Chalcostibite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Chalcostibite
Formula:
CuSbS2
Colour:
Lead-gray, iron gray
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3 - 4
Specific Gravity:
4.9 - 5
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
From the Greek χαλκός (chalkos), copper, and στίβι (stibi), antimony in allusion to the composition.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
983
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:983:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
8271d27c-27a8-4555-adcd-0c3a8d4aaad3
IMA Classification of Chalcostibite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1835
Classification of Chalcostibite
2.HA.05
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
A : With Cu, Ag, Fe (without Pb)
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
A : With Cu, Ag, Fe (without Pb)
3.7.5.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
7 : ø = 2
3 : SULFOSALTS
7 : ø = 2
5.1.4
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
1 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Cu
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
1 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Ccsb | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Chalcostibite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Chalcostibite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Lead-gray, iron gray
Comment:
Occasional blue or green tarnish.
Streak:
black
Hardness:
3 - 4 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=226 - 279 - Vickers
Hardness Data:
Measured
Comment:
VHN on (010)
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{010} perfect; {001} and {100} less so.
{010} perfect; {001} and {100} less so.
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.9 - 5 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.011 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Chalcostibite
Anisotropism:
Observed
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 39.2% | 44.2% |
420nm | 39.3% | 45.3% |
440nm | 39.4% | 46.2% |
460nm | 39.4% | 47.0% |
480nm | 39.5% | 47.4% |
500nm | 39.5% | 47.0% |
520nm | 39.1% | 46.2% |
540nm | 38.2% | 44.4% |
560nm | 37.0% | 42.2% |
580nm | 36.1% | 40.7% |
600nm | 35.3% | 39.7% |
620nm | 34.7% | 38.9% |
640nm | 34.4% | 38.3% |
660nm | 34.2% | 38.0% |
680nm | 33.8% | 37.9% |
700nm | 33.4% | 37.9% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 47.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Feeble in air, somewhat stronger in oil.
Chemistry of Chalcostibite
Mindat Formula:
CuSbS2
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Pb,Fe,Zn
Crystallography of Chalcostibite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.02 Å, b = 14.49 Å, c = 3.79 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.415 : 1 : 0.262
Unit Cell V:
330.60 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Blade-shaped crystals, flattened {010}. Often elongated and striated [001]. Also massive.
Twinning:
Twinning on {104}, with compositional plane {104}.
Comment:
Non-standard space-group setting Pnam.
Crystallographic forms of Chalcostibite
Crystal Atlas:
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0003673 | Chalcostibite | Kyono A, Kimata M (2005) Crystal structures of chalcostibite (CuSbS2) and emplectite (CuBiS2): Structural relationship of stereochemical activity between chalcostibite and emplectite American Mineralogist 90 162-165 | 2005 | 0 | 293 | ||
0010509 | Chalcostibite | Hofmann W (1932) Strukturelle und morphologische zusammenhange bei erzen vom formeltyp ABC2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 84 177-203 | 1932 | 0 | 293 | ||
0014524 | Chalcostibite | Razmara M F, Henderson C M B, Pattrick R A D, Bell A M T, Charnock L M (1997) The crystal chemistry of the solid solution series between chalcostibite (CuSbS2) and emplectite (CuBiS2) Mineralogical Magazine 61 79-88 | 1997 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.13 Å | (100) |
3.00 Å | (90) |
1.762 Å | (50) |
2.31 Å | (40) |
1.831 Å | (40) |
2.12 Å | (30) |
1.895 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Geological Setting:
Hydrothermal veins.
Type Occurrence of Chalcostibite
Reference:
Zincken, C. (1835) Ueber den Kupfer-Antimonglanz, eine neue Mineralgattung. Mit einem Zusatz von G. Rose. Poggendorffs Annalen der Physik und Chemie: 35: 357-361.
Synonyms of Chalcostibite
Other Language Names for Chalcostibite
Russian:Халькостибит
Spanish:Chalcostibita
Guejarita
Guejarita
Relationship of Chalcostibite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Emplectite | CuBiS2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna |
Grundmannite | CuBiSe2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
Příbramite | CuSbSe2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
79 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
75 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
60 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
42 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Siderite | FeCO3 |
34 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
30 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
18 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
18 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Limonite | |
18 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
17 photos of Chalcostibite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.HA.05 | Emplectite | CuBiS2 |
2.HA.05 | Grundmannite | CuBiSe2 |
2.HA.05 | Hansblockite | (Cu,Hg)(Bi,Pb)Se2 |
2.HA.05 | Příbramite | CuSbSe2 |
2.HA.10 | Miargyrite | AgSbS2 |
2.HA.20 | Berthierite | FeSb2S4 |
2.HA.20 | Garavellite | FeSbBiS4 |
2.HA.20 | Clerite | MnSb2S4 |
2.HA.20 | Graţianite | MnBi2S4 |
2.HA.25 | Aramayoite | Ag3Sb2(Bi,Sb)S6 |
2.HA.25 | Baumstarkite | Ag3Sb3S6 |
2.HA.30 | Zhonghongite | Cu29(As,Sb)12S33 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chalcostibite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-983.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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Mineral Dealers:
References for Chalcostibite
Reference List:
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
Tatsuka, Kiyoaki, Morimoto, Nobuo (1977) Tetrahedrite stability relations in the Cu-Fe-Sb-S system. American Mineralogist, 62 (11-12) 1101-1109
Localities for Chalcostibite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| DE BRODTKORB +1 other reference |
Australia | |
| Ashley et al. (2000) |
| Lehrmann (2012) |
Austria | |
| Mali et al. (Österreich) |
Mali et al. (Österreich) | |
| Mali et al. (Österreich) |
Mali et al. (Österreich) | |
| Gold aus dem Schottenauer Graben +2 other references |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
J.Mörtl (1986) | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Haditsch (1967) |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
| Putz et al. (2007) |
Lapis 19 (7/8) | |
| Exel (1993) |
Exel (1993) | |
Grundmann (1973) | |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
Lapis 19 (7/8) | |
Arlt et al. (1994) | |
Azerbaijan | |
| - (2005) |
Bolivia | |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) |
| Ahlfeld (1955) |
Wilson (2001) | |
Wilson (2001) | |
XRD study Frank Keutsch +1 other reference | |
| Dana 7:I:435. |
| Dill (1998) |
| Gramaccioli +1 other reference |
| Wilson (2001) |
| Dana 7:I:435. |
Bulgaria | |
| Lips (2006) |
Canada | |
| Ingelson (1984) |
| Kaiman +3 other references |
| Lang (1952) |
Lang (1952) | |
Lang (1952) | |
| Lang (1952) |
Coleman (1953) | |
RIDLAND (1941) | |
Graham et al. (1952) | |
RIDLAND (1941) | |
| Welt (2020) |
| Kontak et al. (1996) |
| SABINA (1970) |
| Harris et al. (1988) |
Sabina (1991) | |
Mineralogical Magazine 1988 52 : 691-697 +2 other references | |
| Jébrak et al. (2017) |
| Robinson et al. (1996) |
| University of Toronto Studies +2 other references |
China | |
| Liu Jiajun et al. (2008) +2 other references |
| Zhang Guoxin (1996) |
| Yongke Chen et al. (2004) |
| Zhang et al. (2019) +1 other reference |
| Mei Zhang et al. (2011) |
| Zhang et al. (2022) +1 other reference |
| Hancheng Zhang et al. (2006) |
| Li et al. (2022) |
| Qingmin Jin et al. (1992) |
| Zheng et al. (2020) |
| Bin Lin et al. (2013) |
| Wang et al. (2023) |
| Bo Zheng et al. (2013) |
| Xinpei Jiang (1994) |
Czech Republic | |
| Škácha et al. (2015) |
Dominican Republic | |
| Kettler et al. (1992) |
Finland | |
| Borodaev (1) |
France | |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Pillard F. et al. (1985) +1 other reference |
| Y. Moëlo |
| Guitard (2010) |
| "La chalcostibite et la dadsonite de Saint Pons et al. (1979) |
| "La chalcostibite et la dadsonite de Saint Pons et al. (1979) |
Cervelle et al. (1979) +2 other references | |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Schmeltzer (1993) +2 other references |
| Weiß (1990) |
| DILL (1983) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Manfred Gross find & collection |
| Lapis (6) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Lapis 2001 (6) |
Mitteilungen der Pollichia (3) +1 other reference | |
| C. Zincken (1835) |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (1999) |
| Kanellopoulos et al. (2024) |
| Voudouris (2006) +1 other reference |
| Melfos +13 other references |
Greenland | |
| Petersen (2001) |
| Karup-Møller et al. (1974) +1 other reference |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya |
Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya | |
Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya | |
Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya | |
Iran | |
| Mehrabi et al. (2016) |
Italy | |
| Negretti +2 other references |
I minerali del Museo Archeominerario "Klitsche de la Grange"Allumiere (2000) | |
| Gianoli Ermanno +1 other reference |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
Maletto et al. (2013) | |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| AA. VV. |
| Orlandi et al. (2004) |
| Brizzi G. et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
Japan | |
| Kinichi Sakurai collection |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Pekov (1998) +2 other references |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
Luxembourg | |
| 43-45 +4 other references |
Mexico | |
| Panczner (1987) |
Mongolia | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Borisenko et al. (1999) |
Morocco | |
| Gramaccioli +1 other reference |
New Zealand | |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
Norway | |
| Ramdohr (1938) +1 other reference |
| Gjelle (1978) |
| Jøsang (1964) +1 other reference |
Peru | |
| B. Duval +1 other reference |
| Lewis Jr (1964) |
Portugal | |
| Mateus et al. (2005) |
| Gaspar (2002) |
| Mateus |
| Pedro Alves analytical data. |
Romania | |
| Huber et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Hyrsl (2001) |
Huber et al. (1996) | |
| Hyrsl (2001) |
Huber et al. (1996) | |
Russia | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
Pavlova et al. (2009) | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Borisenko et al. (1999) |
Pavlova et al. (2009) | |
Borisenko et al. (1999) +1 other reference | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Bortnikov et al. (2004) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Sidorov et al. (2009) |
| Nozhkin et al. (2011) |
| T. V. Zhuravkova et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| V. Yu. Fridovsky et al. (2014) |
| Gamyanin G.N. et al. (2001) |
| Bortnikov et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Gamyanin et al. (2015) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| American Mineralogist +4 other references |
| Borisenko et al. (1999) |
Senegal | |
| The Massawa gold deposit et al. (Trans. Inst. Min. Metall. B) |
Serbia | |
| Drovenik (1958) |
Slovakia | |
| Majzlan et al. (2015) |
| Koděra (1986) |
Hoppanová et al. (2023) | |
| Majzlan (1996) |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Čík Š. et al. (2020) |
| Maťo et al. (stredné Slovensko) |
| Bálintová T. et al. (Slovakia) |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Sejkora et al. (2011) |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Klimko et al. (2009) |
Koděra (1986) | |
Koděra (1986) | |
Pauliš P. | |
Koděra (1986) | |
| Peterec D. et al. (Košice) |
| Koděra (1986) +1 other reference |
| Peterec D. et al. (Košice) |
Koděra (1986) | |
Koděra (1986) | |
Andrusovová-Vlčeková G. & Chovan M. (chalkostibit-emplektit) | |
Koděra (1986) | |
Grecula P. ed. (1995) | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Mikuš T. et al. (2018) +1 other reference |
Števko M. (2022) | |
| Duda et. all. |
Ďuďa R. (2001) | |
| Hak et al. (1959) +2 other references |
| Števko M. (2021) |
| Sejkora J. et al. (2021) |
Bakoš | |
| |
Koděra (1986) | |
Slovenia | |
| Symposium OS05 (2001) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer et al. (4) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Calvo (2003) |
| Calvo (2003) |
| Calvo (2003) |
| Joan Abella i Creus (2008) |
Tajikistan | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
Tunisia | |
| Slim-Shimi et al. (1990) |
Ukraine | |
| [World of Stones 12:20] |
| Artemenko et al. (2000) |
USA | |
| Raymond (2018) |
| Schumer (2017) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Ream (2004) +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Bart Cannon RWMW specimen |
Cannon | |
Uzbekistan | |
| Kovalenker (2003) |
Anthony et al. (1990) +2 other references | |
Vietnam | |
| Nevolko et al. (2019) |
Nevolko et al. (2019) | |
Zimbabwe | |
| Bartholomew (1990) |
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Saint-Pons outcrops, Barcelonnette, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France