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Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italyi
Regional Level Types
CarraraCommune
Massa-Carrara ProvinceProvince
TuscanyRegion
Italy- not defined -

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PhotosMapsSearch
08821880015261425284339.jpg
Panorama view of Carrara, in 1958.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
05881350015535027483589.jpg
View of the Carrara marble quarrying, in 1909.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
03293370015535027499863.jpg
View of the Carrara marble quarrying, in 1962.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
00394790015261385343123.jpg
Panorama view of Carrara, in 1958.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
06947030015260445313992.jpg
View of the Carrara marble quarrying, in 1909.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
05259370015261386664608.jpg
View of the Carrara marble quarrying, in 1962.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
08821880015261425284339.jpg
Panorama view of Carrara, in 1958.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
09374190015260704075117.jpg
View of the Carrara marble quarrying, in 1909.

Carrara, Massa-Carrara Province, Tuscany, Italy
Type:
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Carrara58,666 (2018)
Marina di Carrara25,000 (2011)
Gragnana917 (2014)
Bedizzano797 (2014)
Codena745 (2014)
Torano670 (2014)
Mindat Locality ID:
2147
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:2147:3
GUID (UUID V4):
5755ff06-8d28-4b4f-b6d1-0de1e77d647b
Other Languages:
French:
Carrare, Province de Massa-Carrara (Province de Masse et Carrare), Toscane, Italie
German:
Carrara, Provinz Massa-Carrara (Provinz Massa und Carrara), Toskana, Italien
Italian:
Carrara, Provincia di Massa-Carrara (Provincia di Massa e Carrara), Toscana, Italia
Russian:
Каррара, Провинция Масса-Каррара (Провинция Масса и Каррара), Тоскана, Италия
Simplified Chinese:
卡拉拉, 馬薩-卡拉拉省, 托斯卡纳, 意大利
Spanish:
Carrara, Provincia de Massa-Carrara (Provincia de Massa y Carrara), Toscana, Italia
Arabic:
كرارا, مقاطعة ماسا كرارا, توسكانا, إيطاليا
Armenian:
Կարարա, Մասսա-Կարարա, Տոսկանա, Իտալիա
Asturian:
Carrara, Provincia de Massa y Carrara, Toscana, Italia
Azeri:
Karrara, Massa və Karrara əyaləti, Toskana, İtaliya
Basque:
Carrara, Massa-Carrarako probintzia, Toskana, Italia
Belarusian:
Карара, правінцыя Маса-Карара, Таскана, Італія
Breton:
Carrara, Proviñs Massa-Carrara, Toskana, Italia
Bulgarian:
Карара, Маса и Карара, Тоскана, Италия
Catalan:
Carrara, Província de Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Itàlia
Cebuano:
Carrara, Provincia di Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italya
Central Bikol:
Carrara, Provincia nin Massa-Carrara, Tuscany, Italya
Corsican:
Carrara, Pruvincia di Massa è Carrara, Tuscana, Italia
Czech:
Carrara, Provincie Massa-Carrara, Toskánsko, Itálie
Danish:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italien
Dutch:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toscane, Italië
Emilian-Romagnol:
Carara (Carēra), Pruvèinsa ed Massa-Carara (Provênsa 'd Massa-Carara; Pruvîncia ed Massa-Carēra), Tuschèna (Tuscana; Tuscâna; Toscäna), Itâlia
Esperanto:
Kararo, Provinco Massa-Kararo, Toskanio, Italio
Estonian:
Carrara, Massa ja Carrara provints, Toscana, Itaalia
Farsi/Persian:
کارارا, استان ماسا-کارارا, توسکانی, ایتالیا
Finnish:
Carrara, Massa-Carraran maakunta, Toscana, Italia
Greek:
Καρράρα, Μάσσα-Καρράρα, Τοσκάνη, Ιταλία
Hebrew:
קרארה, מאסה-קרארה, טוסקנה, איטליה
Hungarian:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara megye, Toszkána, Olaszország
Indonesian:
Carrara, Provinsi Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italia
Japanese:
カッラーラ, マッサ=カッラーラ県, トスカーナ州, イタリア
Kazakh (Cyrillic Script):
Каррара, Тоскана, Италия
Korean:
카라라, 마사에카라라현, 토스카나주, 이탈리아
Latin:
Carraria (Cararia), Provincia Massensis et Carrariensis (Provincia Massae et Carrariae), Tuscia, Italia
Latvian:
Karrāra, Masas-Karrāras province, Toskāna, Itālija
Lithuanian:
Karara, Masos-Kararos provincija, Toskana, Italija
Lombard:
Carara, Pruvincia de Massa e Carrara, Toscana, Italia
Luxembourgish:
Carrara, Toskana, Italien
Malay:
Carrara, Wilayah Massa-Carrara, Tuscany, Itali
Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara Séng, Toscana, Italia
Neapolitan:
Carrara, Toscana, Italia
Norwegian:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italia
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Carrara, Provinsen Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italia
Occitan:
Carrara, Província de Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Itàlia
Piedmontese:
Carara, Provincia ëd Massa-Carara, Toscan-a, Italia
Polish:
Carrara, Prowincja Massa-Carrara, Toskania, Włochy
Portuguese:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Itália
Romanian:
Carrara, Provincia Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italia
Sanskrit:
कार्रारा, इटली
Scots:
Carrara, Province o Massa an Carrara, Tuscany, Italy
Serbian:
Карара, Маса-Карара, Тоскана, Италија
Serbo-Croatian:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toskana, Italija
Sicilian:
Carrara, Pruvincia di Massa Carrara, Tuscana, Italia
Silesian:
Carrara, Italijo
Slovak:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara , Toskánsko, Taliansko
Slovenian:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toskana, Italija
South Azerbaijani:
کارارا, ماسا-کارارا اوستانی, توسکانی, ایتالیا
Swedish:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italien
Tagalog:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Tuscany, Italya
Tarantino:
Carrara, Provinge de Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Itaglie
Tatar:
Каррара, Тоскана, Италия
Tibetan (Standard):
ཀ་རཱ་ར།, ཨི་ཏ་ལི།
Turkish:
Carrara, Massa ve Carrara ili, Toskana, İtalya
Ukrainian:
Каррара, Масса-Каррара , Тоскана, Італія
Urdu:
کارارا, صوبہ ماسا اور کارارا, تسکانہ, اطالیہ
Vietnamese:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Ý
Volapük:
Carrara, Litaliyän
Waray:
Carrara, Massa-Carrara, Toscana, Italya
Welsh:
Carrara, Toscana, Yr Eidal


The city of Carrara and its surrounding territory is known worldwide for the white and blue-grey marble quarried there. The current city originated from the borough built to house workers in the marble quarries opened by the Romans after their conquest of Liguria in the early 2nd century BC. In antiquity, marble was exported from the nearby harbour of Luna (Luni) at the mouth of the River Magra. The Pantheon and Trajan's Column in Rome are constructed of it, and many famous sculptures of the Renaissances were carved from the most valuable of its varieties, known as "Statuario marble".

In 1929, the municipalities of Carrara, Massa, and Montignoso were merged in a single municipality, called Apuania. In 1945, the previous situation was restored.

Carrara is the most important marble district of the Apuan Alps and a huge number of marble quarries is present in this area. The quarry density is among the greatest in the world: only in the municipal territory of Carrara, there are at least 7 quarries/km2, while the Apuan average is 0.33 quarries/km2 and the Italian average is 0.03 quarries/km2. Another important marble district is to the south-east in the municipal territory of Massa.

The Carrara marble district is subdivided into several quarrying basins substantially corresponding to four valleys coming down from Monte Maggiore (1389 m a.s.l.) and Monte Sagro (1749 m a.s.l.) to the city of Carrara. From west to east these basins are conventionally named the Pescina-Boccanaglia, Torano, Miseglia (or Miseglia-Fantiscritti), and Colonnata basins.

In this area, where marble was quarried already in Roman times, there are 167 quarries. Among them, about 90 are still active: 12 of them are partially or fully quarried underground, while the others are open-air workings.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

126 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 4 erroneous literature entries.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Paragenesis


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Detailed Mineral List:

Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Adamite
Formula: Zn2(AsO4)(OH)
Aikinite
Formula: PbCuBiS3
Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 33 localities in this region.
References:
'Allanite Group'
Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alumohydrocalcite
Formula: CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Anatase
Formula: TiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
References:
Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Andradite var. Topazolite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
Description: As inclusions in quartz crystals (Aloisi, 1909; Orlandi & Bellè, 2002, and other authors). Probale anhydrite as inclusion in sellaite crystal (Pelloux, 1919).
References:
Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Aurichalcite
Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Boulangerite
Formula: Pb5Sb4S11
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
References:
Bournonite
Formula: PbCuSbS3
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Brannerite
Formula: UTi2O6
Braunite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
Brookite
Formula: TiO2
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 41 localities in this region.
Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite
Formula: (Ca,Fe)CO3
Cannizzarite
Formula: Pb48Bi56S132
Carraraite
Formula: Ca3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Chalcophyllite
Formula: Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Chloritoid
Formula: (Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cinnabar
Formula: HgS
Description: Erroneously attributed to the Gioia quarries by Orlandi (1999), the mineral was actually found in the Madielle quarries, Massa (Orlandi & Bellè, 2002).
Claraite
Formula: (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Colusite
Formula: Cu13VAs3S16
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Conichalcite
Formula: CaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Connellite
Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Cornubite
Formula: Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4
Cosalite
Formula: Pb2Bi2S5
Covellite
Formula: CuS
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Cualstibite
Formula: Cu2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Dawsonite
Formula: NaAlCO3(OH)2
Descloizite
Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH)
Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 34 localities in this region.
References:
Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite
Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Description: Reported as tourmaline in Orlandi & Bianchi (1976).
Enargite
Formula: Cu3AsS4
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Description: A greenish, elongated, pseudoprismatic crystal, attaining ca. 1 mm in length, was classified as epidote by D'Achiardi (1906). XRD analyses performed by Paolo Orlandi on the same crystal have shown that it is sphalerite with an unusual habit (Franzini et al., 1982).
Famatinite
Formula: Cu3SbS4
Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
References:
Fraipontite
Formula: (Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
Gasparite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(AsO4)
Geocronite
Formula: Pb14Sb6S23
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Gibbsite
Formula: Al(OH)3
Description: The mineral previously classified as gibbsite (Orlandi & Bianchi, 1976) is nordstrandite (Orlandi & Del Chiaro, 1989).
Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
Greenockite
Formula: CdS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
Halloysite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Hematite var. Iron Rose
Formula: Fe2O3
Hemimorphite
Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Hydrohalloysite
Formula: Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
Hydrozincite
Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Jordanite
Formula: Pb14As6S23
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Kësterite
Formula: Cu2ZnSnS4
'K Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
References:
'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
References:
Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Lavendulan
Formula: NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
'Limonite'
Lithiophorite
Formula: (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Description: Described at Lorano quarries by Orlandi et al. (1980) as lithiophorite, in the form of dark brown earthy globules in association with quartz and dolomite. Chemical analyses showed the presence of abundant Mn and traces of Zi, Ni, Cu, and Co. According to Biagioni et al. (2019), it is unlikely that this mineral is lithiophorite, due to the absence of Al. It is more correctly ascribable to an uncharachterised manganese oxide (see manganese oxides).
Livingstonite
Formula: HgSb4S6(S2)
Luzonite
Formula: Cu3AsS4
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
'Manganese Oxides'
Description: Described as lithiophorite by Orlandi et al. (1980), in the form of dark brown earthy globules in association with quartz and dolomite. Chemical analyses showed the presence of abundant Mn and traces of Zi, Ni, Cu, and Co. According to Biagioni et al. (2019), it is unlikely that this mineral is lithiophorite, due to the absence of Al. Consequently, it is more correctly ascribable to an uncharachterised manganese oxide.
Manganite
Formula: Mn3+O(OH)
Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
'Mica Group'
Mimetite
Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl
Mixite
Formula: BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Moëloite
Formula: Pb6Sb6S14(S3)
Monazite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4)
Description: In association with chlorite and dravite.
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Mushistonite
Formula: (Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
Nordstrandite
Formula: Al(OH)3
Olivenite
Formula: Cu2(AsO4)(OH)
Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Orpiment ?
Formula: As2S3
Description: Described by D'Achiardi (1899 and 1905) and Giampaoli as an alteration product of realgar, in the form of thin yellow scales and orange-yellow spots on the former. The yellow to yellow-orange mineral described by these two authors, and later mentioned by other authors, is actually pararealgar. In fact, orpiment cannot derive from the alteration of realgar, that usually alters into pararealgar (e.g., Bonazzi et al., 2006). Consequently, the occurrence of orpiment from the cavities of the Carrara marble has to be considered as questionable (Biagioni et al., 2019).
References:
Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Oxy-dravite
Formula: Na(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Pararealgar
Formula: As4S4
Description: The thin yellow scales and orange-yellow spots on realgar, described by D'Achiardi (1899 and 1905) and Giampaoli, are ascribable to pararealgar (Biagioni et al., 2019).
Parnauite
Formula: Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O
Piemontite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Colour: Deep red.
Description: REE-rich piemontite with total amount of rare earth elements ranging from 2.85 to 8.06 (oxides) wt% (La is the prevaling element). It appears as bended veinleits, about 1 cm thiek, cuttinga quartzite matrix. Associated minerals are braunite, Mn-oxides, titanite, apatite and mica.
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 41 localities in this region.
Description: Locality indicated as Pianello quarry (Cava del Pianello) by Giampaoli (1897) and D'Achiardi (1905).
References:
Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 46 localities in this region.
Habit: Most are short-prismatic, but elongated and tapered crystals occur. Aloisi (1909) reported 36 different crystallographic forms.
Colour: colorless
Description: Perfectly clear rock crystals with good luster ("Diamanti di Carrara"). Rich in crystallographic forms. Crystals up to 10 cm have been found. Their first description is given by Agostino Del Riccio (1597).
References:
Realgar
Formula: As4S4
References:
Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
Rosasite
Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Roscoelite
Formula: K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
References:
Seligmannite
Formula: PbCuAsS3
Sellaite
Formula: MgF2
Description: The loose transparent crystal studied by Pelloux (1919) is without any doubt sellaite. It contains small inclusions of sulphur, gypsum, and probably anhydrite as at the type locality (Gébroulaz glacier, Savoie, France). According to Orlandi & Criscuolo (2009), the occurrence of sellaite within the Carrara marble cavities should be considered questionable. In fact, there are no evidences that the sample studied by Pelloux (1919) had been actually collected at Carrara. A possible fraud in the provenance of the studied material (Gébroulaz and not Carrara) could not be excluded.
References:
Semseyite
Formula: Pb9Sb8S21
Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
Smythite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 31 localities in this region.
References:
Stibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Habit: Acicular aggregates
Colour: White
Description: This species is not so common in the Carrara marble district. Usually aggregates reach 1-1.5 mm in size and they can be found in veins filled with crystallized calcite (see pictured specimens).
Sulphur
Formula: S8
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
References:
Sulvanite
Formula: Cu3VS4
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
References:
Tangeite
Formula: CaCu(VO4)(OH)
'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Theisite
Formula: Cu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
Thorite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
Description: Found only once at Val Bona quarry, as a mm-sized globular aggregate, characterised by a "bread-crust" surface, white-greenish in colour, friable, overgrown by small chalcopyrite crystals. Chemical analyses (Orlandi & Del Chiaro, 1989) showed a ThO2 content close to 55 wt.%, UO2 close to 40 wt.%, and a low amount of SiO2 (5 wt.%). According to these authors, the mineral could be classified as an intermediate member between "thorogummite" and coffinite. "Thorogummite" has been discredited as a valid species in 2014 (IMA14-B). However, Biagioni et al. (2019) have pointed out that, if the chemical data given by Orlandi & Del Chiaro (1989) are reliable, the empirical chemical formula for "thorogummite" from Val Bona, recalculated on the basis of (Th+U) = 1 atom per formula unit, is (Th0.58U0.42)(SiO4)0.23(OH)3.08, i.e. that of a phase different from thorite. Consequently, further studies on this specimen would be desirable.
Thorite var. Thorogummite
Formula: (Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Description: Found only once at Val Bona quarry, as a mm-sized globular aggregate, characterised by a "bread-crust" surface, white-greenish in colour, friable, overgrown by small chalcopyrite crystals. Chemical analyses (Orlandi & Del Chiaro, 1989) showed a ThO2 content close to 55 wt.%, UO2 close to 40 wt.%, and a low amount of SiO2 (5 wt.%). According to these authors, the mineral could be classified as an intermediate member between "thorogummite" and coffinite. "Thorogummite" has been discredited as a valid species in 2014 (IMA14-B). However, Biagioni et al. (2019) have pointed out that, if the chemical data given by Orlandi & Del Chiaro (1989) are reliable, the empirical chemical formula for "thorogummite" from Val Bona, recalculated on the basis of (Th+U) = 1 atom per formula unit, is (Th0.58U0.42)(SiO4)0.23(OH)3.08, i.e. that of a phase different from thorite. Consequently, further studies on this specimen would be desirable.
Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Todorokite
Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Tyrolite
Formula: Ca2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Vaesite
Formula: NiS2
Vanadinite
Formula: Pb5(VO4)3Cl
Vésigniéite
Formula: BaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2
Volborthite
Formula: Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)
Wurtzite
Formula: (Zn,Fe)S
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
References:
Zaccagnaite (TL)
Formula: Zn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O
Zincalstibite (TL)
Formula: Zn2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Zinkenite
Formula: Pb9Sb22S42
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Description: As an accessory mineral in the rock.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Chalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
Digenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
Covellite2.CA.05aCuS
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Kësterite 2.CB.15aCu2ZnSnS4
Colusite2.CB.30Cu13VAs3S16
Greenockite2.CB.45CdS
Wurtzite2.CB.45(Zn,Fe)S
Sulvanite2.CB.70Cu3VS4
Smythite2.CC.10(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
Galena2.CD.10PbS
Cinnabar ?2.CD.15aHgS
Stibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Vaesite2.EB.05aNiS2
Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
Realgar2.FA.15aAs4S4
Pararealgar2.FA.15bAs4S4
Orpiment ?2.FA.30As2S3
Bournonite2.GA.50PbCuSbS3
Seligmannite2.GA.50PbCuAsS3
'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Aikinite2.HB.05aPbCuBiS3
Semseyite2.HC.10dPb9Sb8S21
Boulangerite2.HC.15Pb5Sb4S11
Moëloite2.HC.25Pb6Sb6S14(S3)
Livingstonite2.JA.05iHgSb4S6(S2)
Cosalite2.JB.10Pb2Bi2S5
Cannizzarite2.JB.20Pb48Bi56S132
Jordanite2.JB.30aPb14As6S23
Geocronite2.JB.30aPb14Sb6S23
Zinkenite2.JB.35aPb9Sb22S42
Enargite2.KA.05Cu3AsS4
Luzonite2.KA.10Cu3AsS4
Famatinite2.KA.10Cu3SbS4
Group 3 - Halides
Sellaite3.AB.15MgF2
Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Connellite3.DA.25Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Goethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
Cuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
var. Iron Rose4.CB.05Fe2O3
Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
Anatase4.DD.05TiO2
Brookite4.DD.10TiO2
Brannerite4.DH.05UTi2O6
Todorokite4.DK.10(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Uraninite4.DL.05UO2
Cualstibite4.FB.10Cu2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Zincalstibite (TL)4.FB.10Zn2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Mushistonite4.FC.10(Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
Manganite4.FD.15Mn3+O(OH)
Nordstrandite4.FE.10Al(OH)3
Gibbsite ?4.FE.10Al(OH)3
Lithiophorite ?4.FE.25(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Siderite5.AB.05FeCO3
Smithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
var. Iron-bearing Calcite5.AB.05(Ca,Fe)CO3
Rhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
Dolomite
var. Iron-bearing Dolomite
5.AB.10Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Strontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
Aragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
Cerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
Azurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Rosasite5.BA.10(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hydrozincite5.BA.15Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Aurichalcite5.BA.15(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Dawsonite5.BB.10NaAlCO3(OH)2
Claraite5.DA.30(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
Zaccagnaite (TL)5.DA.45Zn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O
Alumohydrocalcite5.DB.05CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Anhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
Celestine7.AD.35SrSO4
Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Carraraite7.DG.15Ca3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Wulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Monazite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(PO4)
Gasparite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(AsO4)
Olivenite8.BB.30Cu2(AsO4)(OH)
Adamite8.BB.30Zn2(AsO4)(OH)
Cornubite8.BD.30Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4
Theisite8.BE.75Cu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
Conichalcite8.BH.35CaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Tangeite8.BH.35CaCu(VO4)(OH)
Descloizite8.BH.40PbZn(VO4)(OH)
Vésigniéite8.BH.45BaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2
Vanadinite8.BN.05Pb5(VO4)3Cl
Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
Mimetite8.BN.05Pb5(AsO4)3Cl
Chalcophyllite8.DF.30Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Parnauite8.DF.35Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O
Lavendulan8.DG.05NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
Mixite8.DL.15BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Tyrolite8.DM.10Ca2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
Volborthite8.FD.05Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Spessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Andradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
var. Topazolite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
Thorite9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
var. Thorogummite9.AD.30(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Kyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
Chloritoid9.AF.85(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Braunite9.AG.05Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
Hemimorphite9.BD.10Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Piemontite9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Epidote ?9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oxy-dravite9.CK.05Na(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Dravite9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Actinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Tremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Pyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Roscoelite9.EC.15K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Hydrohalloysite9.ED.10Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
Halloysite9.ED.10Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Fraipontite9.ED.15(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Chrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Orthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
'Mica Group'-
'Limonite'-
'K Feldspar'-
'Chlorite Group'-
'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
'Manganese Oxides'-
'K Feldspar
var. Adularia'
-KAlSi3O8
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
H AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
H AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
H Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
H Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
H AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
H ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
H Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
H ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
H Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
H ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
H ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
H CornubiteCu5(AsO4)2(OH)4
H CualstibiteCu2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
H DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
H DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
H DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
H GibbsiteAl(OH)3
H Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
H GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
H HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
H HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
H HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
H LavendulanNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
H Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
H ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
H MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
H MixiteBiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Mushistonite(Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
H NordstranditeAl(OH)3
H OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
H OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H ParnauiteCu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O
H Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
H PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
H Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
H RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H TheisiteCu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
H Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
H Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
H Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
H TyroliteCa2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
H TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
H VésigniéiteBaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2
H VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
H CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
H ZincalstibiteZn2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
H HydrohalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
H ZaccagnaiteZn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O
H Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
H ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
H Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
LiLithium
Li Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
BBoron
B DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
B Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
CCarbon
C AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
C AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
C AragoniteCaCO3
C Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
C AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
C CalciteCaCO3
C CerussitePbCO3
C Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
C DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
C DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
C HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
C MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
C RhodochrositeMnCO3
C Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
C SideriteFeCO3
C SmithsoniteZnCO3
C StrontianiteSrCO3
C TyroliteCa2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
C CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
C Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
C ZaccagnaiteZn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O
C Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
OOxygen
O Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
O AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
O K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
O Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
O AnataseTiO2
O AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O AnhydriteCaSO4
O AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
O AragoniteCaCO3
O Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
O AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
O BaryteBaSO4
O BranneriteUTi2O6
O BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
O BrookiteTiO2
O CalciteCaCO3
O CelestineSrSO4
O CerussitePbCO3
O ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
O Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
O ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
O Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
O ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
O ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
O CornubiteCu5(AsO4)2(OH)4
O CualstibiteCu2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
O CupriteCu2O
O DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
O DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
O DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
O DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
O Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
O Gasparite-(Ce)Ce(AsO4)
O GibbsiteAl(OH)3
O Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
O GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
O HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
O HematiteFe2O3
O HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
O HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
O IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
O KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
O LavendulanNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
O Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
O ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
O MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
O MixiteBiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
O Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Mushistonite(Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
O NordstranditeAl(OH)3
O OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
O OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
O ParnauiteCu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O
O Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
O PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
O QuartzSiO2
O RhodochrositeMnCO3
O Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
O RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O RutileTiO2
O SideriteFeCO3
O SmithsoniteZnCO3
O SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
O StrontianiteSrCO3
O TheisiteCu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
O ThoriteTh(SiO4)
O Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
O TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
O Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
O Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
O TyroliteCa2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
O TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
O UraniniteUO2
O VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
O VésigniéiteBaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2
O VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
O WulfenitePb(MoO4)
O ZirconZr(SiO4)
O CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
O ZincalstibiteZn2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
O Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
O HydrohalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
O ZaccagnaiteZn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O
O Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
O Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
O Hematite var. Iron RoseFe2O3
O ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
O Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
FFluorine
F Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
F FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
F FluoriteCaF2
F SellaiteMgF2
F ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Na DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Na LavendulanNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
Na Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Na Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
MgMagnesium
Mg Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mg AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mg Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Mg ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mg DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mg DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mg SellaiteMgF2
Mg Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Mg Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Mg Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
AlAluminium
Al K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Al Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Al ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Al Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Al ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Al ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al CualstibiteCu2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Al DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Al DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Al GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Al HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Al KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Al Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al NordstranditeAl(OH)3
Al OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Al Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Al PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Al RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Al ZincalstibiteZn2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Al HydrohalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
Al ZaccagnaiteZn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O
Al Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
SiSilicon
Si Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Si K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Si AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Si Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Si ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Si ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Si HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Si KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Si Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Si PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Si QuartzSiO2
Si RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Si Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Si TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Si Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si ZirconZr(SiO4)
Si Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si HydrohalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O
Si Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Si Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
PPhosphorus
P FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
P Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
P ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
S AikinitePbCuBiS3
S AnhydriteCaSO4
S ArsenopyriteFeAsS
S BaryteBaSO4
S BorniteCu5FeS4
S BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
S BournonitePbCuSbS3
S CannizzaritePb48Bi56S132
S CelestineSrSO4
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S ChalcociteCu2S
S ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
S CinnabarHgS
S Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
S ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
S ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
S CosalitePb2Bi2S5
S CovelliteCuS
S DigeniteCu9S5
S EnargiteCu3AsS4
S FamatiniteCu3SbS4
S GalenaPbS
S GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
S GreenockiteCdS
S GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
S JordanitePb14As6S23
S Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
S LivingstoniteHgSb4S6(S2)
S LuzoniteCu3AsS4
S MarcasiteFeS2
S OrpimentAs2S3
S PararealgarAs4S4
S ParnauiteCu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O
S PyriteFeS2
S PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
S RealgarAs4S4
S SeligmannitePbCuAsS3
S SemseyitePb9Sb8S21
S Smythite(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
S SphaleriteZnS
S StibniteSb2S3
S SulphurS8
S SulvaniteCu3VS4
S Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
S Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
S VaesiteNiS2
S Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
S ZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
S CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
S MoëloitePb6Sb6S14(S3)
ClChlorine
Cl Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Cl ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Cl LavendulanNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
Cl MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
Cl VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
Cl ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
K K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
K RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
CaCalcium
Ca Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Ca AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Ca AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca AnhydriteCaSO4
Ca AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Ca AragoniteCaCO3
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Ca DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Ca Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Ca FluoriteCaF2
Ca GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca LavendulanNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
Ca Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Ca TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Ca Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Ca Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Ca TyroliteCa2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
Ca TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
Ca CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
Ca Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
Ca Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Ca ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Ti Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Ti AnataseTiO2
Ti BranneriteUTi2O6
Ti BrookiteTiO2
Ti IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Ti RutileTiO2
Ti TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
VVanadium
V ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
V DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
V RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
V SulvaniteCu3VS4
V TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
V VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
V VésigniéiteBaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2
V VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
MnManganese
Mn BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Mn Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Mn Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Mn ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Mn Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Mn RhodochrositeMnCO3
Mn SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Mn Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
FeIron
Fe Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Fe AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Fe ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Fe BorniteCu5FeS4
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Fe Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Fe Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe MarcasiteFeS2
Fe Mushistonite(Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Fe SideriteFeCO3
Fe Smythite(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
Fe Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Fe Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
Fe Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Fe Hematite var. Iron RoseFe2O3
NiNickel
Ni Smythite(Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)
Ni VaesiteNiS2
CuCopper
Cu AikinitePbCuBiS3
Cu Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cu AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cu BorniteCu5FeS4
Cu BournonitePbCuSbS3
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu ChalcociteCu2S
Cu ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Cu ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cu Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
Cu ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
Cu ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Cu ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Cu CornubiteCu5(AsO4)2(OH)4
Cu CovelliteCuS
Cu CualstibiteCu2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Cu CupriteCu2O
Cu DigeniteCu9S5
Cu EnargiteCu3AsS4
Cu FamatiniteCu3SbS4
Cu Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
Cu LavendulanNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
Cu LuzoniteCu3AsS4
Cu MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu MixiteBiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Cu Mushistonite(Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
Cu OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
Cu ParnauiteCu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O
Cu Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu SeligmannitePbCuAsS3
Cu SulvaniteCu3VS4
Cu Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cu Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cu TheisiteCu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
Cu TyroliteCa2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
Cu TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)
Cu VésigniéiteBaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2
Cu VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
ZnZinc
Zn AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
Zn Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Zn Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
Zn DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Zn Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Zn HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Zn HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Zn Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
Zn Mushistonite(Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
Zn Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Zn SmithsoniteZnCO3
Zn SphaleriteZnS
Zn TheisiteCu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
Zn Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Zn ZincalstibiteZn2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Zn ZaccagnaiteZn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O
GeGermanium
Ge CarraraiteCa3(SO4)[Ge(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O
AsArsenic
As AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
As ArsenopyriteFeAsS
As ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
As Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O
As ColusiteCu13VAs3S16
As ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
As CornubiteCu5(AsO4)2(OH)4
As EnargiteCu3AsS4
As Gasparite-(Ce)Ce(AsO4)
As JordanitePb14As6S23
As LavendulanNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O
As LuzoniteCu3AsS4
As MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
As MixiteBiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
As OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
As OrpimentAs2S3
As PararealgarAs4S4
As ParnauiteCu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O
As RealgarAs4S4
As SeligmannitePbCuAsS3
As Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
As TheisiteCu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
As TyroliteCa2Cu9(AsO4)4(CO3)(OH)8 · 11H2O
SrStrontium
Sr CelestineSrSO4
Sr StrontianiteSrCO3
Sr Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
ZrZirconium
Zr ZirconZr(SiO4)
MoMolybdenum
Mo WulfenitePb(MoO4)
CdCadmium
Cd GreenockiteCdS
SnTin
Sn Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
Sn Mushistonite(Cu,Zn,Fe2+)[Sn(OH)6]
SbAntimony
Sb BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Sb BournonitePbCuSbS3
Sb CualstibiteCu2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Sb FamatiniteCu3SbS4
Sb GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
Sb LivingstoniteHgSb4S6(S2)
Sb SemseyitePb9Sb8S21
Sb StibniteSb2S3
Sb Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sb TheisiteCu5Zn5(AsO4,SbO4)2(OH)14
Sb ZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
Sb ZincalstibiteZn2Al(OH)6[Sb5+(OH)6]
Sb MoëloitePb6Sb6S14(S3)
BaBarium
Ba BaryteBaSO4
Ba Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Ba VésigniéiteBaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2
CeCerium
Ce Gasparite-(Ce)Ce(AsO4)
Ce Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
HgMercury
Hg CinnabarHgS
Hg LivingstoniteHgSb4S6(S2)
PbLead
Pb AikinitePbCuBiS3
Pb BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Pb BournonitePbCuSbS3
Pb CannizzaritePb48Bi56S132
Pb CerussitePbCO3
Pb CosalitePb2Bi2S5
Pb DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Pb GalenaPbS
Pb GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
Pb JordanitePb14As6S23
Pb MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
Pb SeligmannitePbCuAsS3
Pb SemseyitePb9Sb8S21
Pb VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
Pb WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Pb ZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
Pb MoëloitePb6Sb6S14(S3)
BiBismuth
Bi AikinitePbCuBiS3
Bi CannizzaritePb48Bi56S132
Bi CosalitePb2Bi2S5
Bi MixiteBiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
ThThorium
Th ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Th Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
UUranium
U BranneriteUTi2O6
U Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
U UraniniteUO2

Fossils

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Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrara
Wikidata ID:Q13372
GeoNames ID:6542087

Localities in this Region

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
Italy

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References

 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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