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Whakaari (White Island), Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealandi
Regional Level Types
Whakaari (White Island)Volcano (Active)
Bay of Plenty RegionRegion
New ZealandCountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
06568210014962345167245.jpg
Crater from sea

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
07181230014962345165929.jpg
View from crater out to sea.

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
08142830014952323609380.jpg
White Island 1984

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
06568210014962345167245.jpg
Crater from sea

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
00243230014950618423577.jpg
View from crater out to sea.

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
08142830014952323609380.jpg
White Island 1984

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
06568210014962345167245.jpg
Crater from sea

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
07181230014962345165929.jpg
View from crater out to sea.

Whakaari, Bay of Plenty Region, New Zealand
Type:
Volcano (Active) - last checked 2022
Mindat Locality ID:
15255
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:15255:5
GUID (UUID V4):
1a284853-c63a-4287-a11b-277111157409
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
White Island
Other Languages:
View 12 more...
French:
White Island, baie de l'Abondance, Nouvelle-Zélande
German:
White Island, Bay of Plenty, Neuseeland
Italian:
Whakaari/White Island, Bay of Plenty, Nuova Zelanda
Maori:
Te Puia o Whakaari, Te Moana-a-Toi, Aotearoa
Russian:
Уайт-Айленд, Бей-оф-Пленти, Новая Зеландия
Simplified Chinese:
白島 , 普伦蒂湾大区, 新西兰
Spanish:
Isla Whakaari, Bay of Plenty, Nueva Zelanda
Catalan:
White Island, Bay of Plenty, Nova Zelanda
Czech:
Whakaari/White Island, Bay of Plenty, Nový Zéland
Dutch:
White Island, Bay of Plenty, Nieuw-Zeeland
Esperanto:
Blanka Insulo, Regiono Golfo de Abundo, Nov-Zelando
Galician:
Illa Whakaari / White, Nova Zelandia
Greek:
Νήσος Χουάιτ , Μπέι οφ Πλέντι, Νέα Ζηλανδία
Hebrew:
האי וייט, ביי אוף פלנטי, ניו זילנד
Japanese:
ホワイト島 , ベイ・オブ・プレンティ, ニュージーランド
Korean:
와카아리/화이트 섬, 베이오브플렌티 지방, 뉴질랜드
Macedonian:
Бел Остров, Залив Пленти, Нов Зеланд
Polish:
White, Bay of Plenty, Nowa Zelandia
Slovak:
White Island, Nový Zéland


An uninhabited island with an area of approximately 800 acres. White Island, is regarded as one of New Zealand's most active volcanoes and is the emergent summit of a 16 x 18 km submarine andesite stratovolcano in the Bay of Plenty about 50 kms offshore of North Island.

The island has been in a state of frequent eruptions from 1976 to 2019.

The 321 metre high island consists of two overlapping andesitic-to-dacitic stratovolcanoes; the summit crater appears to be breached to the SE because the shoreline corresponds to the level of several notches in the SE crater wall.

Volckner Rocks, four sea stacks that are remnants of a lava dome, lie 5 km NNE of White Island. Intermittent moderate phreatomagmatic and strombolian eruptions have occurred at White Island throughout the short historical period beginning in 1826, but its activity also forms a prominent part of Maori legends. Formation of many new vents during the 19th and 20th centuries has produced rapid changes in crater floor topography.

Sulphur mining was carried out from 1885 but ceased in 1914 when a crater wall collapsed and produced a debris avalanche that buried buildings and resulted in the deaths of ten mine workers at the sulfur-mining project.

The volcano erupted again on 9 December 2019 causing further loss of life (22 as of 31 July 2020). These included two people previously classed as missing were presumed dead by the coroner and one died in July in an overseas hospital while receiving treatment for injuries received during the eruption. A further 25 suffered injuries (many life threatening).

Not to be confused with White Island off the coast of Dunedin in the South Island.


Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


21 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Akaganeite
Formula: (Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
ⓘ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Alunogen
Formula: Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ Chalcanthite
Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O
ⓘ Cristobalite
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
ⓘ Ferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ 'Hypersthene'
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Natroalunite
Formula: NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Sulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ Tridymite
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘSulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘTridymite4.DA.10SiO2
ⓘCristobalite4.DA.15SiO2
ⓘAkaganeite4.DK.05(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘAlunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘNatroalunite7.BC.10NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘChalcanthite7.CB.20CuSO4 · 5H2O
ⓘAlunogen7.CB.45Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
ⓘHalotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘFerrosilite9.DA.05Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘWollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Unclassified
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Hypersthene'-(Mg,Fe)SiO3
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Akaganeite(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
Hⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Hⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
OOxygen
Oⓘ Akaganeite(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
Oⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Oⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Oⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Oⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
NaSodium
Naⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mgⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Alⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Siⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Siⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Siⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
SSulfur
Sⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ NatroaluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ SulphurS8
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Akaganeite(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
KPotassium
Kⓘ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
CaCalcium
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
FeIron
Feⓘ Akaganeite(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Feⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Feⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
NiNickel
Niⓘ Akaganeite(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · nH2O
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O

Fossils

There are 1 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

BETA TEST - These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences1
Youngest Fossil Listed
Oldest Fossil Listed0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Mesoplodon ginkgodens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Hyperoodontidae : Mesoplodon : Mesoplodon ginkgodens0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 1 fossil locality

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whakaari_/_White_Island
Wikidata ID:Q557077
GeoNames ID:6248842


This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Nairn, I.A., Houghton, B.F., Cole, J.W. 1996 Volcanic hazards at White Island. 2nd ed. [Palmerston North, NZ]: Ministry of Civil Defence. Volcanic hazards information series 3, 27 pages.
Johnston, J.H. (1977) Jarosite and akaganéite from White Island Volcano, New Zealand: an X-ray and Mossbauer study. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 41(4), 539-544.
Railton, G. T., Watters, W. A. (1990) Minerals of New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin 104. New Zealand Geological Survey
Giggenbach, W.F., Matsuo, S. (1991) Evaluation of results from Second and Third IAVCEI Field Workshops on Volcanic Gases Mt Usu, Japan, and White Island, New Zealand. Applied Geochemistry, 6(2), 125-141.
www.whiteisland.co.nz (n.d.) https://www.whiteisland.co.nz/
Cole, J.W., Thordarson, T., Burt, R.M. (2000) Magma Origin and Evolution of White Island (Whakaari) Volcano, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Journal of Petrology, 41(6), 867-895.
Letham-Brake, M.J. (2013) Geological constraints on fluid flow at Whakaari volcano (White Island). Unpublished thesis, MSc in Geology, University of Canterbury, New Zealand, 90 pages.
www.geonet.org.nz (n.d.) https://www.geonet.org.nz/volcano/whiteisland
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