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Philex-Padcal Mine, Tuba, Benguet Province, Cordillera Administrative Region, Luzon, Philippines i
Regional Level Types
Philex-Padcal Mine Mine
Tuba Municipality
Benguet Province Province
Cordillera Administrative Region Region
Luzon Island Group
Philippines Country

Regional Level Types
Philex-Padcal Mine	Mine
Tuba	Municipality
Benguet Province	Province
Cordillera Administrative Region	Region
Luzon	Island Group
Philippines	Country

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

16° 15' 46'' North , 120° 37' 21'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

G#: wdvu8bd9e

Type:

Köppen climate type:

Am : Tropical monsoon climate

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Tabaan	2,653 (2017)	12.0km
Itogon	28,407 (2017)	12.6km
Dalupirip	2,580 (2017)	12.9km
Sagunto	2,082 (2017)	13.4km
Labayug	2,874 (2017)	13.6km

Mindat Locality ID:

21538

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:21538:6

GUID (UUID V4):

42daa6fa-6df7-49e6-8b5b-2a9d6b3e5708

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

Santo Tomas II deposit

A copper mine owned by Philex Mining Corp. Mining started in 1958 at 800 tons/day which has risen to 25- 27 kton/day (2006). Mining is done only in the Santo Tomas II deposit with block-caving. A Cu–Au porphyry orebody (diorites and andesite porphyry) is surrounded by meta-volcanics.
Ore reserves have risen to 100 Mill tons (Dec. 2006), due to high metal prices. Feed to concentrator varies as Cu; 0,2-0,35 % and Au; 0,35 – 0,6 g/t. It is described as the Philex-Padcal Mine in company presentations I received at mine visit Feb 2006.
Porphyry copper deposit.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

ⓘ Copper

Mineral List

37 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Altaite

Formula: PbTe

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Anhydrite

Formula: CaSO₄

References:

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Annite

Formula: KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Company information material received at visit (2006)

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Azurite

Formula: Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu₅FeS₄

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Digenite

Formula: Cu₉S₅

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Gold

Formula: Au

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Hematite var. Specularite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Hessite

Formula: Ag₂Te

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

ⓘ Kotulskite

Formula: Pd(Te,Bi)_2-x (x ≈ 0.4)

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Merenskyite

Formula: PdTe₂

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Mertieite

Formula: Pd₈Sb_2.5As_0.5

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Moncheite

Formula: Pt(Te,Bi)₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Petzite

Formula: Ag₃AuTe₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Pyrophyllite

Formula: Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Company information material received at visit (2006)

ⓘ Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Sopcheite

Formula: Ag₄Pd₃Te₄

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

ⓘ Stibiopalladinite

Formula: Pd₅Sb₂

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

ⓘ 'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

ⓘ 'UM1994-21-S:AgTe'

Formula: Ag₃TeS

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, s.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd minerals in the Sto. Tomas II porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

in: Jambor, J.L., Kovalenker, V.A., Roberts, A.C (1996): New mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 81: 1016

ⓘ Vysotskite

Formula: PdS

References:

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

References:

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Gold	1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
ⓘ	Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Mertieite	2.AC.10b	Pd₈Sb_2.5As_0.5
ⓘ	Stibiopalladinite	2.AC.20a	Pd₅Sb₂
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Digenite	2.BA.10	Cu₉S₅
ⓘ	Bornite	2.BA.15	Cu₅FeS₄
ⓘ	Hessite	2.BA.60	Ag₂Te
ⓘ	Petzite	2.BA.75	Ag₃AuTe₂
ⓘ	Sopcheite	2.BC.55	Ag₄Pd₃Te₄
ⓘ	Covellite	2.CA.05a	CuS
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Kotulskite	2.CC.05	Pd(Te,Bi)_2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Vysotskite	2.CC.35a	PdS
ⓘ	Altaite	2.CD.10	PbTe
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Merenskyite	2.EA.20	PdTe₂
ⓘ	Moncheite	2.EA.20	Pt(Te,Bi)₂
ⓘ	Molybdenite	2.EA.30	MoS₂
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	var. Specularite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Azurite	5.BA.05	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Anhydrite	7.AD.30	CaSO₄
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Actinolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Pyrophyllite	9.EC.10	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Annite	9.EC.20	KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Chrysocolla	9.ED.20	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'UM1994-21-S:AgTe'	-	Ag₃TeS

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
O	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Hematite var. Specularite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
S	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
S	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
S	ⓘ Digenite	Cu₉S₅
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
S	ⓘ Vysotskite	PdS
S	ⓘ UM1994-21-S:AgTe	Ag₃TeS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Anhydrite	CaSO₄
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Hematite var. Specularite	Fe₂O₃
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Azurite	Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Bornite	Cu₅FeS₄
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Cu	ⓘ Covellite	CuS
Cu	ⓘ Digenite	Cu₉S₅
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Mertieite	Pd₈Sb_2.5As_0.5
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Molybdenite	MoS₂
Pd	Palladium
Pd	ⓘ Kotulskite	Pd(Te,Bi)_2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Pd	ⓘ Merenskyite	PdTe₂
Pd	ⓘ Mertieite	Pd₈Sb_2.5As_0.5
Pd	ⓘ Sopcheite	Ag₄Pd₃Te₄
Pd	ⓘ Stibiopalladinite	Pd₅Sb₂
Pd	ⓘ Vysotskite	PdS
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ag	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Ag	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Ag	ⓘ Silver	Ag
Ag	ⓘ Sopcheite	Ag₄Pd₃Te₄
Ag	ⓘ UM1994-21-S:AgTe	Ag₃TeS
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Mertieite	Pd₈Sb_2.5As_0.5
Sb	ⓘ Stibiopalladinite	Pd₅Sb₂
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Te	Tellurium
Te	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Te	ⓘ Hessite	Ag₂Te
Te	ⓘ Kotulskite	Pd(Te,Bi)_2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Te	ⓘ Merenskyite	PdTe₂
Te	ⓘ Moncheite	Pt(Te,Bi)₂
Te	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Te	ⓘ Sopcheite	Ag₄Pd₃Te₄
Te	ⓘ UM1994-21-S:AgTe	Ag₃TeS
Pt	Platinum
Pt	ⓘ Moncheite	Pt(Te,Bi)₂
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Gold	Au
Au	ⓘ Petzite	Ag₃AuTe₂
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Altaite	PbTe
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Kotulskite	Pd(Te,Bi)_2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Bi	ⓘ Moncheite	Pt(Te,Bi)₂

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

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Philippine Sea PlateTectonic Plate

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References

Mining Annual Review (1985): 56.

Piestrzyński, A., Schmidt, S.Th., Franco, H. (1994): Pd-minerals in the Sto. Tomas II, porphyry copper deposit, Tuba Benguet, Philippines. Mineralogia Polonica: 25(2): 21-31

Tarkian, M., & Koopmann, G. (1995). Platinum-group minerals in the Santo Tomas II (Philex) porphyry copper-gold deposit, Luzon Island, Philippines. Mineralium Deposita, 30(1), 39-47.

www.philexmining.com.ph (n.d.) http://www.philexmining.com.ph/

IMAI, A. (2001). Generation and Evolution of Ore Fluids for Porphyry Cu‐Au Mineralization of the Santo Tomas II (Philex) Deposit, Philippines. Resource Geology, 51(2), 71-96.

Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155

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