Plombièrite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Plombièrite
Plombières-les-Bains, France
Formula:
[Ca4Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 5H2O)
Colour:
White to pink to red-brown
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
2.02 - 2.20
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Name after the locality. Redefined by IMA in 2014, according to new nomenclature for the Tobermorite Supergroup.
An unclassified member of the Tobermorite Supergroup. Plombièrite is the most hydrated phase belonging to the Tobermorite supergroup. It has a basal spacing of 14 Å, and is therefore often called 'Tobermorite-14 Å'.
The structure of plombièrite contains composite layers, consisting of infinite sheets of (CaO7) polyhedra, to both sides of which dreier single chains of (SiO4) tetrahedra are attached, running along the b axis. Those layers are stacked along the c axis and linked by additional calcium ions and water molecules which occupy cavities between the layers (Bonaccorsi et al., 2005).
A very similar structure is expected for Riversideite.
Two natural polytypes are known: Plombièrite-4O and Plombièrite-2M.
The structure of plombièrite contains composite layers, consisting of infinite sheets of (CaO7) polyhedra, to both sides of which dreier single chains of (SiO4) tetrahedra are attached, running along the b axis. Those layers are stacked along the c axis and linked by additional calcium ions and water molecules which occupy cavities between the layers (Bonaccorsi et al., 2005).
A very similar structure is expected for Riversideite.
Two natural polytypes are known: Plombièrite-4O and Plombièrite-2M.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3242
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3242:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
f19243a9-b460-426c-8f9e-fb3daeb3abd8
IMA Classification of Plombièrite
Approved
IMA status notes:
Redefined by the IMA
IMA Formula:
Ca4Si6O16(OH)2(H2O)2 · (Ca · 5H2O)
Approval history:
Redefined by IMA: 2014 (special procedure).
Classification of Plombièrite
9.DG.08
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
72.3.2.3
72 : PHYLLOSILICATES Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings
3 : Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings with 3-, 4-, or 5-membered rings and 8-membered rings
72 : PHYLLOSILICATES Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings
3 : Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings with 3-, 4-, or 5-membered rings and 8-membered rings
14.5.26
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
5 : Silicates of Ca
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
5 : Silicates of Ca
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Plm | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Plm | Warr (2020) | Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30 |
Physical Properties of Plombièrite
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
White to pink to red-brown
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.02 - 2.20 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.27 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Plombièrite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Chemistry of Plombièrite
Mindat Formula:
[Ca4Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 5H2O)
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Plombièrite
Polytype:
Formula:
Crystal System:
Class (H-M)
Space Group:
Space Group Setting:
Cell Parameters:
Ratio:
Unit Cell Volume (calc):
Z:
| Plombièrite-2M | Plombièrite-4O |
|---|---|
| Monoclinic | Orthorhombic |
| 2 - Sphenoidal | mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal |
| Fddd | |
| Fddd | |
| a = 6.735(2) Å, b = 7.425(2) Å, c = 27.987(5) Å α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 123.25° | a = 11.2 Å, b = 7.3 Å, c = 56 Å |
| a:b:c = 0.907 : 1 : 3.769 | a:b:c = 1.534 : 1 : 7.671 |
| V 1,399.56 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) | V 4,578.56 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell) |
| 2 |
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.48 Å | (wb) |
| 3.17 Å | (msb) |
| 3.01 Å | (msb) |
| 2.81 Å | (ms) |
| 2.07 Å | (w) |
| 1.83 Å | (ms) |
| 1.67 Å | (w) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56) | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Plombièrite
Reference:
Daubrée, G.A. (1858) Sur la relation des sources thermales de plombières avec les filons métallifères, et sur la formation comtemporaine des zéolithes. Annales des Mines: 13: 227-256.
Synonyms of Plombièrite
Other Language Names for Plombièrite
German:Plombièrit
Spanish:Plombièrita
Relationship of Plombièrite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Clinotobermorite | [Ca4Si6O17 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 3H2O) | Mon. |
| Paratobermorite | Ca4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O) | Mon. 2/m |
| Riversideite | Ca5(HSi3O9)2 · 2H2O | Orth. |
| Tobermorite Group | Ca4+x(AlySi6-y)O15+2x-y · 5H2O |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 4 photos of Plombièrite associated with Vesuvianite | Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9 |
| 4 photos of Plombièrite associated with Scawtite | Ca7(Si3O9)2CO3 · 2H2O |
| 3 photos of Plombièrite associated with Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Plombièrite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 1 photo of Plombièrite associated with Hydroxylellestadite | Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5(OH) |
| 1 photo of Plombièrite associated with Larnite | Ca2SiO4 |
| 1 photo of Plombièrite associated with Monticellite | CaMgSiO4 |
| 1 photo of Plombièrite associated with Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| 1 photo of Plombièrite associated with Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| 1 photo of Plombièrite associated with Bultfonteinite | Ca2(HSiO4)F · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DG. | Calcinaksite | KNaCa(Si4O10) · H2O |
| 9.DG. | Barrydawsonite-(Y) | Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG. | Paratobermorite | Ca4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O) |
| 9.DG. | Alvesite | NaKZrSi6O15 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.02 | Steedeite | NaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 |
| 9.DG.02 | Nolzeite | NaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.05 | Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| 9.DG.05 | Ferrobustamite | CaFe2+(Si2O6) |
| 9.DG.05 | Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Serandite | NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
| 9.DG.05 | Wollastonite-1A | CaSiO3 |
| 9.DG.05 | Tanohataite | LiMn2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Schizolite | NaCaMnSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Murakamiite | LiCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.05 | Dalnegorskite | Ca5Mn(Si3O9)2 |
| 9.DG.07 | Cascandite | CaScSi3O8(OH) |
| 9.DG.10 | Clinotobermorite | [Ca4Si6O17 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 3H2O) |
| 9.DG.10 | Riversideite | Ca5(HSi3O9)2 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.10 | Tobermorite | Ca4Si6O17(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O) |
| 9.DG.12 | Jusite | Na2Ca15Al4Si16O54 · 17H2O |
| 9.DG.12 | Kenotobermorite | Ca4Si6O15(OH)2(H2O)2 · 3H2O |
| 9.DG.15 | Foshagite | Ca4(Si3O9)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.20 | Jennite | Ca9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2O |
| 9.DG.20 | Kamenevite | K2TiSi3O9 · H2O |
| 9.DG.25 | Paraumbite | K3Zr2H(Si3O9)2 · nH2O |
| 9.DG.25 | Umbite | K2(Zr,Ti)Si3O9 · H2O |
| 9.DG.30 | Sørensenite | Na4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4 |
| 9.DG.32 | Escheite | Ca2NaMnTi5[Si12O34]O2(OH)3 · 12H2O |
| 9.DG.35 | Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.40 | Hillebrandite | Ca2(SiO3)(OH)2 |
| 9.DG.45 | Zorite | Na8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2O |
| 9.DG.45 | Chivruaiite | Ca4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 13-14H2O |
| 9.DG.50 | Haineaultite | (Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8 · 5H2O |
| 9.DG.55 | Epididymite | Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O |
| 9.DG.60 | Eudidymite | Na2Be2Si6O15 · H2O |
| 9.DG.65 | Elpidite | Na2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2O |
| 9.DG.65 | Patynite | NaKCa4[Si9O23] |
| 9.DG.67 | Whelanite | Cu2+2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3 · 2H2O |
| 9.DG.70 | Fenaksite | (K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F) |
| 9.DG.70 | Litidionite | CuNaKSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.70 | Manaksite | KNaMnSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.70 | Yusupovite | Na2Zr(Si6O15) · 2.5H2O |
| 9.DG.70 | Enricofrancoite | KNaCaSi4O10 |
| 9.DG.75 | Tinaksite | K2Na(Ca,Mn2+)2TiO[Si7O18(OH)] |
| 9.DG.75 | Tokkoite | K2Ca4[Si7O18(OH)](OH,F) |
| 9.DG.75 | Senkevichite | CsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18](OH) |
| 9.DG.80 | Canasite | K3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4 |
| 9.DG.80 | Fluorcanasite | K3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 · H2O |
| 9.DG.85 | Miserite | K1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5(Si6O15)(Si2O7)(OH,F)2 · yH2O |
| 9.DG.90 | Frankamenite | K3Na3Ca5(Si12O30)(F,OH)4 · H2O |
| 9.DG.92 | Charoite | (K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2O |
| 9.DG.95 | Yuksporite | K4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(◻,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3 |
| 9.DG.97 | Eveslogite | (Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)48 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe2+)12Si48O144(OH)12](F,OH,Cl)14 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Plombièrite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3242.html
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References for Plombièrite
Reference List:
McConnell, J. D. C. (1954) The hydrated calcium silicates riversideite, tobermorite, and plombierite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 30 (224) 293-305 doi:10.1180/minmag.1954.030.224.02
Henmi, C., Kusachi, I. (1992) Clinotobermorite, Ca5Si6(O,OH)18·5H2O, a new mineral from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Mineralogical Magazine, 56 (384) 353-358 doi:10.1180/minmag.1992.056.384.07
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2014) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2014, CNMNC Newsletter No 21. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 797-804 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.03
Localities for Plombièrite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Analyses in prep |
Austria | |
| Postl et al. (1996) |
| Exel (1993) +1 other reference |
China | |
| Cao Zhengmin et al. (1986) |
France (TL) | |
| C.R.Acad.Sci.Paris (1858) |
Germany | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Hentschel (1983) |
Hungary | |
| Kónya-MÁFI |
| Kónya-MÁFI |
Italy | |
| Boscardin M. et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
Japan | |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Petrov (n.d.) | |
| Henmi et al. (1992) |
Middle East | |
| Gross (1977) | |
Romania | |
| Szakáll |
| Szakáll et al. (2010) | |
| Marincea et al. (2011) |
| Marincea +2 other references |
Russia | |
| Sergey Vasiliev |
| A. E. Zadov data |
| [World of Stones 2:93 p35] +1 other reference |
| Zadov +5 other references |
UK | |
| McConnell (1954) |
| Nawaz (1977) |
| McConnell (1955) | |
| Cann (1965) |
| Agrell (1965) |
USA | |
| [micromounts@yahoogroups.com] |
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Zarenosawa, Yamakita, Ashigarakami District, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan