Kabwe Mine (Broken Hill Mine), Kabwe (Broken Hill), Kabwe, Central Province, Zambiai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Kabwe Mine (Broken Hill Mine) | Mine |
| Kabwe (Broken Hill) | - not defined - |
| Kabwe | District |
| Central Province | Province |
| Zambia | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
14° 27' 19'' South , 28° 26' 0'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Locality type:
Köppen climate type:
A lead-zinc-silver mine opened in 1906. Closure about 1989. Produced about a quarter million tons of ore per year.
The stratabound Zn-Pb ore comprises massive, breccia and replacement sulphides within carbonate rocks marking the transition from Lower Roan to Upper Roan.
Located 1 km south-west of the town centre. Known to be one of the 10 worst polluted places in the world due mostly to heavy metal tailings entering the water supply.
Regions containing this locality
| African Plate | Tectonic Plate |
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Strunz Dana Chemical ElementsDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Aurichalcite Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Reference: Mike Leppington collection (visual identification) |
| ⓘ Beudantite Formula: PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Briartite Formula: Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 Reference: Kamona, A. F. & Friedrich, G. H. (2007): Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243.; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Reference: Mike Leppington collection (visual identification) |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 205, 870; Mineralogical Record: 11: 339.; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S Reference: Kamona, A. F. & Friedrich, G. H. (2007): Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243. |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Reference: Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Chrysocolla Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Copper Formula: Cu Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Covellite Formula: CuS Reference: Kamona, A. F. & Friedrich, G. H. (2007): Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243. |
| ⓘ Cuprite Formula: Cu2O Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Descloizite Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH) Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 814, 870; Mineralogical Record: 11: 339. |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 Reference: Kamona, A. F. & Friedrich, G. H. (2007): Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243. |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS Reference: [MinRec 11:339]; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH) Reference: Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Goslarite Formula: ZnSO4 · 7H2O Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O Reference: Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297. |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 Reference: Kamona, A. F. & Friedrich, G. H. (2007): Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243.; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734, 736, 870; Mineralogical Record: 11: 339. |
| ⓘ Hopeite Formula: Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 736, 870. |
| ⓘ Hydrocerussite Formula: Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 Reference: Mike Leppington collection (visual identification) |
| ⓘ Hydrozincite Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 Reference: Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297. |
| ⓘ Libethenite Formula: Cu2(PO4)(OH) Reference: [MinRec 12:394, 11:346-347] |
| ⓘ Libethenite var: Zincian Libethenite Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) Reference: [MinRec 11:346] |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' Formula: (Fe,O,OH,H2O) Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734, 870. |
| ⓘ Linarite Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 Reference: Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297. |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Reference: Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297. |
| ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Malachite var: Zincian Malachite Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 Reference: Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297. |
| ⓘ Mimetite Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl Reference: Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297. |
| ⓘ Mottramite Formula: PbCu(VO4)(OH) Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 814; Mineralogical Record: 11: 339. |
| Parahopeite (TL) Formula: Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O Type Locality: Reference: Nature (1907) 77, 143; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734; Mineralogical Record: 11: 339. |
| ⓘ Parascholzite Formula: CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O Reference: Joe Cilen |
| ⓘ Phosphophyllite Formula: Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O Reference: Geological Survey, Lusaka:XRD 1975 |
| ⓘ 'Psilomelane' Formula: Mn, O Reference: Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297. |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Reference: [MinRec 11:339]; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| Pyromorphite Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734, 870; Mineralogical Record: 11: 339. |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Reference: Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Quartz var: Jasper Reference: Kamona, A. F. & Friedrich, G. H. (2007): Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243. |
| ⓘ Renierite Formula: (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 Reference: Kamona, A. F. & Friedrich, G. H. (2007): Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243.; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Rosasite Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Scholzite Formula: CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 736, 870; Mineralogical Record: 11: 179, 339.; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Spencerite Formula: Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O Reference: Braithwaite R.S.W., Spencerite from Kabwe, Zambia, and the infrared spectroscopy of Kabwe zinc phosphates, MinMag, March 1988, vol.82, pp.126-9. |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Reference: [MinRec 11:339]; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Tarbuttite (TL) Formula: Zn2(PO4)(OH) Type Locality: Reference: Nature (1907) 76, 215; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 734, 736, 870. |
| ⓘ Vanadinite Formula: Pb5(VO4)3Cl Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 736, 870; Mineralogical Record: 11: 347. |
| ⓘ Veszelyite Formula: (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 917. |
| Willemite Formula: Zn2SiO4 Colour: White, pale pastel green Reference: Mineralogical Record (1980): 11: 347-348.; Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283. |
| ⓘ Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) Reference: [MinRec 11:347] |
| ⓘ Wurtzite Formula: (Zn,Fe)S Reference: [MinRec 11:339] |
| ⓘ Zincite Formula: ZnO Reference: [MinRec 12:394] |
| ⓘ Zincolibethenite (TL) Formula: CuZn(PO4)(OH) Type Locality: Reference: R. S. W. Braithwaite, R. G. Pritchard, W. H. Paar & R. A. D. Pattrick (2005): A new mineral, zincolibethenite, CuZnPO4OH, a stoichiometric species of specific site occupancy. Mineralogical Magazine, 69, 145-153; Am Min 90:1950 |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Briartite | 2.KA.10 | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 |
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Renierite | 2.CB.35a | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Wurtzite | 2.CB.45 | (Zn,Fe)S |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Cuprite | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var: Jasper | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Zincite | 4.AB.20 | ZnO |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 5.BA.15 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Hydrocerussite | 5.BE.10 | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Hydrozincite | 5.BA.15 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | var: Zincian Malachite | 5.BA.10 | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Rosasite | 5.BA.10 | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Goslarite | 7.CB.40 | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Linarite | 7.BC.65 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Wulfenite | 7.GA.05 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Beudantite | 8.BL.05 | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Descloizite | 8.BH.40 | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hopeite | 8.CA.30 | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Libethenite | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | var: Zincian Libethenite | 8.BB.30 | (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Mimetite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Mottramite | 8.BH.40 | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Parahopeite (TL) | 8.CA.70 | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Parascholzite | 8.CA.45 | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Phosphophyllite | 8.CA.40 | Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Pyromorphite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Scholzite | 8.CA.45 | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Spencerite | 8.DA.40 | Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Tarbuttite (TL) | 8.BB.35 | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Vanadinite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Veszelyite | 8.DA.30 | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Zincolibethenite (TL) | 8.BB.30 | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Willemite | 9.AA.05 | Zn2SiO4 |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| ⓘ | 'Psilomelane' | - | Mn, O |
List of minerals arranged by Dana 8th Edition classification
| Group 1 - NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Metals, other than the Platinum Group | |||
| ⓘ | Copper | 1.1.1.3 | Cu |
| Group 2 - SULFIDES | |||
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.4.7.1 | Cu2S |
| AmXp, with m:p = 1:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.8.12.1 | CuS |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.8.1.1 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.8.2.1 | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Wurtzite | 2.8.7.1 | (Zn,Fe)S |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Briartite | 2.9.2.3 | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.9.1.1 | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Renierite | 2.9.4.1 | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2 | |||
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.12.1.1 | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - SIMPLE OXIDES | |||
| A2X | |||
| ⓘ | Cuprite | 4.1.1.1 | Cu2O |
| AX | |||
| ⓘ | Zincite | 4.2.2.1 | ZnO |
| A2X3 | |||
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.3.1.2 | Fe2O3 |
| Group 6 - HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL | |||
| XO(OH) | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 6.1.1.2 | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Group 7 - MULTIPLE OXIDES | |||
| AB2X4 | |||
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 7.2.2.3 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| Group 14 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL CARBONATES | |||
| A(XO3) | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 14.1.1.1 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 14.1.3.4 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 14.1.1.6 | ZnCO3 |
| AB(XO3)2 | |||
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 14.2.1.1 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Group 16a - ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| ⓘ | Azurite | 16a.2.1.1 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Hydrocerussite | 16a.2.2.1 | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 16a.3.1.1 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Rosasite | 16a.3.1.2 | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 16a.4.2.1 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Hydrozincite | 16a.4.1.1 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Group 28 - ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES | |||
| AXO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 28.3.1.3 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 28.3.1.1 | BaSO4 |
| Group 29 - HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES | |||
| AXO4·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Goslarite | 29.6.11.2 | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 29.6.3.1 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Group 30 - ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)2(XO4)Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Linarite | 30.2.3.1 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Group 40 - HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES | |||
| AB2(XO4)2·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Parascholzite | 40.2.5.1 | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Phosphophyllite | 40.2.7.1 | Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Scholzite | 40.2.6.1 | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| A3(XO4)2·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Hopeite | 40.3.4.1 | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Parahopeite (TL) | 40.3.3.1 | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Group 41 - ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)2(XO4)Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Descloizite | 41.5.2.1 | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Mottramite | 41.5.2.2 | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| A2(XO4)Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Libethenite | 41.6.6.2 | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Tarbuttite (TL) | 41.6.7.1 | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| A5(XO4)3Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Mimetite | 41.8.4.2 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Pyromorphite | 41.8.4.1 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Vanadinite | 41.8.4.3 | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| Group 42 - HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)3(XO4)Zq·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Veszelyite | 42.2.3.1 | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| A2(XO4)Zq·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Spencerite | 42.6.4.2 | Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| Group 43 - COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC. | |||
| Anhydrous Compound Phosphates, etc·, Containing Hydroxyl or Halogen | |||
| ⓘ | Beudantite | 43.4.1.1 | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Group 48 - ANHYDROUS MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES | |||
| AXO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Wulfenite | 48.1.3.1 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Group 51 - NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only | |||
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [4] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Willemite | 51.1.1.2 | Zn2SiO4 |
| Group 56 - SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O | |||
| Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 56.1.2.1 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Group 74 - PHYLLOSILICATES Modulated Layers | |||
| Modulated Layers with joined strips | |||
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 74.3.2.1 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Group 75 - TECTOSILICATES Si Tetrahedral Frameworks | |||
| Si Tetrahedral Frameworks - SiO2 with [4] coordinated Si | |||
| ⓘ | Quartz | 75.1.3.1 | SiO2 |
| Unclassified Minerals, Mixtures, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | Libethenite var: Zincian Libethenite | - | (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| ⓘ | Malachite var: Zincian Malachite | - | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Psilomelane' | - | Mn, O |
| ⓘ | Quartz var: Jasper | - | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Zincolibethenite (TL) | - | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Parahopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Parascholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Libethenite (var: Zincian Libethenite) | (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Limonite | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| H | ⓘ Veszelyite | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Spencerite | Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Phosphophyllite | Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Malachite (var: Zincian Malachite) | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite (var: Zincian Malachite) | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Parahopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Hopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Parascholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| O | ⓘ Zincite | ZnO |
| O | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Libethenite (var: Zincian Libethenite) | (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Limonite | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| O | ⓘ Veszelyite | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Spencerite | Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Phosphophyllite | Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite (var: Zincian Malachite) | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Psilomelane | Mn, O |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Parahopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | ⓘ Hopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| P | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Parascholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Libethenite (var: Zincian Libethenite) | (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) |
| P | ⓘ Veszelyite | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| P | ⓘ Spencerite | Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| P | ⓘ Phosphophyllite | Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| S | ⓘ Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| S | ⓘ Briartite | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Parascholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| V | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| V | ⓘ Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Psilomelane | Mn, O |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| Fe | ⓘ Briartite | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Limonite | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| Fe | ⓘ Phosphophyllite | Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Copper | Cu |
| Cu | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Libethenite (var: Zincian Libethenite) | (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | ⓘ Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| Cu | ⓘ Briartite | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Veszelyite | (Cu,Zn)2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite (var: Zincian Malachite) | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Parahopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Tarbuttite | Zn2(PO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Zincolibethenite | CuZn(PO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Hopeite | Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Parascholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | ⓘ Zincite | ZnO |
| Zn | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Rosasite | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Zn | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Scholzite | CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Libethenite (var: Zincian Libethenite) | (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| Zn | ⓘ Spencerite | Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Phosphophyllite | Zn2Fe(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Malachite (var: Zincian Malachite) | (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Ge | Germanium | |
| Ge | ⓘ Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| Ge | ⓘ Briartite | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| As | ⓘ Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
| As | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
| Pb | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Pb | ⓘ Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| Pb | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Pb | ⓘ Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
Regional Geology
This geological map and associated information on rock units at or nearby to the coordinates given for this locality is based on relatively small scale geological maps provided by various national Geological Surveys. This does not necessarily represent the complete geology at this locality but it gives a background for the region in which it is found.
Click on geological units on the map for more information. Click here to view full-screen map on Macrostrat.org
| Ediacaran - Cryogenian 541 - 720 Ma ID: 3308923 | Age: Neoproterozoic (541 - 720 Ma) Lithology: Sedimentary and volcaniclastic Reference: Thiéblemont, D. (ed.). New edition of the 1:10,000,000 geological map of Africa. CGMW-BRGM. [190] |
| Archean 2500 - 4000 Ma ID: 3193265 | Archean crystalline metamorphic rocks Age: Archean (2500 - 4000 Ma) Lithology: Orthogneiss/paragneiss Reference: Chorlton, L.B. Generalized geology of the world: bedrock domains and major faults in GIS format: a small-scale world geology map with an extended geological attribute database. doi: 10.4095/223767. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 5529. [154] |
Data and map coding provided by Macrostrat.org, used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
References
Sort by
Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Palache, C., Berman, H., and Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 870, 917.
Notebaart, C.W. and Korowki, S.P. (1980) Famous mineral localities: The Broken Hill mine (Zambia). Mineralogical Record, 11(6), 339-348.
Mining Annual Review (1985) 430 and 432.
Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999) Lead isotopes of the carbonate-hosted Kabwe, Tsumeb, and Kipushi Pb-Zn-Cu sulphide deposits in relation to Pan African orogenesis in the Damaran-Lufilian Fold Belt of Central Africa. Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283.
Kamona, A.F. and Friedrich, G.H. (2007) Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Kabwe carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposit, Central Zambia. Ore Geology Reviews 30, 217-243.
Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., and Melcher, F. (2009) Sediment-hosted Zn–Pb–Cu deposits in the Central African Copperbelt. Ore Geology Reviews 35, 263-297.
Mondillo, N., Herrington, R., Boyce, A., Wilkinson, C., Santoro, L., and Rumsey, M. (2018) Critical elements in non-sulfide Zn deposits: a reanalysis of the Kabwe Zn-Pb ores (central Zambia); Mineralogical Magazine v. 82, n. 1, p. 89-114.
Southwood, M., Cairncross, B. and Rumsey, M. (2019). Minerals of Kabwe mine ("Broken Hill"), mine, Central Province, Zambia. Rocks & Minerals. 94(2), 114-148.
External Links
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Kabwe Mine, Kabwe, Kabwe, Central Province, Zambia