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Benleonardite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About BenleonarditeHide

04692950015420619204474.jpg
Benjamin F. Leonard III
Formula:
[Ag6(Sb,As)2S6Te][Ag9Cu(S,Te)2Te2]
Colour:
Dark grey, black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
7.76 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named in 1986 by Chris J. Stanley, Alan J. Criddle, and James E. Chisholm in honor of Dr. Benjamin Franklin Leonard III (12 May 1921 Dobbs Ferry, New York, USA - 5 Septermber 2008 McCall, Idaho, USA), mineralogist and geologist with the United States Geological Survey, Denver Colorado. He was a leading expert in ore microscopy. He discovered and described the new minerals paradocrasite and polhemusite, and co-authored descriptions of four other new minerals. The Eocene larch, Larix leonardii, is also named in his honor.
Chemically somewhat similar to stibiogoldfieldite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
817
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:817:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
0975b3bb-e036-49c7-9a01-61bbb7b06459

IMA Classification of BenleonarditeHide

Classification of BenleonarditeHide

2.LA.50

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
L : Unclassified Sulfosalts
A : Without essential Pb
3.1.10.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
5.2.23

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
BlnIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of BenleonarditeHide

Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Dark grey, black
Hardness:
Hardness:
VHN25=105 - 125 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
7.76 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of BenleonarditeHide

Anisotropism:
Moderate to strong in tints of brown, blue and grey
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1R2
400nm35.6% 36.8%
420nm35.7% 36.6%
440nm35.8% 36.2%
460nm35.7% 35.6%
480nm35.5% 34.9%
500nm35.1% 34.1%
520nm34.7% 33.2%
540nm34.1% 32.2%
560nm33.5% 31.4%
580nm32.9% 30.7%
600nm32.4% 30.0%
620nm32.0% 29.5%
640nm31.6% 29.1%
660nm31.4% 28.7%
680nm31.1% 28.4%
700nm30.8% 28.1%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 36.8%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Pale blue

Chemistry of BenleonarditeHide

Mindat Formula:
[Ag6(Sb,As)2S6Te][Ag9Cu(S,Te)2Te2]
Common Impurities:
Cu

Crystallography of BenleonarditeHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
P3m1
Setting:
P3m1
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.623(1) (Å)(5) Å, c = 12.708(1) (Å)(5) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.667
Unit Cell V:
639.5 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
Crusts and fracture fillings, grains and laths to 60 microns.

Twinning:
Some simple law

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
12.7 Å(70)
3.188 Å(30)
2.936 Å(100)
2.328 Å(20)
2.863 Å(25)
2.608 Å(35)
2.158 Å(35)
Comments:
Moctezuma mine, Mexico.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of BenleonarditeHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Thin black crusts
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
British Museum of Natural History, polished mount E.1161; BM 1985, 354.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Fractures in an intensely silicified rhyolitic vitrophyre.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Stanley, C.J., Criddle, A.J. and Chisholm, J.E. (1986) Benleonardite, a new mineral from the Bambolla mine, Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico. Mineralogical Magazine: 50: 681–686.

Synonyms of BenleonarditeHide

Other Language Names for BenleonarditeHide

Relationship of Benleonardite to other SpeciesHide

Other Members of this group:
ArgentopearceiteAg16As2S11Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
Argentopolybasite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9AgS4]Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
Argentopolybasite-T2acAg16Sb2S11Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
Cupropearceite[Cu6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
Cupropolybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]Trig. 3m : P3 1m
Pearceite[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
Polybasite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Selenopolybasite[(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2(S,Se)7][Ag9Cu(S,Se)2Se2]Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
7 photos of Benleonardite associated with HessiteAg2Te
3 photos of Benleonardite associated with CervelleiteAg4TeS
2 photos of Benleonardite associated with QuartzSiO2
1 photo of Benleonardite associated with TlalociteCu10Zn6(Te6+O4)2(Te4+O3)(OH)25Cl · 27H2O
1 photo of Benleonardite associated with AcanthiteAg2S

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.LA.GladkovskyiteMnTlAs3S6Trig. 3m : R3c
2.LA.BiagioniiteTl2SbS2Mon. m : Pb
2.LA.ThunderbayiteTlAg3Au3Sb7S6Tric. 1 : P1
2.LA.AuerbakhiteMnTl2As2S5Orth.
2.LA.Ferrofettelite[Ag6As2S7][Ag10FeAs2S8]Mon. 2 : B2
2.LA.10DervilliteAg2AsS2Mon. 2/m : P2/b
2.LA.15DaomaniteCuPtAsS2Orth.
2.LA.20VaughaniteTlHgSb4S7Tric.
2.LA.25CriddleiteTlAg2Au3Sb10S10Mon.
2.LA.30Fettelite[Ag6As2S7][Ag10HgAs2S8] Mon. 2 : B2
2.LA.35Chaméanite(Cu,Fe)4As(Se,S)4Iso.
2.LA.40ArcubisiteAg6CuBiS4
2.LA.45MgriiteCu3AsSe3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
2.LA.55TsnigriiteAg9SbTe3S3Mon.
2.LA.60BorovskitePd3SbTe4Iso.
2.LA.65JonassoniteAuBi5S4Mon.
2.LA.65NuwaiteNi6GeS2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
2.LA.65ButianiteNi6SnS2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
2.LA.70RaberiteTl5Ag4As6SbS15 Tric. 1 : P1
2.LA.75SpaltiiteTl2Cu2As2S5Mon. 2/m : P21/b

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for BenleonarditeHide

References for BenleonarditeHide

Localities for BenleonarditeHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • San Luis Province
    • Coronel Pringles Department
Gallard-Esquivel et al. (2018)
Austria
 
  • Salzburg
    • Tamsweg District
      • Muhr
        • Rotgülden
          • Lower Rotgülden lake
Paar et al. (2018)
          • Silbereck - Altenbergkar area
Horner et al. (1997)
  • Styria
    • Weiz District
      • Gasen
Bojar (1998) +1 other reference
Canada
 
  • Manitoba
    • Snow Lake District
Duff (2016)
  • Ontario
    • Kenora District
      • Balmer Township
Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp94-99
Egypt
 
  • Red Sea Governorate
Faisal et al. (2021)
Ibrahim M. Shalaby et al. (2004)
Fiji
 
  • Viti Levu
    • Navilawa
Mineralogical Society of America - ...
    • Vatukoula Gold Field (Tavua Gold Field)
      • Vatukoula
Pals et al. (2003)
Iran
 
  • Kerman Province
    • Shahr-e Babak County
      • Shahr-e Babak
Altenberger et al. (Ag-Au)
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Baceno
        • Devero Alp
Piccoli et al. (2007)
Japan
 
  • Shizuoka Prefecture
    • Shimoda City
      • Rendaiji
- (unpublished species lists maintained by local collectors) +1 other reference
Mexico (TL)
 
  • Sonora
    • Moctezuma Municipality
      • Moctezuma
Stanley et al. (1986)
Criddle et al. (1989) +1 other reference
Romania
 
  • Hunedoara County
    • Certeju de Sus
Săbău et al. (2016)
Dincă et al. (2018) +1 other reference
  • Maramureș County
    • Cavnic
Cristeastan et al. (2012)
Russia
 
  • Amur Oblast
    • Urusha-Oldoi ore district
Vakh et al. (2016)
  • Bashkortostan
    • Baymaksky District
Maslennikov et al. (2013)
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Serovsky District
      • Turya river
        • Tur'insk
Kasatkin et al. (2020)
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
Ďuďa R. et al. (Schemnitz)
    • Žarnovica District
      • Hodruša-Hámre
        • Hodruša-Hámre mines
Berkh et al. (2014)
    • Žiar nad Hronom District
      • Kremnica
Ďuďa (1993)
Sweden
 
  • Västerbotten County
    • Skellefteå
      • Skellefte mining district
        • Boliden
UK
 
Tindle (2008)
    • Perth and Kinross
      • Aberfeldy
Ixer et al. (1997)
USA
 
  • Montana
    • Fergus County
      • Warm Springs District (Gilt Edge District; Gold Hill District; Maiden District)
        • Cone Butte Sub-District
Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 871-876
    • Madison County
      • Norwegian Mining District (Whitehall Mining District)
Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 871-876
  • Utah
    • Utah County
      • East Tintic Mining District
EDS by Dr. Rob Bowell.
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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