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Vermillion meteorite, Marshall Co., Kansas, USAi
Regional Level Types
Vermillion meteoriteMeteorite Fall Location
Marshall Co.County
KansasState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
39° 44' 11'' North , 96° 21' 41'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Frankfort701 (2017)5.9km
Vermillion109 (2017)8.4km
Beattie195 (2017)14.7km
Axtell403 (2017)17.4km
Home160 (2017)17.9km


Pallasite, ungrouped
Find, 1991; 34.36 kg

An iron-rich mass was found by M. & G. Farrell while planting in a grain field. While the Fe-Ni metal content (~86 vol%) is the predominant constituent of the Vermillion meteorite, the silicate constituents (mostly rounded Mg-rich olivine crystals) bring Vermillion clearly into the domain of the pallasite group of stony-irons and it has been so classified. And, in this respect, Vermillion's mineralogy is quite mainstream. The Fe-Ni metal is dominated by kamacite and taenite, olivine (Fa~88) is the predominant silicate, and normally expected accessories [e.g., chromite, merrillite] are present. However, there are a number of oddities about the Vermillion pallasite which have drawn extra attention from the meteoritical community. To begin with, about 5% of the silicate component is Mg-rich orthopyroxene β€”usually found along the rims of olivine crystals. The presence of olivine with pyroxene is quite common in both meteoritical and planetary bodies, but it is rare in pallasites. Indeed, the presence of even this seemingly small pyroxene component was sufficient for Vermillion to very quickly earn a semi-formal designation as a 'pyroxene pallasite.' Other anomalies have been discovered as well. The oxygen-isotope ratios of Vermillion are clearly distinguishable from both those of the main group pallasites (PMG) and from the smaller group of Eagle Station pallasites (PES). Furthermore, detailed studies of the major and trace elements within the Fe-Ni metal component make it clear that Vermillion metal does not share the relatively close affinities between PMG metal and IIIAB irons (Cf. Wasson & Choi, 2003). Vermillion, then, is one of 6 pallasites formally designated as 'ungrouped.' At the present time, the conventional assumption is that the PMG pallasites, the PES pallasites, and Vermillion are likely derived from 3 separate original parent bodies.

So why isn't Vermillion officially designated a 'pyroxene pallasite' [instead of a mere 'ungrouped pallasite']?' The answer is that the other ungrouped pallasites have unexplained variations from Vermillion in textural features, O-isotopes and/or metallic trace elements which would make such a grouping problematic. [One should note that the problem of pyroxene pallasites is eerily similar issue to the so-called 'missing olivine' problem for the pyroxene-rich diogenites. While our petrological expectations tell us that olivine and pyroxene are sequential products or co-products of igneous differentiation, the pallasites and diogenites appear to provide us with an olivine-rich meteorite group without the clearly associated pyroxene-rich cohort group that one would normally normally expect and, vice versa, a pyroxene-rich group without an associated olivine-rich group.]

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


6 valid minerals.

Meteorite/Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000)
β“˜ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M. K., Davis, A. M., Clayton, R. N. & Mayeda, T. K. (1995) Pyroxene Pallasites: A New Pallasite Grouplet. Meteoritics 30 (5): 488-489. (Sept 1995); Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000); Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Description: Some (or all??) clinopyroxenes are Ca-poor. In at least one instance,clinopyroxene is surrounded by orthopyroxene (Grady et al., 2015)
Reference: Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ Cohenite
Formula: Fe3C
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000)
β“˜ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
Description: Olivine - Subrounded crystals (≀ 1.5 cm), Fa87-89
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M. K., Davis, A. M., Clayton, R. N. & Mayeda, T. K. (1995) Pyroxene Pallasites: A New Pallasite Grouplet. Meteoritics 30 (5): 488-489. (Sept 1995); Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000); Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ Iron
Formula: Fe
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000); Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ Iron var. Kamacite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000); Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ Merrillite
Formula: Ca9NaMg(PO4)7
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M. K., Davis, A. M., Clayton, R. N. & Mayeda, T. K. (1995) Pyroxene Pallasites: A New Pallasite Grouplet. Meteoritics 30 (5): 488-489. (Sept 1995); Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000); Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
Description: Pyx (En 86-89.8) slitely more Magnesian than PMG pyroxene, usually occurs along the rims of smaller olivine grains.
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M. K., Davis, A. M., Clayton, R. N. & Mayeda, T. K. (1995) Pyroxene Pallasites: A New Pallasite Grouplet. Meteoritics 30 (5): 488-489. (Sept 1995); Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000); Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ 'Plessite'
Reference: Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Description: Frequently found along rims of smaller olivine grains and, occasionally, as inclusions in olivine (Grady et al., 2015)
Reference: Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.
β“˜ Taenite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
Reference: Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000); Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
β“˜Cohenite1.BA.05Fe3C
β“˜Iron1.AE.05Fe
β“˜var. Kamacite1.AE.05(Fe,Ni)
β“˜Taenite1.AE.10(Fe,Ni)
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Chromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
β“˜Merrillite8.AC.45Ca9NaMg(PO4)7
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Augite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
β“˜'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
β“˜'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
β“˜'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
β“˜'Plessite'-
β“˜'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6

List of minerals for each chemical element

CCarbon
Cβ“˜ CoheniteFe3C
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oβ“˜ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Oβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oβ“˜ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Mgβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siβ“˜ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ MerrilliteCa9NaMg(PO4)7
Caβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
CrChromium
Crβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
FeIron
Feβ“˜ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feβ“˜ CoheniteFe3C
Feβ“˜ Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Feβ“˜ Taenite(Fe,Ni)
Feβ“˜ IronFe
NiNickel
Niβ“˜ Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Niβ“˜ Taenite(Fe,Ni)

References

Sort by

Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)
Boesenberg, J. S., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M. K., Davis, A. M., Clayton, R. N. & Mayeda, T. K. (1995) Pyroxene Pallasites: A New Pallasite Grouplet. Meteoritics 30 (5): 488-489. (Sept 1995)
Grossman, J. N. (1996) The Meteoritical Bulletin, No. 80, 1996 July: Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31 (4, Suppl.): pp. A175-A180. (July 1996)
Boesenberg, J. S., Davis, A.M., Prinz, M., Weisberg, M.K., Clayton, R.N. & Mayeda, T.K. (2000) The pyroxene pallasites, Vermilion and Yamato 8451: Not quite a couple. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 35 (4): 757-769. (July 2000)
Grady, M. M. (2000) Catalogue of Meteorites (5/e). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, New York, Oakleigh, Madrid, Cape Town. 690 pages.
Wasson,Β J.Β T. & Choi,Β B.-G. (2003) Main-group pallasites - chemical composition, relationship to IIIAB irons, and origin: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67 (16): 3079-3096. (Aug 2003)
Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi-Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages.

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