Mannardite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Mannardite
George W. Mannard
Formula:
Ba(Ti4+6V3+2)O16
Formerly defined as BaxTi8-2xV2xO16·2-xH2O.
Colour:
Jet black
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
7
Specific Gravity:
4.12
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
The name honors Dr. George William Mannard (1932-1982), Canadian exploration geologist and mining executive, president of Kidd Creek Mines Ltd., for his long-standing interest in minerals and mineral deposits of British Columbia.
V analogue of redledgeite.
May stand for a vanadium ore in some black-schist deposits (Yang et al., 2023).
May stand for a vanadium ore in some black-schist deposits (Yang et al., 2023).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2567
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2567:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
9009b18b-2b63-4de5-9da9-08b84303ac84
IMA Classification of Mannardite
Classification of Mannardite
4.DK.05b
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
K : With large (+- medium-sized) cations; tunnel structures
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
K : With large (+- medium-sized) cations; tunnel structures
7.9.5.1
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
9 : AB8X16
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
9 : AB8X16
7.12.17
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Man | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Mannardite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Jet black
Streak:
White to grayish-white
Hardness:
7 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Prominent {100} cleavage.
Prominent {100} cleavage.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.12 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.28 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Density of a Cr-free mannardite from Gacun Mine, Sichuan, China is 4.43 g/cm3; microindentation hardness measured on a sample coming from this locality is 609 Kg/mm2.
Optical Data of Mannardite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 2.260(1) nε = 2.420
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.160
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Anisotropism:
Strong; light pinkish-grey (Ro) to dark brownish-grey (Re).
Bireflectance:
Distinct; shades of light to dark brown.
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 16.5% | 18.0% |
| 420nm | 16.3% | 17.6% |
| 440nm | 16.0% | 17.2% |
| 460nm | 15.7% | 17.0% |
| 480nm | 15.5% | 16.9% |
| 500nm | 15.4% | 17.0% |
| 520nm | 15.2% | 17.2% |
| 540nm | 15.1% | 17.4% |
| 560nm | 15.0% | 17.7% |
| 580nm | 15.0% | 17.9% |
| 600nm | 15.0% | 18.1% |
| 620nm | 15.0% | 18.3% |
| 640nm | 15.0% | 18.4% |
| 660nm | 15.0% | 18.5% |
| 680nm | 15.1% | 18.6% |
| 700nm | 15.1% | 18.6% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 18.6%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Pale reddish brown
Internal Reflections:
None
Chemistry of Mannardite
Mindat Formula:
Ba(Ti4+6V3+2)O16
Formerly defined as BaxTi8-2xV2xO16·2-xH2O.
Formerly defined as BaxTi8-2xV2xO16·2-xH2O.
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Mannardite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I41/a
Cell Parameters:
a = 14.356 Å, c = 5.911 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.412
Unit Cell V:
1,218.23 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic, bounded by {110} and {001} (and rare {100}). Elongated along [001], flattened on {100}, bent or twisted about [001], deeply striated ‖ elongation. Also in fan-like aggregates.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0005210 | Mannardite | Szymanski J T (1986) The crystal structure of mannardite, a new hydrated cryptomelane-group (hollandite) mineral with a doubled short axis The Canadian Mineralogist 24 67-78 |  | 1986 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0009328 | Mannardite | Shi-bin X, Hai-fu F, Xiao-jing W, Fang-hua L (1990) Direct methods in superspace. II The first application to an unknown incommensurate modulated structure Acta Crystallographica A46 929-934 |  | 1990 | Shiti barite deposit, Ankang County, Shaanxi, China | 0 | 293 |
| 0018318 | Mannardite | Shi N, Ma Z, Liu W (1991) Crystal structure determination of ankangite with one dimensional incommensurate modulation Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 10 233-245 | 1991 | Shiti barite deposit, Ankang County, Shaanxi, China | 0 | 293 | |
| 0018319 | Mannardite | Shi N, Ma Z, Liu W (1991) Crystal structure determination of ankangite with one dimensional incommensurate modulation Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 10 233-245 | 1991 | Shiti barite deposit, Ankang County, Shaanxi, China | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.201 Å | (100) 420 |
| 1.586 Å | (80) 732 |
| 2.473 Å | (70) 312 |
| 1.887 Å | (70) 352 |
| 2.224 Å | (50) 332 |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
| 7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Mannardite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
Millimetre-sized euhedral black crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 64197.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, M40292, M40293.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1983,68 and 1983,69.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 150275, 150337, 162567.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, M40292, M40293.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1983,68 and 1983,69.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 150275, 150337, 162567.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Geological setting is represented by quartz veins embedded in the Gunsteel Fm., a paleozoic formation rich in baryte. Mannardite was found in three different kind of veins: type A, in association with barytocalcite and norsethite; type B, in which almost barytocalcite has been altered to baryte, in association with rare norsethite and sulvanite; type C, only with quartz and barytocalcite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Mannardite
Other Language Names for Mannardite
Relationship of Mannardite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Henrymeyerite | Ba(Ti4+7Fe2+)O16 | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
| Priderite | K(Ti4+7Fe3+)O16 | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
| Redledgeite | Ba(Ti4+6Cr3+2)O16 | Tet. |
| UM1994-09-O:CrKTi | K2Cr2Ti6O16 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.DK. | Ferrihollandite | Ba(Mn4+6Fe3+2)O16 |
| 4.DK.K | Thalliomelane | Tl(Mn4+7.5Cu2+0.5)O16 |
| 4.DK.4.DK. | Ferricoronadite | Pb(Mn4+6Fe3+2)O16 |
| 4.DK.05 | Akaganeite | (Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O |
| 4.DK.05a | Coronadite | Pb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| 4.DK.05a | Cryptomelane | K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| 4.DK.05a | Hollandite | Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| 4.DK.05a | Manjiroite | Na(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| 4.DK.05b | Priderite | K(Ti4+7Fe3+)O16 |
| 4.DK.05b | Redledgeite | Ba(Ti4+6Cr3+2)O16 |
| 4.DK.05b | Henrymeyerite | Ba(Ti4+7Fe2+)O16 |
| 4.DK.05a | Strontiomelane | Sr(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16 |
| 4.DK.10 | Romanèchite | (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10 |
| 4.DK.10 | Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Mannardite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2567.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Mannardite
Reference List:
Scott, J. D., Peatfield, G. R. (1986) Mannardite [Ba·H2O](Ti6V3+2)O16, a new mineral species, and new data on redledgeite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 24 (1) 55-66
Szymański, J. T. (1986) The crystal structure of mannardite, a new hydrated cryptomelane-group (hollandite) mineral with a doubled short axis. The Canadian Mineralogist, 24 (1) 67-78
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2012) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2012. CNMNC Newsletter No 13. Mineralogical Magazine, 76 (3) 807-817 doi:10.1180/minmag.2012.076.3.26
Biagioni, Cristian, Capalbo, Carmen, Pasero, Marco (2013) Nomenclature tunings in the hollandite supergroup. European Journal of Mineralogy, 25 (1) 85-90 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2013/0025-2255
Localities for Mannardite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Brazil | |
| Dr Jaroslav Hyrsl specimen |
| Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis +1 other reference | |
Canada (TL) | |
| Scott et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| Scott et al. (1986) |
China (TL) | |
| Xiong Ming et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
| Fengyi Chen et al. (1984) +2 other references |
Italy | |
| Biagioni et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
Kazakhstan | |
| Karpenko et al. (2011) |
| Karpenko et al. (2011) |
| Karpenko et al. (2011) |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Karpenko et al. (2011) |
| Karpenko et al. (2011) | |
Poland | |
| Ł. Kruszewski PXRD & pXRF data (paper in preparation) |
Russia | |
| Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society 136 (5) +2 other references |
| Kassandrov et al. (2009) |
| Kassandrov et al. (2009) | |
| Menshikov et al. (2015) |
South Africa | |
| Roger H. Mitchell and Henry O. A. Meyer (1989) +1 other reference |
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Monte Arsiccio Mine, Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Stazzema, Lucca Province, Tuscany, Italy