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Parisite-(Ce)

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Formula:
CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Colour:
Brown, brownish-yellow, waxy yellow, gray-yellow; colourless to yellow in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Hardness:
Specific Gravity:
4.33 - 4.39
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named parisite in honor of J.J. Paris, former Manager of the Muzo emerald mine, Muzo, Columbia, leasee of the mine from 1828-1848). The suffix/modifier was added by the IMA in 1987 to conform to the Levinson rule for species with essential REE, indicating, in this case, predominant cerium.
Crystals pseudohexagonal, oscillatory and sceptered due to intergrowths parallel to the pseudo-{0001) with Bastnäsite-(Ce), Synchysite-(Ce), Röntgenite-(Ce) and Cordylite.
Polytypes 2M (very common), 3R and 6R are known or proposed.

The Ce-analogue of Parisite-(Nd) and Parisite-(La).

Very rare; can be distinguished from Synchysite-(Ce) only by analytical methods. Also chemically similar to röntgenite-(Ce).

Compare UM1998-04-CO:CaCeF, UM1998-05-CO:CaCeF, UM1998-06-CO:CaCeF, UM1998-07-CO:CaCeF, UM1998-08-CO:CaCeF, and UM1998-09-CO:CaCeF.




Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3120
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3120:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
69fe2889-7520-44c0-b485-6377cf840c01

IMA Classification of Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA status notes:
Renamed by the IMA
Approval year:
1987

Classification of Parisite-(Ce)Hide

5.BD.20b

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
D : With rare earth elements (REE)
16a.1.5.1

16a : ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)(XO3)Zq
12.1.11

12 : Carbonates with other anions
1 : Carbonates with halides

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
Pst-CeIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
PstThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Lustre pearly on the {0001} parting.
Colour:
Brown, brownish-yellow, waxy yellow, gray-yellow; colourless to yellow in transmitted light.
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
On {0001} (or parting) present at times apparently due to alteration.
Fracture:
Splintery, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.33 - 4.39 g/cm3 (Measured)    4.38 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.676 nε = 1.757
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.081
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
O = Light yellow
E = Golden yellow

Absorption E > O.

Chemistry of Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Mindat Formula:
CaCe2(CO3)3F2
Common Impurities:
Y,Sr

Crystallography of Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Space Group:
Bb
Setting:
Cc
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.305 Å, b = 7.1056 Å, c = 28.2478 Å
β = 98.246°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.732 : 1 : 3.975
Unit Cell V:
2,444.30 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Crystals commonly acute double hexagonal pyramids; prismatic in appearance at times due to oscillatory combination of steep pyramids. True prism faces are either lacking or are very small. Also trigonal (or possibly rhombohedral in development). Elongated crystals have locally enlarged portions at times, or have sceptre-like terminations. Lateral faces are striated or deeply grooved. {0001} very commonly present as small faces, large at times.
Comment:
Space group Cc. Pseudohexagonal.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000060Parisite-(Ce)Donnay G, Donnay J D H (1953) The crystallography of bastnaesite, parasite, roentgenite, and synchisite American Mineralogist 38 932-96319530293
0002349Parisite-(Ce)Ni Y, Post J E, Hughes J M (2000) The crystal structure of parisite-(Ce), Ce2CaF(CO3)3 sample: from Muso Mine, Columbia American Mineralogist 85 251-25820000293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
14.03 Å(40)
3.565 Å(100)
2.838 Å(100)
2.060 Å(80)
1.938 Å(60)
1.882 Å(50)
1.658 Å(50)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Type Occurrence of Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Other Language Names for Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Traditional Chinese:氟菱鈣鈰礦

Relationship of Parisite-(Ce) to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Parisite-(La)CaLa2(CO3)3F2Mon.
Parisite-(Nd)Ca(Nd,Ce,La)2(CO3)3F2

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
48 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
42 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with Synchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2F
34 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with CalciteCaCO3
24 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with QuartzSiO2
24 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with Bastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)F
23 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with AnataseTiO2
22 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
16 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
15 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
15 photos of Parisite-(Ce) associated with FluoriteCaF2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

5.BD.Cordylite-(La)(Na,Ca)Ba(La,Ce,Sr)2(CO3)4F Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc
5.BD.05Cordylite-(Ce)NaBaCe2(CO3)4F Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc
5.BD.05Lukechangite-(Ce)Na3Ce2(CO3)4FHex. 6mm : P63mc
5.BD.05Unnamed (Cordylite-like (Ca0.5[]0.5)BaCe2[CO3]4F)Ca◻Ba2Ce4[CO3]8F2
5.BD.10Zhonghuacerite-(Ce)Ba2Ce(CO3)3FTrig.
5.BD.10Kukharenkoite-(Ce)Ba2Ce(CO3)3FMon. 2/m : P21/m
5.BD.10Kukharenkoite-(La)Ba2(La,Ce,Th)(CO3)3FMon. 2/m : P21/m
5.BD.15Cebaite-(Ce)Ba3Ce2(CO3)5F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
5.BD.15Cebaite-(Nd)Ba3(Nd,Ce)2(CO3)5F2Mon.
5.BD.18Arisite-(Ce)NaCe2(CO3)2[F2x(CO3)1-x]FHex. 6 m2 : P6m2
5.BD.18Arisite-(La)NaLa2(CO3)2[F2x(CO3)1-x]FHex. 6 m2 : P6m2
5.BD.20aBastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)FHex. 6 m2 : P6c2
5.BD.20aBastnäsite-(La)La(CO3)FHex. 6 m2 : P62c
5.BD.20aBastnäsite-(Y)Y(CO3)FHex. 6 m2 : P62c
5.BD.20aHydroxylbastnäsite-(Ce)Ce(CO3)(OH)Hex. 6 : P6
5.BD.20aHydroxylbastnäsite-(Nd)Nd(CO3)(OH)Hex. 6 m2 : P62c
5.BD.20aHydroxylbastnäsite-(La)(La,Nd,Ce)(CO3)(OH,F)Hex. 6 : P6
5.BD.20bParisite-(Nd)Ca(Nd,Ce,La)2(CO3)3F2
5.BD.20dRöntgenite-(Ce)Ca2(Ce,La)3(CO3)5F3Trig. 3 : R3
5.BD.20cSynchysite-(Ce)CaCe(CO3)2FMon. 2/m : B2/b
5.BD.20cSynchysite-(Nd)CaNd(CO3)2FOrth.
5.BD.20cSynchysite-(Y)CaY(CO3)2FMon. 2/m : B2/b
5.BD.20aThorbastnäsiteThCa(CO3)2F2 · 3H2OHex. 6 m2 : P62c
5.BD.20aBastnäsite-(Nd)Nd(CO3)F Hex. 6 m2 : P62c
5.BD.20cHydroxylsynchysite-(Ce)Ca(Ce,La)(CO3)2(OH)
5.BD.20cSynchysite-(La) Ca(La,Nd)(CO3)2F
5.BD.20bParisite-(La)CaLa2(CO3)3F2Mon.
5.BD.25Horváthite-(Y)NaY(CO3)F2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn
5.BD.25Qaqarssukite-(Ce)Ba(Ce,REE)(CO3)2FTrig. 3 : P3
5.BD.35Huanghoite-(Ce)BaCe(CO3)2FTrig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
5.BD.45Bayanoboite-(Y)Ba2Y(CO3)2F3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Soluble in hot strong acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for Parisite-(Ce)Hide

References for Parisite-(Ce)Hide

Reference List:

Localities for Parisite-(Ce)Hide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan
 
  • Helmand
    • Reg District
      • Khanneshin complex
Tucker et al. (2012)
Andorra
 
  • Encamp
    • Pas de La Casa
in Collection Joachim Esche
Angola
 
  • Huíla Province
    • Quilengues
Amores-Casals et al. (2019)
Argentina
 
  • Catamarca Province
    • Sierra de Ancasti
      • El Portezuelo
Colombo et al. (2011)
Australia
 
  • South Australia
    • Roxby Downs
      • Olympic Dam Mine
Ciobanu et al. (2017)
Brazil
 
  • Santa Catarina
    • Correia Pinto
      • Varela farm
Manfredi (2013) +1 other reference
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Cariboo Mining Division
      • Wicheeda Lake
Dalsin (2013) +1 other reference
  • Newfoundland and Labrador
    • Labrador
Ducharme (2020)
  • Northwest Territories
Feng et al. (2015)
SHEARD et al. (2012)
    • North Slave Region
      • Blachford Lake alkaline complex
        • Thor Lake syenite complex
Sheard (2010) +2 other references
  • Ontario
    • Thunder Bay District
McLaughlin (1990)
      • O'Meara Township
Platt & Wooley (1990)
  • Québec
    • Laurentides
      • Deux-Montagnes RCM
Gold (1969) +1 other reference
    • Montérégie
      • La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
Cheang (1977)
      • Lajemmerais RCM
        • Varennes & St-Amable
          • Saint-Amable sill
HORVÁTH (2010)
    • Nord-du-Québec
      • Nunavik
Laferrière (2011)
Petrella (2013)
    • Outaouais
      • Pontiac RCM
        • Otter Lake
Martin et al. (2018)
    • Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean
      • Le Fjord-du-Saguenay RCM
        • Saint-Honoré
Fournier (1993) +1 other reference
FOURNIER (1993)
BROSSEAU-LIARD (2012)
China
 
  • Gansu
    • Jiuquan
      • Aksai Co.
Yu et al. (2023)
  • Guangxi
    • Baise
      • Jingxi Co.
Wang et al. (2010)
  • Henan
    • Nanyang
      • Xixia County
Qu et al. (2019)
  • Hubei
    • Shiyan
      • Zhushan Co.
Li (1982) +3 other references
  • Hunan
    • Chenzhou
      • Linwu Co.
        • Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic ore field
Diao et al. (2022)
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Baotou City (Baotou Prefecture)
      • Bayan Obo mining district
        • Bayan Obo
Liu
Liu +1 other reference
Smith et al. (2000)
          • Dulahala
Yang et al. (2003)
    • Tongliao City (Tongliao Prefecture)
      • Jarud Banner (Zalute Co.)
        • Baerzhe complex
Jingzhan Zhu et al. (2013)
  • Jiangxi
    • Ganzhou
      • Dayu Co.
Guoneng Chen and Grapes (2007)
  • Shaanxi
    • Weinan
      • Huayin City
Huang et al. (1984) +3 other references
  • Shandong
    • Jining
      • Weishan County
Jingxiang et al. (2002)
  • Sichuan
    • Liangshan Yi
      • Dechang County
Yang et al. (2006)
      • Mianning County
Ge X. et al. (2017)
Dawei Meng et al. (2001)
Colombia
 
  • Boyacá Department
    • Western Boyacá Province
      • Maripí
        • La Pita
Zeug et al. (Ce)
Pogue (1916) +3 other references
Am Min 85:251-258 +1 other reference
Czech Republic
 
  • Central Bohemian Region
    • Kutná Hora District
GOLIÁŠ (2002)
        • Moldanubian Zone pegmatites
Novák et al. (2013) +1 other reference
  • South Moravian Region
    • Znojmo District
      • Rešice
Filip
DR Congo
 
  • North Kivu
    • Rutshuru Territory
      • Bwito
Nasraoui et al. (2000)
Finland
 
  • Lapland
    • Kolari
Ilkka Järvelä collection
    • Rovaniemi
Al Ani
  • North Ostrobothnia
    • Pyhäntä
Al Ani Thair and Torppa Akseli 2011. ...
France
 
  • Occitanie
    • Ariège
      • Foix
        • Luzenac
Gatel (1990)
Queneau (n.d.)
Germany
 
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Bavaria
      • Freyung-Grafenau District
        • Röhrnbach
Habel (2011)
    • Upper Franconia
      • Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge
        • Weißenstadter Forst-Nord
Wittern (2001)
  • Saxony-Anhalt
    • Harz
      • Wernigerode
        • Hasserode
Haack et al. (1987)
  • Saxony
    • Görlitz District
      • Königshain
Witzke et al. (2013)
      • Thiemendorf
Witzke et al. (2013)
Greece
 
  • North Aegean
    • Samos
      • Eastern Samos
Theye +4 other references
Greenland
 
  • Kujalleq
    • Igaliku
      • Narsaarsuk Plateau
Lapis 19 (12)
India
 
  • Rajasthan
    • Jodhpur Division
      • Barmer District
Patel et al. (2023)
Iran
 
  • West Azerbaijan Province
    • Mahabad County
Abedini et al. (2024)
Italy
 
  • Abruzzo
    • L'Aquila Province
      • Lucoli
Putzolu et al. (2018)
Putzolu et al. (2018)
  • Apulia
    • Barletta-Andria-Trani Province
      • Spinazzola
Mongelli et al. (2014)
  • Liguria
    • Savona Province
      • Magliolo
analysed by Dr. Anthony Kampf
  • Piedmont
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Crevoladossola
Lapis (10)
      • Formazza
Mattioli V. (1988) +1 other reference
      • Mergozzo
Tacconi E. (1905) +5 other references
  • Trentino-Alto Adige (Trentino-South Tyrol)
    • Trento Province (Trentino)
      • Predazzo
Vecchi et al. (2013)
Madagascar
 
  • Amoron'i Mania
    • Ambatofinandrahana District
      • Itremo
        • Imorona valley
Palache et al. (1951)
  • Diana
    • Ambanja
      • Antsirabe
Guillaume Estrade (2014)
Estrade et al. (2014)
Malawi
 
  • Southern Region
    • Phalombe
Broom-Fendley et al. (2017)
Ngwenya (1994)
    • Zomba
American Mineralogist +3 other references
Dowman et al. (2017)
Mauritania
 
  • Trarza Region
Livrable 87 +1 other reference
Mexico
 
  • Sonora
    • Cananea Municipality
      • Cananea
Tony Nikischer
Mongolia
 
  • Dornogovi Province
    • Khatanbulag District
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
Namibia
 
  • Khomas Region
    • Windhoek Rural
      • Aris
Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2012)
  • Kunene Region
    • Khorixas
Bodeving (2015)
Norway
 
  • Buskerud
Bancroft et al. (2001)
  • Nordland
    • Narvik
Vogt (1922) +1 other reference
  • Svalbard
    • Spitsbergen
      • Hornsund
Pršek et al. (2010)
  • Telemark
    • Kragerø
Kristiansen (1974) +1 other reference
    • Nome
Neumann (1985)
    • Porsgrunn
      • Auenlandet
        • Sagåsen
Andersen et al. (1996)
Knut Edvard Larsen collection (ID: XRD Alf Olav Larsen) +1 other reference
Burvald (1993) +1 other reference
Larsen et al. (2010)
Knut Edvard Larsen collection # MM-3121
  • Vestfold
    • Færder
      • Færder Islands
Larsen et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Larsen et al. (2010)
    • Holmestrand
      • Sande
Hermann Fylling
Raade (1969b, p. 237) +1 other reference
    • Horten
      • Skoppum
P. Andresen
    • Larvik
      • Lille Arøya
Brøgger (1890, January) +1 other reference
      • Tvedalen
Larsen et al. (2010)
Engvoldsen et al. (1991)
Larsen et al. (2010)
Larsen et al. (2010)
Kamphaug (1987) +1 other reference
      • Vesle Arøya
Larsen et al. (2010) +1 other reference
    • Sandefjord
      • Råstad
Larsen et al. (2010)
      • Vesterøya
Engvoldsen et al. (1991) +1 other reference
Berge (2013)
Berge et al. (2002)
  • Vestland
    • Luster
      • Berdalen
        • Hurrungane
Selbekk et al. (2006)
  • Viken
    • Lunner
      • Øståsen
Kvamsdal (1998)
    • Nittedal
Berg (1994)
Pakistan
 
  • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
    • Khyber District
Reiner Mielke
    • Mohmand District
Herb Obodda
    • Peshawar District
      • Hameed Abad Kafoor Dheri
The Mineralogical Record +1 other reference
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Jelenia Góra
Cegiełka et al. (2018)
    • Karkonosze County
      • Szklarska Poręba
Bartłomiej Kajdas (SEM-EDS)
  • Podlaskie Voivodeship
Grabarczyk et al. (2022)
Portugal
 
  • Azores
    • São Miguel
Samples collected by Luigi Chiappino ... +1 other reference
  • Madeira
    • Madeira Island
      • Machico
        • Porto da Cruz
Pedro Alves collection and analytical ...
Romania
 
  • Harghita County
Hirtopanu (2006)
Szakáll et al. (2010)
Russia
 
  • Buryatia
    • Ulan-Ude
Bulnaev et al. (2007)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Kyshtym
Kasatkin et al. (2020)
    • Vishnevye Mountains
      • Dolgaya Mt.
A.V. Kasatkin et al. (2019)
  • Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
    • Berezovo district
      • Saranpaul
Burlakov (1995)
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Boguchansky District
      • Chadobets alkaline complex
Sharygin +10 other references
    • Kuragin District
Kolotilina et al. (2024)
  • Murmansk Oblast
...
Zaitsev et al. (1998) +1 other reference
  • Republic of Karelia
    • Prionezhsky District
      • Zaonezhskoe kimberlite field
Putintseva et al. (2017)
  • Tuva
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
  • Zabaykalsky Krai
    • Kalarsky District
Victor V. Sharygin analytycal data (2012) +1 other reference
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
Ďuďa R. et al. (Schemnitz)
    • Rimavská Sobota District
      • Tisovec
Ondrejka M. et al. (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)
South Africa
 
  • Limpopo
    • Mopani District Municipality
      • Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
        • Phalaborwa
Giebel et al. (2017)
    • Sekhukhune District Municipality
      • Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality
        • Groblersdal
Atanasova et al. (2016)
    • Waterberg District Municipality
      • Mogalakwena Local Municipality
        • Mogalakwena
          • Mokopane
Cairncross et al. (1995)
  • North West
    • Bojanala Platinum District Municipality
      • Moses Kotane Local Municipality
VERWOERD (1986)
South Korea
 
  • North Chungcheong Province
    • Chungju City
      • Joongwon-gun
        • Mt. Eorae
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Spain
 
  • Canary Islands
    • Las Palmas Province
Ковальчук et al. (2014)
  • Galicia
    • Pontevedra
      • Porriño
Calvo (2012)
Sweden
 
  • Västmanland County
    • Norberg
      • Röberg ore field
Holtstam et al. (2007)
Switzerland
 
  • Valais
    • Goms
      • Binn
        • Albrunhorn - Turbhorn area
Stalder et al. (1998)
van der Burgt et al. (2005)
    • Martigny
      • Mont Chemin mining district
Stalder et al. (1998)
Ukraine
 
  • Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Donetsk Oblast
    • Azov Sea Region
      • Eastern Azov area
Sharygin et al. (2014)
      • Oktyabr'skii Massif
Dubyna O.V. et al. (2020)
  • Zhytomyr Oblast
    • Korosten Raion
L. N. Kogarko et al. (1995)
    • Zhytomyr Raion
Lyckberg et al. (2009)
USA
 
  • Arkansas
    • Pulaski County
      • Little Rock
        • Granite Mountain area
Rocks and Minerals (2000)
Rocks and Minerals (2000)
Rocks and Minerals (2000)
  • California
    • San Bernardino County
      • Clark Mts (Clark Mountain Range)
        • Mountain Pass District
          • Mountain Pass
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 183 +4 other references
Färber (n.d.)
  • Colorado
    • Gunnison County
      • White Earth Mining District (Powderhorn Mining District)
Eckel et al. (1997)
  • Idaho
    • Elmore County
Ream (2004)
  • Massachusetts
    • Norfolk County
with Notes on Microcline et al. (Amer. Jour. Sci. 4th Series, 31:533-557) +1 other reference
Palache et al. (1951)
  • Michigan
    • Marquette County
      • Republic
Travis Olds collection
  • Montana
    • Mineral County
      • Cedar Creek Mining District
Lasmanis (1977) +2 other references
    • Ravalli County
Palache et al. (1951)
  • New Mexico
    • Otero County
      • Cornudas Mountains
Michael C Michayluk Collection
  • Rhode Island
    • Providence County
      • Cumberland
Bjareby (1964) +2 other references
  • Virginia
    • Augusta County
      • Parnassus
csmres.jmu.edu (n.d.)
Vietnam
 
  • Lai Châu Province
    • Phong Tho District
      • Mt Fansipan
        • Nâm Nâm Xe REE deposit
Färber (n.d.)
Feldman l.G. et al. (1987)
  • Sơn La Province
    • Bắc Yên District
Dumańska-Słowik et al. (2023)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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