San Xavier pit (San Xavier open pit; San Xavier West Mine; San Xavier Unit Open pit), Mission complex, San Xavier, Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District), Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USAi
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| Latitude & Longitude (WGS84): | 32° 1' 36'' North , 111° 4' 48'' West | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latitude & Longitude (decimal): | 32.02667,-111.08000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeoHash: | G#: 9t9n0q60b | ||||||||||||||||||
| USGS MRDS Record: | 10113892 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Locality type: | Pit | ||||||||||||||||||
| Köppen climate type: | BSh : Hot semi-arid (steppe) climate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nearest Settlements: |
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A surface Cu-Ag mine located in the NE¼ sec. 23 & the NW¼ sec. 24, T16S, R12E. Discovered in 1955 by ASARCO geologists. Owned by the American Smelting & Refining Co. (ASARCO).
Mineralization is siliceous oxidized copper minerals in Cretaceous sedimentary rocks under alluvium cover.
Workings are an open pit operation. From 1967 through 1972, produced over 521,000 tons of leaching ore averaging about 0.76% Cu and 0.02 ounce/ton Ag.
Regions containing this locality
| North America Plate | Tectonic Plate |
| Sonoran Desert, North America | Desert |
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Strunz Dana Chemical ElementsDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 Habit: Crystals Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 118. |
| ⓘ Aurichalcite Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 123. |
ⓘ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 Reference: personal communication, Fred Rhodes, 1993 |
| ⓘ Brochantite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 146. |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Habit: Flat-bladed. Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 357. |
| ⓘ Chalcanthite Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 161. |
ⓘ Chrysocolla Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O Reference: personal communication, Fred Rhodes, 1993 |
| ⓘ Coquimbite Formula: Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 186. |
| ⓘ Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 248. |
ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 Reference: personal communication, Fred Rhodes, 1993 |
| ⓘ Marcasite Formula: FeS2 Description: Occurs as thin coatings and veinlets. Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 290. |
| ⓘ Melanterite Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 292. |
| ⓘ Rosasite Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 Description: Occurs intergrown with flat-bladed calcite. Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 357. |
| ⓘ Sepiolite Formula: Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 366. |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 377. |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 5.BA.15 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Rosasite | 5.BA.10 | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Brochantite | 7.BB.25 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Chalcanthite | 7.CB.20 | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Coquimbite | 7.CB.55 | Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 |
| ⓘ | Melanterite | 7.CB.35 | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Sepiolite | 9.EE.25 | Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O |
List of minerals arranged by Dana 8th Edition classification
| Group 2 - SULFIDES | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| AmXp, with m:p = 1:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.8.2.1 | ZnS |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2 | |||
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.12.2.1 | FeS2 |
| Group 14 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL CARBONATES | |||
| A(XO3) | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 14.1.1.1 | CaCO3 |
| Group 16a - ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| ⓘ | Azurite | 16a.2.1.1 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 16a.3.1.1 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Rosasite | 16a.3.1.2 | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 16a.4.2.1 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Group 29 - HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES | |||
| AXO4·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcanthite | 29.6.7.1 | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Melanterite | 29.6.10.1 | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| A2(XO4)3·H2O | |||
| ⓘ | Coquimbite | 29.8.3.1 | Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 |
| Group 30 - ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)m(XO4)pZq, where m:p>2:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Brochantite | 30.1.3.1 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Group 56 - SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O | |||
| Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 56.1.2.1 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Group 74 - PHYLLOSILICATES Modulated Layers | |||
| Modulated Layers with joined strips | |||
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 74.3.2.1 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Sepiolite | 74.3.1b.1 | Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| Unclassified Minerals, Mixtures, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | Aragonite | - | CaCO3 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Coquimbite | Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 |
| H | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Sepiolite | Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Coquimbite | Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 |
| O | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Sepiolite | Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Sepiolite | Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Sepiolite | Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| S | ⓘ Coquimbite | Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Coquimbite | Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
Regional Geology
This geological map and associated information on rock units at or nearby to the coordinates given for this locality is based on relatively small scale geological maps provided by various national Geological Surveys. This does not necessarily represent the complete geology at this locality but it gives a background for the region in which it is found.
Click on geological units on the map for more information. Click here to view full-screen map on Macrostrat.org
| Holocene - Gelasian 0 - 2.588 Ma ID: 2774482 | Quaternary surficial deposits, undivided Age: Pleistocene (0 - 2.588 Ma) Description: Unconsolidated to strongly consolidated alluvial and eolian deposits. This unit includes: coarse, poorly sorted alluvial fan and terrace deposits on middle and upper piedmonts and along large drainages; sand, silt and clay on alluvial plains and playas; and wind-blown sand deposits. (0-2 Ma) Comments: Original map source: Arizona Geological Survey, DI-8 Geologic Map of Arizona, Digital Spatial data for the Geologic Map of Arizona, v. 3.0, edited by S.M. Richard and S.M. Kneale, 2002, 10 p., 2 DOS HD disks. Arc/INFO export file (.e00) format, scale 1:1,000,000. Lithology: Major:{sand,silt,clay} Reference: Horton, J.D., C.A. San Juan, and D.B. Stoeser. The State Geologic Map Compilation (SGMC) geodatabase of the conterminous United States. doi: 10.3133/ds1052. U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1052. [133] |
| Quaternary - Miocene 0 - 23.03 Ma ID: 3185380 | Cenozoic sedimentary rocks Age: Cenozoic (0 - 23.03 Ma) Lithology: Sedimentary rocks Reference: Chorlton, L.B. Generalized geology of the world: bedrock domains and major faults in GIS format: a small-scale world geology map with an extended geological attribute database. doi: 10.4095/223767. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 5529. [154] |
Data and map coding provided by Macrostrat.org, used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
References
Sort by
Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Keith, Stanton B. (1974), Arizona Bureau of Geology & Mineral Technology, Geological Survey Branch Bull. 189, Index of Mining Properties in Pima County, Arizona: 138 (Table 4).
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 118, 123, 146, 161, 186, 248, 290, 292, 357, 366, 377.
USGS San Xavier Mission Quadrangle topo map.
Arizona Bureau of Mines file data.
MRDS database Dep. ID file #10113892, MRDS ID #M050619, MAS ID #0040190390.
External Links
http://www.asarcocu.com/ASARCOinArizona/arinaz01.htm; www.asarco.com.
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San Xavier pit, Mission complex, San Xavier, Pima District, Sierrita Mts, Pima Co., Arizona, USA