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Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USAi
Regional Level Types
Keokuk- not defined -
Lee Co.County
IowaState
USACountry

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Key
Lock Map
Geodes from the Warsaw Formation

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Millerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Sphalerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Millerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Geodes from the Warsaw Formation

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Millerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Sphalerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Millerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Geodes from the Warsaw Formation

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Millerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84): 40° 23' 50'' North , 91° 23' 5'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal): 40.39722,-91.38472
GeoHash:G#: 9zpjb6pdv
Köppen climate type:Dfa : Hot-summer humid continental climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Keokuk10,609 (2017)0.0km
Hamilton2,853 (2017)3.9km
Warsaw1,551 (2017)6.0km
Alexandria153 (2017)7.3km
Elvaston161 (2017)11.4km


Geodes in Warsaw formation along Mississippi River and Des Moines River

Regions containing this locality

North America PlateTectonic Plate

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Strunz Dana Chemical Elements

Mineral List


22 valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
Calcite

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Reference: No reference listed
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
Dolomite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Description: Occurs in quartz geodes.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 214.
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Reference: No reference listed
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
Goethite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
ⓘ 'Limonite'
Formula: (Fe,O,OH,H2O)
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
Marcasite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
Millerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
Reference: No reference listed
ⓘ 'Petroleum'
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Reference: Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
Quartz

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
ⓘ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
Reference: R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
Sphalerite, etc.

Keokuk, Lee Co., Iowa, USA
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Reference: No reference listed

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘAragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘSmithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
ⓘ'Limonite'-(Fe,O,OH,H2O)
ⓘ'Petroleum'-

List of minerals arranged by Dana 8th Edition classification

Group 2 - SULFIDES
AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
ⓘChalcocite2.4.7.1Cu2S
AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
ⓘGalena2.8.1.1PbS
ⓘMillerite2.8.16.1NiS
ⓘSphalerite2.8.2.1ZnS
AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1
ⓘChalcopyrite2.9.1.1CuFeS2
AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
ⓘMarcasite2.12.2.1FeS2
ⓘPyrite2.12.1.1FeS2
Group 4 - SIMPLE OXIDES
A2X3
ⓘHematite4.3.1.2Fe2O3
AX2
ⓘPyrolusite4.4.1.4Mn4+O2
Group 6 - HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
XO(OH)
ⓘGoethite6.1.1.2α-Fe3+O(OH)
Group 9 - NORMAL HALIDES
AX2
ⓘFluorite9.2.1.1CaF2
Group 14 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL CARBONATES
A(XO3)
ⓘCalcite14.1.1.1CaCO3
ⓘSiderite14.1.1.3FeCO3
ⓘSmithsonite14.1.1.6ZnCO3
AB(XO3)2
ⓘDolomite14.2.1.1CaMg(CO3)2
Group 16a - ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
ⓘMalachite16a.3.1.1Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 28 - ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
AXO4
ⓘBaryte28.3.1.1BaSO4
Group 29 - HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
AXO4·xH2O
ⓘGypsum29.6.3.1CaSO4 · 2H2O
Group 30 - ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
(AB)2(XO4)Zq
ⓘJarosite30.2.5.1KFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Group 75 - TECTOSILICATES Si Tetrahedral Frameworks
Si Tetrahedral Frameworks - SiO2 with [4] coordinated Si
ⓘQuartz75.1.3.1SiO2
Unclassified Minerals, Mixtures, etc.
ⓘAragonite-CaCO3
ⓘKaolinite-Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ'Limonite'-(Fe,O,OH,H2O)
ⓘ'Petroleum'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Limonite(Fe,O,OH,H2O)
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
CCarbon
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Cⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Oⓘ Limonite(Fe,O,OH,H2O)
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
FFluorine
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
SiSilicon
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
SSulfur
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
KPotassium
Kⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
CaCalcium
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
MnManganese
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
FeIron
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ Limonite(Fe,O,OH,H2O)
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
NiNickel
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Znⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
PbLead
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS

Regional Geology

This geological map and associated information on rock units at or nearby to the coordinates given for this locality is based on relatively small scale geological maps provided by various national Geological Surveys. This does not necessarily represent the complete geology at this locality but it gives a background for the region in which it is found.

Click on geological units on the map for more information. Click here to view full-screen map on Macrostrat.org

Paleozoic
251.902 - 541 Ma



ID: 3187973
Paleozoic sedimentary rocks

Age: Phanerozoic (251.902 - 541 Ma)

Lithology: Sedimentary rocks

Reference: Chorlton, L.B. Generalized geology of the world: bedrock domains and major faults in GIS format: a small-scale world geology map with an extended geological attribute database. doi: 10.4095/223767. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 5529. [154]

Visean - Tournaisian
330.9 - 358.9 Ma



ID: 2798906
Augusta Group

Age: Mississippian (330.9 - 358.9 Ma)

Stratigraphic Name: Burlington Limestone; Keokuk Limestone; Warsaw Limestone

Description: Interval includes Burlington, Keokuk, and Warsaw formations. Upper Warsaw strata locally preserved at top of interval in extreme southeast Iowa are lower Meramecian age . Primary Lithologies: dolomite, part argillaceous to shaly; dolomitic limestone, fossiliferous; fossiliferous limestone (especially crinoidal packstone-grainstone). Secondary Lithologies: glauconitic limestone/dolomite; shale, gray to green-gray, part dolomitic, part silty; chert, nodular to bedded. Minor: quartz crystals, quartz geodes, chalcedony; phosphatic dolomite/limestone (“bone bed”); siltstone, dolomitic. Lithologies noted only in northern Iowa: oolitic limestone; “sublithographic” limestone; dolomite/chert breccia. Interval is erosionally beveled beneath sub-“St. Louis” and sub-Pennsylvanian unconformities. Maximum thicknesses in northern Iowa: 85-105 ft (26-32 m). Maximum thicknesses in southern Iowa: 155-240 ft (47-73 m).

Comments: Original map source: Witzke, Brian J., Anderson, Raymond R., and Pope, John P., 2010, Iowa Geological and Water Survey, DNR, Bedrock Geologic Map of Iowa, OFM-2010-1. Scale 1:500,000.

Lithology: Major:{dolostone,limestone}, Minor:{shale,chert}, Incidental:{siltstone}

Reference: Horton, J.D., C.A. San Juan, and D.B. Stoeser. The State Geologic Map Compilation (SGMC) geodatabase of the conterminous United States. doi: 10.3133/ds1052. U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1052. [133]

Meramecian - Osagean
335 - 351.5 Ma



ID: 2160161
Augusta Group

Age: Mississippian (335 - 351.5 Ma)

Stratigraphic Name: Augusta Group

Description: Interval includes Burlington, Keokuk, and Warsaw formations. Primary Lithologies: dolomite, part argillaceous to shaly; dolomitic limestone, fossiliferous; fossiliferous limestone (especially crinoidal packstone-grainstone). Secondary Lithologies: glauconitic limestone/dolomite; shale, gray to green-gray, part dolomitic, part silty; chert, nodular to bedded. Minor: quartz crystals, quartz geodes, chalcedony; phosphatic dolomite/limestone ("bone bed"); siltstone, dolomitic. Lithologies noted only in northern Iowa: oolitic limestone; "sublithographic" limestone; dolomite/chert breccia. Interval is erosionally beveled beneath sub-"St. Louis" and sub-Pennsylvanian unconformities. Maximum thicknesses in northern Iowa: 85-105 ft (26-32 m). Maximum thicknesses in southern Iowa: 155-240 ft (47-73 m).

Reference: Witzke, B.J., R.R. Anderson, J.P. Pope. Iowa Bedrock Geologic Map. Iowa Geological and Water Survey, DNR. [26]

Data and map coding provided by Macrostrat.org, used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License

References

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Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)
Sinotte, S. (1969) The Fabulous Keokuk Geodes: Wallace-Homestead Press, Des Moines.


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