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Hambergite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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08967690014948894595044.jpg
Hambergite

Tamponilapa, Sahatany Valley, Ibity, Antsirabe II District, Vakinankaratra, Madagascar
07372780017055864015068.jpg
Hambergite

Stak Nala, Haramosh Mts., Roundu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
04403070014977514211816.jpg
Hambergite, etc.

Tuften, Tvedalen, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
08967690014948894595044.jpg
Hambergite

Tamponilapa, Sahatany Valley, Ibity, Antsirabe II District, Vakinankaratra, Madagascar
02643000017055863951803.jpg
Hambergite

Stak Nala, Haramosh Mts., Roundu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
08050460014950593017060.jpg
Hambergite, etc.

Tuften, Tvedalen, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
08967690014948894595044.jpg
Hambergite

Tamponilapa, Sahatany Valley, Ibity, Antsirabe II District, Vakinankaratra, Madagascar
08780140017055980007733.jpg
Hambergite

Stak Nala, Haramosh Mts., Roundu District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
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About HambergiteHide

09687820014946695123793.jpg
Axel Hamberg
Formula:
Be2(BO3)(OH)
Colour:
Colourless, greyish, yellowish; colourless in transmitted light
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
7½
Specific Gravity:
2.347 - 2.372
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 1890 by Waldemar Christofer Brøgger in honor of Axel Hamberg [January 17, 1863 Klara FÜrsamling, Stockholm, Sweden - June 28, 1933 Stockholm, Sweden], professor of geography at the University of Uppsala, Sweden, who drew attention to the first specimens.
A pegmatite mineral often occurring with beryl.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Hambergite.



Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1811
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1811:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
e49bd013-c8ca-43ce-bcdb-9a4aab4de494

IMA Classification of HambergiteHide

Classification of HambergiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
6.AB.05

6 : BORATES
A : Monoborates
B : BO3, with additional anions; 1(D) + OH, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
25.1.1.1

25 : ANHYDROUS BORATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : Monoborates
Hey's CIM Ref.:
9.2.1

9 : Borates
2 : Borates of Be and Mg

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
HbIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
HamThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Pronunciation of HambergiteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of HambergiteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, greyish, yellowish; colourless in transmitted light
Streak:
White
Hardness:
7½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010}; on {100} good.
Density:
2.347 - 2.372 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.365 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of HambergiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.554 - 1.560 nβ = 1.587 - 1.591 nγ = 1.628 - 1.631
2V:
Calculated: 87°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.074
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
weak r > v

Chemistry of HambergiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Be2(BO3)(OH)
Elements listed:
B, Be, H, O - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of HambergiteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbca
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.762(2) Å, b = 12.201(2) Å, c = 4.430(1) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.8 : 1 : 0.363
Unit Cell V:
527.6 ų
Z:
8
Morphology:
Crystals prismatic [001], frequently flattened {100}. {100} striated [001] with dull and etched terminal faces (large crystals).
Twinning:
Twin and composition plane {110}.
Comment:
Cell parameters from Gatta et al (2012).

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0019722HambergiteGatta G D, McIntyre G J, Bromiley G, Guastoni A, Nestola F (2012) A single-crystal neutron diffraction study of hambergite, Be2BO3(OH,F) American Mineralogist 97 1891-18972012Anjanabonoina mine, Madagascar0293
0005470HambergiteBurns P C, Novak M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Fluorine-hydroxyl variation in hambergite: A crystal-structure study The Canadian Mineralogist 33 1205-12131995Himalaya mine, California, USA0293
0005471HambergiteBurns P C, Novak M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Fluorine-hydroxyl variation in hambergite: A crystal-structure study The Canadian Mineralogist 33 1205-12131995Susice0293
0005472HambergiteBurns P C, Novak M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Fluorine-hydroxyl variation in hambergite: A crystal-structure study The Canadian Mineralogist 33 1205-12131995Ctidruzice0293
0005473HambergiteBurns P C, Novak M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Fluorine-hydroxyl variation in hambergite: A crystal-structure study The Canadian Mineralogist 33 1205-12131995Kracovice0293
0005474HambergiteBurns P C, Novak M, Hawthorne F C (1995) Fluorine-hydroxyl variation in hambergite: A crystal-structure study The Canadian Mineralogist 33 1205-12131995Kracovice0293
0018127HambergiteZachariasen W (1931) The crystalline structure of hambergite Be2BO3(OH) _cod_database_code 1011268 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 76 289-30219310293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.81 Å(100)
3.13 Å(90)
4.53 Å(80)
3.19 Å(80)
2.40 Å(70)
2.21 Å(70)
2.13 Å(70)
Comments:
Anjanabanoana, Madagascar. Data from Switzer et al. 1965.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites
Geological Setting:
Alkali-rich pegmatites (Madagascar); gem gravels (Kashmir).

Type Occurrence of HambergiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Salbutangen, Helgeroa, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
General Appearance of Type Material:
A single crystal 3.5x1.5 cm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden, 332865.
Natural History Museum, Paris, France, 10734.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 116994.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Syenite pegmatite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
ZirconSodaliteFluoriteFerro-hornblendeFerro-hornblende
Feldspar GroupBiotiteAnalcime
Reference:
BrÜgger, W.C. (1890) Die mineralien der syenitpegmatitgänge der sßdnorwegischen augit- und nephelinsyenite, 16. Hambergit. Zeitschrift fßr Kristallographie: 16: 65-67.
Download:
https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/ZK16_65.pdf

Other Language Names for HambergiteHide

German:Hambergit
Simplified Chinese:硼铍石
Spanish:Hambergita
Traditional Chinese:硼鈹石

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
48 photos of Hambergite associated with ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
36 photos of Hambergite associated with QuartzSiO2
21 photos of Hambergite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
16 photos of Hambergite associated with SphaerobertranditeBe3(SiO4)(OH)2
12 photos of Hambergite associated with CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
9 photos of Hambergite associated with Lepidolite
8 photos of Hambergite associated with AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) ¡ H2O
7 photos of Hambergite associated with AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
6 photos of Hambergite associated with SchorlNaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
6 photos of Hambergite associated with AdulariaKAlSi3O8

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

6.AB.Rhabdoborite-(Mo)Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2Hex. 6 : P63
6.AB.ChubaroviteKZn2(BO3)Cl2Trig. 3 2 : R3 2
6.AB.SavelievaiteMg2Cr3+O2(BO3)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.10BerboriteBe2(BO3)(OH,F) ¡ H2OTrig.
6.AB.15JeremejeviteAl6(BO3)5(F,OH)3Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.20Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.20YuanfuliiteMg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.25Karlite(Mg,Al)6.5(BO3)3(OH)4(◻,Cl)0.5Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 2
6.AB.30Azoproite(Mg,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Ti,Mg)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30BonaccorditeNi2Fe3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30FredrikssoniteMg2(Mn3+,Fe3+)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30VonseniteFe2+2Fe3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
6.AB.35Pinakiolite(Mg,Mn2+)2Mn3+(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
6.AB.35FolvikiteSb5+Mn3+(Mg,Mn2+)10O8(BO3)4Mon. 2 : P2
6.AB.40BlatteriteSb5+3(Mn3+,Fe3+)9(Mn2+,Mg)35(BO3)16O32Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.40ChestermaniteMg2(Fe3+,Mn3+,Al,Sb3+)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
6.AB.40Orthopinakiolite(Mg,Mn2+)2Mn3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.40TakĂŠuchiite(Mg,Mn2+)2(Mn3+,Fe3+)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.45Hulsite(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Sn)(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.45Magnesiohulsite(Mg,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Sn,Mg)(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.45Aluminomagnesiohulsite(Mg,Fe2+)2(Al,Mg,Sn)(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.50FluoboriteMg3(BO3)(F,OH)3Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.50HydroxylboriteMg3(BO3)(OH)3Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.55ShabyniteMg5(BO3)(OH)5(Cl,OH)2 ¡ 4H2OMon.
6.AB.55WightmaniteMg5(BO3)O(OH)5 ¡ 2H2OMon. 2/m
6.AB.60GaudefroyiteCa4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3Hex.
6.AB.65SakhaiteCa48Mg16(BO3)32(CO3)16 ¡ 2(H2O,HCl)Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
6.AB.70HarkeriteCa48Mg16[AlSi4O15(OH)]4(BO3)16(CO3)16 ¡ 2(H2O,HCl)Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
6.AB.75Pertsevite-(F)Mg2(BO3)(F,OH)Orth. mm2 : Pna21
6.AB.75Pertsevite-(OH)Mg2(BO3)(OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.80JacquesdietrichiteCu2(H2BO3)(OH)3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
6.AB.85PainiteCaZrAl9(BO3)O15Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.85Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)Hex. 6 : P63
6.AB.85Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} Hex. 6 : P63
6.AB.90Mengxianminite(Ca,Na)2Sn2(Mg,Fe)3Al8[(BO3)(BeO4)O6]2Orth. mm2 : Fdd2

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Soluble in HF.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for HambergiteHide

References for HambergiteHide

Reference List:
Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie: 50: 596–597.
BäckstrÜm (1890) Bihang KVAH Bd. 15:2, pp.23-24.
Brøgger, Waldemar Christofer (1890, January) Die Mineralien der Syenitpegmatitgänge der sßdnorwegischen Augit-und Nephelinsyenite. Zeitschrift fßr Krystallographie und Mineralogie Vol. 16 (1) Walter de Gruyter GmbHpp.65-67
Lacroix, Alfred (1909) Sur la hambergite de Madagascar. Bulletin de MinĂŠralogie, 32 (7) 320-324 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1909.3373
Goldschmidt and MĂźller (1910) Zeitschrift fĂźr Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 48: 473.
Lacroix, Alfred (1910) Nouvelles observations sur les minĂŠraux des pegmatites de Madagascar. Bulletin de MinĂŠralogie, 33 (1) 37-53 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1910.3399
Goldschmidt, V., MĂźller, Frdr. C. (1911) XXVIII. Hambergit aus Madagaskar. Zeitschrift fĂźr Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 48 (1-6) 475-485 doi:10.1524/zkri.1911.48.1.475
Drugman, J ., Goldechmidt, V. (1912) XL. Ein Hambergitzwilling von Madagascar. Zeitschrift fĂźr Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 50 (1) 596 doi:10.1524/zkri.1912.50.1.596
Burton (1913) Records of the Geological Survey of India: 43: 168.
Goldschmidt, V. (1918) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 4: 106.
Zachariasen, W. H. (1931) The Crystalline Structure of Hambergite, Be2BO3(OH) Zeitschrift fĂźr Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 76 (1) 289-302 doi:10.1524/zkri.1931.76.1.289
Payne (1939) Gemmologist, London: 9: 33.
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.370-372
Vergnoux, A.M., Ginouvès, M.F. (1955) Étude d’un cristal d’hambergite dans le proche infra-rouge. Il Nuovo Cimento (1955-1965): 2(3): 807-815.
Zachariasen, W.H., Plettinger, H.A., Marezio, M. (1963) The structure and birefringence of hambergite, Be2BO3. OH. Acta Crystallographica: 16(11): 1144-1146.
Cohen-Solal, G.W. (1964) Etude thĂŠorique de l'ion OH-dans les cristaux: application Ă  l'effet Raman de l'Hambergite. Doctoral dissertation.
Switzer, George, Clarke, Roy S., Sinkankas, John, Worthing, and Helen W. (1965) Fluorine in hambergite. American Mineralogist, 50 (1-2) 85-95
Semenov, Y.I., Bykova, V.A. (1965) Beryllium borate, hambergite in alkaline pegmatite of the Baikal region. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 161: 148-149.
Konovalenko, S.I., Rossovskii, L., Ananiev, S.A., Petukhov, E.P. (1981) 1st occurrence of hambergite in pegmatites of the USSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR: 260(4): 992-996.
Burns, P.C., NovĂĄk, M., Hawthorne, F.C. (1995) Fluorine-hydroxyl variation in hambergite: a crystal-structure study. The Canadian Mineralogist: 33: 1205-1213.
Grew, Edward S., Anovitz, Lawrence M., Grew, Edward S., Anovitz, Lawrence M. - Eds. (1996) Boron - Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry. Reviews in Mineralogy Vol. 33. Mineralogical Society of America
Richards, R.P. (1996) Twinned hambergite from the Gilgit district, Northern Pakistan. The Canadian Mineralogist: 34(3): 615-621.
NovĂĄk, M., Burns, P.C., Morgan, G.B. (1998) Fluorine-hydroxyl variation in hambergite from granitic pegmatites. The Canadian Mineralogist: 36: 441-446.
Dzhurayev, Z.T., Zolotarev, A.A., Pekov, I.V., Frolova, L.V. (1998) Hambergite from pegmatite veins of the eastern Pamirs. Zapiski Vseross Mineral Obshch: 127(4): 132-139.
Shannon, Robert D., Shannon, Ruth C., Medenbach, Olaf, Fischer, Reinhard X. (2002) Refractive Index and Dispersion of Fluorides and Oxides. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 31 (4) 931-970 doi:10.1063/1.1497384
Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (2003) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 5 - Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona.p.275
Thomas, R., Davidson, P. (2010) Hambergite-rich melt inclusions in morganite crystals from the Muiane pegmatite, Mozambique and some remarks on the paragenesis of hambergite. Mineralogy and Petrology: 100(3): 227-239.
Gatta, G. D., McIntyre, G. J., Bromiley, G., Guastoni, A., Nestola, F. (2012) A single-crystal neutron diffraction study of hambergite, Be2BO3(OH,F) American Mineralogist, 97 (11) 1891-1897 doi:10.2138/am.2012.4232
Gatta, G.D., Lotti, P., Nestola, F., Merlini, M., Pasqual, D., Lausi, A. (2013) Thermo-elastic behaviour of Be 2 BO 3 OH (hambergite) up to 7 GPa and 1,100 K. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 40(5): 401-409.
(2023) Hambergite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for HambergiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan
 
  • Badakhshan
    • Kuran Wa Munjan District
      • Deo Darrah
Weerth et al. (2016)
  • Nuristan
    • Kamdesh District
Lyckberg (2011)
Argentina
 
  • Salta Province
    • La Poma Department
Galliski (1983)
Australia
 
  • Tasmania
    • Waratah-Wynyard municipality
      • Waratah district
        • Waratah
Bottrill +1 other reference
Canada
 
  • Northwest Territories
    • O'Grady Lake area
      • O'Grady Batholith
Northern Mineral Showings Database +1 other reference
China
 
  • Hunan
    • Chenzhou
      • Linwu Co.
        • Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic ore field
Huang et al. (1988)
Czech Republic
 
  • South Bohemian Region
    • ČeskĂŠ Budějovice District
Welser +5 other references
  • South Moravian Region
    • Znojmo District
      • CtidruĹžice
Čech (1961) +1 other reference
  • Vysočina Region
    • Třebíč District
      • Stařeč
Ĺ koda +2 other references
Italy
 
  • Tuscany
    • Livorno Province
      • Campo nell'Elba
Gramaccioli C.M. (1977)
Orlandi et al. (1997)
Pezzotta et al. (2007)
Japan
 
  • Miyazaki Prefecture
    • Nobeoka City
      • Ohkueyama (Okueyama)
Seiichiro Uehara et al. (2011)
Madagascar
 
  • Amoron'i Mania
    • Ambatofinandrahana District
      • Mandrosonoro
        • Ambatovita
Pezzotta (2005)
    • Ambositra
      • Sahatsiho Ambohimanjaka
Knut Edvard Larsen collection # MM-4311
        • Manandona Valley
Pezzotta (1999) +1 other reference
Knut Edvard Larsen (2023)
Larsen (2003)
  • Vakinankaratra
    • Antsirabe II District
      • Ibity
Lefevre et al. (1998) +1 other reference
Larsen (2003)
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
Pezzotta (2011)
Spirifer minerals (local dealer in Antsirabe information)
    • Betafo District
      • Ambohimanambola
Lacroix (1909) +2 other references
      • Andrembesoa
Lacroix (1922) +1 other reference
Gratacap (1916)
Mozambique
 
  • Zambezia Province
    • GilĂŠ District
      • Muiane-Naipa group
Thomas et al. (2010)
Myanmar
 
  • Mandalay Region
    • Pyin-Oo-Lwin District
      • Mogok Township
Peretti et al. (2007)
  • Shan State
    • Kyaukme District
King (n.d.)
Themelis (2008)
          • Khetchel village (Cache village; Khat Che village)
Heo et al. (2020)
Ertl et al. (2007) +1 other reference
Nepal
 
  • P1 Koshi Pradesh
    • Sankhuwasabha District
- (n.d.) +3 other references
Krishna P. Kaphle
Norway
 
  • Telemark
    • Porsgrunn
      • Auenlandet
        • SagĂĽsen
Åsheim (1988) +1 other reference
Larsen et al. (2005)
Åsheim (1994)
      • Bassebu
Larsen (2018) +1 other reference
      • Eidanger
        • Bergsbygda
Berge (n.d.)
      • Langangen
        • Kokkersvold - BlĂĽfjell E18 roadcuts
Raade et al. (1983) +1 other reference
Raade et al. (1983)
Grice et al. (2013)
Burvald (1993)
      • Siktesøya
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
      • Slevolden
Burvald (1993)
Ingulv Burvald specimen & photo
  • Vestfold
    • Larvik
      • Brunlanes
Berge (n.d.)
Larsen et al. (2010)
      • Helgeroa
Brøgger (1890, January) +2 other references
Uwe Kolitsch (single-crystal XRD)
      • Malerød
Andresen (2011)
      • Stavern (Fredriksvärn)
        • Jahren pegmatite
A. O. Larsen (1989) +1 other reference
      • Tjølling
        • KlĂĽstad
Neumann (1985) +2 other references
Larsen (2016)
        • StĂĽlaker
Åsheim (1988) +1 other reference
      • Tvedalen
Åsheim (1994)
Frode Andersen
Engvoldsen et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Åsheim (1994)
Åmli et al. (1972) +1 other reference
Collection of Peter Andresen. +1 other reference
        • Mørje
Knut Edvard Larsen (2023)
Nordrum (2001)
Åsheim (1988)
Nordrum (2007)
Berge (1993) +1 other reference
Neumann (1985) +1 other reference
Åsheim (1994) +1 other reference
Nordrum (2007) +2 other references
Collection of OT Ljøstad. +1 other reference
Åsheim (1988) +1 other reference
Pakistan
 
  • Azad Jammu and Kashmir
imported from Neelum Valley
  • Gilgit-Baltistan
    • Astore District
Dudley Blauwet et al. (2004)
Dudley Blauwet (2004) +1 other reference
    • Roundu District
      • Haramosh Mts.
Jason Evans collection
Canadian Mineralogist +1 other reference
Menezes (n.d.)
Collection of NHM
imported from Rondu District +1 other reference
Portugal
 
  • Viseu
    • SĂĄtĂŁo
      • Ferreira de Aves
        • Aldeia Nova
Alves (n.d.)
Russia
 
  • Buryatia
    • Mama River Basin
      • Maigunda River
A.M. Portnov data +1 other reference
  • Republic of Karelia
Aleksandrov et al. (2009) +1 other reference
    • Pitkyarantsky District
      • Pitkyaranta
P.Kartashov data +1 other reference
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Prigorodny District
      • Yuzhakovo
Sokol et al. (2010)
Sokol et al. (2010)
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Krasnochikoysky District
      • Krasnyi Chikoy
Rainer Thomas (2010)
Grant (2001)
Traford Flynn Minerals
Peretyazhko et al. (2004)
International Geological Congress (2008) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Canary Islands
    • Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province
      • Tenerife
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
Dill et al. (2023)
        • Santiago del Teide
Dill et al. (2023)
Tajikistan
 
  • Gorno-Badakhshan
    • Murghob
Leonid Pautov and Mirak Mirakov ...
    • Rangkul' Highlands
[AmMin 85:1561] +1 other reference
Evseev (1995) +2 other references
Niedermayr et al. (2011)
    • Shughnon
      • Shakhdara Range
Pekov (1998)
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +2 other references
USA
 
  • California
    • Riverside County
      • Jurupa Valley
        • Jurupa Mountains
DeVito et al. (1984)
    • San Diego County
      • Mesa Grande Mining District
        • Gem Hill
Fisher et al. (1) +1 other reference
      • Pala Mining District
        • Pala
          • Hiriart Mountain (Hariat Mtn; Harriot Mtn; Heriart Mtn; Heriot Mtn; Hiriat Hill)
Luetcke (n.d.)
Martin Slama collection
      • Ramona Mining District
        • Ramona
Foord et al. (1989) +1 other reference
  • Nevada
    • Mineral County
      • Fitting Mining District
        • Gillis Range
Foord et al. (1999)
  • Wisconsin
    • Florence County
      • Fern
        • Pine River pegmatites
Falster et al. (1996)
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