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Sapphire

A variety of Corundum
This page kindly sponsored by Hobart M. King
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About SapphireHide

Formula:
Al2O3
A variety of Corundum

Most commonly refers to a blue gem variety of corundum, but other coloured varieties of corundum are also described as sapphire, except red corundum, which is better known as Ruby.

The dehydration of diaspore in corundum occurs between 525 and 550 °C, whereas goethite transforms to hematite between 300 and 325 °C. As both diaspore and goethite may be present as inclusions in rubies, sapphires, and other corundum varieties (e.g., pink sapphires, padparadscha), these dehydration reactions and phase transformations can be considered important criteria to separate unheated from heated stones, specifically in cases in which other methods (e.g., microscopy, FTIR) are unsuccessful.




Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3529 (as Sapphire)
1136 (as Corundum)
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3529:9 (as Sapphire)
mindat:1:1:1136:1 (as Corundum)
GUID
(UUID V4):
d0a23d31-c773-4ac3-ba49-cd702c4cbdae (as Sapphire)
96dfb345-a230-4fb2-a2ba-f50c48aa5c2c (as Corundum)

Pronunciation of SapphireHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Chemistry of SapphireHide

Mindat Formula:
Al2O3

Synonyms of SapphireHide

Other Language Names for SapphireHide

Arabic:Jacut
Basque:Zafiro
Bulgarian:Сапфир
Czech:Safír
Danish:Safir
Dutch:Saffier
Esperanto:Safiro
Estonian:Safiir
Finnish:Safiiri
French:Saphir
Hebrew:ספיר
Indonesian:Safir
Italian:Zaffiro
Latin:Sapphirus
Carbunculus (in part)
Latvian:Safīrs
Lithuanian:Safyras
Norwegian:Safir
Polish:Szafir
Portuguese:Safira
Romanian:Safir
Russian:Сапфир
Simplified Chinese:蓝宝石
Slovak:Zafír
Slovenian:Safir
Swedish:Safir
Turkish:Safir
Ukrainian:Сапфір
Vietnamese:Xa-phia

Varieties of SapphireHide

"Kashmir" Sapphire"Kashmir" sapphire is a trade term for the sapphire of violetish blue to pure blue hue with strong to vivid saturation and medium-dark tone. The stones have a velvety lustre due to minute inclusions. The colour is also known as "cornflower blue". "Kashmir...
Asteriated SapphireA variety of Sapphire exhibiting the property of asterism.
Cat SapphireOriental sapphires of some value but not of the characteristic colour.
PadparadschaA salmon-pink coloured gem sapphire.

It is GIA's opinion that this color range should be limited to light to medium tones of pinkish orange to orange-pink hues. Lacking delicacy, the dark brownish orange or even medium brownish orange tones of corundum ...
Star SapphireA variety of sapphire that exhibits a star pattern when viewed down the c axis. The chatoyance is due to oriented microscopic inclusions (nanorods) of diaspore (Nadin, 2007).

The Star of India is the largest star sapphire in the world (563 carats or 113 ...

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
31 photos of Sapphire associated with RubyAl2O3
28 photos of Sapphire associated with CorundumAl2O3
13 photos of Sapphire associated with BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
12 photos of Sapphire associated with MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
11 photos of Sapphire associated with Mica Group
10 photos of Sapphire associated with ZirconZr(SiO4)
10 photos of Sapphire associated with CalciteCaCO3
9 photos of Sapphire associated with DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
9 photos of Sapphire associated with Feldspar Group
9 photos of Sapphire associated with QuartzSiO2

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for SapphireHide

References for SapphireHide

Reference List:

Localities for SapphireHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan
 
  • Badakhshan
    • Ishkashim District
Orris et al. (2002)
TVM Specimen - A number of these ...
    • Yamgan District
Moore et al. (2014)
  • Kabul
    • Surobi District
Orris et al. (2002)
Antarctica
 
  • Eastern Antarctica
    • Queen Maud Land
      • Lützow-Holm Bay
Kawakami et al. (2008)
Argentina
 
  • Jujuy Province
    • Rinconada Department
Zappettini (1999)
Ian Graham et al. (2018)
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Arrawatta Co.
      • Frazers Creek
Brown R.E. (1997)
      • Nullamanna
R.E Brown and W.J Stroud
      • Sapphire
R.E Brown and W.J Stroud
    • Buccleuch Co.
Gilligan (1975)
    • Buller Co.
      • Wilsons Downfall
Henley et al. (2001)
Brown et al. (2001)
Brown et al. (2001)
Brown et al. (2001)
Brown et al. (2001)
    • Clarke Co.
Gilligan et al. (1992)
      • Oban
Gilligan et al. (1992)
      • Round Mountain
Gilligan et al. (1992)
Gilligan et al. (1992)
      • Yooroonah
Gilligan et al. (1992)
    • Clive Co.
      • Binghi
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
      • Gibraltar Range National Park
Henley et al. (2001)
      • Glen Elgin
Henley et al. (2001)
      • Silent Grove
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
    • Fitzroy Co.
Gilligan et al. (1992)
    • Gloucester Co.
      • Barrington Tops
    • Gough Co.
      • Apple Tree Gully
Brown et al. (1997)
      • Bald Nob
Henley et al. (2001)
Duggan +4 other references
      • Dundee
Henley et al. (2001)
      • Elsmore
Brown et al. (1997)
      • Emmaville
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Department of Mineral Resources et al. (booklet) +1 other reference
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
      • Glencoe
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Webb et al. (1998)
Henley et al. (2001)
      • Paradise Creek
R.E Brown and W.J Stroud
Henley et al. (2001)
      • Stannifer
R.E Brown and W.J Stroud
      • Swan Brook
R.E Brown and W.J Stroud
      • Wellingrove
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
Henley et al. (2001)
    • Hardinge Co.
Brown et al. (1992)
Brown et al. (1992)
Brown et al. (1992)
Brown et al. (1992)
Brown et al. (1992)
      • Tingha
Brown et al. (1997)
Brown et al. (1997)
      • Wandsworth
Gilligan et al. (1992)
Gilligan et al. (1992)
      • Yarrowyck
Brown et al. (1992)
    • Hume Co.
      • Corowa
Wagga Wagga Mine Data Sheets
    • Inglis Co.
      • Watsons Creek
Brown et al. (1992)
    • King Co.
      • Crookwell
Felton E. Anne (1975)
    • Murchison Co.
      • Bingara
Buchester K.J. (1972)
    • Nandewar Co.
      • Narrabri
Brown et al. (1992)
    • Roxburgh Co.
      • Capertee
Sydney 1:500
    • Sandon Co.
      • Armidale Gully
Gilligan et al. (1992)
      • Gara Dam
Gilligan et al. (1992)
    • Selwyn Co.
      • Tumbarumba
Wagga Wagga Mine Data Sheets
Wagga Wagga Mine Data Sheets
    • Wellington Co.
      • Mudgee
Sutherland et al. (2003)
    • Westmoreland Co.
Jerry
  • Northern Territory
    • Central Desert Region
[MinRec 11:271]
        • Ambalindum Station
          • Spriggs Creek Bore (Spriggs Bore)
R Bottrill
gemexplorer.org (n.d.)
    • Central Highlands Region
Sankey (1907) +2 other references
- (n.d.)
...
www.dme.qld.gov.au (n.d.)
Veevers et al. (1964) +2 other references
Raffan (2018)
    • Etheridge Shire
www.corunduminium.com (n.d.)
    • Tablelands Region
      • Kinrara National Park
Sutherland
On the topaz trail. P. O’Brien
  • South Australia
    • Flinders Ranges
      • North Flinders Ranges
        • Arkaroola Region (Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary; Arkaroola Station)
          • Mt Painter area
Coats R.P.et al.1971
    • Mt Lofty Ranges
      • South Mt Lofty Ranges (Adelaide Hills)
        • Williamstown
Barossa SI5409 6628I Record of mines - ...
  • Tasmania
    • Break O'Day municipality
Bottrill et al. (2008)
Bottrill et al. (2008)
    • Derwent Valley municipality
Bottrill & Baker in prep +1 other reference
    • Dorset municipality
Bottrill et al. (2008)
Sorrell (n.d.)
      • Moorina
R Bottrill collection
Bottrill et al. (2008)
Bottrill et al. (2008)
    • Glamorgan Spring Bay municipality
Bottrill et al. (2008)
    • Waratah-Wynyard municipality
Anderson (1905)
Sutherland +1 other reference
  • Victoria
    • Cardinia Shire
Birch et al. (1997)
Toby Billing
GHF Ulrich (1870)
    • City of Greater Geelong
      • Anakie
Judy Rowe collection
    • East Gippsland Shire
    • Mornington Peninsula Shire
W D Birch and D A Henry
    • Northern Grampians Shire
      • Carapooee
W.D.Birch in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences (2007) +1 other reference
    • Pyrenees Shire
      • Amphitheatre
    • Rural City of Wangaratta
      • Eldorado
Dunn et al. (1913)
  • Western Australia
    • Carnarvon Shire
      • Williambury Station
Fetherston et al. (2013)
    • Cue Shire
Marshall et al. (2016)
Groat et al. (2008)
Fetherston et al. (2013)
Austria
 
  • Lower Austria
    • Krems-Land District
      • Gföhl
        • Felling
Harald Schillhammer collection
  • Upper Austria
    • Urfahr-Umgebung District
      • Ottensheim
Gerhard Brandstetter
Brazil
 
  • Bahia
    • Canudos
Sauer (1982)
Sauer (1982)
  • Ceará
Rafael Hernandes Corrêa-Silva.
Martins da Pedra collection
Sauer (1982)
  • Minas Gerais
Sauer (1982)
Sauer (1982)
Sauer (1982)
Sauer (1982)
Cambodia
 
  • Battambang Province
    • Samlot field
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1993)
  • Koh Kong Province
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1993)
  • Mondulkiri Province
Eldridge M. Moores (1997)
  • Pailin Province
Gübelin et al. (1976) +4 other references
Rocks & Min.: 20:467.
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
Concise Field Report Volume 1: Pailin (Dec 2008 – Feb 2009)
www.gia.edu (n.d.)
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1993)
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1993)
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1993)
  • Ratanakiri Province
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1993)
Cameroon
 
  • Southwest Region
    • Manyu
      • Eyumodjock
Kanouo et al. (2012)
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Revelstoke Mining Division
Montgomery (n.d.)
    • Slocan Mining Division
Minfile 082FNW259
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
www.alpinegems.net
www.alpinegems.net
    • Great Slave Lake
      • Outpost Island
Ann P Sabina (1964)
  • Nunavut
    • Qikiqtaaluk Region
      • Baffin Island
        • Kimmirut (Lake Harbour)
www.gia.edu (2006) +1 other reference
Belley et al. (2020)
  • Ontario
162-165. +2 other references
    • Hastings County
      • Town of Bancroft
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
          • York River area
Geology Ontario MNDMF MDI File ...
    • Peterborough County
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
  • Québec
    • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
      • La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM
        • Réservoir-Dozois
Olivier Langelier Collection
Chile
 
  • Atacama
    • Copiapó Province
      • Copiapó
Miranda-Díaz et al. (2022)
China
 
  • Fujian
    • Sanming
      • Mingxi County
        • Gaiyang
Qiu Zhili et al. (2005)
  • Hainan
    • Ding'an Co.
      • Penglai
Wang Denghong et al. (2000) +1 other reference
Giuliani et al. (2007)
  • Jiangsu
    • Nanjing
      • Luhe District
Kamitani et al. (2007)
  • Jilin
    • Jilin
      • Huadian City
Sun et al. (2023)
  • Shandong
    • Weifang
      • Changle County
        • Wutu
Natural History Museum Vienna ... +1 other reference
  • Tibet
    • Lhasa
      • Qüxü Co. (Qushui Co.)
Changbi Li (1991)
  • Xinjiang
    • Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Aketao Co. (Akto Co.; Aqto Co.)
        • Subashi (Subashen)
Yanling Tang (2005)
  • Zhejiang
    • Lishui
      • Qingtian County
        • Haikou
Xuanmin Zhu et al. (2001)
Colombia
 
  • Cauca Department
    • Mercaderes
Sutherland et al. (2008)
Czech Republic
 
  • Hradec Králové Region
    • Trutnov District
      • Dolní Olešnice
        • Vestřev
Pasava et al. (2015)
  • Liberec Region
    • Jablonec nad Nisou District
      • Kořenov
        • Jizerka
Kotrlý
DR Congo
 
  • Ituri
    • Mambasa Territory
      • Mambasa
e-rocks.com (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Kasaï
Edwards (1917)
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Allier
      • Moulins
        • Neuvy
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Vichy
        • Saint-Didier-la-Forêt
          • Andelot River watershed
François Périnet
        • Varennes-sur-Allier
François Périnet collection
    • Cantal
      • Aurillac
        • Lascelle
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Vic-sur-Cère
          • Thiézac
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Mauriac
        • Beaulieu
Périnet (n.d.)
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Menet
Robin Fialip photo & specimen
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Salers
          • Anglards-de-Salers
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Saint-Flour
        • Roffiac
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Ségur-les-Villas
Périnet (n.d.)
    • Haute-Loire
      • Brioude
        • Cerzat
          • le Chambon
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Frugières-le-Pin
Servant (2010)
        • Mazeyrat-d'Allier
          • Saint-Eble
Périnet (n.d.)
PEGERE G. (1994)
        • Saint-Bérain
          • Chardassac
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Vergues
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Saint-Christophe-d'Allier
SIMONET C. (2000)
        • Saint-Ilpize
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Ribeyre
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Saint-Julien-des-Chazes
Périnet (n.d.) +1 other reference
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Saint-Privat-du-Dragon
          • Feneyrolles
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Siaugues-Sainte-Marie
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Plancheresse
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Vergonzac
Jean Brun collection
        • Vieille-Brioude
          • Champlong
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Vissac-Auteyrac
GONNARD F. (1910)
      • Le Puy-en-Velay
        • Blanzac
          • Azanières
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Le Moulin de Blanzac
François Périnet collection
        • Blavozy
GONNARD (1910)
        • Brives-Charensac
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Cayres
Gonnard (1910)
        • Ceyssac
GIROD
        • Chomelix
SIMONET C. (2000)
GONNARD (1910)
GONNARD (1910)
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Espaly-Saint-Marcel
GONNARD (1910)
Gonnard F (1910)
Heavy sands collected by Charles Nicolas
Belot (1978) +1 other reference
        • Le Brignon
PÉRICHAUD J.-J. (1986)
        • Le Puy-en-Velay
GONNARD (1910)
GONNARD (1910)
          • Le Riou
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Ours
Périnet (n.d.)
GONNARD (1910)
Jean Brun collection
        • Polignac
GONNARD (1910)
          • Chanceaux
Périnet (n.d.)
GONNARD (1910)
GONNARD (1910)
          • Rochelimagne
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Saint-Jean-de-Nay
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Cereix
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Saint-Jean-Lachalm
François Périnet collection
          • Séjallières
Collection François Périnet
        • Saint-Paulien
GONNARD (1910)
            • Cougeac
François Périnet collection
Jean Brun collection
        • Vals-près-le-Puy
Périnet (n.d.)
    • Loire
      • Montbrison
        • Saint-Just-Saint-Rambert
Personnaly collected by Matthias Diot
Personnaly collected by Matthias Diot
    • Puy-de-Dôme
      • Clermont-Ferrand
        • Aydat
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Billom
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Olloix
Gaétan Bouclet collecton
        • Saint-Sandoux
LACROIX A. (1894)
        • Saulzet-le-Froid
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Issoire
        • Aurières
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Avèze
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Chambon-sur-Lac
          • Voissière
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Gelles
          • La Miouze
collected by François Périnet
        • Issoire
Jean Brun collection
        • La Tour-d'Auvergne
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Labessette
          • La Vialolle
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Laqueuille
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Larodde
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Murol
          • Boissières
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Nébouzat
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Olby
          • Le Glavin
collected by François Périnet
F Périnet collection
        • Perpezat
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Jollère
Périnet (n.d.)
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Picherande
          • Chareire
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Singles
          • La Guinguette
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Vernines
          • Ribeyre
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Thiers
        • Dorat
Périnet (n.d.)
  • Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
    • Nièvre
      • Nevers
        • Avril-sur-Loire
          • La Prole
collected by Gaétan Bouclet and ...
        • Marzy
Gaétan Bouclet collection
    • Saône-et-Loire
      • Charolles
        • Saint-Aubin-sur-Loire
François Périnet collection
      • Gilly-sur-Loire
François Périnet collection
  • Brittany
    • Finistère
      • Brest
        • Plouarzel
          • Ruscumunoc
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Morlaix
        • Plourin-lès-Morlaix
Heavy sands collected by Marc Bassoulet ...
      • Quimper
        • Concarneau
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Névez
Périnet (n.d.)
    • Morbihan
      • Lorient
        • Guidel
          • Guidel-Plages
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Ploemeur
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Port-Louis
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Vannes
        • Penestin
Périnet (n.d.)
        • Questembert
          • Caden
Périnet (n.d.)
          • Sulniac
Périnet (n.d.)
  • Centre-Val de Loire
    • Cher
      • Saint-Amand-Montrond
        • Cours-les-Barres
François Périnet collection
        • Cuffy
          • Le Guétin
François Périnet collection
    • Eure-et-Loir
      • Chartres
        • Prasville
Gaétan Bouclet collection
    • Indre-et-Loire
      • Tours
        • Berthenay
collected by François Périnet.
    • Loir-et-Cher
      • Blois
        • Herbault
          • Chouzy-sur-Cisse
collected by François Périnet.
    • Loiret
      • Montargis
        • Gien
Périnet (n.d.)
      • Orléans
        • Beaugency
François Périnet collection +1 other reference
        • Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire
Périnet (n.d.)
  • Grand Est
    • Haut-Rhin
      • Mulhouse
        • Kembs
Périnet (n.d.)
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Charente-Maritime
      • Rochefort
        • Saint-Pierre-d'Oléron
          • Saint-Georges-d'Oléron
Périnet (n.d.)
    • Dordogne
      • Sarlat-la-Canéda
        • Journiac
Périnet (n.d.)
    • Pyrénées-Atlantiques
      • Oloron-Sainte-Marie
        • Aramits
Fauvain et al. (2010)
  • Occitanie
    • Hautes-Pyrénées
      • Argelès-Gazost
        • Saint-Pé-de-Bigorre
Périnet (n.d.)
    • Lozère
      • Mende
        • Grandrieu
SIMONET C. (2000)
    • Pyrénées-Orientales
      • Perpignan
        • Le Barcarès
          • Port-Barcarès
Heavy sands collected by Christian ...
Heavy sands collected by Christian ...
  • Pays de la Loire
    • Loire-Atlantique
      • Nantes
        • Le Pallet
Baret (1905) +1 other reference
      • Saint-Nazaire
        • Saint-Michel-Chef-Chef
Périnet (n.d.)
    • Vendée
      • Les Sables-d'Olonne
        • Bretignolles-sur-Mer
Jean-Marc Johannet collection
Périnet (n.d.)
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Bouches-du-Rhône
      • Aix-en-Provence
        • Peyrolles-en-Provence
Périnet F. (2018)
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Cham District
        • Waldmünchen
          • Herzogau
Weiß (1990)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Arnsberg
      • Siegen-Wittgenstein
        • Neunkirchen
          • Hohenseelbachskopf
Haege (1887)
    • Cologne
      • Rhein-Sieg-Kreis
        • Königswinter
Dechen (1852)
Dechen (1852)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Ahrweiler
      • Brohltal
        • Glees
Brauns
      • Remagen
        • Unkelbach
Dechen (1852)
    • Mayen-Koblenz
      • Mendig
        • Mendig
Collection of Bernd Ternes
      • Vordereifel
        • Ettringen
  • Schleswig-Holstein
    • Schleswig-Flensburg
      • Selk
Wittern (2001)
Greece
 
  • Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
    • Xanthi
      • Myki
Voudouris et al. (2019)
  • North Aegean
Karantoni et al. (2021)
  • South Aegean
    • Naxos
33-35 +2 other references
Voudouris et al. (2019)
Voudouris et al. (2019) +2 other references
Greenland
 
  • Sermersooq
    • Nuuk
      • Qeqertarsuatsiaat area
        • Aappaluttoq Ruby Occurrences
IDEX (2023)
Hungary
 
  • Pest County
    • Szob District
      • Márianosztra
Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei: Mineral ...
India
 
  • Jammu and Kashmir
    • Kishtwar district
      • Pádar
gemexplorer.org (n.d.)
  • Odisha
- (n.d.)
  • Tamil Nadu
Martins da Pedra collection
    • Tiruppur District
www.d4uweb.com (2010)
Indonesia
 
  • South Kalimantan Province
    • Banjar Regency
    • Riam Kanan
Monument et al. (anti-clockwise from top left)
Ireland
 
  • Leinster
    • Wicklow County
      • Croghan Kinshela Mountain
Henwood (1871)
Israel
 
  • Haifa District
Howard Coopersmith
J. Hattingh (2019)
    • Mount Carmel
Griffin et al. (2016)
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Malesco
Roggiani (1969) +4 other references
  • Veneto
    • Vicenza Province
      • Lugo di Vicenza
Panebianco (1886-87) +3 other references
      • Valdagno
        • Novale
          • Contrada Rossati di Sotto
Boscardin M. et al. (1975) +1 other reference
Japan
 
  • Fukushima Prefecture
Introduction to Japanese Minerals (Geological Survey of Japan, 1970)
  • Gifu Prefecture
    • Nakatsugawa City
Geological Survey of Japan (1960)
Chishitsu Chousajo (1902)
Yamada (2004)
  • Iwate Prefecture
    • Ichinoseki City
      • Daitō
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
  • Nagano Prefecture
    • Kiso District
      • Nagiso
Chishitsu Chousajo (1902)
  • Nara Prefecture
    • Kashiba City
Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto)
Kenya
 
  • Isiolo County
    • Garba Tula
Simonet et al. (2004)
  • Taita-Taveta County
Kyrgyzstan
 
  • Naryn Region
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
Laos
 
  • Bokeo Province
    • Houayxay District
Sutherland et al. (2002) +2 other references
Madagascar
 
  • Alaotra-Mangoro
    • Ambatondrazaka District
      • Didy
Basel +1 other reference
Pardieu et al. (2017)
Pardieu et al. (2017)
Pardieu et al. (2017)
Pardieu et al. (2017)
Peretti et al. (2012)
    • Moramanga District
      • Beforona Commune
Giuliani et al. (2007)
  • Analanjirofo
    • Fenoarivo Atsinanana
      • Saranambana
Krebs +5 other references
  • Anosy
    • Amboasary Sud District
      • Maromby
Behier (1963)
Schwarz et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Wolfgang Hampel
Vanrusselt (2023)
    • Betroka District
      • Ianabinda
Giuliani et al. (2007)
Giuliani et al. (2007)
  • Atsimo-Andrefana
    • Betioky District
      • Bezaha
Rakotondrazafy et al. (2008)
  • Atsimo-Atsinanana
    • Midongy Atsimo
Pezzotta (2006)
  • Diana
    • Ambanja
      • Antsirabe
        • Antsahalapata Valley
Wolfgang Hampel (site visit 4 September 2011)
      • Djangoa Commune
        • Andamby
Wolfgang Hampel (site visit 28 August 2011)
    • Antsiranana II District
Schwarz et al. (2000)
  • Ihorombe
    • Ihosy District
      • Ilakaka
Schmetzer (1999)
Pardieu (2013)
Pardieu (2013)
www.gggems.com (n.d.)
      • Mahasoa
Giuliani et al. (2007)
      • Ranohira
Gem News.Gems & Gemmology 39 (3)
      • Sahambano
Giuliani et al. (2007)
      • Zazafotsy
Giuliani et al. (2007)
  • Vakinankaratra
    • Antsirabe II District
Rakotondrazafy et al. (2008)
      • Soanindrariny
Ungemach (1916)
Knut Edvard Larsen collection (Micro # 950)
    • Faratsiho
Behier (1963)
Malawi
 
  • Central Region
    • Ntcheu
Journal of Gemmology 2002 +3 other references
  • Southern Region
    • Mwanza
Mongolia
 
  • Arkhangai Province
    • Hangai highland
      • Tariat Volcanic Province
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Myanmar
 
  • Kachin State
    • Mohnyin District
      • Hpakant Township (Hpakan; Phakant; Phakan)
Themelis (2008) +1 other reference
    • Myitkyina District
Re-entry of old Mindat data
  • Mandalay Region
    • Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
www.ruby-sapphire.com (2000)
Mason (1976) +3 other references
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
          • Lay-tha Taung
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Harald Schillhammer collection
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
        • Kathé (Kathe)
Themelis (2008)
Halford-Watkins (1935b)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
        • Kin (Guard Post)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
        • Kyatpyin Central
          • Baw-lon-gyi (Big Ball)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
        • Kyatpyin North
Themelis (2008) +2 other references
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Gübelin et al. (1976)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Harlow et al. (2008) +1 other reference
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Harald Schillhammer collection
          • Yadanar-kaday-kadar
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
        • Marble Ark
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
          • Kyauk-poke (Rotten Stone)
[var: Star Sapphire] Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Gübelin et al. (1976)
          • Dattaw-taung (Dattaw hill)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008) +1 other reference
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
        • On-dan
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
          • Gaw-Ra-Khar village
Mine owner
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Themelis (2008)
Mine owner
      • Thabeikkyin Township (Tha Pate Kyin Township)
Themelis (2008)
  • Shan State
    • Kengtung District
The 1995 ICA World Gemstone Mining ...
    • Kyaukme District
      • Momeik Township
        • Lelgyi
Dr. Kyaw Khaing Win
Win et al. (2001)
    • Loilen District
Garnier et al. (2002) +1 other reference
    • Tachileik District
Themelis (2008)
Nepal
 
  • P3 Bagmati Pradesh
    • Dhading District
      • Ruby Valley
none
    • Rasuwa District
      • Parbati Kunda
Rob Lavinsky specimen
New Zealand
 
  • Otago Region
    • Clutha District
      • Milton
Sutherland et al. (2009)
    • Kakanui
crownminerals.med.govt.nz (n.d.)
  • Southland Region
    • Southland District
      • Orepuki
Local council Site Signage
  • West Coast Region
    • Grey District
Christie et al. (1993)
Nigeria
 
  • Kaduna
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
North Macedonia
 
  • Prilep Municipality
    • Prisad
      • Sivec Mountain
dan weinrich
Pakistan
 
  • Azad Jammu and Kashmir
imported from Neelum Valley
Dudley Blauwet (2004)
  • Gilgit-Baltistan
    • Astore District
Dudley Blauwet (2004)
    • Nagar District
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
      • Aliabad
Betts (n.d.)
Dudley Blauwet (2004)
Betts (n.d.)
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
  • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
    • Mansehra District
      • Kaghan valley
Aymeric Longi bought material from this locality + article in The Quaterly Journal of GIA (Winter 2004, Volume 40, Issue 4) +1 other reference
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Karkonosze County
      • Karpacz
Szełęg et al. (Karkonosze massif, Lower Silesia, Poland)
    • Legnica County
Lis et al. (1986)
    • Lwówek Śląski County
      • Gmina Lwówek Śląski
Lis et al. (1986)
      • Gmina Mirsk
        • Szklarska Poręba
Lis et al. (1986)
    • Złotoryja County
      • Gmina Złotoryja
Lis et al. (1986)
      • Złotoryja
Lis et al. (1986)
Portugal
 
  • Viana do Castelo
    • Ponte de Lima
Pedro Alves collection
Russia
 
  • Buryatia
    • Dzhida Basin
      • Zakamensk District
Kislov et al. (2022)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Ilmen Mountains
Sorokina et al. (2021)
Betts (n.d.) +1 other reference
    • Kaslinsky District
Filina et al. (2019)
Filina et al. (2019)
    • Miass
Sorokina et al. (2019)
Boris Z. Kantor collection
  • Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Buravleva et al. (2016)
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Yelizovsky District
Palyanova +3 other references
  • Khabarovsk Krai
    • Pravo-Sooliysk gold-bearing ore-placer cluster
Lavrik et al. (2020)
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Khibiny Massif
      • Kukisvumchorr Mt
Shlyukova Z.V. (1986)
  • Primorsky Krai
    • Krasnoarmeysky District
      • Roshchino
        • Kedrovaya river
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Rezhevsky District
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
    • Shilovka River
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
    • Sysertsky District
      • Dvurechensk
Ерохин Ю.В.
Rwanda
 
  • Western Province
    • Nyamasheke District
www.rmb.gov.rw (2021)
    • Rusizi District
www.rmb.gov.rw (2021)
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Rimavská Sobota District
      • Gemerský Jablonec
Ozdín (2017)
      • Hajnáčka
Uher P. et al. (2012)
Uher P. et al. (2012) +1 other reference
    • Žiar nad Hronom District
Koděra (1986)
    • Zvolen District
      • Breziny
Koděra (1986)
  • Prešov Region
    • Vranov nad Topľou District
      • Vechec
Ďuďa
Somaliland
 
  • Woqooyi Galbeed
Thomas R. Yager (2002)
Sri Lanka
 
  • North Central Province
Krebs +7 other references
    • Polonnaruwa District
LANKA (1984) +1 other reference
  • Sabaragamuwa Province
Gübelin et al. (1976) +1 other reference
Shigley et al. (2010)
Shigley et al. (2000)
Shigley et al. (2000)
Rob Lavinsky +1 other reference
Joseph A. Freilich. +1 other reference
  • Uva Province
    • Badulla District
      • Badulla
Rob Lavinsky +1 other reference
    • Monaragala District
Pardieu et al. (FEBRUARY–MARCH 2012) +1 other reference
Shigley et al. (2000) +1 other reference
G.R.Dharmaratne et al (2012)
      • Wellawaya
Rob Lavinsky
  • Western Province
    • Colombo District
Shigley et al. (2000)
Switzerland
 
  • Ticino
    • Leventina
      • Piumogna Valley
Gübelin et al. (1976)
Tajikistan
 
  • Gorno-Badakhshan
    • Murghob
      • Rangkul
Elena S. Sorokina et al. (2015)
Tanzania
 
  • Dodoma Region
    • Mpwapwa District
Schmetzer et al. (2009)
  • Manyara Region
www.ganoksin.com (2008)
  • Morogoro Region
    • Mahenge
Hintze (2011)
  • Rukwa Region
    • Sumbawanga District
USGS (2003)
USGS (2003)
  • Ruvuma Region
    • Mbinga District
The 1995 ICA World Gemstone Mining ...
    • Songea Urban District
USGS (2003) +1 other reference
    • Tunduru District
USGS (2003) +1 other reference
  • Tanga Region
    • Korogwe Rural District
Zwaan (1974) +2 other references
en.wikipedia.org (n.d.)
Thailand
 
Part II +6 other references
Gübelin et al. (1976)
Gübelin et al. (1976) +1 other reference
  • Kanchanaburi Province
    • Bo Phloi District
      • Bo Phloi
Limsuwan +3 other references
  • Phrae Province
Limtrakun et al. (2001)
Kievlenko et al. (2003)
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Ludgvan
        • Trencrom
Wilson (1975)
      • St Ives
        • Carbis Bay
Golley et al. (1995)
  • Scotland
    • Aberdeenshire
      • Rhynie
        • Lumsden
          • Clova
Wilson (1975)
    • Argyll and Bute
      • Isle of Mull
        • Bunessan
Day (1999)
N L. Bowen
Smith (1965)
    • Highland
      • Fort William and Ardnamurchan
        • Ardnamurchan
          • Kilchoan
    • Outer Hebrides
      • Isle of Lewis and Harris
        • Lewis
Jackson +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Alabama
Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis ...
Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis ...
  • California
Murdoch (1966)
    • Los Angeles County
Eaton
being a report of the California State ... +3 other references
    • Riverside County
      • Cahuilla Mining District
        • Little Cahuilla Mountain
Webb et al. (11-12)
      • San Jacinto Mountains
        • Soboba Hot Springs (Ritchey Hot Springs; White Sulphur Spring)
Murdoch et al. (4)
Murdoch et al. (4)
    • San Bernardino County
Eaton
  • Colorado
    • Chaffee County
      • Turret Mining District
Dana 6:1089 +2 other references
    • Moffat County
      • Great Divide Area
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Timberlake
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Connecticut
    • Fairfield County
      • Newtown
Former Ronald Januzzi collection +1 other reference
    • Litchfield County
      • Litchfield
Januzzi et al. (1976)
      • Roxbury
Januzzi (1994)
  • Georgia
    • Rabun County
      • Pine Mountain
- (1917)
  • Idaho
    • Clearwater County
      • Pierce City Mining District (Placer Mining District)
        • Pierce City
Dake (1956)
Dake (1956)
    • Valley County
      • Marble Creek Mining District
- (2005)
  • Indiana
Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis ...
  • Iowa
Paul J. Horick (1974)
  • Massachusetts
    • Hampshire County
      • Pelham
Emerson (1895)
Evans (1972) +1 other reference
    • Beaverhead County
Tony Nikischer and Luis Menezes
Jay Ellis Ransom
      • Orofino Mining District
        • Dry Cottonwood Creek
Mining Journal
    • Granite County
      • Rock Creek Mining District
Luetcke (n.d.)
USGS Bull 269
    • Judith Basin County
      • Little Belt Mountains
        • Yogo District
Pratt (1906) +2 other references
Gübelin et al. (1976)
U.S. BUR. MINES IC 7602
MONTANA BUREAU OF MINES & GEOLOGY ...
    • Lewis and Clark County
      • East Helena
        • Eldorado Bar
- (n.d.) +1 other reference
      • Helena Mining District (Spring Hill Mining District)
        • Helena area
Betts (n.d.)
Chris Tucker and John Betts specimens. +2 other references
Mike Royal specimen
    • Madison County
USGS Bull 269
    • Powell County
USGS Bull 269
Jay Ellis Ransom
      • Butte Mining District (Summit Valley Mining District)
Berg
  • New Mexico
Northrop et al. (1996)
  • New York
    • Otsego County
Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis ...
  • North Carolina
www.mcrocks.com
    • Buncombe County
Magma Field Trip Reports
    • Clay County
GEORGIA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Volume 56 ... +1 other reference
      • Elf School area
Streeter (2003)
    • Cleveland County
Agortino et al. (1985)
      • Franklinton
U.S Bureau of Mines (MAS/MILS)
Genth +1 other reference
      • Canton
Streeter (2003)
Richard James Jacquot +1 other reference
- (2005)
Ransom et al. (1974)
Wilson et al. (1978)
    • Lincoln County
    • Macon County
      • Alarka
U.S Bureau of Mines (MAS/MILS)
U.S Bureau of Mines
Wilson et al. (1978)
      • Cowee Valley
        • Ellijay Mining District
          • Franklin
USGS Bull 269
www.rosecreekmine.com (2005)
U.S Bureau of Mines
Wilson et al. (1978)
U.S Bureau of Mines
U.S Bureau of Mines
Wilson et al. (1978)
Wilson et al. (1978) +1 other reference
Wilson et al. (1978)
Wilson et al. (1978)
Wilson et al. (1978)
Wilson et al. (1978)
Wilson et al. (1978)
Wilson et al. (1978)
NCGS Information Circular 24 +1 other reference
Richard James Jacquot
  • South Carolina
Camilla K. McCauley (1964)
Earle Sloan (1908)
  • Utah
    • Sevier County
      • Koosharem
        • Pine Canyon
Bullock (1981)
  • Washington
    • Okanogan County
Cannon (1975)
  • Wyoming
    • Albany County
Rocks & Minerals 77:5 pp334-339
    • Fremont County
Rocks & Minerals 76:387
Vietnam
 
  • Bac Kan Province
    • Ba Bể District
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
    • Hàm Thuận Bắc District
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
"Mario Lazzerini Denchi" Collection
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Gems & Gemology (1995)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
  • Đắk Nông Province
Izokh +6 other references
  • Đồng Nai Province
P.I. Fedorov and A.V. Koloskov (2005)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Gems & Gemology (1995)
  • Nghệ An Province
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Shigley et al. (2010)
King (n.d.) +1 other reference
Kievlenko et al. (2003) +2 other references
Le Thi-Thu Huong et al. (2016)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004) +1 other reference
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004)
Pham Van Long et al. (2004) +1 other reference
    • Yên Bình District
Pham Van Long et al. (2004) +1 other reference
Zimbabwe
 
  • Manicaland
    • Buhera District
Cairncross (2004)
  • Mashonaland East
    • Mudzi District
Cairncross (2004)
  • Matabeleland South
    • Beitbridge District
Cairncross (2004)
  • Midlands
    • Gweru District
Rocks & Minerals (1955) +1 other reference
- (2011)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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