Log InRegister
Quick Links : The Mindat ManualThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
Home PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We AreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat
Donate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat AdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
Minerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryAdvanced Locality SearchRandom MineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch GlossaryMore Search Options
Search For:
Mineral Name:
Locality Name:
Keyword(s):
 
The Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate Completion ReportAdd Glossary Item
Mining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsClubs & OrganizationsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat DirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral Quiz
Photo SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorNew Photos TodayNew Photos YesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryPhotography

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africai
Regional Level Types
Merensky ReefReef
Bojanala Platinum District MunicipalityDistrict
North WestProvince
South AfricaCountry

This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
PhotosMapsSearch
07315080015675778247141.jpg
Cooperite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
09079720014946295071158.jpg
Clinoferrosilite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
04160760015395670184451.jpg
Chalcopyrite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
02151020015672436256352.jpg
Cooperite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
09079720014946295071158.jpg
Clinoferrosilite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
02899070015385683381430.jpg
Chalcopyrite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
03442460015705750308960.jpg
Cooperite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
09079720014946295071158.jpg
Clinoferrosilite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
Latitude & Longitude:
25° South , 27° East (est.)
Estimate based on other nearby localities or region boundaries.
Margin of Error:
~113km
GRN:
S17E18
Locality type:
Reef


Sulphide-bearing, PGE-rich cumulate horizon in the upper critical zone of the Bushveld Complex. Usually consists of chromites above and below a pegmatoidal orthocumulate.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

22 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Reference: Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204.
ⓘ Arsenopalladinite
Formula: Pd8(As,Sb)3
Reference: Handbook of Mineralogy
ⓘ Atheneite
Formula: Pd2As0.75Hg0.25
Reference: Handbook of Mineralogy
ⓘ Bowlesite (TL)
Formula: PtSnS
Type Locality:
Reference: Vymazalová, A., Zaccarini, F., Garuti, G., Laufek, F., Mauro, D., Stanley, C.J., Biagioni, C. (2019): Bowlesite, IMA 2019-079. CNMNC Newsletter No. 52; Mineralogical Magazine: 83; https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2019.73; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=15946; Vymazalová, A., Zaccarini, F., Garuti, G., Laufek, F., Mauro, D., Stanley, C. J., & Biagioni, C. (2020) Bowlesite, PtSnS, a new platinum group mineral (PGM) from the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 84:468-476
ⓘ Braggite
Formula: PdPt3S4
Reference: Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.
trans.png
Chalcopyrite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Reference: Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204.; Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.; Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.
ⓘ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Reference: Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204.; Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.
trans.png
Clinoferrosilite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
ⓘ Clinoferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+SiO3
Reference: Excalibur Minerals photo ID 140072
trans.png
Cooperite, etc.

Merensky Reef, Bojanala Platinum District Municipality, North West, South Africa
ⓘ Cooperite
Formula: PtS
Reference: Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Reference: Vogeli, J., Reid, D. L., Becker, M., Broadhurst, J., & Franzidis, J. P. (2011). Investigation of the potential for mineral carbonation of PGM tailings in South Africa. Minerals Engineering, 24(12), 1348-1356.
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
Reference: Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.
ⓘ Kotulskite
Formula: Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Reference: Mike Scott S105185 from Cureton from F Kennedy ID by Cannon m-probe 1988
ⓘ Laurite
Formula: RuS2
Reference: Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.
ⓘ Merenskyite (TL)
Formula: PdTe2
Type Locality:
Reference: Kingston, G.A. (1966) The occurrence of platinoid bismuthotellurides in the Merensky Reef at Rustenburg platinum mine in the western Bushveld. Mineralogical Magazine: 35: 815-835.; Cairncross, B. (2002). Merenskyite, type-mineral from the Bushveld Complex. Rocks & Minerals – Special Issue on “Minerals of Africa”, 77, 48-50.
ⓘ Penfieldite
Formula: Pb2Cl3(OH)
Reference: Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
Reference: Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Reference: Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204.
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Reference: Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204.
ⓘ Platinum
Formula: Pt
Reference: [MinRec 18:193]; Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Reference: Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Reference: Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204.
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Reference: Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000). Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.
ⓘ Rustenburgite
Formula: (Pt,Pd)3Sn
Reference: Mike Scott S102375 from Cureton #FJ ID by Cannon; Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘPlatinum1.AF.10Pt
ⓘRustenburgite1.AG.10(Pt,Pd)3Sn
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘArsenopalladinite2.AC.10cPd8(As,Sb)3
ⓘAtheneite2.AC.05aPd2As0.75Hg0.25
ⓘBowlesite (TL)2.BC.55PtSnS
ⓘBraggite2.CC.35aPdPt3S4
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘCooperite2.CC.35bPtS
ⓘKotulskite2.CC.05Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
ⓘLaurite2.EB.05aRuS2
ⓘMerenskyite (TL)2.EA.20PdTe2
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘPenfieldite3.DC.15Pb2Cl3(OH)
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘChromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘAnorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
ⓘClinoferrosilite9.DA.10Fe2+SiO3
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ PenfielditePb2Cl3(OH)
OOxygen
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe2+SiO3
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ PenfielditePb2Cl3(OH)
NaSodium
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe2+SiO3
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
SSulfur
Sⓘ BowlesitePtSnS
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Sⓘ CooperitePtS
Sⓘ LauriteRuS2
ClChlorine
Clⓘ PenfielditePb2Cl3(OH)
KPotassium
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
CrChromium
Crⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
FeIron
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe2+SiO3
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
NiNickel
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
AsArsenic
Asⓘ ArsenopalladinitePd8(As,Sb)3
Asⓘ AtheneitePd2As0.75Hg0.25
RuRuthenium
Ruⓘ LauriteRuS2
PdPalladium
Pdⓘ MerenskyitePdTe2
Pdⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Pdⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
Pdⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Pdⓘ ArsenopalladinitePd8(As,Sb)3
Pdⓘ AtheneitePd2As0.75Hg0.25
SnTin
Snⓘ BowlesitePtSnS
Snⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ ArsenopalladinitePd8(As,Sb)3
TeTellurium
Teⓘ MerenskyitePdTe2
Teⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
PtPlatinum
Ptⓘ BowlesitePtSnS
Ptⓘ PlatinumPt
Ptⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
Ptⓘ BraggitePdPt3S4
Ptⓘ CooperitePtS
HgMercury
Hgⓘ AtheneitePd2As0.75Hg0.25
PbLead
Pbⓘ PenfielditePb2Cl3(OH)
BiBismuth
Biⓘ KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)

References

Sort by

Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)
Kingston, G.A. (1966) The occurrence of platinoid bismuthotellurides in the Merensky Reef at Rustenburg platinum mine in the western Bushveld. Mineralogical Magazine: 35: 815-835.
Ballhaus, C. G., & Stumpfl, E. F. (1986). Sulfide and platinum mineralization in the Merensky Reef: evidence from hydrous silicates and fluid inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 94(2), 193-204.
Bartholomew, R., Hieber, R., and Lee, C., (1989): The Merensky Reef and JCI. Geological Society of South Africa. Geobull: 32(2): 29-31.
Cawthorn, R.G., (1999): The discovery of the platiniferous Merensky Reef in 1924. South African Journal of Geology: 102: 178-183.
Ballhaus, C., & Sylvester, P. (2000): Noble metal enrichment processes in the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Petrology, 41(4), 545-561.
Barkov, A. Y., Martin, R. F., Kaukonen, R. J., & Alapieti, T. T. (2001). The occurrence of Pb–Cl–(OH) and Pt–Sn–S compounds in the Merensky reef, Bushveld layered complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 39(5), 1397-1403.
Cawthorn, R.G., (2001): A stream sediment geological re-investigation of the discovery of the platiniferous Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex. Journal of Geochem. Explor: 72: 59-69.
Cairncross, B. (2002). Merenskyite, type-mineral from the Bushveld Complex. Rocks & Minerals – Special Issue on “Minerals of Africa”, 77, 48-50.
Mathez, E.A. and Kinzler, R.J. (2017): Metasomatic chromitite seams in the Bushveld and Rum layered intrusions. Elements, 13, 397-402.
Vymazalová, A., Zaccarini, F., Garuti, G., Laufek, F., Mauro, D., Stanley, C. J., Biagioni, C. (2020) Bowlesite, PtSnS, a new platinum group mineral (PGM) from the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 84, 468-476.

Localities in this Region

South Africa
  • North West
    • Bojanala Platinum District Municipality

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

African PlateTectonic Plate
South Africa

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
Quick NavTopMineral ListReferencesLocalities in RegionOther Regions
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.
Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2024, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Founded in 2000 by Jolyon Ralph.
Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us / DMCA issues - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: April 25, 2024 04:39:41 Page updated: February 9, 2023 03:58:30
Go to top of page