Okorusu Mine (Okarusu Mine), Otjiwarongo District, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
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| Latitude & Longitude (WGS84): | 20° 3' 0'' South , 16° 44' 42'' East |
|---|---|
| Latitude & Longitude (decimal): | -20.05017,16.74513 |
| GeoHash: | G#: kk7vvjcrm |
| Locality type: | Mine |
| Köppen climate type: | BSh : Hot semi-arid (steppe) climate |
An open pit fluorite mine located 48 (40?) km north of Otjiwarango. Part of an alkaline igneous-carbonatite ring dike complex where fluorite has replaced pegmatitic carbonatite.
Mined since around 1920. Then closed in 1963 (Weninger, 1972). Since 1988 operated by Okorusu Fluorspar (Pty) Ltd. Sold in 1997 to Solvay SA.
The mine is famous for outstanding blue and green fluorite crystals, often with phantoms. The mine management allows a specimen miner (Peter Eysselein) to extract fluorite specimens to be sold on the international market (Brandstetter, 2011).
The Early-Cretaceous alkaline rocks/sövite complex intruded Late Precambrian Damara series (quartzites, marbles and biotite schists). The metasedimentary rocks have been fenitized in the vicinity of the intrusion. Fluorite also replaces host-rocks (marbles and biotite schists).
REE-bearing minerals occur in beforsitic carbonatite dikes and carbonate-fluorite-bearing metasomatites. There HREE content is significant.
Alternative Label Names
This is a list of additional names that have been recorded for mineral labels associated with this locality in the minID database. This may include previous versions of the locality name hierarchy from mindat.org, data entry errors, and it may also include unconfirmed sublocality names or other names that can only be matched to this level.
| Okoruso Mine, Otjiwarongo, Karibib District, Namibia |
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Strunz Dana Chemical ElementsMineral List
25 valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Aegirine Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6 Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Aegirine-augite Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 Description: In sodic fenites associated withpegmatitic carbonatites.
In fenites. Reference: Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20. |
| ⓘ Andradite Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Andradite var: Melanite Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites. Reference: Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20. |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Description: Baryte occurs with fluorite and quartz. Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573.; Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9.
Cairncross, B. (2004) Field Guide To Rocks & Minerals Of Southern Africa: 47.
|
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.; Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites : crystals up to 10 cm diameter.
In fenites. Reference: Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.; Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9; Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| ⓘ Cancrinite Formula: (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Celestine Formula: SrSO4 Reference: Heinz Mahlzahn (2014) "Neues über die Fluorit Lagerstätte Okorusu in Namibia" - Mineralien Welt 2/2014, 48 - 61. |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573. |
| ⓘ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 Reference: Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| ⓘ 'Feldspar Group' |
| ⓘ Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F Reference: Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| Fluorite Formula: CaF2 Habit: Cubic (sharp & lustrous) Colour: Deep sea green to purple Fluorescence: Brilliant blue (best LW UV; SW UV). Description: This mine produced some of the finest sea green fluorite crystal specimens in the world.
Fluorite replaces calcite in pegmatitic carbonatites and associated sodic fenites, but also host-rock marbles and biotite schists. Reference: Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.; Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9; Rustemeyer, P. (2000): Okosuru: Fundstelle attraktiver Fluorite in Namibia. Lapis 25(3), 24-29, 50.; Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| ⓘ Fluorite var: Yttrofluorite Formula: (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x <0.3 Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573. |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH) Description: Replaces pyrite, pyrrhotite and aegirine-augite. Reference: Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9 |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 Description: Replaces titanomagnetite in pegmatite carbonatites replaced by fluorite. Reference: Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.; Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20. |
| ⓘ Hematite var: Martite Formula: Fe2O3 Description: Replaces titanomagnetite in pegmatite carbonatites replaced by fluorite. Reference: Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20. |
| ⓘ 'K Feldspar' Reference: Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20. |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' Formula: (Fe,O,OH,H2O) Reference: Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284. |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Description: In sodic fenites associated with pegmatitic carbonatites.
Secondary magnetite after replacement of pyrrhotite by goethite. Reference: Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9; Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| ⓘ Magnetite var: Titaniferous Magnetite Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites : crystals up to 13 cm diameter.
In fenites. Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573.; Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20. |
| ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides' Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573. |
| ⓘ 'Monazite' Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Nepheline Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16) Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Phlogopite Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites. Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573. ; Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20. |
| ⓘ 'Pyrochlore' Reference: Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe7S8 Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites.. Reference: Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20.; Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31 |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Reference: Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.; Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9 |
| ⓘ Quartz var: Citrine Formula: SiO2 Reference: various added photos |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573. |
| ⓘ Strontianite Formula: SrCO3 Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573. |
| ⓘ 'Synchysite' Description: Inclusions. Reference: Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573. |
| ⓘ Thorite Formula: Th(SiO4) Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Titanite Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) Formula: Y(PO4) Reference: Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | 'Chalcopyrite' | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe7S8 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| ⓘ | var: Yttrofluorite | 3.AB.25 | (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x <0.3 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | var: Martite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | var: Titaniferous Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var: Citrine | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | 'Calcite' | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Strontianite | 5.AB.15 | SrCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | 'Baryte' | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | 'Celestine' | 7.AD.35 | SrSO4 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| ⓘ | Xenotime-(Y) | 8.AD.35 | Y(PO4) |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | 'Aegirine' | 9.DA.25 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Aegirine-augite' | 9.DA.20 | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Andradite' | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | var: Melanite | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Cancrinite' | 9.FB.05 | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Nepheline | 9.FA.05 | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ | Phlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Thorite | 9.AD.30 | Th(SiO4) |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | |
| ⓘ | Feldspar Group | - | |
| ⓘ | K Feldspar | - | |
| ⓘ | Limonite | - | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| ⓘ | Manganese Oxides | - | |
| ⓘ | Monazite | - | |
| ⓘ | Pyrochlore | - | |
| ⓘ | Pyroxene Group | - | |
| ⓘ | Synchysite | - | |
List of minerals arranged by Dana 8th Edition classification
| Group 2 - SULFIDES | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| AmXp, with m:p = 1:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.8.1.1 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.8.10.1 | Fe7S8 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.8.2.1 | ZnS |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.9.1.1 | CuFeS2 |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2 | |||
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.12.1.1 | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - SIMPLE OXIDES | |||
| A2X3 | |||
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.3.1.2 | Fe2O3 |
| Group 6 - HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL | |||
| XO(OH) | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 6.1.1.2 | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Group 7 - MULTIPLE OXIDES | |||
| AB2X4 | |||
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 7.2.2.3 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| Group 9 - NORMAL HALIDES | |||
| AX2 | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 9.2.1.1 | CaF2 |
| Group 14 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL CARBONATES | |||
| A(XO3) | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 14.1.1.1 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Strontianite | 14.1.3.3 | SrCO3 |
| Group 28 - ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES | |||
| AXO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 28.3.1.1 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Celestine | 28.3.1.2 | SrSO4 |
| Group 41 - ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| A5(XO4)3Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 41.8.1.1 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Group 51 - NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only | |||
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Andradite | 51.4.3b.1 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Thorite | 51.5.2.3 | Th(SiO4) |
| Group 52 - NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O | |||
| Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] and/or >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Titanite | 52.4.3.1 | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Group 65 - INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1) | |||
| Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2 | |||
| ⓘ | Aegirine | 65.1.3c.2 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Aegirine-augite | 65.1.3b.2 | (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 65.1.3a.1 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Group 71 - PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings | |||
| Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers | |||
| ⓘ | Phlogopite | 71.2.2b.1 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Group 75 - TECTOSILICATES Si Tetrahedral Frameworks | |||
| Si Tetrahedral Frameworks - SiO2 with [4] coordinated Si | |||
| ⓘ | Quartz | 75.1.3.1 | SiO2 |
| Group 76 - TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework | |||
| Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species | |||
| ⓘ | Cancrinite | 76.2.5.3 | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Nepheline | 76.2.1.2 | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | Andradite var: Melanite | - | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Feldspar Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | Fluorite var: Yttrofluorite | - | (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x <0.3 |
| ⓘ | Hematite var: Martite | - | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| ⓘ | Magnetite var: Titaniferous Magnetite | - | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ | 'Manganese Oxides' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Monazite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyrochlore' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | Quartz var: Citrine | - | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | 'Synchysite' | - | |
| ⓘ | Xenotime-(Y) | - | Y(PO4) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Limonite | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| H | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| C | ⓘ Strontianite | SrCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz (var: Citrine) | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Limonite | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite (var: Martite) | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Andradite (var: Melanite) | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| O | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Strontianite | SrCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite (var: Titaniferous Magnetite) | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite (var: Yttrofluorite) | (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x <0.3 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Al | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Al | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz (var: Citrine) | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Andradite (var: Melanite) | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Si | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe7S8 |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| K | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Cancrinite | (Na,Ca,☐)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Andradite (var: Melanite) | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite (var: Yttrofluorite) | (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x <0.3 |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Magnetite (var: Titaniferous Magnetite) | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Aegirine-augite | (NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Limonite | (Fe,O,OH,H2O) |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite (var: Martite) | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Andradite (var: Melanite) | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe7S8 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite (var: Titaniferous Magnetite) | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Sr | Strontium | |
| Sr | ⓘ Celestine | SrSO4 |
| Sr | ⓘ Strontianite | SrCO3 |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | ⓘ Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| Y | ⓘ Fluorite (var: Yttrofluorite) | (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x <0.3 |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Th | Thorium | |
| Th | ⓘ Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
Regional Geology
This geological map and associated information on rock units at or nearby to the coordinates given for this locality is based on relatively small scale geological maps provided by various national Geological Surveys. This does not necessarily represent the complete geology at this locality but it gives a background for the region in which it is found.
Click on geological units on the map for more information. Click here to view full-screen map on Macrostrat.org
| Ediacaran - Cryogenian 541 - 720 Ma ID: 3306663 | Age: Neoproterozoic (541 - 720 Ma) Lithology: Sedimentary and volcaniclastic Reference: Thiéblemont, D. (ed.). New edition of the 1:10,000,000 geological map of Africa. CGMW-BRGM. [190] |
| Neoproterozoic 541 - 1000 Ma ID: 3190685 | Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks Age: Neoproterozoic (541 - 1000 Ma) Stratigraphic Name: Damara Supergroup Lithology: Sedimentary rocks Reference: Chorlton, L.B. Generalized geology of the world: bedrock domains and major faults in GIS format: a small-scale world geology map with an extended geological attribute database. doi: 10.4095/223767. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 5529. [154] |
Data and map coding provided by Macrostrat.org, used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
References
Sort by
Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Einecke, G. (1956)
Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284. [http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/DerKarinthin_66_0001-0036.pdf]
Daul, J., Bauer, K. & Moser, P. (1993): Bergbau in Namiba - Erfahrungen einer Studienreise. Institut für Bergbaukunde, Bergtechnik und Bergwirtschaft, Wissenschaftliche Schriftenreihe No. 3, Leoben, Austria, 130 pp (in German).
Kogut, A. I., Hagni, R. D. & Schneider, G. I. C. (1998): Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Ed. Hagni, R. D., Proc. 9th Quadrenn. IAGOD Symp., 1994, 555-573.
Rustemeyer, P. (2000): Okosuru: Fundstelle attraktiver Fluorite in Namibia. Lapis 25(3), 24-29, 50 (in German).
Buhn, B., Rankin, A.H., Schneider, J. and Dulski, P. (2002). The nature of orthomagmatic carbonatitic fluids precipitating REE, Sr-rich fluorite: fluid-inclusion evidence from the Okorusu fluorite deposit, Namibia. Chemical Geology, 186, 75-98.
Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): Rare earth element mines, deposits, and occurrences. USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
Cairncross, B. (2004) Field Guide To Rocks & Minerals Of Southern Africa: 47.
Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
Brandstetter, R. (2011): Aus der Okorusu Mine in Namibia: Neue Fluoritfunde mit spektakulären Phantombildungen. Lapis 36 (9), 13-23; 62.
Van der Meersche, E. & Brandstetter, R. (2011): Sensationell flächenreiche Fluorite aus dem B-Pit der Okorusu Mine, Namibia. Lapis 36 (9), 24-26; 62.
Mineral. Record: 20(5), 396.
External Links
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Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo District, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia