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Alum-(K)

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Big Photo

Alum King Occurrence (Big Star), Henry District, Antelope Range, Sevier Co., Utah, USA
© Rob Lavinsky

Show Alum-(K) Photos (9)



Formula:
KAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
System:IsometricColour:Colourless, white; ...
Hardness:2
Member of:Alum Group
Name:The name is derived from "Alum" since this species is a member of the alum group; the -(K) suffix denotes that it is the K-dominant member of the group.


Alum Group.
Previously called potassium alum.

Classification of Alum-(K)

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/C.14-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.CC.20

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 8th edition ID:29.5.5.1

29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
5 : AB(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.6.17

25 : Sulphates
6 : Sulphates of Al and Tl
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-3267.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Physical Properties of Alum-(K)

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Colourless, white; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):2
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
{111}, traces.
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):1.757 g/cm3
Density (calculated):1.753 g/cm3

Crystallography of Alum-(K)

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3 (2/m 3) - Diploidal
Morphology:Crystals octahedral if precipitated from pure water solution; cubic from alkaline solutions. Commonly massive with a columnar or granular structure; stalactitic, mealy coatings.
Twinning:On {111}, very rare.
Crystal Atlas:
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Potassiumalum no.3 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Potassiumalum no.27 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Potassiumalum no.28 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

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The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

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X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Alum-(K)

Type:Isotropic

Chemical Properties of Alum-(K)

Formula:
KAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, H, K, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Al, H, K, O, S
Analytical Data:Soluble in water (11.4 g. in H2O at 20°).
Relationship of Alum-(K) to other Species
Member of:Alum Group
Other Members of Group:

- + 
Alum-(Na)
NaAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Lanmuchangite
Tl
+
 
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Tschermigite
(NH
 
4
)Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- + 
7.CC.05Krausite
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
7.CC.10Tamarugite
NaAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CC.15Kalinite
KAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 11H
 
2
O Not confirmed
7.CC.15Mendozite
NaAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 11H
 
2
O
7.CC.20Lonecreekite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
7.CC.20Alum-(Na)
NaAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
7.CC.20Tschermigite
(NH
 
4
)Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
7.CC.20Lanmuchangite
Tl
+
 
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
7.CC.25Voltaite
K
 
2
Fe
2+
5
Fe
3+
3
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O
7.CC.25Zincovoltaite
K
 
2
Zn
 
5
Fe
3+
3
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O
7.CC.25Pertlikite
K
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Mg
 
4
Fe
3+
2
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O
7.CC.25Ammoniomagnesiovoltaite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Mg
2+
5
Fe
3+
3
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O
7.CC.30Kröhnkite
Na
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.CC.35Ferrinatrite
Na
 
3
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.CC.40Goldichite
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CC.45Löweite
Na
 
12
Mg
 
7
(SO
 
4
)
 
13
 · 15H
 
2
O
7.CC.50Blödite
Na
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CC.50Nickelblödite
Na
 
2
(Ni,Mg)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CC.50Changoite
Na
 
2
Zn(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CC.50Zincblödite
7.CC.55Leonite
K
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CC.55Mereiterite
K
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.CC.60Boussingaultite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CC.60Cyanochroite
K
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CC.60Mohrite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CC.60Nickelboussingaultite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Ni(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CC.60Picromerite
K
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CC.65Polyhalite
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.CC.70Leightonite
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.CC.75Amarillite
NaFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.CC.80Konyaite
Na
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.CC.85Wattevilleite
Na
 
2
Ca(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O (?)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- + 
25.6.1Rostite
Al(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 5H
 
2
O
25.6.2Jurbanite
Al(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 5H
 
2
O
25.6.3Khademite
Al(SO
 
4
)F · 5H
 
2
O
25.6.4Meta-aluminite
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
25.6.5Aluminite
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
25.6.6Meta-alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 12H
 
2
O
25.6.7Alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 17H
 
2
O
25.6.8Felsőbányaite
Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.6.9Basaluminite
25.6.10Hydrobasaluminite
Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 12-36H
 
2
O
25.6.11Zaherite
Al
 
12
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
(OH)
 
26
 · 20H
 
2
O
25.6.12Tamarugite
NaAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.6.13Mendozite
NaAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 11H
 
2
O
25.6.14Alum-(Na)
NaAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
25.6.15Natroalunite
(Na,K)Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.6.16Kalinite
KAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 11H
 
2
O Not confirmed
25.6.18Alunite
KAl
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.6.19Minamiite
(Na,Ca
 
0.5
,K)Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.6.20Tschermigite
(NH
 
4
)Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Other Names for Alum-(K)
Synonyms:
Potassium Alum
Other Languages:
German:Kalialaun
Russian:Алюмокалиевые квасцы
Simplified Chinese:钾明矾
钾明矾石
Other Information
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Alum-(K)
Reference List:

- + 
Dana, J.D. (1868) System of Mineralogy, 5th. Edition, New York: 652.



Weisbach, Albin (1875) Synopsis mineralogical, systematische Übersicht des Mineralreiches. 78 pp., Freiberg: 9.



Klocke (1878) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 2: 126.



Klocke (1880) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart.: I: 56.



Klocke (1881) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart.: II: 267.



Wulff (1881) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 5: 81.



Brauns (1883) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart.: II: 102.



Pfaff (1884) Sitzber. bayer. Ak. Wiss.: 255.



Soret (1884) Arch. sc. phys. nat. Genève: 12: 376.



Brauns (1885) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart.: I: 96.



Brauns (1891) Die opt. Anom. der Kristalle, Leiopzig.



Pockels (1892) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart., Beil.-Bd: 8: 217. 



Groth (1908) Chemische Krystallographie. Leipzig. 5 volumes: vol. 2: 565. 



Bauhans (1913) Verh. Nat. Ver. Heidelberg: 12: 319.



Beckenkamp (1913) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 51: 492.



Valeton (1921) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 56: 434.



Britton (1922) Journal of the Chemical Society, London: 121: 982.



Friedel (1924) Comptes rendu de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 179: 796.



Spangenberg (1925) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 61: 189.



Spangenberg (1928) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart. Beil.-Bd.: 57: 1197.



Alfani (1933) Periodico de Mineralogia-Roma: 4: 395.



Wendekamm (1933) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 85, 169.



Lipson and Beevers (1935) Proceeding of the Royal Society, London: 148A: 664.



Frondel, C. (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 91.



Spangenberg and Baldermann-Fiola (1949) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatsh., Abt. A: 113.



Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume II: 472-474.



Acta Crystallographica (1967): 22: 793.
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    • Localities for Alum-(K)
    






    


    

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the  symbol to view information about a locality. 
The  symbol next to localities in the list
can be used to jump to that position on the map.

    

    

    
Hide Locality List
     		

    (TL) indicates type locality.  ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.

    Argentina
     
    

    • Jujuy
    

      • Santa Bárbara Department
    
    		Saravia, T.S. (1960) Geografia de la Provincia de Jujuy. (Jujuy provincial government, publications advisory commission, No. 3)
    

    • San Juan
    

      • Iglesia Department
    
    		Bengochea, L., Lara, R. y Mas, G., 1996. Kalinita y boyleita. Sulfatos secundarios del Área Valle del Cura; San Juan. 3ra Reunión de Mineralogía y Metalogenia. Instituto de Recursos Minerales, UNLP. Publicación 5: 63-66.
    Austria
     
    

    • Salzburg
    

      • Hallein
    

        • Dürrnberg
    
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    

    • Tyrol
    

      • North Tyrol
    

        • Inn valley
    
    		Lapis 19(7/8):13-78 (1994)
    Bolivia
     
    

    • Potosí Department
    

      • Cerro Huañaquino
    
    		Salomon Rivas & Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz)
    


      • Daniel Campos Province
    

        • San Pablo de Napa
    
    		[www.hedegaard.com]
    Chile
     
    

    • Antofagasta Region
    

      • El Loa Province
    

        • Calama
    

          • Chuquicamata District
    
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 473.
    China
     
    

    • Guizhou Province
    

      • Qianxi'nan Autonomous Prefecture
    

        • Xingren Co.
    
    		Acta Mineral. Sinica: 21(3):271-277, in Chinese, English abs.
    Czech Republic
     
    

    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
    

      • Central Bohemia Region
    

        • Dubá
    

          • Medonosy
    
    		Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
    



        • Mnichovo Hradiště
    

          • Branžež
    
    		Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
    



Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
    


      • Hradec Králové Region
    

        • Jičín (Jitschin; Gitschin)
    
    		Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
    


      • Liberec Region
    

        • Turnov
    
    		Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
    Germany
     
    

    • Baden-Württemberg
    

      • Black Forest
    

        • Wolfach
    

          • Oberwolfach
    

            • Rankach valley
    
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    



        • Zell am Harmersbach
    

          • Biberach
    
    		Aufschluss 1984(1), 1-5
    

    • Hesse
    

      • Richelsdorf District
    

        • Süss
    

          • Richelsdorf Smelter
    
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1992
    

    • North Rhine-Westphalia
    

      • Aachen
    

        • Alsdorf
    
    		Blaß, G. and Graf, H.-W. (1996): Neue mineralogische Erkenntnisse und neue Funde aus Eifel, Schwarzwald und Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 7 (2), 55-64. (in German)
    

    • Saarland
    

      • Saar coal mining area
    

        • Saarbrücken
    

          • Dudweiler (Duttweiler)
    
    		H. Schneider: "Saarland", Sammlung geologischer Führer Vol. 84, Borntraeger (Berlin, Stuttgart), 1991
    

    • Thuringia
    

      • Gera
    

        • Ronneburg U deposit
    
    		EDX and XRD confirmed by Dr. Th. Witzke, ex Rüger-collection
    



T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Hungary
     
    

    • Baranya Co.
    

      • Mecsek Mts.
    

        • Komló
    
    		Geoda 2007/1
    

    • Heves Co.
    

      • Mátra Mts.
    

        • Parádfürdő
    
    		Own collecting and analysed(2005)
    



Geoda,2005
    Iran
     
    

    • Yazd Province
    

      • Saghand (Sagand; Saqand)
    
    		Bariand, P., Cesbron, F. & Berthelon, J. P. (1977): Iron sulfates of Saghand near Yazd (Iran). Memoire Hors-Série de la Société Géologique de France 8, 77-85.
    Italy
     
    

    • Campania
    

      • Naples Province
    

        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    
    		Russo, M., 2006: I minerali di formazione fumarolica della grande eruzione vesuviana del 1906
    




Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
    


      • Phlegrean Volcanic complex
    

        • Naples Province
    

          • Phlegrean Fields
    

            • Cape Miseno
    
    		[Klaproth, M.H. (1795): Untersuchung des natürlichen Alauns von Miseno, Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, Erster Band, Rottmann Berlin, pp 311] [Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 467, 473, 620]

    

    • Latium
    

      • Rome Province
    

        • Sacrofano Caldera
    

          • Sacrofano
    
    		A. del Caldo, C. Moro, C.M. Gramaccioli, M. Boscardin: Guida ai Minerali - Fabbri ed. 1973
    

    • Sicily
    

      • Messina Province
    

        • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
    

          • Lipari
    

            • Vulcano Island
    
    		Campostrini I. et al - Vulcano: ein aussergewohnlicher Fundpunkt von neuen und seltenen Mineralien - MineralienWelt 2010 - nr.3 - p.40-57
    






              • Porto Levante
    
    		COSSA A. (1881) : Ricerche chimiche e microscopiche su roccie e minerali d'Italia.  Allume potassico dell'Isola Vulcano. - Regia Stazione Agraria Sperimentale di Torino - Tip. V.  Bona.
    






COSSA A. (1881) : Ricerche chimiche e microscopiche su roccie e minerali d'Italia.  Allume potassico dell' Isola Vulcano. - Regia Stazione Agraria Sperimentale di Torino - Tip. V.  Bona.
    





COSSA A. (1881) : Ricerche chimiche e microscopiche su roccie e minerali d'Italia.  Allume potassico dell' Isola Vulcano. - Regia Stazione Agraria Sperimentale di Torino - Tip. V.  Bona.
    

    • Tuscany
    

      • Lucca Province
    

        • Apuan Alps
    

          • Vergemoli
    
    		Biagioni, C., Bonaccorsi, E., Orlandi, P. (2011) Volaschioite: a new mineral from Fornovolasco, Apuan Alps, Tuscany (Italy). Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 605-614.
    


      • Siena Province
    

        • Chiusdino
    
    		Brizzi G., Ciselli I, Santucci A. (1985) - Le Cetine di Cotorniano: storia e mineralogia - Riv. Miner. Ital., 9(1): 1-12; 9(2): 55-64; 9(3): 89-99
    Japan
     
    

    • Kyushu Region
    

      • Kagoshima Prefecture
    

        • Hishikari gold deposit (Hishikari gold mine)
    
    		Ibaraki, K., and Suzuki, R. (1991): Heilongjiang Geological Information 1991(3), 47-56
    



Ibaraki, K., and Suzuki, R. (1991): Heilongjiang Geological Information 1991(3), 47-56
    


      • Nansei Archipelago
    

        • Kagoshima Prefecture
    

          • Yakushima-cho
    

            • Kuchierabu Island (Kuchinoerabu Island)
    
    		Alfredo Petrov collection; July 2008 field trip.
    Norway
     
    

    • Svalbard
    

      • Spitsbergen
    
    		L. Kruszewski specimen
    Poland
     
    

    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
    

      • Lubań District
    
    		Berg G. 1935: Erläuterungen zu Blatt Lauban. Geol. Karte v. Preussen und benachbarten deutschen Ländern 1:25 000. Lief 333. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst. Berlin
    South Africa
     
    

    • Mpumalanga Province
    

      • Nelspruit District
    
    		Martini, J.E.J. et al (1997), "Mbobo Mkulu Cave, South Africa", in "Cave Minerals of the World" (1997)
    South Korea
     
    

    • Gyeongsangbuk-do (Kyongsang-bukto; Gyeongsangbugdo)
    

      • Yongyang-gun
    
    		Rutgers College Geological Museum specimens
    Switzerland
     
    

    • Wallis (Valais)
    

      • Le Trient Valley
    
    		Erik Vercammen collection
    UK
     
    

    • England
    

      • Derbyshire
    

        • South Darley
    
    		Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of Derbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55
    


      • Dorset
    
    		Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London), 168 pp.
    


      • North Yorkshire
    
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 473.
    USA
     
    

    • Arizona
    

      • Coconino Co.
    

        • Grand Canyon National Park
    

          • South Rim
    

            • Orphan District
    

              • Grand Canyon Village
    
    		Anatoly Kasatkin analyses
    



        • San Franciscan volcanic field (San Francisco Peaks; San Francisco Mts)
    
    		Hanson, S. L., A. U. Fastner, W. B. Simmons (2008) Mineralogy of the Fumerole deposits at Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument, Northern Arizona. Rocks & Mnerals 83:6 pp 534-544.
    

    • California
    

      • Contra Costa Co.
    

        • Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve
    

          • Nortonville
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124pp.: 473; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 82.
    


      • Lake Co.
    

        • Sulphur Creek District (Sulfur Creek District; Wilbur Springs District)
    

          • Clear Lake Oaks
    
    		Dana 7: I: 143; Dana 7: II: 473.; Emmons and Becker (1885) Statistics and Technology of the precious Metals. Census reports Tenth census. June 1, 1880, Volume 13 By United States. Census office. 10th census, 1880, United States. Census Office
    


      • San Bernardino Co.
    

        • Calico Mts (Calico Hills)
    

          • Calico District (Daggett District)
    

            • Yermo
    

              • Mule Canyon
    
    		California State University, Desert Studies Consortium (2000), Between the Basins: Exploring the Western Mojave & Southern Basin, Range Province (April 2000). ; Joseph F. Cooper, Jr., Gail E. Dunning, Ted A. Hadley, and William P. Moller (2001) The Sulfur Hole, Calico District, San Bernardino County, California
    


      • San Diego Co.
    

        • Banner District
    

          • Banner
    
    		Donnelly, Maurice (1934), Geology and mineral deposits of the Julian district, San Diego County, California: California Division Mines Report 30; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 293; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 265.
    

    • Colorado
    

      • Delta Co.
    
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 13, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    


      • Jefferson Co.
    
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    

    • Indiana
    

      • Carroll Co.
    

        • Deer Creek
    
    		Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp
    


      • Floyd Co.
    
    		Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp
    


      • Montgomery Co.
    
    		Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp
    

Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp
    

Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp
    

    • Nevada
    

      • Esmeralda Co.
    

        • Alum District
    
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada; Uwe Kolitsch (SXRD-analysis; confirmed ID); Nevada Bureau of Mines & Geology (1983), "A Mineral Inventory of the Esmeralda-Stateline Resource Area, Las Vegas District, Nevada," NBMG Open File Report 83-11
    

    • Ohio
    

      • Scioto Co.
    
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
    


      • Summit Co.
    

        • Cuyahoga Falls
    

          • Cuyahoga Gorge Park
    
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
    



        • Twinsburg township
    
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
    

    • Pennsylvania
    

      • Lancaster Co.
    

        • Martic Township
    
    		Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Mins. New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Min. Soc. of PA, Inc.: 65; Gordon, S. G. (1922), Mineralogy of PA: 146; Montgomery, Arthur (Jan, 1963), "Gordon's PA Min. List," in PA Mins. (PM), PM (3), Keystone Newsletter
    


      • Schuylkill Co.
    
    		Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Mins. New to the PA List 1965-1974, The Mineralogical Soc. of PA, Inc.: 19 & 23, 59, 65-66; Downey, W. F., Jr. (1974), "Geol. Conditions in Burning Anthracite-NE PA," Geol. Soc. Am. Abstracts w. Programs, Vol. 5(1):19-20;
    

    • Tennessee
    

      • Sevier Co.
    

        • Great Smoky Mts
    
    		Jan H.Bernard and Jaroslav Hyrsl,2004, Minerals and their Localities, pg 480.
    

    • Utah
    

      • Sevier Co.
    

        • Antelope Range
    

          • Henry District
    
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    


    


    

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