded as a synonym of Enstatite or Ferrosilite, but commonly regarded as a mid-way member between the two. Most "Hypersthene" is Ferroan-Enstatite. Also Kalsilite

Classification of Hypersthene

IMA status:Discredited
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-1995.html
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Physical Properties of Hypersthene

Lustre:Vitreous, Silky
Colour:Greyish white
Streak:Greyish white greenish
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6

Optical Data of Hypersthene

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.669 - 1.755 nβ = 1.674 - 1.763 nγ = 1.680 - 1.773
2V:Measured: 70° to 90°, Calculated: 86°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.011 - 0.018

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:weak

Chemical Properties of Hypersthene

Formula:
(Fe,Mg)SiO
 
3
Essential elements:Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Fe, Mg, O, Si

Other Names for Hypersthene

Synonyms:
Ferroan-EnstatiteFicinite (of Kenngott)GermariteHyperiteLabrador Hornblende
Szaboite
Other Languages:
German:Germarit
Hyperit
Szaboit
Spanish:Germarita
Hyperita
Szaboita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hypersthene

Reference List:Klaproth, M.H. (1810): Chemische Untersuchung des Hypersthens, Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, Fünfter Band, Rottmann Berlin, 37-40

Mineralogical Magazine 52 (1988), 535.

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    Localities for Hypersthene

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
    • Western Australia
      • Dundas Shire
        • Norseman
    		Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 17, 1979, pp. 635-638.
      • Yilgarn Shire
    		Econ Geol (1986) 81:1196-1202
    Austria
     
    • Lower Austria
      • Dunkelsteinerwald
        • Meidling im Tal
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1991, 3, pp. 323-342.
    • Styria
      • Leoben
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Bolivia
     
    • Oruro Department
      • Carangas Province
    		Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz)
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • Espírito Santo
        • Santa Teresa
    		Revista Brasileira de Geociências 30(1):030-034.
      • Minas Gerais
    		Chris D. Parkinson et al. , " Ultrahigh-pressure pyrope-kyanite granulites and associated eclogites in Neoproterozoic nappes of southeast Brazil", 2001, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, http://akmotoki.tripod.com/2001/Waseda/Cdp.html
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Yale Mining Division
    		American Mineralogist (1930) 15: 1-22
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Labrador
        • Voisey´s Bay
    		Chusi Li, Naldrett, A.J., and Ripley, E.M. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 85-92.
    Tectonophysics 347:167–177 (2002)
    • Québec
      • Laurentides
        • Antoine-Labelle RCM
          • Notre-Dame-du-Laus
    		Van Velthuizen, J. V. (1993): The Parker Mine, Notre Dame du Laus (Québec). Mineralogical Record, 24(5): 369-373.
    China
     
    • Gansu (Ganzu) Province
      • Jinchang Prefecture
        • Jinchuan District
    		Chusi Li, Zhanghua Xu, de Waal, S.A., Ripley, E.M., and Maier, W.D. (2004): Mineralium Deposita 39, 159-172.
    • Guangdong Province
      • Zhaoqing Prefecture
        • Gaoyao Co.
    		Yongzhang Zhou (1992): PhD Thesis, University of Chicoutimi (Québec), Canada.
    • Hebei Province
      • Chengde Prefecture
        • Chengde Co.
          • Damiao village
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
        • Luanping Co.
          • Hongqi
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
      • Tangshan Prefecture
        • Qian'an Co.
          • Qian'an Mine
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Jilin Prefecture
        • Huadian Co.
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Anshan Prefecture
        • Anshan City
          • Qianshan District
    • Shandong Province
      • Jiaodong Gold Province
        • Yantai Prefecture
          • Laiyang Co.
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Bayin'gholin (Bayingolin; Bayinguoleng) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Ruoqiang (Qakilik; Chaqiliq) Co.
    		Huai-Kun Li, Song-Nian Lu, Zhen-Qun Xiang, Hong-Ying Zhou, Hu Guo, Biao Song, Jian-Kang Zheng, and Ying Gu (2006): Earth Science Frontiers [Dixue Qianyuan] 13(6), 311-321.
          • Yinggelisayi area
    		Zhang Anda, Liu Liang, Sun Yong, Chen Danling, Wang Yan, and Luo Jinhai (2004): Chinese Science Bulletin 49(23), 2527-2532.
      • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Prefecture
        • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Co.
          • Baishiquan ore district
    		Feng-Mai Chai, Zhao-Chong Zhang, Jing-Wen Mao, Lian-Hui Dong, Zuo-Heng Zhang, Hui-Shou Ye, Hua Wu, and Xin-Hua Mo (2006): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica [Yanshikuangwuxue Zazhi] 25(1), 1-12.; Fengmai Chai, Zhaochong Zhang, Jingwen Mao, Lianhui Dong, Zuoheng Zhang, and Hua Wu (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences (in press).
      • Yili Hasake (Ili Kazakh) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Aletai (Altay) Prefecture
          • Fuyun Co.
            • Kuwei river valley
    		Zhaochong Zhang, Kusky, T., Jingwen Mao, Li Zhao, Shenghao Yan, Bailin Chen, Gang Zhou, and Fengmei Chai (2008): Journal of Geology 116(2).
    • Yunnan Province
      • Dehong Autonomous Prefecture
        • Lianghe Co.
          • Tengchong-Lianghe metallogenic belt
    		Yunnan Geology 11(1), 9-14 (1992)
      • Honghe Autonomous Prefecture
        • Jinping Co.
    		Wang, C., Zhou, M.-F., and Keays, R. (2006): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 152(3), 309-321.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Jihlava (Iglau)
          • Stonařov (Stannern)
    		von Engelhardt, W. (1963): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 9, 65-94.
    El Salvador
     
    • Sonsonate Department
    		www.geo.mtu.edu/volcanoes/central_america/el_salvador/izalco/petro.html a
    Finland
     
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
      • Kauhajärvi
    		Kärkkäinen, N., and Appelqvist, H. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 754-769.
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Cantal
        • Aurillac
    		R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J.J. Périchaud : "Inventaire Minéralogique du Cantal", BRGM and Editions G. de Bussac, 1971
        • Cantal Mts
          • Puy Mary area
    		R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J.J. Périchaud : "Inventaire Minéralogique du Cantal", BRGM and Editions G. de Bussac, 1971
    • Brittany
      • Côtes-d'Armor
        • Saint-Brieuc
          • Saint-Quay-Portrieux
    • Franche-Comté
      • Haute-Saône
        • Château-Lambert
    		F. André and J. Béhien, Bull. Minéral. , France, 1983, 106, pp. 341-351.
    F. André and J. Béhien, Bull. Minéral. , France, 1983, 106, pp. 341-351.
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Gard
        • Trèves
          • Mas Aubert
    		R.C. Maury and P. Picot : "Conditions d'Apparition du Fer Natif dans une Enclave de Schistes Graphiteux d'une Basanite des Cévennes", Bulletin de Minéralogie, 1979, Vol. 102, N° 4, 326-332
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
        • Perpignan
          • Saint-Paul de Fenouillet
            • Agly Massif
    		P. Andrieux, Bull. Minéral, 1982, 105, pp. 253-266, France.
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Aveyron
        • Pont-de-Salars
    		G. Trolliard et al. , Bull. Minéral; , 1987, 110, pp. 439-448.
    French West Indies
     
    • Guadeloupe
      • Basse-Terre
    		Ch. Lefèvre and Ph. Cocusse, Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 189-208.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Maroldsweisach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Zwiesel
            • Bodenmais
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Hesse
      • North Hesse
        • Eschwege
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Harzburg
    		No reference listed
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Münsterland
        • Velen
    		http://www.arn-meteorites.com/MET_R.HTM
      • Sauerland
        • Arnsberg
          • Hüsten
    		D. Pawlowski: "Mineralfundstellen im Sauerland", Weise (Munich), 1991
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Kelberg
          • Müllenbach
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
        • Laach lake volcanic complex
          • Mendig
            • Niedermendig
    		Rath, G. v., Ein neues Mineral von Laach, Amblystegit, Ann. Phys. Chem. 138, 529 ff, 1869
    Rath, G. v., Ein neues Mineral von Laach, Amblystegit (Hypersthen), Ann. Phys. Chem. 138, 529 ff, 1869
              • Wingertsberg Mt.
    		Rath, G. v., Ein neues Mineral von Laach, Amblystegit, Ann. Phys. Chem. 138, 529 ff, 1869
          • Wassenach
    		in the collection of Christof Schäfer
        • Mendig
          • Bell
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Niedermendig
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
        • Niederzissen
          • Burgbrohl
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Glees
    		Brauns, R., Die Mineralien der Niederrheinischen Vulkangebiete, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1922
          • Wassenach
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Maniitsoq (Sukkertoppen)
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 635-645
      • Nuuk (Godthåb)
    		Petersen, O. V. & Secher, K. (1993): The Minerals of Greenland. Mineralogical Record 24 (2): 1-67
    Iceland
     
    • Myvatn
    		Economic Geology (1984): 79: 671-695.
    India
     
    • Andhra Pradesh
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 635-645
    • Tamil Nadu
      • Madurai District
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 635-645
    Italy
     
    • Sicily
      • Catania Province
        • Etna Volcanic Complex
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Fassa Valley
          • Monzoni Mts
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
      • Hidaka Province
        • Biratori
    		H. Okada (1964) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 23-38.
      • Iburi Province
      • Tokachi Province
        • Ashoro-cho (Asyoro-tyo)
    		Suzuki, J. et al (1957) Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Ser. 4, 9, 501-518.
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Tottori Prefecture
    		Amer.Min.(1959) 44, 633-650
      • Kanto Region
        • Gunma Prefecture
          • Akagi volcano
    		Koga, S. (1982) Geoscience Magazine, 33, 47-54.
        • Kanagawa Prefecture
          • Yugawara
    		Alfredo Petrov collection
    • Kyushu Island
      • Kagoshima Prefecture
        • Osumi Peninsula
    		American Mineralogist (1956): 41: 104-116.
    • Nansei Archipelago
      • Kagoshima Prefecture
    		Alfredo Petrov specimen
      • Okinawa Prefecture
    		Tiba, T. & Saito, Y. (1974); Mem. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, 7:25-30
    • Tokyo Prefecture
      • Izu archipelago
    Madagascar
     
    • Tuléar (Toliara) Province
      • Southwestern Region
        • Betioky District
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Mexico
     
    • Hidalgo
      • Mun. de Zimapán
        • Zimapán
    		Panczner(1987): 93-396.
    New Zealand
     
    • Mayor Island (Tuhua)
    		NZJGG, 2003, 46: 581-590. NZJGG, 1991, 34: 337-340. NZJGG, 1981, 24: 449-467
    NZJGG, 2003, 46: 581-590. NZJGG, 1991, 34: 337-340. NZJGG, 1981, 24: 449-467
    NZJGG, 2003, 46: 581-590. NZJGG, 1991, 34: 337-340. NZJGG, 1981, 24: 449-467
    • North Island
      • Waikato
        • Waihi
    		Simpson, Mauk, & Simmons, 2001, Hydrothermal Alteration and Hydrologic Evolution of the Golden Cross Epithermal Au-Ag Deposit, Economic Geology 96, pp773-796
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Risør
        • Søndeled
    		Breivik, H. (2001): Mineralene i Ravneberget pukkverk, Søndeled. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18: 31-36
    • Finnmark
      • Hasvik
    		Bøe, P. (2001): Geologi og mineralogi på Sørøya i Finnmark. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 23-29
    • Rogaland
      • Eigersund
        • Kjervall
    		Andresen, P. (1990): Fra Steinrøysa. STEIN 17 (4),36
    Peru
     
    • Puno Department
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1994, 6, pp. 145-150.
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/khib.htm
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Cérová Mts
    		Ďuďa,R., Mrázek,Z., Košuth,M., 1984: Postmagmatická zeolitová mineralizácia Cérovej vrchoviny. Min.Slovaca, 16,2,157 - 172
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    		Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Hnilec
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    • Prešov Region
      • Northern Slanské Mts
        • Červenica (Czerwenitza)
    		Duda,R. et. all.,1981: MIneralogia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca,Monografia 2, Bratislava, 98p
    Ďuďa,R., et al., 1981: Mineralógia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca, Monografia 2, 98s
    Ďuďa,R., et al., 1981: Mineralógia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca, Monografia 2, 98s
    Duda et. all.,1981:Minerály severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovca,Monografia 2,Bratislava, 98 p
    South Africa
     
    • Limpopo Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kimberley
    		Mathias, M., Siebert, J.C., and Rickwood, P.C. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 26, 75-123.
    Spain
     
    • Canary Islands
      • Las Palmas Province
        • Gran Canaria (Grand Canary)
    		Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol 157, Synthesis of Vicap Project Drilling, http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/157_SR/VOLUME/CHAP_27.PDF
    Surinam
     
    • Nickerie District
    		Am Min 61:3-4 pp 332-333
    Sweden
     
    • Småland
      • Jönköping
        • Månsarp
    		A.E.Törnebohm: About Taberg in Småland. GFF 5 , 1880
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		No reference listed
    Tunisia
     
    • Tataouine Governorate
      • Tataouine (Foum Tatahouine)
    		M Chinellato collection
    UK
     
    • England
      • Leicestershire
        • Barwell
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1966 35 : 881-902
      • Merseyside
        • Wirral
    		BMS Database
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Argyllshire)
    		www.abdn.ac.uk/geology/profiles/auming/pitchstone/pitchstones.htm.
      • North West Highlands (Inverness-shire)
    		www.abdn.ac.uk/geology/profiles/auming/pitchstone/pitchstones.htm.
      • Strathclyde (Argyllshire)
    		www.abdn.ac.uk/geology/profiles/auming/pitchstone/pitchstones.htm.
    Mineralogical Magazine 1965 34 : 92-106.
      • Strathclyde (Bute)
    		www.abdn.ac.uk/geology/profiles/auming/pitchstone/pitchstones.htm.
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Chambers Co.
    		Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
      • Cleburne Co.
    		Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
      • Coosa Co.
    		Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
      • Tallapoosa Co.
    		Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    • Arizona
      • Apache Co.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Dinnehotso
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 256; Gavasci, A.T. & P.F. Kerr (1968), Uranium emplacement at Garnet Ridge, Econ.Geol.: 63: 859-876.
      • La Paz Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 270; Reynolds, S.J. et al (1988), Geologic setting of Mesozoic and Cenozoic metamorphism in AZ, in W.G. Ernst (editor), Metamorphism and crustal evolution of the western United States. Ruby Vol. No. 7, Prentice Hall, NY: 466-501.
      • Navajo Co.
    		Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 89.
      • Pima Co.
        • Ajo District
          • Little Ajo Mts
    		Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 89.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Mingus Mountain quadrangle
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 256; McKee, E.H. & C.A. Anderson (1971), Age and chemistry of Tertiary volcanic rocks in northcentral AZ and relation of the rocks to the Colorado Plateaus, Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull.: 82: 2767-2782.
    • Arkansas
    		Jay Ellis Ransom,1974, Gems and Minerals of America
    • California
      • Kern Co.
        • Kramer District
          • Boron
    		Cal Div of Mines & Geology "Mineral Information Service" V. 22 N. 9 Sept 1969
      • Plumas Co.
        • La Porte District
    		Turner, Henry Ward (1894b), The rocks of the Sierra Nevada: USGS, 14th. Annual Report, part 2: 435-495; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 307; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 386.
      • Riverside Co.
    		Daly, John W. (1935) Paragenesis of the minerals a Crestmore, Riverside County, California. American Mineralogist: 20: 638-659; Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Silver Dry Lake
      • San Diego Co.
    		Merrill, F. J. H. 1914. Geology and Mineral Resources of San Diego and Imperial Counties: Gems, Lithia Minerals. California State Mining Bureau, San Francisco, Cal. California State Printing Office, December. Chapter 1, pages 61-110.
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Ben Lomond Mountain area
    		Leo, G.W. (1967) The plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the Ben Lomond Mountain area, Santa Cruz County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 91: 34; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 386.
      • Siskiyou Co.
        • Mount Shasta
    		Dana, James Dwight (1849), Notes on upper California: American Journal of Science, 2nd. series: 7: 254; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 307; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 386.
    • Colorado
      • Chaffee Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Custer Co.
        • Hardscrabble District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Gunnison Co.
        • Willow Creek District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Larimer Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Rio Grande Co.
        • Summitville District (Summit District)
          • South Mountain
    		The Mines and Minerals of the Great American Rift, R.W. Holmes & M.B. Kennedy, 1983
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Summit Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Weld Co.
        • Johnstown
    		Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIX (2008)
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Trumbull
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
    • Georgia
      • Towns Co.
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
      • Troup Co.
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
      • Upson Co.
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    • Hawaii
      • Hawaii Co. (Hawaii Island)
        • Hamakua district
    		Richard W. Thomssen specimen
    • Idaho
      • Boundary Co.
        • Moyie - Yaak District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Indiana
      • Switzerland Co.
        • Florence
    		Byron F. King (1932) American Mineralogist, 17, #10, 485-490.
    • Maine
      • Piscataquis Co.
        • Katahdin Iron Works
    		Houston (1956) Genetic Study of Some Pyrrhotite Deposits of Maine and New Brunswick
    • Massachusetts
      • Berkshire Co.
    		Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
      • Essex Co.
    		Sears, JH, 1905, Geology of Essex County, Mass
    • Michigan
    		www.deq.state.mi.us/documents/deq-glm-rcim-geology-Minerals_Found_In_Michigan.Pdf.
    Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Missouri
      • Washington Co.
        • Meramec State Park
    		R&M 73:2 pp 98-117
    • Montana
      • Beaverhead Co.
        • Dillon District (Carter Creek District; Frying Pan Basin District)
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    David Frank and Lorraine Edmond (2001) Feasibility for Identifying Mineralogical and Geochemical Tracers for Vermiculite Ore Deposits EPA 910-R-01-002
    • Nebraska
      • McPherson Co.
    		American Meteorite Laboratory catalog (March, 1965)
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
        • Bunkerville District
    		NBMG Bull 62 Geology and Mineral Deposits of Clark County, Nevada
          • Whitney Pocket Basin
    		NBMG Bull 62 Geology and Mineral Deposits of Clark County, Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Las Vegas District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
        • Safford District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Nellis Air Force range
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
      • Grafton Co.
        • Waterville Valley
    		Meyers & Stewart (1956). The Geology of NH: Part III Minerals and Mines. p.43,46
    • New Jersey
      • Morris Co.
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 82.
      • Passaic Co.
        • Wanaque Borough
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vil. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 81.
      • Warren Co.
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull., Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 79.
    • New Mexico
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed., 1996
      • Luna Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Sandoval Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Sierra Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Socorro Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996)
      • Taos Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 84.
      • Orange Co.
        • Town of Warwick
    		New York State Museum Bull. Nos. 249-250 (Sep-Oct 1921), Magnetic Iron Deposits of SE NY, Clarke, John M.: Index Map, 106-107; Geol. Survey of the State of NY, Geology of Orange Co., Roes, Heinrich (1895): 446.
      • Warren Co.
        • North Creek
    		Jensen (1978) Minerals of New York State, p.93
      • Westchester Co.
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 86.
    • North Carolina
    		Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
        • Mason Mountain
    		Fred Baker, 1961, U.S Geological Survey Professional Paper 424-C p. 336-338
      • Mitchell Co.
        • Cane Creek Section
    		J. Metamorphic Geol. 21:685–698 (2003)
    • Oklahoma
      • Beaver Co.
    		http://www.meteorite.com/gallery/beaver.htm
      • Comanche Co.
        • Meers
    		Rocks & Min. vol. 72 (1997)
      • Stephens Co.
    • Oregon
      • Jackson Co.
        • Evans Creek District
    		Oregon Metal Mines Handbook, 1943, Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries: Bulletin No. 14-C, Vol. 2, Section 2 - Jackson Co., page 60.
      • Klamath Co.
    		Donald G. Howard (2008) International Micromounters Journal, 15, #3&4, 3-6.
    • Pennsylvania
      • Allegheny Co.
        • Pittsburgh
    		Byron F. King (1932) American Mineralogist, 17, #10, 485-490.
          • Neville Island
    		Byron F. King (1932) American Mineralogist, 17, #10, 485-490.
      • Armstrong Co.
        • Freeport
    		Byron F. King (1932) American Mineralogist, 17, #10, 485-490.
      • Delaware Co.
        • Edgemont Township
    		Mineralogy of Pennsylvania-1922; Samuel S. Gordon, pg. 188
        • Middletown Township
          • Elwyn
    		Joe Dunleavy (Pers. Comm.)
    Gordon\'s Mineralogy of Pennsylvania (1922) p. 191
      • Fayette Co.
        • West Masontown
    		Byron F. King (1932) American Mineralogist, 17, #10, 485-490.
      • Lawrence Co.
        • East Moravia
    		Byron F. King (1932) American Mineralogist, 17, #10, 485-490.
      • Lebanon Co.
        • Cornwall
    		Lapham & Geyer, 1965. Mineral Collecting in Pennsylvania
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
    		SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    • Utah
      • Salt Lake Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Tooele Co.
        • Oquirrh Mts
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Virginia
      • Amherst Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Roseland
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Roseland Anorthosite
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Washington
      • Clark Co.
        • Washougal
    		http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1972Metic...7..449J&data_type=PDF_HIGH&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf
      • King Co.
        • Enumclaw
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
      • Whatcom Co.
        • Sisters District
          • Twin Sisters Mountain
            • Green Creek
    		Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; R. Derkey, N. Joseph, R. Lasmanis, 1990
            • Nooksack River
    		Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
    • West Virginia
      • Wetzel Co.
        • New Martinsville
    		Byron F. King (1932) American Mineralogist, 17, #10, 485-490.
    • Wisconsin
    Mineral and/or Locality
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