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Keketale Pb-Zn deposit (Keketala Pb-Zn deposit; Koktal Pb-Zn deposit; Koktag Pb-Zn deposit), Maizi basin, Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.), Aletai Prefecture (Altay Prefecture), Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture), Xinjiang, Chinai
Regional Level Types
Keketale Pb-Zn deposit (Keketala Pb-Zn deposit; Koktal Pb-Zn deposit; Koktag Pb-Zn deposit)Deposit
Maizi basinBasin
Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)County
Aletai Prefecture (Altay Prefecture)Prefecture
Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture)Prefecture
XinjiangAutonomous Region
ChinaCountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
47° 21' 10'' North , 89° 11' 53'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
47.35278,89.19833
GeoHash:
G#: vbrmmu21z
GRN:
N32E44
Type:
Deposit
KΓΆppen climate type:
Dfb : Warm-summer humid continental climate
Mindat Locality ID:
144272
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:144272:7
GUID (UUID V4):
579cb9d7-5c10-4363-8eaa-0a0074e65901
Name(s) in local language(s):
ε―ε―ε‘”ε‹’ι“…ι”ŒηŸΏεΊŠ, ιΊ¦ε…Ήη›†εœ°, ε―Œθ•΄εŽΏ, ι˜Ώε‹’ζ³°εœ°εŒΊ (Ψ¦Ψ§Ω„Ψͺاي Ϋ‹Ω‰Ω„Ψ§ΩŠΩ‰ΨͺΩ‰), δΌŠηŠε“ˆθ¨ε…‹θ‡ͺ治州 (Ψ¦Ψ§ΩΎΨͺΩˆΩ†ΩˆΩ… Ψ¦ΩˆΨ¨Ω„Ψ§Ψ³ΨͺΩ‰Ψ¦Ω‰Ω„Ω‰ Ω‚Ψ§Ψ²Ψ§Ω‚), 新疆维吾尔θ‡ͺ治区, δΈ­ε›½


Stratabound volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VHMS) lead-zinc deposit (consisting of 12 ore bodies), occurring in the south-eastern part of the Maizi volcano-sedimentary basin. The host rocks are mainly composed of biotite quartz schist and granoblastite intercalations with interlayers of diopside marble, garnet epidote marble, meta-tuff, meta- tuffaceous siltestone and meta-siltestone. The protoliths are sedimentary rocks, including calcareous argillaceous sandstone, siliceous rock and iron- bearing carbonate rocks formed in hot water. Meta-volcanic breccia, meta-agglomerate, meta-breccic tuff and meta-felsic lava, as well as meta tuff and mica quartz schist are underlying the host rocks. The Pb-Zn mineralization took place after the felsic eruption in the early stage of the volcanism. The orebodies are stratiform or stratiform-like. The dominant ores occur as disseminations, taxitic and massive, also banded, in breccia or net-veined. Carbonation, sericitization, silicification and disseminated pyrite appear with the mineralization. Epidotization occurs outside the orebodies, and sericitization as well as K feldspar are met in the volcanics below the host rocks.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


32 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
β“˜ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
β“˜ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
β“˜ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
β“˜ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
β“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
β“˜ 'Chlorite Group'
β“˜ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
β“˜ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
β“˜ 'Feldspar Group'
β“˜ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
β“˜ Galena
Formula: PbS
β“˜ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Geocronite
Formula: Pb14Sb6S23
β“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
β“˜ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
β“˜ Jordanite
Formula: Pb14As6S23
β“˜ 'K Feldspar'
β“˜ 'Limonite'
β“˜ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
β“˜ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
β“˜ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
β“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
β“˜ Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
β“˜ Stibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
β“˜ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
β“˜ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
β“˜ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
β“˜ Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
β“˜Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
β“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
β“˜Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
β“˜Galena2.CD.10PbS
β“˜Stibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
β“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
β“˜Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
β“˜Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
β“˜'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
β“˜Jordanite2.JB.30aPb14As6S23
β“˜Geocronite2.JB.30aPb14Sb6S23
Group 3 - Halides
β“˜Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
β“˜Anglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
β“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 Β· 2H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜Spessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
β“˜Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
β“˜Zoisite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
β“˜Diopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
β“˜Tremolite9.DE.10β—»Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜Actinolite9.DE.10β—»Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜Muscovite
var. Sericite		9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Phlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Microcline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
β“˜Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
β“˜'Limonite'-
β“˜'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
β“˜'Feldspar Group'-
β“˜'Chlorite Group'-
β“˜'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜'Hornblende Root Name Group'-β—»Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
β“˜'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜'K Feldspar'-
β“˜'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
β“˜'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
BBoron
Bβ“˜ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Oβ“˜ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Oβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oβ“˜ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oβ“˜ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oβ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fβ“˜ FluoriteCaF2
Fβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Fβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alβ“˜ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alβ“˜ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alβ“˜ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Alβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siβ“˜ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siβ“˜ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Siβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siβ“˜ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siβ“˜ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Sβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Sβ“˜ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Sβ“˜ GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
Sβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sβ“˜ JordanitePb14As6S23
Sβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Sβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
Sβ“˜ StibniteSb2S3
Sβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Clβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kβ“˜ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caβ“˜ FluoriteCaF2
Caβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caβ“˜ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caβ“˜ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Caβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Tiβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
MnManganese
Mnβ“˜ SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
FeIron
Feβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feβ“˜ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feβ“˜ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Feβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuβ“˜ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asβ“˜ JordanitePb14As6S23
ZrZirconium
Zrβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
SbAntimony
Sbβ“˜ GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
Sbβ“˜ StibniteSb2S3
Sbβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
BaBarium
Baβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
PbLead
Pbβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Pbβ“˜ GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
Pbβ“˜ JordanitePb14As6S23

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
TurkestanArea

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Wang Jingbin, Deng Jiniu, Zhang Jinhong, and Qin Kezhang (1999): Massive Sulphide Deposits Related to the Volcano-Passive Continental Margin in the Altay Region. Acta Geologica Sinica, English Edition, 73(3), 253-263.
Jinhong Zhang, Jinbin Wang, and Rufu Ding (1999): Alkaline metasomatism of marine volcanic rocks of the Keketale Pb-Zn deposit, Xinjiang. Geology and Prospecting 35(5), 4-8.
Wang Jingbin, Zhang Jinhong, Ding Rufu, and Fang Tonghui (2000): Tectono-Metallogenic System in the Altay Orogenic Belt, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 74(3), 485-491.
Xiping Zhang (2000): Geochemical exploration for polymetallic ores in volcano-sedimentary rocks - Studies in China and Finland. Dissertation. Oulu University Press, Oulu (Finland).
herkules.oulu.fi (n.d.) http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514257871/isbn9514257871.pdf
Shulai Wang, Jingbin Wang, Shenglin Peng, Zhenglin Guo, and Yinjiang Qiu (2004): REE geochemistry of ore fluids in the Koktag lead-zinc deposit, Xinjiang. Geology in China 31(3), 308-314 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geological characteristics of Pb-Zn deposits in Devonian volcanic-sedimentary basins in the south margin of Altay mountain: case study of Keketale Pb-Zn deposit, Xinjiang, China. Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33.
Chunming Han, Wenjiao Xiao, Guochun Zhao, Jingwen Mao, Sanzhong Li, Zhen Yan, and Qigui Mao (2006): Major types, characteristics and geodynamic mechanism of Upper Paleozoic copper deposits in northern Xinjiang, northwestern China. Ore Geology Reviews 28, 308-328.
Jiaxin Teng and Qingming Wang (2006): Major ore deposits in Altay metallogenic zone and prospecting areas. Northwestern Geology 39(2), 17-33 (in Chinese with English abstract).
www.portergeo.com.au (n.d.) http://www.portergeo.com.au/database/mineinfo.asp?mineid=mn1049
Wan, B. et al. (2010): Geological and geochemical characteristics and ore genesis of the Keketale VMS Pb–Zn deposit, Southern Altai Metallogenic Belt, NW China. Ore Geology Reviews 37, 114-126.
Sun, C., Yang, X., Zhang, H., Ji, W., Chen, B., Dong, Z., ... & Xi, D. (2022). Tracing the formation and modification of the Keketale VMS-type Pb-Zn deposit, Altai Mountains: Insights from ore deposit geology, geochronology, and magnetite geochemistry. Ore Geology Reviews, 144, 104852.
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