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Perthite

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Bumpus Quarry, Albany, Oxford Co., Maine, USA
© 2006 Peter Cristofono

Show Perthite Photos (4)
Name:Named for the nearby city of Perth in Ontario. The type locality is 6 miles (approx 9.5 km) southwest of Perth.


An intergrowth of albite or other plagioclase and orthoclase or microcline. The intergrowths or exsolution lamellae are visible as white lines coursing through the K feldspar groundmass.
Common in pegmatites.
Originally described from North Burgess, Drummond Township, Lanark Co., Ontario, Canada.

Classification of Perthite

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Other Names for Perthite

Synonyms:
Anperthite
Other Languages:
German:Anperthit
Perthit
Spanish:Anperthita
Perthita
Varieties:
Cryptoperthite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Perthite

Reference List:Bachinski, S.W. and Müller, G. (1971) Experimental determinations of the microcline-low albite solvus. Journal of Petrology: 12: 329-356.

Brown, W.L. and Parsons, I. (1984) The nature of potasssium feldspar, exsolution microtextures and development of dislocations as a function of composition in perthitic alkali feldspars. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 86: 335-341.

Worden, R.H., Walker, F.D.L., Parsons, I., and Brown, W.L. (1990) Development of microporosity, diffusion channels and deuteric coarsening in perthitic alkali feldspars. Contributions to Mineralogy and petrology: 104: 507-515.

Waldron, K.A., Lee, M.R., and Parsons, I. (1994) The microstructure of perthitic alkali feldspars revealed by hydrofluoric acid etching. Contributions to Mineralogy and petrology: 116: 360-364.

Lee, M.R. and Parsons, I. (1995) Microtextural controls of weathering of perthitic alkali feldspars. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta: 59: 4465-4488.

Internet Links for Perthite

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    Localities for Perthite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Enderby Land
    		http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_60995.
    Argentina
     
    • San Luis
      • Coronel Pringles Department
    Armenia
     
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Farnell Co.
        • Byjerkerno Parish
    		Lishmund, S.R., 1982. Non Metallic and Tin Deposits of the Broken Hill District. Geological Survey of New South Wales Bulletin No.28
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Lishmund, S.R. 1982. Non-Metallic and Tin Deposits of the Broken Hill District. Geological Survey of New South Wales Bulletin No. 28
    • Western Australia
      • Greenbushes Tinfield
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:616-635
    Austria
     
    • Lower Austria
      • Dunkelsteinerwald
        • Meidling im Tal
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1991, 3, pp. 323-342.
    Bolivia
     
    • Santa Cruz Department
      • Ñuflo de Chavez Province
        • La Bella
    		Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) Los Yacimientos Minerales y de Hidrocarburos de Bolivia. (Ministerio de Minas y Petroleo, La Paz)
    Brazil
     
    • Central-West Region
      • Goiás
        • Monte Alegre de Goiás
    		M. Abrahao Moura et al. , Revista Brasileira de Geociensas, June 2000, 30(2), pp. 270-273
    • North Region
      • Amazonas
        • Presidente Figueiredo
          • Pitinga mine
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    • Northeast Region
      • Rio Grande do Norte
        • Tenente Ananias
    		http://minerals.gps.caltech.edu/Brazil/icapui_to_mines/Mines/index.htm
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Doce valley
          • Governador Valadares
    		Rob Lavinsky specimen
        • Jequitinhonha valley
    		Carlos Barbosa specimen
          • Virgem da Lapa
    		Exceptional Minerals specimen
        • Serra do Salitre
        • Ubá
      • São Paulo
        • Ilhabela
          • São Sebastião island
    		33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session AMS-04 South American alkaline igneous complexes: Zircon and baddeleyite U-Pb dating (TIMS) of mesozoic alkaline rocks from the São Sebastião Island, southeastern Brazil
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Golden Mining Division
    		No reference listed
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:658-675
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Labrador
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mackenzie District
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/can.htm.
    • Nova Scotia
      • Halifax Co.
        • Halifax
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
        • Ship Harbour
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    • Ontario
      • Hastings Co.
        • Bancroft District
          • Monteagle Township
    		ref.: D.F. Hewitt (1954)
            • Hybla
    		No reference listed
      • Lanark Co.
        • Drummond Township
    		Steacy, H.R., Rose, E. R., Moyd, L. & Hogarth, D.D. (1982): Some classic Mineral Localities of Southeastern Ontario. Mineralogical Record 13: 197-203
    T.Thompson (1843) Phil. Mag. ser. 3, 22, 189
      • Parry Sound District
        • Henvey Township
    		Geological survey of canada misc report 39
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Corne
    		Sabina, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d\'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 168p.
      • Gatineau Co.
        • Wakefield Township
          • St-Pierre-de-Wakefield
    		Rocks & Min. 40(7):485-488.
      • Outaouais
        • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
          • Val-des-Monts
    		Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. (1974), 97, p. 501.; Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 12, pp. 298-298 (1974)
    • Saskatchewan
      • Athabasca Basin
        • Honsvall Lake
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1995, 7, pp. 1251-1272.
    China
     
    • Gansu (Ganzu) Province
      • Zhangye Prefecture
        • Shandan Co.
    		Dahlkamp, F.J., Ed. (2009): Uranium Deposits of the World. Springer (Berlin, Heidelberg), pp. 31-156.
    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
      • Baotou League
        • Baotou City
          • Wulashan Mining District
    		Econ Geol (1994) 89:1289-1305
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Bayin'gholin (Bayingolin; Bayinguoleng) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Ruoqiang (Qakilik; Chaqiliq) Co.
          • Yinggelisayi area
    		Zhang Anda, Liu Liang, Sun Yong, Chen Danling, Wang Yan, and Luo Jinhai (2004): Chinese Science Bulletin 49(23), 2527-2532.
      • Yili Hasake (Ili Kazakh) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Aletai (Altay) Prefecture
          • Qinghe (Qinggil; Chinggil) Co.
    		Ma Zhesheng, Shi Nicheng, and Ye Danian (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(5), 635-646.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Hrotovice
          • Biskupice
    		Čech, F.: O minerálu ze skupiny rutilu z lithného pegmatitu z Biskupic u Hrotovic. Časopis Moravského musea v Brně, Vědy přírodní, 1958, roč. 43, s. 55-58.
    Egypt
     
    • Red Sea Governorate
      • Eastern Desert
        • Marsa Alam
    		Helba, H., Trumbull, R.B., Morteani, G., Khalil, S.O., and Arslan, A. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 164-179.
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Southern Karelia
        • Wiborg
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    France
     
    • Limousin
      • Haute-Vienne
        • Compreignac
    		various added photos
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Ariège
        • Cauflens
          • Seix
            • Salau
    		Bull. Minéral. , 1987, 110, pp. 633-644.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Münchberg Metamorphic complex
          • Bad Berneck
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Arsuk
        • Arsuk Firth
    		Hodson, M.E., and Finch, A.A. (1997): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 127, 46-56.
      • Narsaq
        • Nunarssuit Island
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
        • Quagdlimiut
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    • Tunu (East Greenland) Province
      • Kangerlussuaq Firth
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    Hungary
     
    • Győr-Moson-Sopron Co.
      • Soproni Mts.
        • Kópháza
    		K. Török, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 917-925.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu region
        • Shizuoka prefecture
    		Alfredo Petrov specimens
        • Yamanashi prefecture
    		Alfredo Petrov specimens
      • Kinki region
        • Kyoto prefecture
          • Ohmiya town
            • Kobe
    		Sakurai et al. (1962): Thortveitite from Kobe, Omiya, Japan. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 35: 1775-1779
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
          • Kawamata
            • Iizaka (Iisaka) Village
    		Introduction to Japanese Minerals (Geological Survey of Japan, 1970)
    Nakajima & Kurosawa (2006), Canadian Mineralogist: 44: 33.
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Shimohei-gun
            • Iwaizumi
    		Omori, K. and Hasegawa, S. (1956) Chemical composition of perthite, ilmenite, allanite and pyroxmangite occurred in pegmatites of a vicinity of Iwaizmi Town, Iwate Prefecture. Sci. Rept. Tohoku University, Third Series: 5: 129-137.
    Kazakhstan
     
    Madagascar
     
    • Antananarivo Province
      • Analamanga Region
        • Ankazobe Pegmatite Field
          • Anjozorobe District
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, 19
      • Bongolava Region
        • Tsiroanomandidy District
          • Mahasolo Commune
    		Guigues, J. (1955): Etude des gisements de pegmatite de Madagascar (Deuxième partie). Travaux du Bureau Géologiques de Madagascar 67, Service Geologique, Tananarive, p
      • Itasy Region
        • Soavinandriana District
          • Mahavelona Commune
    		Besairie H. (1966): Les Gites Minéraux de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar, Tananarive, 34, 92p [p 390]
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ambatofinandrahana District
    		H.Besaire (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Ann.Geol.de Mad. XXXIV
    H.Besaire (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Ann.Geol.de Mad. XXXIV
    H.Besaire (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Ann.Geol.de Mad. XXXIV
      • Matsiatra Region
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ikalamavony District
            • Fitampito Commune
              • Andanoa
    		Besaire, H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar. XXXIV, p 66
        • Ikalamavony District
          • Ikalamavony Pegmatite Field
    		Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive. p 13
    • Mahajanga (Majunga) Province
      • Betsiboka Region
        • Tsaratanàna District
          • Berere Pegmatite Field
    		Besaire, H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Annales Geologique de Madagascar. Fascicule XXXIV. Tananarive p 60
    Besaire, H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Annales Geologique de Madagascar, Tananarive, Fascicule XXXIV, p 134
    Besaire, H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Annales Geologique de Madagascar, Tananarive, Fascicule XXXIV,p 134
    Besaire,H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Ann.Geol.Mad. XXXIV /
    Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive, p. 20
      • Boeny Region
        • Ambato-Boeni District
    		Besaire, H. (1966): Gites mineraux de Madagascar. Annales Geologique de Madagascar, Tananarive, Fascicule XXXIV, p 60
    • Toamasina (Tamatave) Province
      • Alaotra-Mangoro Region
        • Amparafaravola District
          • Amboavory Commune
            • Andilana North
    		Guigues, J. (1955): Etude des gisements de pegmatite de Madagascar (Deuxième partie). Travaux du Bureau Géologiques de Madagascar 67, Service Geologique, Tananarive, p 9-11
    • Tuléar (Toliara) Province
      • Anosy (Fort Dauphin) Region
        • Betroka District
    		[Madagascar - extraLapis English Vol 1 p.30]
    Malawi
     
    • Kasungu District
      • North Nyasa Alkaline Province
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Etiro
          • Etiro 50 farm
    		http://portal.unesco.org/es/file_download.php/520f77b01696f95e88bb9e1ab0e64196Gondwana+Park+draft2corr.pdf.
        • Okatjimukuju farm (Friedrichsfelde farm)
    		P. Keller and O. von Knorring, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 567-593.
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Kongsberg
        • Lake Mykle
          • Dammen
    		NGU Bulletin, 442, 2004, pp. 23-28.
    NGU Bulletin, 442, 2004, pp. 23-28.
    • Telemark
      • Kragerø
    		Andersen, O. (1924) Statsgeologenes innberetninger for 1923. I. Kragerø omegn. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 122. Årbok for 1923, p. 9- 18
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik
        • Hedrum
          • Lågendalen
    		[var: Cryptoperthite] Nordrum, F.S. (2001): Noen funn av mineraler i Norge 2000-2001. STEIN 28 (2): 13- 19
        • Stavern (Fredriksvärn)
          • Rakke
    		[var: Cryptoperthite] Nordrum, F.S. (2001): Noen funn av mineraler i Norge 2000-2001. STEIN 28 (2): 13- 19
        • Tjølling
          • Håkestad
    		[var: Cryptoperthite] Nordrum, F.S. (2001): Noen funn av mineraler i Norge 2000-2001. STEIN 28 (2): 13- 19
          • Ula
    		[var: Cryptoperthite]
      • Sandefjord
        • Østerøya
    		[var: Cryptoperthite] Berge, S. A. & Andersen, F. (2002): Mineralforekomster i Sandefjordområdet. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 20, 50-59
    Pakistan
     
    • Northern Areas
      • Baltistan
        • Skardu District
          • Haramosh Mts.
    		Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut)
    Peru
     
    • Ucayali Department
      • Coronel Portillo Province
    		Stewart, J.W. (1971) Neogene peralkaline igneous activity in eastern Peru. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 82, 2307-2312.
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Strzegom-Sobótka Massif
        • Świdnica District
    		J. Janeczek and M. Sachanbinski, Eur. Journ. Mineral. , 1992, 4, pp. 307-319.
    Romania
     
    • Harghita Co.
      • Ditrău
    		http://www.geol.vt.edu/research/gsrs/gsrs2005/Abstracts/afall%201115AM%20F.doc
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Ilmen Mts
    		[AmMin 85:1563]
    [AmMin 86:1535]
    South Africa
     
    • Northwest Province
    Surinam
     
    • Nickerie District
    		Am Min 61:3-4 pp 332-333
    Swaziland
     
    • Lubombo District
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:648-657
    Sweden
     
    • Skåne
      • Bromölla
        • Näsum
    		Swedish Nat.Musuem
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Hérens Valley
        • Thyon
    		C. Lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data).
    Thailand
     
    • Pathum Thani Province
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1993, 5, pp. 721-736.
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Buchan Grampian (Banffshire)
        • Cairngorm
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1967 36 : 60-63
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Coosa Co.
        • Rockford District
          • Two Bit pegmatite
    		Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    • Arizona
      • Mohave Co.
        • Cerbat Mts (Cerbat Range)
          • Kingman area
    		Olson, Jerry C. & Hinrichs (1960), USGS Bull. 1082-D, Beryl-bearing pegmatites in the Ruby Mt s & other areas of NV & NW AZ: 196.
          • Wallapai District
            • Kingman area
    		Olson, Jerry C. & Hinrichs (1960), USGS Bull. 1082-D, Beryl-bearing pegmatites in the Ruby Mts & other areas in NV & NW AZ: 194-196.
        • Hualapai (Hualpai) Mts
          • Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Area
    		Conway, C.M., et al (1990), USGS Bull. 1737-E: E8, E13-E19.
    • California
      • Alpine Co.
        • Lake Tahoe area
    		Geol. Soc. of America Bulletin, V 89, N 1, pp. 33-49.
      • Los Angeles Co.
        • San Gabriel Mts
          • Pacoima Canyon
    		Rocks & Minerals 30:5-6 pp237-246
      • Riverside Co.
        • Cahuilla District
          • Bautista Canyon
            • Andalusite Pegmatite Vicinity
    		Webb, R. W. 1942. Two Andalusite Pegmatites from Riverside County, California. The American Mineralogist. 28(11-12):581-593.
    Webb, R. W. 1942. Two Andalusite Pegmatites from Riverside County, California. The American Mineralogist. 28(11-12):581-593.
    Bernstein, D. 1996. Personal Communication with Scott L. Ritchie; Mineral Specimen Study (1990 Crown Jewel mine discovery description), Jan.
          • Juan Diego Flat
    		Laurano, A. F., Jr. 1991. Rainbow mine (Juan Diego) case files, 1988 thru 1991: unpublished.
        • Ivanpah Mts
          • Ivanpah District (Copper World District)
            • Ivanpah
      • San Diego Co.
        • Banner District
          • Rodriguez Canyon
    		Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 188.
        • Mesa Grande District
    		Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: pages 89-91; illus., maps.
          • Gem Hill
    		Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 100.
    Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 104.
    Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 390-396, photographs.
    Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 110.
    Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 113.
    Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 211.
        • Pala District
          • Chief Mountain
    		Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
            • Oceanview Mine (MS 6452; MS 6848; Ocean View)
    		Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
          • Hiriart Mountain (Heriart; Heriot; Hiriat Hill)
    		Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Rocks & Minerals: May, 1999.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
    Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.; Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 18-19.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: p. 14, 72 pp.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: p. 14, 24, 57-59, 72 pp.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: p. 14, 72 pp.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A, p. 14.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: pages 59-61.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A, pages 55-56.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A, page 57.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A; p. 14.
        • Ramona District
    		www.minsocam.org/MSA/Special/Pig/PIG_CQ/JPat_reply.pdf.
    San Diego Mining Company, 1995-1997.
        • Rincon District
    		Hanley, J. B. 1951. Economic Geology of the Rincon Pegmatites, San Diego County, California. Department of Natural Resources, California Division of Mines, Special Report 7B: p 23.
          • Rincon Mountain (Boucher Hill)
    		Hanley, J. B. 1951. Economic Geology of the Rincon Pegmatites, San Diego County, California. Department of Natural Resources, California Division of Mines, Special Report 7B: p. 23-24, illus., maps.
    Hanley, J. B. 1951. Economic Geology of the Rincon Pegmatites, San Diego County, California. Department of Natural Resources, California Division of Mines, Special Report 7B: p. 20-23, maps.
    Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 106, illus., maps.
    Rogers, A. F. 1910. Minerals From The Pegmatite Veins Of Rincon, San Diego Co., California. Columbia University School Of Mines Quarterly Journal Of Applied Science, Vol. 31 pp. 208-218.
        • Warner Springs District
    		San Diego Mining Company, 2007.
          • Chihuahua Valley
    		Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p 89., illus., maps.
          • Warner Springs
    		Rocks & Minerals, May-June 2003
    • Colorado
      • Chaffee Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Douglas Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Eagle Co.
        • Fulford District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • El Paso Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals (Sept. 2001)
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Jefferson Co.
        • South Platte Pegmatite District
    		Rare-Earth Pegmatites of the South Platte District, Colorado CGS Res Ser 11
    Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 29 (Table A-1).
      • Park and Teller Cos.
        • Crystal Peak area
    		Bull. Minéral. , 1984, 107, pp. 411-422.
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Redding
          • Branchville
    		AmMin 31:329-345 (1946)
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Portland
    		USGS Prof. Paper 255, 1954
    • Georgia
      • Elbert Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Hart Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Hartwell
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Jasper Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Lamar Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Monroe Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Spalding Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Troup Co.
        • La Grange
    		Rocks & Minerals 81:180-186
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Upson Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Thomaston
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Idaho
      • Lemhi Co.
        • North Fork - Shoup District
    		USGS Bull 988-H
    • Maine
      • Knox Co.
        • Appleton
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v1.
        • Washington
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v1.
      • Oxford Co.
        • Albany
    		P Cristofono collection
    King, V. (ed.), 2009, Maine feldspar, Families, and Feuds.
    King, V. (ed.), 2009, Maine feldspar, Families, and Feuds
        • Greenwood
    		P Cristofono collection
        • Rumford
    		Tim Blake, Lookout Mine Owner
        • Stoneham
    		AmMin 36:869-883 (1951)
    • Massachusetts
      • Bristol Co.
        • Dartmouth
    		Dale, T. N. (1910). Supplementary Notes on the Commercial Granites of New England (in Contributions to Economic Geology, USGS Bulletin 470).
    Dale, T. N. (1910). Supplementary Notes on the Commercial Granites of New England (in Contributions to Economic Geology, USGS Bulletin 470).
        • Fall River
    		Dale, T. N. (1910). Supplementary Notes on the Commercial Granites of New England (in Contributions to Economic Geology, USGS Bulletin 470).
    Dale, T. N. (1910). Supplementary Notes on the Commercial Granites of New England (in Contributions to Economic Geology, USGS Bulletin 470).
    Dale, T. N. (1910). Supplementary Notes on the Commercial Granites of New England (in Contributions to Economic Geology, USGS Bulletin 470).
      • Essex Co.
    		Dennen, W. H. 1992, Bedrock geologic map of the Gloucester and Rockport Quadrangles, Essex County, Massachusetts
        • Lynn
    		Dale, T. N. (1910). Supplementary Notes on the Commercial Granites of New England (in Contributions to Economic Geology, USGS Bulletin 470).
        • Lynnfield
    		Dale, T. N. (1910). Supplementary Notes on the Commercial Granites of New England (in Contributions to Economic Geology, USGS Bulletin 470).
      • Worcester Co.
        • Fitchburg
    		AmMin 20(1):1-24
    P Cristofono collection, 2008
    • Michigan
      • Jackson Co.
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Nevada
      • Elko Co.
    		NBMG Bull 106 Geology and Mineral Resources of Elko County, Nevada
        • Valley View District
    		NBMG Bull 106 Geology and Mineral Resources of Elko County, Nevada
    USGS Bulletin 1082-D: Beryl-bearing Pegmatites in the Ruby Mountains and other areas in Nevada and Northwestern Arizona (1960)
      • Washoe Co.
        • Stateline Peak District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
      • Carroll Co.
        • Conway
    		AmMin 12:307-319
        • Moultonborough
    		Woolley, A.R. (1987), Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World
      • Cheshire Co.
    		Meyers & Stewart, 1956. Geology of New Hampshire, part III.
        • Walpole
    		Page & Larrabee, 1962. Beryl Resources of NH (USGS Prof. Paper 353)
      • Grafton Co.
        • Alexandria
    		Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
        • Grafton
    		Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
        • Groton
    		Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Rocks & Min. (Sept/Oct 1981); Am. Min. 50 (1965), 713-717
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Rocks & Min., May 1999.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
    Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
        • Wentworth
    		Cameron, et. al. 1954. Pegmatite Investigations 1942-45 New England.
      • Rockingham Co.
        • Raymond
    		Francis, C. A. (1985): Minerals of the Chandler Mine, A Zoned Lithium Rich Pegmatite (Rocks and Minerals, 60:263-264)
      • Sullivan Co.
    		Meyers & Stewart, 1956. Geology of New Hampshire, part III.
    • New Mexico
      • Colfax Co.
    		[var: Cryptoperthite] Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Grant Co.
        • Gold Hill District
    		NMBMMR Bull 83 Mineral Deposits of Western Grant County, New Mexico
        • Hanover-Fierro District
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • McKinley Co.
        • Red Lake volcanic field
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Rio Arriba Co.
        • Ojo Caliente No. 1 District
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
        • Petaca District
          • Alamos area
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
          • Cribbenville area
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
          • Las Tablas
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Sierra Co.
        • Hillsboro District
    		[var: Cryptoperthite] Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • New York
      • Rockland Co.
        • Harriman State Park
    		Alfredo Petrov observation
      • St Lawrence Co.
        • De Kalb Township
          • De Kalb
    		New York State Museum Bull. 223,224, Newland, David H. (July-August 1919), The Mineral Resources of the State of New York: 75.
    • North Carolina
    		Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
      • Cabarrus Co.
        • Concord
    		Barbara A.Olsen,Harry Y.McSween.Jr,The America Mineralogist,Vol 68,pg 315-333,1983,Petrogenesis of the Concord gabbro-syenite complex,North Carolina
    Wilson,W.F and McKenzie,B.J,1978,Mineral Collecting Site in North Carolina, Information Circular 24
    Bureau of Mines-1995
    Bureau of Mines-1995
    Bureau of Mines-1995
    Bureau of Mines-1995
    Bureau of Mines-1995
    Bureau of MInes-1995
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
      • Cleveland Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Gaston Co.
    		Wilson,W.F and McKenzie, B.J , 1978, Mineral Collecting Sites In North Carolina, Information Circular 24
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
        • Cashiers
    		Wilson,w.F and McKenzie,B.J,1978,Mineral Collecting Sites in North Carolina,Information Circular 24
      • Lincoln Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Rockingham Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Rutherford Co.
        • Ellenboro
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Stokes Co.
    		Bureau of Mines-1995
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
    U.S Bureau of Mines, Sep, 1995
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
      • Yadkin Co.
    		Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
    • Oklahoma
      • Comanche Co.
        • Wichita Mts
    		J.D. Price et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 435-451.
    • Rhode Island
      • Bristol Co.
        • Bristol
      • Providence Co.
        • Johnston
          • Graniteville
      • Washington Co.
        • South Kingston
    		Museum of Natural History, Roger Williams Park, Providence, RI G4040 6249
    • South Carolina
      • Cherokee Co.
        • Gaffney Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    		U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    Am Min (1946), 31:192
    [MinRec 4:111, 4:131-136]
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
          • Fourmile
    		Mineralogical Record: 14: 195.
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 297
    • Texas
      • Culberson Co.
        • Van Horn Mts
    		BEG Min Res Circ 73
    BEG Min Res Circ 73
    BEG Min Res Circ 73
      • Hudspeth Co.
    		BEG Min Res Circ 73
      • Llano Co.
        • Bluffton
    		Am Min (1932) Volume 17, pages 381-390,
    • Utah
      • Grand Co.
        • La Sal Mts
          • North Mountain
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.
    • Vermont
      • Rutland Co.
        • Shrewsbury
    		Woolley (1987), Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World.
      • Windsor Co.
    		American Mineralogist 76:218-229, (1991).
    • Virginia
      • Amelia Co.
        • Amelia (Amelia Court House)
    		Rocks & Min.:60:165.
    Rocks & Min.:60:165.
      • Bedford Co.
        • Moneta-Forest
    		Rocks & Min.: 60:165.
          • Otter Hill
    		Rocks & Min.: 60:165.
    Rocks & Min.: 60: 165.
    Rocks & Min.: 60:65.
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
    Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974
    • Wisconsin
      • Marathon Co.
    		Rocks & Min.: 62: 190-193.
        • Wausau
          • Rib Mountain
    		Bull. Minéral. , 109, 1986, pp. 337-347.
    • Wyoming
      • Niobrara Co.
    		USGS Bull 1009A
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Harare District
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1959 32 : 87-89
    Mineral and/or Locality
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