Salammoniac
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Salammoniac
Formula:
NH4Cl
Colour:
Colourless, White, sometimes yellow or brown.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
1 - 2
Specific Gravity:
1.532
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
From Greek, ÎŹÎ»Ï ÎŹÎŒÎŒÏÏ
ÎčαÎșÏÏ sals ammonikos, salt of Ammon, because of its early manufacture in Egypt. Sal ammoniac was early collected near the temple of Jupiter Ammon in ancient Egypt (now Libya).
CsCl structure type.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3507
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3507:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
114bb0f3-d26b-4376-8c19-4cf4d509a3c0
IMA Classification of Salammoniac
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
(NH4)Cl
Classification of Salammoniac
3.AA.25
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
9.1.3.1
9 : NORMAL HALIDES
1 : AX
9 : NORMAL HALIDES
1 : AX
8.1.7
8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
1 : Halides of the alkali metals and ammonium
8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
1 : Halides of the alkali metals and ammonium
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMAâCNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMAâCNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Sam | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Pronunciation of Salammoniac
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Salammoniac
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colourless, White, sometimes yellow or brown.
Hardness:
1 - 2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
Very Good
Imperfect on {111}.
Imperfect on {111}.
Parting:
Translation gliding with T{011}, t[001].
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
1.532 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.535 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Salammoniac
Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 1.639(1)
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Comments:
Weakly birefringent at times, especially after mechanical deformation.
Chemistry of Salammoniac
Mindat Formula:
NH4Cl
Elements listed:
CAS Registry number:
Crystallography of Salammoniac
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Cell Parameters:
a = 3.8756 Å
Unit Cell V:
58.21 Ă
Âł (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Crystals usually trapezohedral {112} modified by {113} at times; less commonly with gyroidal forms alone, or in combination. Dodecahedral; cubic (rare). Crystals often exhibit curved or stepped faces and may present a tetragnal or rhombohedral appearance due to suppression of faces and distortion. Skeletal or dendritic aggregates. Crusts or stalactitic masses; fibrous, earthy or mealy.
Twinning:
On {111}.
Comment:
Space Group: Pm3m (synthetic).
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Rotation
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009319 | Salammoniac | Sirdeshmukh D B, Deshpande V T (1970) X-ray measurement of the thermal expansion of ammonium chloride Acta Crystallographica A26 295-295 |  | 1970 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0009320 | Salammoniac | Sirdeshmukh D B, Deshpande V T (1970) X-ray measurement of the thermal expansion of ammonium chloride Acta Crystallographica A26 295-295 | | 1970 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0015628 | Salammoniac | Vainshtein B K (1956) Refinement of the structure of the group NH4 in the structure of ammonium chloride Trudy Instituta Kristallografii Akademiya Nauk SSSR 12 18-24 | 1956 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.740 Ă | (100) |
| 3.87 Ă | (25) |
| 1.582 Ă | (25) |
| 1.939 Ă | (8) |
| 1.733 Ă | (6) |
| 1.370 Ă | (6) |
| 1.225 Ă | (6) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
| 52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals | <0.4 |
| 53 : Other minerals with taphonomic origins | <0.4 |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Geological Setting:
Volcanic fumaroles; burning coal seams; guano deposits.
Synonyms of Salammoniac
Other Language Names for Salammoniac
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 17 photos of Salammoniac associated with Sulphur | S8 |
| 11 photos of Salammoniac associated with Lecontite | (NH4,K)NaSO4 · 2H2O |
| 7 photos of Salammoniac associated with Joanneumite | Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2 |
| 5 photos of Salammoniac associated with Natroxalate | Na2(C2O4) |
| 3 photos of Salammoniac associated with Möhnite | (NH4)K2Na(SO4)2 |
| 3 photos of Salammoniac associated with Scoria | |
| 3 photos of Salammoniac associated with Nitratine | NaNO3 |
| 3 photos of Salammoniac associated with Anthracite | |
| 3 photos of Salammoniac associated with Realgar | As4S4 |
| 3 photos of Salammoniac associated with Triazolite | NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3 · 4H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 3.AA. | Brontesite | (NH4)3PbCl5 |
| 3.AA.05 | Marshite | CuI |
| 3.AA.05 | Miersite | (Ag,Cu)I |
| 3.AA.05 | Nantokite | CuCl |
| 3.AA.05 | UM1999-11:I:CuS | Cu(I,S) |
| 3.AA.10 | Iodargyrite | AgI |
| 3.AA.10 | Tocornalite | (Ag,Hg)I |
| 3.AA.15 | Bromargyrite | AgBr |
| 3.AA.15 | Chlorargyrite | AgCl |
| 3.AA.20 | Carobbiite | KF |
| 3.AA.20 | Griceite | LiF |
| 3.AA.20 | Halite | NaCl |
| 3.AA.20 | Sylvite | KCl |
| 3.AA.20 | Villiaumite | NaF |
| 3.AA.25 | UM1998-03-Cl:Tl | TlCl |
| 3.AA.25 | Lafossaite | Tl(Cl,Br) |
| 3.AA.25 | Nataliyamalikite | TlI |
| 3.AA.30 | Calomel | [Hg2]2+Cl2 |
| 3.AA.30 | Kuzminite | [Hg2]2+(Br,Cl)2 |
| 3.AA.30 | Moschelite | [Hg2]2+I2 |
| 3.AA.35 | Neighborite | NaMgF3 |
| 3.AA.35 | Parascandolaite | KMgF3 |
| 3.AA.40 | Chlorocalcite | KCaCl3 |
| 3.AA.40 | Javorieite | KFeCl3 |
| 3.AA.45 | Kolarite | PbTeCl2 |
| 3.AA.50 | Radhakrishnaite | PbTe3(Cl,S)2 |
| 3.AA.55 | Challacolloite | KPb2Cl5 |
| 3.AA.60 | Hephaistosite | TlPb2Cl5 |
| 3.AA.90 | Pseudocotunnite | K2PbCl4 |
Other Information
Notes:
Water Soluble
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Salammoniac
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3507.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Salammoniac
Localities for Salammoniac
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| FREYN (1906) |
| FREYN (1906) | |
| Exel (1993) |
| Exel (1993) |
Belgium | |
| www.strahlen.org/vp/be/eisden/eisden.htm |
| BelliĂšre (1930) +2 other references |
| BelliĂšre (1930) +1 other reference |
| Rui Nunes collection +2 other references |
| BelliĂšre (1930) +1 other reference |
| Hatert et al. (2002) |
| Forir (1881) +2 other references |
| Hatert et al. (2002) | |
| Cocheteux (1886) +2 other references |
Chile | |
| e-rocks.com (2022) |
| www.mindat.org (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) | |
| collected by Reynaldo Contreira +1 other reference |
| forum.amiminerals.org (2016) | |
China | |
| Stracher et al. (2005) |
| Kuenzer et al. (2007) |
| Kuenzer et al. (2007) | |
Costa Rica | |
| Stoiber et al. (1974) |
Czech Republic | |
| Zacek et al. (1995) |
| "Dan Costian" Collection +3 other references |
| HarapĂĄt |
| ĆœĂĄÄek et al. (1998) |
| Dalibor MatĂœsek |
| Dalibor MatĂœsek | |
| HrĆĄelovĂĄ et al. (2013) |
| KruƄa T. (1944) |
| VarilovĂĄ et al. (2011) |
| BouĆĄka |
Ecuador | |
| On exhibit at et al. (Instituto Geologico y Minero de España) |
France | |
| "Les minéraux et al. (1977) |
| Gonnard F. (1906) |
| Laurent (1995) |
| Laurent (1995) |
| Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien" (Mulhouse) |
| OLLIC Pascal Collection |
| Naze-Nancy Masalehdani et al. (2009) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| |
| www.pangeaminerals.com (2005) |
Germany | |
| |
| Andreas Gerstenberg collection |
| BlaĂ et al. (1993) +1 other reference |
| Vertacnik (1983) +1 other reference |
| Ramdohr |
| Richard Dale Collection |
| T. Witzke (1996) |
| www.strahlen.org (n.d.) +5 other references |
| P Haas collection |
| T. Witzke & F. RĂŒger: Lapis 1998 (7/8) |
Hungary | |
| |
| Csaba Papp specimen | |
| Koller G.Own found. |
| SzakĂĄll et al. (2005) |
| SzakĂĄll et al. (1996) |
| SzakĂĄll et al. (1996) |
| SzakĂĄll & JĂĄnosi. Minerals of Hungary |
| SzakĂĄll-JĂĄnosi: Minerals of Hungary |
Iceland | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Mitolo et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
Indonesia | |
| Symonds (1993) |
| Bonifazi Marco Collection |
Italy | |
| Russo (2004) |
| Russo et al. (2017) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Pelloux (1927) +2 other references | |
| AA. VV. +1 other reference |
| AA. VV. +6 other references |
| Jervis (1881) +1 other reference |
| Spallanzani (1792) +3 other references |
| JERVIS G. (1873) | |
| Panichi (1914) | |
Japan | |
| Shimobayashi et al. (2011) |
Kenya | |
| Bowell et al. (1996) |
Mexico | |
| Transactions of the New York Academy of ... |
Netherlands | |
| De Wit et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
Nicaragua | |
| Stoiber et al. (1974) |
Norway | |
| Oftedahl (1929) +1 other reference |
Peru | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Poland | |
| WielogĂłrski Z. +1 other reference |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| FabiaĆska et al. (Poland) |
| Lukasz Kruszewski 2005: Minerals arising in cause of underground fires of "Skalny" coal mine dump in Laziska (unpublished) +1 other reference |
| Parafiniuk et al. (2009) |
| Parafiniuk et al. (2009) |
| Lukasz Kruszewski (visual identification) |
| Ćukasz Kruszewski (2012) |
| Parafiniuk et al. (2009) |
| Kruszewski et al. (2018) |
Portugal | |
| Rui Nunes - Jan/2006 |
Russia | |
| Cesnokov et al. (1998) |
| |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180] | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data |
| Vergasova et al. (1977) +1 other reference |
South Africa | |
| International Journal of Coal Geology 72 (2007) |
| International Journal of Coal Geology 72 (2007) |
| Allan William Fraser collection |
Spain | |
| Agudo et al. (2014) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Tajikistan | |
| Karpenko et al. (2023) |
| Lukasz Kruszewski (PXRD, visual identification) |
| Lukasz Kruszewski (visual identification) |
| Belakovskiy D.I. (1990) +1 other reference | |
UK | |
| Hall (1868) |
| P D Trebilcock collection +2 other references |
Ukraine | |
| Pekov (1998) |
USA | |
| Kampf et al. (2019) |
| Galbraith (1959) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 193. +3 other references |
| Adams et al. (2014) |
| Adams et al. (2014) | |
| Rogers (1912) +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 193. +3 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 193. +3 other references | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Hower et al. (2013) |
| Stracher et al. (2009) |
| Richards et al. (2017) |
| Rocks & Minerals: 72 (4) |
| Rocks & Min. vol. 72 (1997) |
| |
| MRR#78 1980 +1 other reference |
| Perkins et al. (1904) |
| Rye et al. (2003) |
Venezuela | |
| Journal of South American Earth ... |
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