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Clinotobermorite

A valid IMA mineral species
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01371680014946250864052.jpg
Clinotobermorite

Bazhenovsk deposit, Asbest, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
08475790014946250889140.jpg
Clinotobermorite, etc.

Basalt quarry, S. Marco hill, Gambellara, Vicenza Province, Veneto, Italy
04721740017089152925615.jpg
Clinotobermorite

Bazhenovsk deposit, Asbest, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
01371680014946250864052.jpg
Clinotobermorite

Bazhenovsk deposit, Asbest, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
08475790014946250889140.jpg
Clinotobermorite, etc.

Basalt quarry, S. Marco hill, Gambellara, Vicenza Province, Veneto, Italy
00039380017087212513363.jpg
Clinotobermorite

Bazhenovsk deposit, Asbest, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
01371680014946250864052.jpg
Clinotobermorite

Bazhenovsk deposit, Asbest, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
08475790014946250889140.jpg
Clinotobermorite, etc.

Basalt quarry, S. Marco hill, Gambellara, Vicenza Province, Veneto, Italy
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About ClinotobermoriteHide

Formula:
[Ca4Si6O17 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 3H2O)
Colour:
Colorless to white
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
2.58
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Redefined in by IMA in 2014, according to new nomenclature for the Tobermorite Group.
Structurally closely related to Tobermorite.
A Ca-poor analogue may exist.
Two natural polytypes are known: Clinotobermorite-2M and Clinotobermorite-1A.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1084
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1084:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
391e653e-7c20-40e6-826b-bf1498bd3df9

IMA Classification of ClinotobermoriteHide

IMA status:
Approved
IMA status notes:
Renamed by the IMA
IMA Formula:
Ca4Si6O17(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O)
Approval history:
Renamed by IMA: 2014
Type description reference:
Henmi, C., Kusachi, I. (1992) Clinotobermorite, Ca5Si6(O,OH)18·5H2O, a new mineral from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Mineralogical Magazine, 56 (384) 353-358 doi:10.1180/minmag.1992.056.384.07

Classification of ClinotobermoriteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
9.DG.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
Dana 8th ed.:
72.3.2.2

72 : PHYLLOSILICATES Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings
3 : Two-Dimensional Infinite Sheets with Other Than Six-Membered Rings with 3-, 4-, or 5-membered rings and 8-membered rings
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.5.24

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
5 : Silicates of Ca

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
CtbmIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
CtbmWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Physical Properties of ClinotobermoriteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Colorless to white
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}, poor on {100}.
Density:
2.58 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.69 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of ClinotobermoriteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nα = 1.575 nβ = 1.580 nγ = 1.585
2V:
Measured: 89° , Calculated: 88°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.010
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
very weak

Chemistry of ClinotobermoriteHide

Mindat Formula:
[Ca4Si6O17 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 3H2O)
Elements listed:
Ca, H, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Ti,B,Al,Fe,Mn,Mg,Na,K,F

Crystallography of ClinotobermoriteHide

Polytype:
Formula:
Crystal System:
Class (H-M)
Space Group:
Space Group Setting:
Cell Parameters:
Ratio:
Unit Cell Volume (calc):
Z:
Clinotobermorite-1AClinotobermorite-2M
  
Triclinic Monoclinic 
1 - Pedial2/m - Prismatic
P1 
  
a = 11.274 Å, b = 7.344 Å, c = 11.468 Å
α = 99.18°, β = 97.19°, γ = 90.02°		a = 11.276(2) Å, b = 7.343(8) Å, c = 22.642(4) Å
β = 97.28°
a:b:c = 1.535 : 1 : 1.562a:b:c = 1.536 : 1 : 3.083
V 929.78 ų
(Calculated from Unit Cell)		V 1,859.64 ų
(Calculated from Unit Cell)
  

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0002328ClinotobermoriteMerlino S, Bonaccorsi E, Armbruster T (1999) Tobermorites: Their real structure and order-disorder (OD) character American Mineralogist 84 1613-162119990293
0006830ClinotobermoriteMerlino S, Bonaccorsi E, Armbruster T (2000) The real structure of clinotobermorite and tobermorite 9 A: OD character, polytypes, and structural relationships European Journal of Mineralogy 12 411-42920000293
0006831ClinotobermoriteMerlino S, Bonaccorsi E, Armbruster T (2000) The real structure of clinotobermorite and tobermorite 9 A: OD character, polytypes, and structural relationships European Journal of Mineralogy 12 411-42920000293
0006832ClinotobermoriteMerlino S, Bonaccorsi E, Armbruster T (2000) The real structure of clinotobermorite and tobermorite 9 A: OD character, polytypes, and structural relationships European Journal of Mineralogy 12 411-42920000293
0011075ClinotobermoriteHoffmann C, Armbruster T (1997) Clinotobermorite, Ca5(Si3O8(OH))2*4(H2O) - Ca5(Si6O17)*5(H2O), a natural C-S-H(I) type cement mineral: determination of the substructure _cod_database_code 1000046 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 212 863-8731997Wessels mine, Kalahari manganese field, South Africa0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
11.25 Å(100)
3.304 Å(51)
3.068 Å(45)
3.034 Å(60)
3.012 Å(37)
2.811 Å(41)
2.794 Å(60)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
13 : Hadean serpentinization
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations

Type Occurrence of ClinotobermoriteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Fuka mine, Fuka, Bitchū, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture, Japan
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan
Empirical Formula of Type Material:
(Ca5.29Mg0.02K0.02)5.33(Si5.90Al0.05B0.05)6.00(O16.54OH1.39F0.07)18.00 · 5.1H2O
Chemical Analysis of Type Material:
SiO246.55 %
TiO20.01 %
Al2O30.36 %
B2O30.23 %
Fe2O30.01 %
MnO0.06 %
MgO0.11 %
CaO39.04 %
Na2O0.02 %
K2O0.10 %
H2O13.75 %
F0.18 %
-O=F0.08 %
Total:100.5 %
Geological Setting of Type Material:
gehlenite-spurrite-bearing skarns
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
TobermoriteTobermoriteCalciteApophyllite Group
Reference:
Henmi, C., & Kusachi, I. (1992). Clinotobermorite, Ca5Si6 (O, OH) 18.5 H2O, a new mineral from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Mineralogical Magazine, 56(3), 353-358.
Download:
http://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/MM56_353.pdf

Synonyms of ClinotobermoriteHide

Other Language Names for ClinotobermoriteHide

Relationship of Clinotobermorite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Tobermorite Supergroup
Other Members of this group:
ParatobermoriteCa4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O)Mon. 2/m
Plombièrite[Ca4Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 5H2O)Orth.
RiversideiteCa5(HSi3O9)2 · 2H2OOrth.
Tobermorite GroupCa4+x(AlySi6-y)O15+2x-y · 5H2O

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Clinotobermorite associated with TobermoriteCa4Si6O17(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O)

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.DG.CalcinaksiteKNaCa(Si4O10) · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.Barrydawsonite-(Y)Na1.5Y0.5CaSi3O8(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.DG.ParatobermoriteCa4(Al0.5Si0.5)2Si4O16(OH)(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O)Mon. 2/m
9.DG.AlvesiteNaKZrSi6O15 · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.DG.02SteedeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.02NolzeiteNaMn2[Si3BO9](OH)2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05FerrobustamiteCaFe2+(Si2O6)Tric. 1
9.DG.05PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05SeranditeNaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05Wollastonite-1ACaSiO3Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05TanohataiteLiMn2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05SchizoliteNaCaMnSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05MurakamiiteLiCa2Si3O8(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.05DalnegorskiteCa5Mn(Si3O9)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.07CascanditeCaScSi3O8(OH)Tric. 1
9.DG.08Plombièrite[Ca4Si6O16(OH)2 · 2H2O] · (Ca · 5H2O)Orth.
9.DG.10RiversideiteCa5(HSi3O9)2 · 2H2OOrth.
9.DG.10TobermoriteCa4Si6O17(H2O)2 · (Ca · 3H2O)Mon. 2 : P21
9.DG.12JusiteNa2Ca15Al4Si16O54 · 17H2O
9.DG.12KenotobermoriteCa4Si6O15(OH)2(H2O)2 · 3H2OMon.
9.DG.15FoshagiteCa4(Si3O9)(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20JenniteCa9(Si3O9)2(OH)8 · 8H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.20KameneviteK2TiSi3O9 · H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
9.DG.25ParaumbiteK3Zr2H(Si3O9)2 · nH2OOrth. mm2
9.DG.25UmbiteK2(Zr,Ti)Si3O9 · H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
9.DG.30SørenseniteNa4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.32Escheite Ca2NaMnTi5[Si12O34]O2(OH)3 · 12H2OOrth. mm2 : Ama2
9.DG.35XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.40HillebranditeCa2(SiO3)(OH)2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.DG.45ZoriteNa8(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 14H2OOrth.
9.DG.45ChivruaiiteCa4(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,O)5 · 13-14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmmm
9.DG.50Haineaultite(Na,Ca)5Ca(Ti,Nb)5(Si6O17)2(OH,F)8 · 5H2OOrth. 2 2 2 : C2 2 2
9.DG.55EpididymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.DG.60EudidymiteNa2Be2Si6O15 · H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
9.DG.65ElpiditeNa2ZrSi6O15 · 3H2OOrth.
9.DG.65PatyniteNaKCa4[Si9O23]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.67WhelaniteCu2+2Ca6[Si6O17(OH)](CO3)(OH)3 · 2H2OOrth. mm2 : Pnn2
9.DG.70Fenaksite(K,Na)4(Fe,Mn)2(Si4O10)2(OH,F)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70LitidioniteCuNaKSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70ManaksiteKNaMnSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.70YusupoviteNa2Zr(Si6O15) · 2.5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.DG.70EnricofrancoiteKNaCaSi4O10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.75TinaksiteK2Na(Ca,Mn2+)2TiO[Si7O18(OH)]Tric.
9.DG.75TokkoiteK2Ca4[Si7O18(OH)](OH,F)Tric.
9.DG.75SenkevichiteCsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18](OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.DG.80CanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30(OH)4Mon. m : Bm
9.DG.80FluorcanasiteK3Na3Ca5Si12O30F4 · H2OMon. m : Bm
9.DG.85MiseriteK1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5(Si6O15)(Si2O7)(OH,F)2 · yH2OTric.
9.DG.90FrankameniteK3Na3Ca5(Si12O30)(F,OH)4 · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.DG.92Charoite(K,Sr)15-16(Ca,Na)32[Si6O11(O,OH)6]2[Si12O18(O,OH)12]2[Si17O25(O,OH)18]2(OH,F)4 · ~3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.95YuksporiteK4(Ca,Na)14(Sr,Ba)2(◻,Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb)4(O,OH)4(Si6O17)2(Si2O7)3(H2O,OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DG.97Eveslogite(Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)48 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe2+)12Si48O144(OH)12](F,OH,Cl)14Mon. 2/m : P2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for ClinotobermoriteHide

References for ClinotobermoriteHide

Reference List:
Henmi, C., Kusachi, I. (1992) Clinotobermorite, Ca5Si6(O,OH)18·5H2O, a new mineral from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Mineralogical Magazine, 56 (384) 353-358 doi:10.1180/minmag.1992.056.384.07
Jambor, L., Burke, Ernst A. J., Grew, Edward S., Puziewicz, Jacek (1993) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 78 (5-6) 672-678
Hoffmann, C., Armbruster, T. (1997) Clinotobermorite, Ca5[Si3O8(OH)]2.4H2O - Ca5[Si6O17].5H2O, a natural C-S-H(I) type cement mineral. Determination of the substructure. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 212: 864-873.
Mandarino, Joseph A. (1997) New Minerals 1990-1994. The Mineralogical Record Inc., Tuscon, Arizona. 220pp.
Merlino, Stefano, Bonaccorsi, Elena, Armbruster, Thomas (1999) Tobermorites; their real structure and order-disorder (OD) character. American Mineralogist, 84 (10) 1613-1621 doi:10.2138/am-1999-1015
Merlino, Stefano, Bonaccorsi, Elena, Armbruster, Thomas (2001) The real structure of tobermorite 11A: normal and anomalous forms, OD character and polytypic modifications. European Journal of Mineralogy, 13 (3) 577-590 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2001/0013-0577
Merlino, S., Bonaccorsi, E. (2008) Double wollastonite chains: topological/conformational varieties, polytypic forms, isotypic compounds. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 223: 85-97.
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2014) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2014, CNMNC Newsletter No 21. Mineralogical Magazine, 78 (4) 797-804 doi:10.1180/minmag.2014.078.4.03
Biagioni, Cristian, Merlino, Stefano, Bonaccorsi, Elena (2015) The tobermorite supergroup: a new nomenclature. Mineralogical Magazine, 79 (2) 485-495 doi:10.1180/minmag.2015.079.2.22
(2023) Clinotobermorite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for ClinotobermoriteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy
 
  • Veneto
    • Vicenza Province
      • Cornedo Vicentino
        • Spagnago
Boscardin M. et al. (2011) +1 other reference
      • Gambellara
        • S. Marco hill
Boscardin M. et al. (2011)
      • San Vito di Leguzzano-Schio
Boscardin M. et al. (Vicenza)
Japan (TL)
 
  • Okayama Prefecture
    • Takahashi City
      • Bitchū
        • Fuka
Henmi et al. (1992)
Russia
 
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Asbest
Belakovskiy (2003)
South Africa
 
  • Northern Cape
    • John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality
      • Joe Morolong Local Municipality
Biagioni et al. (2012)
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