Roweite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Roweite
George Rowe
Formula:
Ca2Mn2+2B4O7(OH)6
Colour:
Light brown; colourless in transmitted light
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4½ - 5
Specific Gravity:
2.935
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 1937 by Harry Berman and Forest A. Gonyer in honor of Mr. George Rowe [1868 Cornwall, England, United Kingdom - 1947 USA], Mine Captain and mineral collector, of Franklin, New Jersey, USA.
Type Locality:
Fedorovskite-Roweite Series. The manganese analogue of Fedorovskite.
Only one specimen known is known from the type locality (all additional specimens are "crumbs" from the original single specimen).
Only one specimen known is known from the type locality (all additional specimens are "crumbs" from the original single specimen).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3466
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3466:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
f2767692-9d30-4fbb-a615-55daa27a07f6
IMA Classification of Roweite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1937
Classification of Roweite
6.DA.25
6 : BORATES
D : Tetraborates
A : Neso-tetraborates
6 : BORATES
D : Tetraborates
A : Neso-tetraborates
25.4.1.1
25 : ANHYDROUS BORATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : Tetraborates
25 : ANHYDROUS BORATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : Tetraborates
9.4.1
9 : Borates
4 : Borates of Ca and Mn
9 : Borates
4 : Borates of Ca and Mn
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Rwe | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Roweite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Light brown; colourless in transmitted light
Hardness:
4½ - 5 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
{100}, fair; on {001}, {021}, poor
{100}, fair; on {001}, {021}, poor
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.935(5) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.939 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Roweite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.631 - 1.648 nβ = 1.640 - 1.660 nγ = 1.641 - 1.663
2V:
Measured: 15° to 28°, Calculated: 44°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.010 - 0.015
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
weak
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = very pale brown to colorless; Y = pale amber; Z = yellowish brown.
Comments:
Orientation: X = c; Y = b; Z = a
Chemistry of Roweite
Mindat Formula:
Ca2Mn2+2B4O7(OH)6
Crystallography of Roweite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbam
Setting:
Pbam
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.28 Å, b = 13.35 Å, c = 9.02 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.62 : 1 : 0.676
Unit Cell V:
997.05 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals rough, lath-shaped, flattened {010} and elongated [001]. Terminations not measurable.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000393 | Roweite | Moore P B, Araki T (1974) Roweite, Ca2Mn2(OH)4[B4O7(OH)2]: Its atomic arrangement American Mineralogist 59 60-65 |  | 1974 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.974 Å | (100) |
| 2.600 Å | (72) |
| 2.184 Å | (49) |
| 2.128 Å | (37) |
| 2.264 Å | (32) |
| 1.708 Å | (32) |
| 1.641 Å | (29) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Roweite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Narrow veinlet of almost pure roweite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National School of Mines, Paris, France.
Harvard University, Cambridge,Massachusetts, USA, 96252.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 105493, C6291.
Harvard University, Cambridge,Massachusetts, USA, 96252.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 105493, C6291.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Hydrothermal veinlets transversing Precambrian metamorphosed Zn-Mn-Fe orebody (Franklin, NJ).
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Berman, H., Gonyer, F.A. (1937) Roweite, a new mineral from Franklin, New Jersey. American Mineralogist: 22: 301-303.
Other Language Names for Roweite
Relationship of Roweite to other Species
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 60 photos of Roweite associated with Olshanskyite | Ca2[B3O3(OH)6](OH) · 3H2O |
| 31 photos of Roweite associated with Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 13 photos of Roweite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 8 photos of Roweite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 7 photos of Roweite associated with Johnbaumite | Ca5(AsO4)3(OH) |
| 2 photos of Roweite associated with Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| 1 photo of Roweite associated with Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| 1 photo of Roweite associated with Clinochrysotile | |
| 1 photo of Roweite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 1 photo of Roweite associated with Bultfonteinite | Ca2(HSiO4)F · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 6.DA.10 | Borax | Na2(B4O5)(OH)4 · 8H2O |
| 6.DA.15 | Tincalconite | Na2(B4O7) · 5H2O |
| 6.DA.20 | Hungchaoite | Mg(B4O7) · 9H2O |
| 6.DA.25 | Fedorovskite | Ca2Mg2B4O7(OH)6 |
| 6.DA.30 | Hydrochlorborite | Ca4B8O15Cl2 · 21H2O |
| 6.DA.35 | Uralborite | Ca2[B3O3(OH)5 · OB(OH)3] |
| 6.DA.40 | Borcarite | Ca4Mg(B4O6(OH)6)(CO3)2 |
| 6.DA.40 | Numanoite | Ca4Cu(B4O6(OH)6)(CO3)2 |
| 6.DA.60 | Fontarnauite | (Na,K)2(Sr,Ca) (SO4)[B5O8(OH)] · 2H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Perfectly soluble in dilute HCl, solution giving boron reaction with turmeric paper.
Fuses at 1 (candle flame) to a black glass.
Colors the flame faintly green. With boron flux a strong green (boron).
In closed tube turns brown, gives off water and after long heating melts to a glass.
Fuses at 1 (candle flame) to a black glass.
Colors the flame faintly green. With boron flux a strong green (boron).
In closed tube turns brown, gives off water and after long heating melts to a glass.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Roweite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3466.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Roweite
Reference List:
Berman, Harry, Gonyer, F. A. (1937) Roweite, a new mineral from Franklin, New Jersey. American Mineralogist, 22 (4) 301-303
Moore, Paul Brian, Araki, Takaharu (1974) Roweite, Ca2Mn2+2(OH)4[B4O7(OH)2]: Its atomic arrangement. American Mineralogist, 59 (1-2) 60-65
Aristarain, Lorenzo F., Erd, Richard C., Eberlein, and G. Donald (1974) Roweite from Franklin, New Jersey: A restudy. American Mineralogist, 59 (1-2) 66-70
Localities for Roweite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China | |
| Pristine Minerals +1 other reference |
Japan | |
| Ando et al. (2015) |
Russia | |
| Nikita Chukanov (IR- and EDS-analyses) +2 other references |
USA (TL) | |
| Berman et al. (1937) +2 other references |
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Shijiangshan mine, Hexigten Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, China