Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine), Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn), Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USAi
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| Latitude & Longitude (WGS84): | 33° 22' 51'' North , 117° 3' 45'' West | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Latitude & Longitude (decimal): | 33.38111,-117.06250 | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeoHash: | G#: 9muvbhven | ||||||||||||||||||
| Locality type: | Mine | ||||||||||||||||||
| Köppen climate type: | Csa : Hot-summer Mediterranean climate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nearest Settlements: |
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Summary:
A complex and highly mineralized granitic pegmatite-aplite dike, located near the village of Pala. The pegmatite was originally mined during the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a source of lithium from massive pods of lepidolite that occur in the dike. Was reopened in the late 1960s as a gem mine and has periodically produced specimens and gem material of elbaite, as well as morganite and kunzite. The mine is particularly known for its reddish-pink elbaite.
The deposit is on private land, patented in 1949 by Blanche C. Crane.
Regions containing this locality
| Pacific Plate | Tectonic Plate |
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Strunz Dana Chemical ElementsMineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities45 valid minerals. 3 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Bismuth | 1.CA.05 | Bi |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Bismuthinite | 2.DB.05 | Bi2S3 |
| ⓘ | Digenite | 2.BA.10 | Cu9S5 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Columbite-(Mn) | 4.DB.35 | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Microlite Group' | 4.00. | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Stibiotantalite | 4.DE.30 | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 |
| ⓘ | Tantalite-(Mn) | 4.DB.35 | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Beyerite | 5.BE.35 | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Bismutite | 5.BE.25 | (BiO)2CO3 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Amblygonite | 8.BB.05 | LiAl(PO4)F |
| ⓘ | Bermanite | 8.DC.20 | Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Greifensteinite | 8.DA.10 | Ca2Fe2+5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Hureaulite | 8.CB.10 | (Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) (TL) | 8.DH.15 | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Leucophosphite | 8.DH.10 | KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Lithiophilite | 8.AB.10 | LiMn2+PO4 |
| ⓘ | Namibite | 8.BB.50 | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Phosphosiderite | 8.CD.05 | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Pseudomalachite | 8.BD.05 | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Pucherite | 8.AD.40 | Bi(VO4) |
| ⓘ | Purpurite | 8.AB.10 | (Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4 |
| ⓘ | Sicklerite (TL) | 8.AB.10 | Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4 |
| ⓘ | Stewartite (TL) | 8.DC.30 | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Strengite | 8.CD.10 | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Strunzite | 8.DC.25 | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Triphylite | 8.AB.10 | LiFe2+PO4 |
| ⓘ | Triplite | 8.BB.10 | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| ⓘ | Vivianite | 8.CE.40 | Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Wardite | 8.DL.10 | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | var: Cleavelandite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Almandine | 9.AD.25 | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Beryl | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | var: Goshenite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | var: Heliodor | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | var: Morganite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Cookeite | 9.EC.55 | (Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Elbaite | 9.CK.05 | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Microcline | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Montmorillonite | 9.EC.40 | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Schorl | 9.CK.05 | Na(Fe2+3)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Spessartine | 9.AD.25 | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Spodumene | 9.DA.30 | LiAlSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | var: Kunzite | 9.DA.30 | LiAlSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Tosudite | 9.EC.60 | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | var: Lithium Tosudite | 9.EC.60 | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'var: Perthite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Indicolite' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Lepidolite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Manganese Oxides' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Rubellite' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Salmonsite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Verdelite' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
List of minerals arranged by Dana 8th Edition classification
| Group 1 - NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Semi-metals and non-metals | |||
| ⓘ | Bismuth | 1.3.1.4 | Bi |
| Group 2 - SULFIDES | |||
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Digenite | 2.4.7.3 | Cu9S5 |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:3 | |||
| ⓘ | Bismuthinite | 2.11.2.3 | Bi2S3 |
| Group 8 - MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM | |||
| ABO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Stibiotantalite | 8.1.6.2 | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 |
| A2B2O6(O,OH,F) | |||
| ⓘ | 'Microlite Group' | 8.2.2.1 | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n |
| AB2O6 | |||
| ⓘ | Columbite-(Mn) | 8.3.2.4 | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| ⓘ | Tantalite-(Mn) | 8.3.2.3 | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| Group 16a - ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| ⓘ | Beyerite | 16a.2.3.1 | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Bismutite | 16a.3.5.1 | (BiO)2CO3 |
| Group 38 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES | |||
| ABXO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Lithiophilite | 38.1.1.2 | LiMn2+PO4 |
| ⓘ | Sicklerite (TL) | 38.1.4.2 | Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4 |
| ⓘ | Triphylite | 38.1.1.1 | LiFe2+PO4 |
| AXO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Pucherite | 38.4.6.1 | Bi(VO4) |
| ⓘ | Purpurite | 38.4.1.2 | (Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4 |
| Miscellaneous | |||
| ⓘ | Namibite | 38.5.9.1 | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| Group 39 - HYDRATED ACID PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES | |||
| (AB)5[HXO4]2[XO4]2.xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Hureaulite | 39.2.1.1 | (Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Group 40 - HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES | |||
| A3(XO4)2·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Vivianite | 40.3.6.1 | Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| (AB)5(XO4)2·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Phosphosiderite | 40.4.3.2 | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Strengite | 40.4.1.2 | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| Group 41 - ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)5(XO4)2Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Pseudomalachite | 41.4.3.1 | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| (AB)2(XO4)Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Amblygonite | 41.5.8.1 | LiAl(PO4)F |
| A2(XO4)Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Triplite | 41.6.1.2 | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| Group 42 - HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)2(XO4)Zq·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Wardite | 42.7.8.2 | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Bermanite | 42.11.17.1 | Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) (TL) | 42.11.2.4 | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Leucophosphite | 42.11.6.1 | KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Stewartite (TL) | 42.11.10.2 | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Strunzite | 42.11.9.1 | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| Group 51 - NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only | |||
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Almandine | 51.4.3a.2 | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Spessartine | 51.4.3a.3 | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Zircon | 51.5.2.1 | Zr(SiO4) |
| Group 61 - CYCLOSILICATES Six-Membered Rings | |||
| Six-Membered Rings with [Si6O18] rings; possible (OH) and Al substitution | |||
| ⓘ | Beryl | 61.1.1.1 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Six-Membered Rings with borate groups | |||
| ⓘ | Elbaite | 61.3.1.8 | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| ⓘ | Schorl | 61.3.1.10 | Na(Fe2+3)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Group 65 - INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1) | |||
| Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2 | |||
| ⓘ | Spodumene | 65.1.4.1 | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Group 71 - PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings | |||
| Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers | |||
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 71.2.2a.1 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 clays | |||
| ⓘ | Montmorillonite | 71.3.1a.2 | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Sheets of 6-membered rings interlayered 1:1, 2:1, and octahedra | |||
| ⓘ | Cookeite | 71.4.1.2 | (Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| ⓘ | Tosudite | 71.4.2.4 | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Group 74 - PHYLLOSILICATES Modulated Layers | |||
| Modulated Layers with joined strips | |||
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 74.3.2.1 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Group 75 - TECTOSILICATES Si Tetrahedral Frameworks | |||
| Si Tetrahedral Frameworks - SiO2 with [4] coordinated Si | |||
| ⓘ | Quartz | 75.1.3.1 | SiO2 |
| Group 76 - TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework | |||
| Al-Si Framework with Al-Si frameworks | |||
| ⓘ | Albite | 76.1.3.1 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Microcline | 76.1.1.5 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 76.1.1.1 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified Minerals, Mixtures, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | Albite var: Cleavelandite | - | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | 'Amblygonite-Montebrasite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | |
| ⓘ | Beryl var: Goshenite | - | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | var: Heliodor | - | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | var: Morganite | - | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'var: Perthite' | - | |
| ⓘ | Greifensteinite | - | Ca2Fe2+5Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | 'Indicolite' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | - | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | 'Lepidolite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Manganese Oxides' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Rubellite' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Salmonsite' | - | |
| ⓘ | Spodumene var: Kunzite | - | LiAlSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Tosudite var: Lithium Tosudite | - | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Verdelite' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Stewartite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn22+}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Schorl | Na(Fe32+)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hureaulite | (Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Phosphosiderite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Bermanite | Mn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Cookeite | (Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Triplite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| H | ⓘ Vivianite | Fe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Tosudite (var: Lithium Tosudite) | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Strunzite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Greifensteinite | Ca2Fe52+Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| Li | Lithium | |
| Li | ⓘ Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| Li | ⓘ Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Li | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Li | ⓘ Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| Li | ⓘ Cookeite | (Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Li | ⓘ Spodumene (var: Kunzite) | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Li | ⓘ Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| Li | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl (var: Morganite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl (var: Goshenite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl (var: Heliodor) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | ⓘ Greifensteinite | Ca2Fe52+Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Rubellite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| B | ⓘ Schorl | Na(Fe32+)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | ⓘ Indicolite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| B | ⓘ Verdelite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Beyerite | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Stewartite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| O | ⓘ Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn22+}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Albite (var: Cleavelandite) | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Beryl (var: Morganite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rubellite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Stibiotantalite | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Schorl | Na(Fe32+)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hureaulite | (Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Phosphosiderite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| O | ⓘ Bermanite | Mn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Pucherite | Bi(VO4) |
| O | ⓘ Beyerite | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Purpurite | (Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4 |
| O | ⓘ Cookeite | (Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | ⓘ Indicolite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| O | ⓘ Verdelite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Beryl (var: Goshenite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Spodumene (var: Kunzite) | LiAlSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Triplite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| O | ⓘ Vivianite | Fe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| O | ⓘ Beryl (var: Heliodor) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Tosudite (var: Lithium Tosudite) | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| O | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Strunzite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Greifensteinite | Ca2Fe52+Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Triplite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| F | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Albite (var: Cleavelandite) | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Schorl | Na(Fe32+)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Tosudite (var: Lithium Tosudite) | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Tosudite (var: Lithium Tosudite) | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite (var: Cleavelandite) | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl (var: Morganite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Al | ⓘ Schorl | Na(Fe32+)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Cookeite | (Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl (var: Goshenite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Spodumene (var: Kunzite) | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl (var: Heliodor) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Tosudite (var: Lithium Tosudite) | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Albite (var: Cleavelandite) | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl (var: Morganite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Schorl | Na(Fe32+)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Cookeite | (Al2Li)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl (var: Goshenite) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Spodumene (var: Kunzite) | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl (var: Heliodor) | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Tosudite (var: Lithium Tosudite) | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Stewartite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| P | ⓘ Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| P | ⓘ Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn22+}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| P | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| P | ⓘ Hureaulite | (Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Phosphosiderite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| P | ⓘ Bermanite | Mn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Purpurite | (Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4 |
| P | ⓘ Triplite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| P | ⓘ Vivianite | Fe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| P | ⓘ Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| P | ⓘ Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| P | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Strunzite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| P | ⓘ Greifensteinite | Ca2Fe52+Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Beyerite | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Greifensteinite | Ca2Fe52+Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | ⓘ Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| V | ⓘ Pucherite | Bi(VO4) |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Stewartite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn22+}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Hureaulite | (Mn,Fe)5(PO4)2(HPO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Bermanite | Mn2+Mn23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Purpurite | (Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Triplite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| Mn | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| Mn | ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| Mn | ⓘ Strunzite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Stewartite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Jahnsite-(MnMnMn) | {Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn22+}{Fe23+}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Schorl | Na(Fe32+)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Strengite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Phosphosiderite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Purpurite | (Mn3+,Fe3+)PO4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Triplite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Vivianite | Fe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Strunzite | Mn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Greifensteinite | Ca2Fe52+Be4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | ⓘ Columbite-(Mn) | Mn2+Nb2O6 |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | ⓘ Stibiotantalite | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 |
| Ta | Tantalum | |
| Ta | ⓘ Stibiotantalite | Sb(Ta,Nb)O4 |
| Ta | ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| Ta | ⓘ Microlite Group | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismuth | Bi |
| Bi | ⓘ Pucherite | Bi(VO4) |
| Bi | ⓘ Beyerite | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
Regional Geology
This geological map and associated information on rock units at or nearby to the coordinates given for this locality is based on relatively small scale geological maps provided by various national Geological Surveys. This does not necessarily represent the complete geology at this locality but it gives a background for the region in which it is found.
Click on geological units on the map for more information. Click here to view full-screen map on Macrostrat.org
| Holocene - Pliocene 0 - 5.333 Ma ID: 2817582 | Quaternary alluvium and marine deposits Age: Cenozoic (0 - 5.333 Ma) Stratigraphic Name: Temescal Formation; Modesto Formation; Victor Formation; Alameda Formation; Aromas Red Sands; Bautista Beds; Brawley Formation; Borrego Formation; Burnt Canyon Breccia; Cabezon Fanglomerate; Campus Formation; Casitas Formation; Chemehuevi Formation; Corcoran Clay; Cushenbury Springs Formation; Dos Picachos Gravels; Dripping Springs Formation; Frazier Mountain Formation; Friant Formation; Harold Formation; Heights Fanglomerate; Hookton Formation; Huichica Formation; La Habra Formation; Manix Lake Beds; Mohawk Lake Beds; Montezuma Formation; Nadeau Gravel; Ocotillo Conglomerate; Orcutt Formation; Pacoima Formation; Pauba Formation; Peckham Formation; Pinto Formation; Resting Springs Formation; Riverbank Formation; Rohnerville Formation; San Dimas Formation; Shoemaker Gravel; Temecula Arkose; Battery Formation; Bay Point Formation; Colma Formation; Lindavista Formation; Lomita Marl; Merritt Sand; Millerton Formation; Palos Verdes Sand; San Pedro Formation; Sweitzer Formation; Timms Point Silt Description: Alluvium, lake, playa, and terrace deposits; unconsolidated and semi-consolidated. Mostly nonmarine, but includes marine deposits near the coast. Comments: Original map source: Saucedo, G.J., Bedford, D.R., Raines, G.L., Miller, R.J., and Wentworth, C.M., 2000, GIS Data for the Geologic Map of California, California Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology, CD-ROM 2000-07, scale 1:750,000. Lithology: Major:{coarse alluvium}, Minor:{fine alluvium} Reference: Horton, J.D., C.A. San Juan, and D.B. Stoeser. The State Geologic Map Compilation (SGMC) geodatabase of the conterminous United States. doi: 10.3133/ds1052. U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1052. [133] |
| Cretaceous 66 - 145 Ma ID: 2706610 | Granite pegmatite dike Age: Cretaceous (66 - 145 Ma) Description: Tabular, pegmatitic-textured granitic dikes. Most dikes range in thickness from a few centimeters to over a meter. Larger dikes are typically zoned compositionally and texturally. Reference: Kennedy, M.P., and S.S. Tan. digital prep. by Bovard et al. Geologic Map of the Oceanside 30’ x 60’ Quadrangle, California. California Department of Conservation California Geological Survey. [131] |
| Cretaceous 66 - 145 Ma ID: 3186295 | Mesozoic intrusive rocks Age: Cretaceous (66 - 145 Ma) Lithology: Intrusive igneous rocks Reference: Chorlton, L.B. Generalized geology of the world: bedrock domains and major faults in GIS format: a small-scale world geology map with an extended geological attribute database. doi: 10.4095/223767. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 5529. [154] |
Data and map coding provided by Macrostrat.org, used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
References
Sort by
Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Kunz, G.F. (1905) Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau Bulletin 37, 55-57; 124-125.
Merrill, F.J.H. (1914) Geology and Mineral Resources of San Diego and Imperial Counties: Gems, Lithia Minerals. California State Mining Bureau, San Francisco, Cal. California State Printing Office, December. Chapter 1, 61-110.
Jahns, R.H. and Wright, L.A. (1951) Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: 59-61.
Palache, C., Berman, H., and Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 282, 730, 1051.
Sinkankas, J. (1988) Beryl: A Summary. Rocks & Minerals, 63(1), 21.
Robinson, George W. and King, Vandall T. (1989) What's New in Minerals? Sixteenth Annual Rochester Academy of Science Mineralogical Symposium. Mineralogical Record, 20(5), 399.
Bartsch, J.A. (1990) Collections and Displays: California State Mining and Mineral Museum, Mariposa, California. Rocks & Minerals, 65(1), 45.
Dunning, Gail E. and Cooper, Joseph F. Jr. (1998) Namibite: A Summary of World Occurrences. Mineralogical Record, 29(3), 164.
Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, 33(5), 376-378, photographs.
Morton, D. et al. (2011) Petrogenesis of the Li-bearing Stewart Pegmatite, Pala, California. Unpublished manuscript: 15 pp., charts and photographs.
Mindat Articles
The Stewart Lithia Tourmaline Mine by E. R. Swoboda 2000 by Scott L. RitchieLocalities in this RegionShow map
- California
- San Diego Co.
- Pala District
- Pala
- Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn)
- Stewart Mine (MS 6162; Stewart Lithia mine)
- Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala Mtn; Queen Mtn)
- Pala
- Pala District
- San Diego Co.
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Stewart Mine, Tourmaline Queen Mountain, Pala, Pala District, San Diego Co., California, USA