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Birch Lake Deposit, Ely-Hoyt Lakes Area, St. Louis County, Minnesota, USAi
Regional Level Types
Birch Lake DepositDeposit
Ely-Hoyt Lakes AreaArea
St. Louis CountyCounty
MinnesotaState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
47° 45' 1'' North , 91° 49' 4'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
47.75028,-91.81778
GeoHash:
G#: cbqxwssmd
GRN:
N32W46
Type:
Deposit
KΓΆppen climate type:
Dfb : Warm-summer humid continental climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Babbitt1,519 (2017)10.6km
Ely3,408 (2017)17.4km
Winton172 (2017)19.6km
Soudan446 (2017)32.2km
Tower496 (2017)34.7km
Mindat Locality ID:
166723
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:166723:6
GUID (UUID V4):
8211c4ab-fa57-4f27-8735-daa0ad5def00


Commodities (Major) - PGE - Palladium, Nickel, Copper, PGE - Platinum; (Minor) - PGE - Rhodium, Titanium, Cobalt; (Trace) - Silver, Gold
Development Status: Prospect
Deposit Model: 9: Duluth Cu-Ni-PGE
Host Rock Unit: Duluth Complex, South Kawishiwi Intrusion.
Structure: Breccia Zones, Faulting Related To Rift Origin Of Duluth Complex, Serpentization
Host Rock: Gabbro
Tectonic Structure: Midcontinent Rift

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


25 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Altaite
Formula: PbTe
β“˜ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
β“˜ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
β“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
β“˜ 'Chlorite Group'
β“˜ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
β“˜ Copper
Formula: Cu
β“˜ Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
β“˜ Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
β“˜ Galena
Formula: PbS
β“˜ Gold
Formula: Au
β“˜ Haycockite
Formula: Cu4Fe5S8
β“˜ Heazlewoodite
Formula: Ni3S2
β“˜ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
β“˜ Mackinawite
Formula: FeS
β“˜ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜ Millerite
Formula: NiS
β“˜ Mooihoekite
Formula: Cu9Fe9S16
β“˜ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Ξ£9S8
β“˜ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜ Putoranite ?
Formula: Cu1.1Fe1.2S2
β“˜ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
β“˜ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
β“˜ Silver
Formula: Ag
β“˜ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
β“˜ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
β“˜ Talnakhite
Formula: Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
β“˜ Troilite
Formula: FeS

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
β“˜Copper1.AA.05Cu
β“˜Silver1.AA.05Ag
β“˜Gold1.AA.05Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Chalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
β“˜Digenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
β“˜Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
β“˜Heazlewoodite2.BB.05Ni3S2
β“˜Pentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Ξ£9S8
β“˜Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
β“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
β“˜Putoranite ?2.CB.10bCu1.1Fe1.2S2
β“˜Mooihoekite2.CB.10bCu9Fe9S16
β“˜Talnakhite2.CB.10bCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
β“˜Haycockite2.CB.10bCu4Fe5S8
β“˜Cubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
β“˜Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
β“˜Troilite2.CC.10FeS
β“˜Millerite2.CC.20NiS
β“˜Mackinawite2.CC.25FeS
β“˜Galena2.CD.10PbS
β“˜Altaite2.CD.10PbTe
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Spinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
β“˜Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Chromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
β“˜Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Unclassified
β“˜'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜'Chlorite Group'-
β“˜'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hβ“˜ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oβ“˜ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siβ“˜ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sβ“˜ ChalcociteCu2S
Sβ“˜ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Sβ“˜ DigeniteCu9S5
Sβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Sβ“˜ HaycockiteCu4Fe5S8
Sβ“˜ HeazlewooditeNi3S2
Sβ“˜ MackinawiteFeS
Sβ“˜ MilleriteNiS
Sβ“˜ MooihoekiteCu9Fe9S16
Sβ“˜ Pentlandite(NixFey)Ξ£9S8
Sβ“˜ PutoraniteCu1.1Fe1.2S2
Sβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
Sβ“˜ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
Sβ“˜ TroiliteFeS
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
TiTitanium
Tiβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
CrChromium
Crβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
FeIron
Feβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feβ“˜ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feβ“˜ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Feβ“˜ HaycockiteCu4Fe5S8
Feβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feβ“˜ MackinawiteFeS
Feβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ MooihoekiteCu9Fe9S16
Feβ“˜ Pentlandite(NixFey)Ξ£9S8
Feβ“˜ PutoraniteCu1.1Fe1.2S2
Feβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feβ“˜ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
Feβ“˜ TroiliteFeS
NiNickel
Niβ“˜ HeazlewooditeNi3S2
Niβ“˜ MilleriteNiS
Niβ“˜ Pentlandite(NixFey)Ξ£9S8
Niβ“˜ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuβ“˜ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuβ“˜ CubaniteCuFe2S3
Cuβ“˜ CopperCu
Cuβ“˜ DigeniteCu9S5
Cuβ“˜ HaycockiteCu4Fe5S8
Cuβ“˜ MooihoekiteCu9Fe9S16
Cuβ“˜ PutoraniteCu1.1Fe1.2S2
Cuβ“˜ TalnakhiteCu9(Fe,Ni)8S16
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
AgSilver
Agβ“˜ SilverAg
TeTellurium
Teβ“˜ AltaitePbTe
AuGold
Auβ“˜ GoldAu
PbLead
Pbβ“˜ AltaitePbTe
Pbβ“˜ GalenaPbS

Other Databases

Link to USGS MRDS:10072944

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Bonnichsen, B. (1974) Copper and nickel resources in the Duluth Complex, Minnesota: Minnesota Geological Survey Information Circular 10, 24 p.
Page, N.J. (1986) Descriptive model of Duluth Cu-Ni-PGE: in Cox, D.P. & Singer, D.A. editors: Mineral Deposit Models: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1693, p. 16.
Good, D., Borysenko, J., McBride, J., Walford, P., Smyk, M., Hollings, P., ... & Corkery, J. (2010) Cu-Ni-PGE Deposits in Mafic Intrusions of the Lake Superior Region June 24-30, 2010. 11th International Platinum Symposium
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