Johannsenite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Johannsenite
Albert Johannsen
Formula:
CaMn2+Si2O6
Colour:
dark brown, pale brownish, blue-green, pale greenish, grey-white, colourless.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
6
Specific Gravity:
3.56
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1932 by Waldemar Theodore Schaller in honor of Albert Johannsen [Belle Plaine, Iowa December 3, 1871 - January 11, 1962 Winter Park, Florida, USA], Professor and petrologist, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Johannsen's contribution are noteworthy. He established quantitative definitions of rock analysis and rock classifications as well as redesigning the petrographic microscope. His five volume Petrography of the Igneous Rocks is a classic in petrography.
Pyroxene Group - Clinopyroxene Subgroup; see also Hedenbergite-Johannsenite Series, and the Diopside-Johannsenite Series.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2103
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2103:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
06c47be0-27a7-4284-bd04-8bce7627bafb
IMA Classification of Johannsenite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
CaMnSi2O6
First published:
1938
Classification of Johannsenite
9.DA.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
A : Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6; pyroxene family
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
A : Inosilicates with 2-periodic single chains, Si2O6; pyroxene family
65.1.3a.4
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
1 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2
65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
1 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2
14.18.18
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Jhn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Jh | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
| Jh | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
| Jhn | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Jh | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Johannsenite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
dark brown, pale brownish, blue-green, pale greenish, grey-white, colourless.
Comment:
Depends on content of iron and other impurities.
Streak:
white
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Step-Like
Density:
3.56 g/cm3 (Measured)
Comment:
From Webmineral
Optical Data of Johannsenite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.703 - 1.716 nβ = 1.711 - 1.728 nγ = 1.732 - 1.745
2V:
Measured: 68° to 70°, Calculated: 64° to 82°
Birefringence:
0.029
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.029
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r > v weak
Chemistry of Johannsenite
Mindat Formula:
CaMn2+Si2O6
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Fe,Mg,Na,K,C,P,H2O
Crystallography of Johannsenite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Setting:
C2/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.87 Å, b = 9.04 Å, c = 5.27 Å
β = 105.54°
β = 105.54°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.092 : 1 : 0.583
Unit Cell V:
453.03 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Freed R L , Peacor D R , American Mineralogist , 52 (1967) p.709-720, Refinement of the crystal structure of johannsenite
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000156 | Johannsenite | Freed R L, Peacor D R (1967) Refinement of the crystal structure of johannsenite American Mineralogist 52 709-720 |  | 1967 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.631 Å | (25) |
| 4.808 Å | (14) |
| 4.578 Å | (5) |
| 3.515 Å | (11) |
| 3.048 Å | (100) |
| 3.025 Å | (43) |
| 2.948 Å | (11) |
| 2.620 Å | (30) |
| 2.572 Å | (43) |
| 2.550 Å | (38) |
| 2.404 Å | (2) |
| 2.355 Å | (4) |
| 2.246 Å | (11) |
| 2.210 Å | (5) |
| 2.180 Å | (21) |
| 2.153 Å | (13) |
| 2.088 Å | (5) |
| 2.043 Å | (14) |
| 2.039 Å | (16) |
| 1.995 Å | (3) |
| 1.9042 Å | (4) |
| 1.8626 Å | (2) |
| 1.8433 Å | (3) |
| 1.8175 Å | (3) |
| 1.7989 Å | (13) |
| 1.7035 Å | (5) |
| 1.6732 Å | (2) |
| 1.6627 Å | (11) |
| 1.6577 Å | (10) |
| 1.6405 Å | (13) |
| 1.6327 Å | (8) |
| 1.6026 Å | (4) |
| 1.5900 Å | (4) |
| 1.5614 Å | (3) |
| 1.5571 Å | (6) |
| 1.5545 Å | (6) |
| 1.5225 Å | (10) |
| 1.5144 Å | (5) |
| 1.4577 Å | (12) |
| 1.4374 Å | (8) |
| 1.4295 Å | (5) |
| 1.411 Å | (3) |
| 1.4085 Å | (2) |
| 1.3568 Å | (6) |
| 1.3359 Å | (2) |
| 1.3095 Å | (4) |
| 1.3065 Å | (4) |
| 1.3052 Å | (3) |
| 1.2980 Å | (2) |
Comments:
ICDD 35-539
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Johannsenite
Other Language Names for Johannsenite
Varieties of Johannsenite
| Ferrojohannsenite | Iron(II)-bearing variety of johannsenite. |
Relationship of Johannsenite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Burnettite | CaVAlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Clinoenstatite | MgSiO3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Clinoferrosilite | Fe2+2Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Colomeraite | NaTi3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Davisite | CaScAlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Esseneite | CaFe3+[AlSiO6] | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Grossmanite | CaTi3+ AlSiO6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Jervisite | NaSc3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Kanoite | Mn2+(Mg,Mn2+)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Kosmochlor | NaCrSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Kushiroite | CaAl[AlSiO6] | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Namansilite | NaMn3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Natalyite | NaV3+Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Omphacite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m |
| Petedunnite | Ca(Zn,Mn2+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Ryabchikovite | CuMgSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Tissintite | (Ca,Na,◻)AlSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| UM2001-19-SiO:AlCaMgNa | (Na,Mg,Ca)(Mg,Al)Si2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| UM2003-36-SiO:CaNa | NaCrSi2O6 - CaMgSi2O6 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 30 photos of Johannsenite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 28 photos of Johannsenite associated with Rhodonite | CaMn3Mn[Si5O15] |
| 23 photos of Johannsenite associated with Axinite-(Mn) | Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH) |
| 17 photos of Johannsenite associated with Manganbabingtonite | Ca2(Mn,Fe)FeSi5O14(OH) |
| 17 photos of Johannsenite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 12 photos of Johannsenite associated with Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| 12 photos of Johannsenite associated with Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 12 photos of Johannsenite associated with Galena | PbS |
| 12 photos of Johannsenite associated with Clinohedrite | CaZn(SiO4) · H2O |
| 12 photos of Johannsenite associated with Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DA. | Protoenstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| 9.DA. | Ryabchikovite | CuMgSi2O6 |
| 9.DA. | Colomeraite | NaTi3+Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.05 | Donpeacorite | (Mn,Mg)MgSi2O6 |
| 9.DA.05 | Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.05 | Ferrosilite | Fe2+2Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.10 | Clinoenstatite | MgSiO3 |
| 9.DA.10 | Clinoferrosilite | Fe2+2Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.10 | Kanoite | Mn2+(Mg,Mn2+)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.10 | Pigeonite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.15 | Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.15 | Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| 9.DA.15 | Esseneite | CaFe3+[AlSiO6] |
| 9.DA.15 | Hedenbergite | CaFe2+Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.15 va | Jeffersonite | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.15 | Petedunnite | Ca(Zn,Mn2+,Mg,Fe2+)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.15 | Davisite | CaScAlSiO6 |
| 9.DA.15 | Kushiroite | CaAl[AlSiO6] |
| 9.DA.15 | Grossmanite | CaTi3+ AlSiO6 |
| 9.DA.20 | Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.20 | Omphacite | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.25 | Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.25 | Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.25 | Jervisite | NaSc3+Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.25 | Kosmochlor | NaCrSi2O6 |
| 9.DA.25 | Namansilite | NaMn3+Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.25 | Natalyite | NaV3+Si2O6 |
| 9.DA.25 | Tissintite | (Ca,Na,◻)AlSi2O6 |
| 9.DA.30 | Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| 9.DA.35 | Hiroseite | FeSiO3 |
Fluorescence of Johannsenite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Johannsenite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Johannsenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2103.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Johannsenite
Localities for Johannsenite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Birch (1999) |
Bulgaria | |
| Marcus Voigt and Alfredo Petrov ... +1 other reference |
| Stanimirova et al. (2023) |
| Vassileva et al. (2009) |
| Vassileva | |
| Vassileva +2 other references | |
| [MinRec 22 p.439] | |
Canada | |
| Reiner Mielke 2014 |
China | |
| Zhenhua Zhou et al. (2011) |
| Xing et al. (2022) |
| He et al. (2024) |
| Dequan Zhang et al. (1991) +1 other reference |
| Mei et al. (2023) |
| Jiannan Liu et al. (2013) |
| Wang et al. (2023) |
| Li et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
| Xu et al. (2021) |
France | |
| Dubru. M (1986) |
Germany | |
| |
| www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.) |
| Reinhardt et al. (2022) | |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2022) |
| Tombros et al. (2023) |
Indonesia | |
| A.S. Subandrio (2010) |
Italy | |
| 415. +1 other reference |
| Redazione (2005) |
| //doi.org/10.57635/MICRO.2023.21.7 |
| Bracco et al. (2014) |
| Bedognè et al. (1993) +1 other reference |
| Ghizzoni et al. (2005) |
| Bertolani (1976) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) +2 other references |
| Dini A. et al. (2013) |
| De Michele (1974) |
| De Michele (1974) +1 other reference |
| Lapis (2) |
| Pegoraro S. (2014) | |
| Boscardin M. et al. (Vicenza) | |
Japan | |
| Tokunaga (1965) |
| SUGAKI et al. (1985) +1 other reference |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Yamada (2004) |
| Mineralogical Journal Vol. 17 (1994) |
| David Nieto specimen +1 other reference |
| H. Momoi (1964) |
| Matsueda (1980) |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Yamada (2004) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan) +1 other reference |
| PXRD by Alfredo Petrov |
| A. Kato et al. |
Mexico | |
| Prescott |
| Calderon-Rodarte et al. (2017) |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Akira Kato (2011) |
Morocco | |
| El Khalile et al. (2023) |
North Macedonia | |
| Baric (1961) +1 other reference |
Norway | |
| van der Wel (1999) |
Peru | |
| www.sec.gov (n.d.) |
| studies of structure et al. (7) +1 other reference |
Romania | |
| Marincea et al. (2023) |
| Delia Cristina Papp et al. (2005) |
| Hîrtopanu et al. (2003) | |
| Vlad (1997) |
| Paulina Hirtopanu et al. (2018) |
| Hârtopanu et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Brusnitsyn et al. (2009) |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 1990 |
| Grant et al. (2001) |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2018 |
| Vasilenko (2001) | |
| Kasatkin et al. (2021) |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Testard et al. (1979, June) |
Slovakia | |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
| Rybárik M. et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
South Africa | |
| Von Bezing (1991) |
Spain | |
| Dill et al. (2023) |
| Mineralogistes de Catalunya |
Sweden | |
| Zetterqvist (2015) |
| Holtstam et al. (1999) |
| Identified with XRD & SEM/EDS by Prof. ... |
| Nysten (2004) |
| Lee (1958) | |
Tajikistan | |
| Badalov et al. (1976) +1 other reference |
UK | |
| [Specimen in the Natural History Museum |
USA | |
| - (2008) |
| - (2008) | |
| - (2008) | |
| Simons (1963) +1 other reference |
| Simons (1964) |
| Reiter (1981) +1 other reference |
| Simons (1964) |
| Simons (1963) +1 other reference | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Tice et al. (2001) |
| Schooner (circa 1980s) |
| King (n.d.) |
| Schaller (1938) +1 other reference |
| FOMS Millsite Committee (1986) | |
| AmMin 38:883 |
| Minerals of the Ground Hog Mine Grant ... +1 other reference | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| 3rd Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium (1983) +1 other reference | |
| Cannon (1975) |
| Cannon (1975) |
Quick NavTopAbout JohannseniteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesVarietiesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationJohannsenite in petrologyInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Civillina Mountain, Recoaro Terme, Vicenza Province, Veneto, Italy