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Whitmoreite

A valid IMA mineral species
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00102570014952435957038.jpg
Whitmoreite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA
06097640017058821291617.jpg
Whitmoreite, etc.

Bell pit, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, USA
09190000017058639256499.jpg
Whitmoreite

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer County, South Dakota, USA
07040380014946339086931.jpg
Whitmoreite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA
03289240017056789687605.jpg
Whitmoreite, etc.

Bell pit, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, USA
09190000017058639256499.jpg
Whitmoreite

Tip Top Mine, Fourmile, Custer Mining District, Custer County, South Dakota, USA
00102570014952435957038.jpg
Whitmoreite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA
00222210017060422617572.jpg
Whitmoreite, etc.

Bell pit, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, USA
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About WhitmoreiteHide

08201160014948339598005.jpg
Bob Whitmore
Formula:
Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Colour:
Yellow-brown, green-brown
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
2.87
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Arthurite Group
Name:
Named in 1974 by Paul Brian Moore, Anthony Robert Kampf, and A. J. Irving in honor of Robert Whitmore [b. September 20, 1936 - May 7, 2011], mineral collector of Weare, New Hampshire (USA) and owner of the Palermo Pegmatite localities in Groton.
Isostructural with:
Bendadaite
Arthurite Group. The phosphate analogue of Bendadaite. The mineral ranges from golden-yellow to dark red-brown. The mineral is mostly found as open crystal sprays often with a central sphere-like nucleous and ordinarily lighter than the the sprays.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
4281
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4281:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
f4a44260-b5e6-4153-8659-01346c2589eb

IMA Classification of WhitmoreiteHide

Classification of WhitmoreiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
8.DC.15

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 1:1 and < 2:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.20.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.13.6

19 : Phosphates
13 : Phosphates of Fe alone

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
WhmIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
WhmWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371

Physical Properties of WhitmoreiteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Yellow-brown, green-brown
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Imperfect/Fair
Fair on {100}
Density:
2.87(1) g/cm3 (Measured)    2.85 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of WhitmoreiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.670 - 1.676 nβ = 1.712 - 1.725 nγ = 1.745 - 1.850
2V:
Measured: 60° to 65°, Calculated: 62°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.075 - 0.174
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
weak
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X=Y= light greenish brown to yellow
Z= dark greenish brown to yellowish green

Chemistry of WhitmoreiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
Elements listed:
Fe, H, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Mn

Crystallography of WhitmoreiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 10 Å, b = 9.73(2) Å, c = 5.471(8) Å
β = 93.8°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.028 : 1 : 0.562
Unit Cell V:
531.16 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Uncommon as pseudo-orthorhombic crystals, prismatic to acicular with chisel shape terminations. In fans, radiating sprays or balls. Observed forms include: a{100}, m{110}, s{011}, t{021}, and u{112}.
Twinning:
Common by reflection on {100}

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000411WhitmoreiteMoore P B, Kampf A R, Irving A J (1974) Whitmoreite, FeFe2(OH)2(H2O)4[PO4]2, a new species: Its description and atomic arrangement American Mineralogist 59 900-90519740293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
10.05 Å(10)
7.01 Å(7)
4.98 Å(7)
4.21 Å(7)
2.802 Å(7)
4.42 Å(6)
3.476 Å(5)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates]
Geological Setting:
Secondary mineral in complex zoned granitic pegmatites.

Type Occurrence of WhitmoreiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:
Acicular crystals with a length to width ratio of 5 to 10, and a length of 0.1 to 2.0 mm. The crystals form fans and sprays. Occasionally as isolated individuals. Typically occurs as a small spheric core from which small, thin crystals radiate.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 128069.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Pegmatite. Hydrothermal alteration of triphylite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
UshkoviteTriphyliteStrunziteSideriteMitridatite
LudlamiteLaueiteBeraunite
Reference:
Moore, P.B., Kampf, A.R. and Irving, A.J. (1974) Whitmoreite, Fe2+Fe3+2(OH)2(H2O)4[PO4]2, a new species: Its description and atomic arrangement. American Mineralogist: 59: 900-905.

Synonyms of WhitmoreiteHide

Other Language Names for WhitmoreiteHide

Relationship of Whitmoreite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Arthurite Group
Other Members of this group:
ArthuriteCuFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
BendadaiteFe2+Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
Cobaltarthurite(Co,Mg)Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
EarlshannoniteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
KunatiteCuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
OjuelaiteZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
UKI-2006-(PO:AlCuFeH)Fe2+Al3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
UM2006-27-PO:FeHZnZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
17 photos of Whitmoreite associated with RockbridgeiteFe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5
13 photos of Whitmoreite associated with BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4 · 6H2O
12 photos of Whitmoreite associated with StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
10 photos of Whitmoreite associated with MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
10 photos of Whitmoreite associated with FerristrunziteFe3+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
9 photos of Whitmoreite associated with StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
7 photos of Whitmoreite associated with StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
6 photos of Whitmoreite associated with LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
6 photos of Whitmoreite associated with QuartzSiO2
5 photos of Whitmoreite associated with PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DC.IanbruceiteZn2(AsO4)(OH) · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.CésarferreiraiteFe2+ Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.FerrivauxiteFe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.05NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DC.07EuchroiteCu2(AsO4)(OH) · 3H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
8.DC.10LegranditeZn2(AsO4)(OH) · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.12StrashimiriteCu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2OMon.
8.DC.15ArthuriteCuFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15EarlshannoniteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15OjuelaiteZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15Cobaltarthurite(Co,Mg)Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15BendadaiteFe2+Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15KunatiteCuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.15UM2006-27-PO:FeHZnZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
8.DC.15UKI-2006-(PO:AlCuFeH)Fe2+Al3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O
8.DC.17KleemaniteZnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
8.DC.20BermaniteMn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DC.20CoralloiteMn2+Mn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.20MagnesiobermaniteMgMn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2OMon. 2 : P21
8.DC.22KovdorskiteMg2(PO4)(OH) · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.25FerristrunziteFe3+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OTric.
8.DC.25FerrostrunziteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric.
8.DC.25MetavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.25MetavivianiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.25StrunziteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.25ZincostrunziteZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6.5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.27BerauniteFe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4 · 6H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DC.27TvrdýiteFe2+Fe3+2 Al3(PO4)4(OH)5(H2O)4 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DC.27ZincoberauniteZnFe3+5(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DC.30GordoniteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30LaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30MangangordoniteMn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30ParavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.30SigloiteFe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 7H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30UshkoviteMgFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30FerrolaueiteFe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30Kastningite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30MaghrebiteMgAl2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30NordgauiteMnAl2(PO4)2(F,OH)2 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30Kayrobertsonite[MnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2(H2O)4] · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.30KummeriteMn2+Fe3+Al(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.32TinticiteFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.32KamarizaiteFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.35VauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.37VantasseliteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2OOrth.
8.DC.40CacoxeniteFe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2OHex. 6/m : P63/m
8.DC.45Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2OTric.
8.DC.45Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2OTric. 1
8.DC.47KingiteAl3(PO4)2F2(OH) · 7H2OTric.
8.DC.50WavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH,F)3 · 5H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.DC.50AllanpringiteFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DC.50FluorwavelliteAl3(PO4)2(OH)2F · 5H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.DC.52KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DC.55MapimiteZn2Fe3+3(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 10H2OMon. m : Bm
8.DC.57OgdensburgiteCa2Fe3+4(Zn,Mn2+)(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 6H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmmm
8.DC.60Nevadaite(Cu2+,Al,V3+)6Al8(PO4)8F8(OH)2 · 22H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
8.DC.60CloncurryiteCu0.5(VO)0.5Al2(PO4)2F2 · 5H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DC.62KenngottiteMn2+3Fe3+4(PO4)4(OH)6(H2O)2 Mon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DC.67MolinelloiteCu(H2O)(OH)V4+O(V5+O4)Tric. 1 : P1
8.DC.70WhitecapsiteH16Fe2+5Fe3+14Sb3+6(AsO4)18O16 · 120H2OHex. 6/m : P63/m
8.DC.75HeimitePbCu2(AsO4)(OH)3 · 2H2OMon. 2/m
8.DC.80LedneviteCu[PO3(OH)] · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Fluorescence of WhitmoreiteHide

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for WhitmoreiteHide

References for WhitmoreiteHide

Localities for WhitmoreiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • Victoria
    • East Gippsland Shire
      • Omeo
Eagle et al. (2015)
          • Dorchap Dyke Swarm
Birch (2018)
Eagle et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Ryan Eagle
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Hainaut
      • Bernissart
        • Blaton
Van Tassel R. (1981) +7 other references
Brazil
 
  • Minas Gerais
    • Galiléia
      • Sapucaia do Norte
Baijot et al. (2012)
Czech Republic
 
  • Karlovy Vary Region
    • Cheb District
      • Aš
Breiter K.
    • Sokolov District
      • Krásno
Sejkora et al. (2006)
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Bory
Staně +4 other references
Staněk
France
 
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Haute-Vienne
      • Bellac
        • Razès
          • Chanteloube
            • Vilatte Quarries (La Vilate)
Hatert et al. (2020)
  • Occitanie
    • Ariège
      • Foix
        • Le Bosc
Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. ...
Inventaire mineralogique de l'Ariege (Editions BRGM 1984)
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Bavaria
      • Regen District
        • Zwiesel
          • Rabenstein
Weiß (1990)
    • Upper Palatinate
      • Neustadt an der Waldnaab District
        • Pleystein
Dill et al. (2009)
DILL et al. (2008) +1 other reference
        • Waidhaus
Dill et al. (2011)
www.berthold-weber.de (2001)
          • Reinhardsrieth
Harald G. Dill and Radek Skoda (2015)
Wittern (2001) +1 other reference
Italy
 
  • Lombardy
    • Lecco Province
      • Dorio
Vignola P. et al. (2011)
  • Trentino-Alto Adige (Trentino-South Tyrol)
    • Trento Province (Trentino)
      • Rabbi
        • Ceresè
Vignola et al. (2018)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Dzierżoniów County
      • Gmina Niemcza
        • Gilów
Pieczka A.
    • Świdnica County
      • Gmina Świdnica
Włodek et al. (2011)
        • Michałkowa pegmatites
Pieczka et al. (2015)
    • Wrocław County
      • Gmina Kobierzyce
Ł. Kruszewski PXRD & pXRF data (paper in preparation)
Portugal
 
  • Guarda
    • Gouveia
      • Folgosinho
Sergio Varvello collection
    • Sabugal
      • Bendada
Schnorrer-Köhler (1991)
Switzerland
 
  • Ticino
    • Locarno
      • Brissago
Stalder et al. (1998)
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Perranzabuloe
        • Perran Iron Lode (Great Perran Iron Lode)
Golley et al. (1995)
USA
 
  • Connecticut
    • Middlesex County
      • East Hampton (Chatham)
        • Cobalt
Rocks & Min.: 70:403 +1 other reference
  • Maine
    • Cumberland County
      • Baldwin
        • West Baldwin
Thompson et al. (2000)
    • Oxford County
      • Greenwood
        • Uncle Tom Mountain
      • Newry
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
King et al. (1994) +1 other reference
      • Paris
  • New Hampshire
    • Cheshire County
      • Alstead
Smith (2005) +1 other reference
      • Walpole
P. Cristofono et al. (2011)
    • Grafton County
      • Alexandria
Wilken (2006)
Wilken (2006)
      • Groton
Moore et al. (1974) +1 other reference
Rocks & Min. +2 other references
      • Orange
Thompson et al. (2022)
  • North Carolina
    • Cleveland County
      • Kings Mountain
Jason Smith collection
  • South Dakota
    • Custer County
      • Custer Mining District
        • Fourmile
Anthony et al. (2016)
    • Pennington County
      • Keystone Mining District
        • Glendale
Anthony et al. (2016)
        • Keystone
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