Changbaiite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Changbaiite
Formula:
PbNb2O6
Colour:
Colorless, cream-white, pale brown, yellowish brown, pale yellowish green.
Lustre:
Adamantine, Pearly
Hardness:
5½
Specific Gravity:
6.48
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named for the Changbai Mountain Range, between China and North Korea, which includes the type locality for the mineral.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Changbaiite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
968
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:968:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
97844abf-9132-4e57-9a72-68a5ff0a83bb
IMA Classification of Changbaiite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1978
Classification of Changbaiite
4.DF.10
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
F : With large (+- medium-sized) cations; dimers and trimers of edgesharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
F : With large (+- medium-sized) cations; dimers and trimers of edgesharing octahedra
8.3.11.1
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
3 : AB2O6
8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
3 : AB2O6
18.1.24
18 : Niobates and Tantalates
1 : Niobates and tantalates containing neither rare earths nor U
18 : Niobates and Tantalates
1 : Niobates and tantalates containing neither rare earths nor U
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Chg | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Changbaiite
Adamantine, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colorless, cream-white, pale brown, yellowish brown, pale yellowish green.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=472 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{0001}, perfect; one rhombohedral, distinct.
{0001}, perfect; one rhombohedral, distinct.
Fracture:
Hackly, Conchoidal
Density:
6.48 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.51 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Changbaiite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 2.476 nε = 2.485
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.009
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Chemistry of Changbaiite
Mindat Formula:
PbNb2O6
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Changbaiite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m - Ditrigonal Pyramidal
Space Group:
R3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.51 Å, c = 11.55 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.099
Unit Cell V:
1,104.89 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
9
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0018892 | Changbaiite | Mahe R (1967) Etude structurale du metaniobate de plombe rhomboedrique II. - Positions des atomes Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France 1967 1879-1884 | 1967 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.100 Å | (10) |
3.028 Å | (9) |
1.760 Å | (6) |
2.160 Å | (5) |
1.621 Å | (5) |
1.919 Å | (4) |
1.745 Å | (3) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust | >4.4-3.0 |
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks | |
Near-surface Processes | |
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) |
Type Occurrence of Changbaiite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Tabular crystals or spherules, to 5 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
“Museum of Geology”, location unstated [Beijing, China]
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Detachment No. 8, Comprehensive Geological Brigade of Tonghua Region and the Laboratory of Petrology and Mineralogy Laboratory and Jilin Institute of Geological Science (1978): Changbaiite (PbNb2O6), a new mineral of lead and niobium from eastern Kirin, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 52(1), 53-62 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Other Language Names for Changbaiite
German:Changbaiit
Spanish:Changbaiita
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.DF.05 | Aeschynite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca,Fe,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 |
4.DF.05 | Aeschynite-(Nd) | (Nd,Ln,Ca)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 |
4.DF.05 | Aeschynite-(Y) | (Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 |
4.DF.05 | Nioboaeschynite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6 |
4.DF.05 | Nioboaeschynite-(Nd) | (Nd,Ce,Ca,Th)(Nb,Ti,Fe,Ta)2(O,OH)6 |
4.DF.05 | Nioboaeschynite-(Y) | (Y,REE,Ca,Th,Fe)(Nb,Ti,Ta)2(O,OH)6 |
4.DF.05 | Rynersonite | CaTa2O6 |
4.DF.05 | Tantalaeschynite-(Y) | Y(Ta,Ti,Nb)2O6 |
4.DF.05 | Vigezzite | (Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
4.DF.15 | Murataite-(Y) | (Y,Na)6Zn(Zn,Fe3+)4(Ti,Nb,Na)12O29(O,F,OH)10F4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Changbaiite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-968.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Changbaiite
Reference List:
Localities for Changbaiite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Canada | |
Miller (2021) | |
China (TL) | |
| Detachment No. 8 (1978) |
| Yan et al. (2018) |
Egypt | |
| Mahmoud et al. (2018) |
USA | |
| Am. Min. 74:865-869 (1989) |
O'Neill (2014) +1 other reference |
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