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Parsettens Alp, Tinizong (Tinzen), Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland i
Regional Level Types
Parsettens Alp Alpine Pasture
Tinizong (Tinzen) Village
Surses Municipality
Albula Region Region
Grisons Canton
Switzerland Country

Regional Level Types
Parsettens Alp	Alpine Pasture
Tinizong (Tinzen)	Village
Surses	Municipality
Albula Region	Region
Grisons	Canton
Switzerland	Country

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Parsettens I

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettens II

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettens II

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettens I

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettens II

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettens II

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettens I

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettens II

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

46° 34' 23'' North , 9° 41' 4'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

G#: u0qbuq7gx

Locality type:

Köppen climate type:

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Savognin	961 (2017)	7.1km
Bergün	526 (2017)	7.9km
Cunter	194 (2017)	8.3km
Salux	209 (2017)	10.1km
Filisur	502 (2017)	11.1km

Name(s) in local language(s):

Alp Parsettens, Tinizong (Tinzen), Oberhalbstein (Surses; Sursass), Albulatal, Graubünden (Grisons; Grischun), Schweiz (Suisse; Svizzera)

A former Mn mine located 12.9 km SE of Tiefencastel at N46.57313 E9.68438 (Parsettens I, Swiss grid 772138 160447) and at N46.57114 E9.68267 (Parsettens II, Swiss grid 772013 160223)

First records about mining in these parts of Switzerland date from the 14th century, but the mines around Tinzen are first mentioned in 1819. The French company operating the mines collapsed around 1840 due to mismanagement. Several records show that a only a small amount of Mn-ore was mined till 1900.

The mine was important during WW I and WW II when the import of Mn-ore was difficult.

The workings consisted of 2 open pits, Parsettens I and Parsettens II - dumps and pits are standing out in the alpine landscape -, plus 5 small pits (probably for prospecting).
The mine could be operated during summer only. The ore was transported by cable car from II to I (earlier by ox cart), tramway down the mountain to Alp D’Err ('Bremsberg', track is still visible) and then by truck and railway to the processing plant and to the steel mills.

1916 – 1919 about 1700 t of Mn-ore were shipped with an average of 36% Mn from the mine on Alp Parsettens.

1942 to 1945 about 2500 t of Mn-ore were mined on Alp Parsettens.

Now this mine is of interest to the mineral collector’s community only.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Dana Chemical Elements

Mineral List

29 valid minerals. 3 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

ⓘ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 35

ⓘ Anatase

Formula: TiO₂

ⓘ Aragonite

Formula: CaCO₃

ⓘ Ardennite-(As)

Formula: Mn²⁺₄Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆

Reference: Geiger T. & Cabalzar W. Ardennit - Ein Neufund von der Alp Parsettens, Val d'Err GR. Schweizer Strahler Nr.5, S. 201 - 211, (1989)

ⓘ Arseniopleite

Formula: NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃

Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)

Formula: CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆

Reference: U. Kolitsch & J. Gröbner (single-crystal X-ray diffraction + SEM-EDS)

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

ⓘ Birnessite

Formula: (Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 409.

ⓘ Braunite

Formula: Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆(SiO₄)O₈

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

ⓘ Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite

Formula: (Ca,Mn)CO₃

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 348.

ⓘ Cryptomelane

Formula: K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 243.

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

ⓘ Lindbergite

Formula: Mn²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O

Reference: American Mineralogist, 89, 1087-1091; Graeser, G. & Gabriel, W. (2016): Falottait (MnC2O4)·3H2O) - ein neues Oxalat-Mineral aus den Schweizer Alpen. Schweizer Strahler 50 (3), 20-27.

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

ⓘ Manganberzeliite

Formula: (NaCa₂)Mn²⁺₂(AsO₄)₃

ⓘ Manganite

Formula: Mn³⁺O(OH)

ⓘ Opal

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN

Formula: SiO₂ · nH₂O

Parsettensite

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

ⓘ Parsettensite (TL)

Formula: (K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O

Type Locality:

Reference: Schweiz.Min.Petr.Mitt.(1923) 3, 227-237

ⓘ Piemontite

Formula: {Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 304.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony

Formula: SiO₂

ⓘ Ranciéite

Formula: (Ca,Mn²⁺)_0.2(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂ · 0.6H₂O

ⓘ Rhodochrosite

Formula: MnCO₃

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 348.

ⓘ Rhodonite

Formula: CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 349.

Sursassite

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

ⓘ Sursassite (TL)

Formula: Mn²⁺₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃

Type Locality:

Reference: Schweiz.Min.Petr.Mitt.(1926) 6, 376-380

Takanelite

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

ⓘ Takanelite

Formula: (Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂O

ⓘ Tilasite

Formula: CaMg(AsO₄)F

Tinzenite

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

ⓘ Tinzenite (TL)

Formula: Ca₂Mn²⁺₄Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂

Type Locality:

Reference: Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 403-404.

ⓘ Todorokite

Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O

Reference: Perseil E.A. Untersuchungen über die Anwesenheit von Strontium in den Manganvererzungen von Falotta und Parsettens (GR). Schweiz. mineral. petrogr. Mitt.70, 315 - 310 (1990)

Gallery:

(Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂Oⓘ Takanelite

Takanelite

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Takanelite

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Takanelite

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Anatase	4.DD.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Birnessite	4.FL.45	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
ⓘ	Cryptomelane	4.DK.05a	K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Manganite	4.FD.15	Mn³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Opal	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	var. Opal-AN	4.DA.10	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	var. Chalcedony	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Ranciéite	4.FL.40	(Ca,Mn²⁺)_0.2(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂ · 0.6H₂O
ⓘ	Takanelite	4.FL.40	(Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂O
ⓘ	Todorokite	4.DK.10	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Aragonite	5.AB.15	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	var. Manganese-bearing Calcite	5.AB.05	(Ca,Mn)CO₃
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Rhodochrosite	5.AB.05	MnCO₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Arseniopleite	8.AC.10	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃
ⓘ	Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)	8.BL.13	CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Manganberzeliite	8.AC.25	(NaCa₂)Mn²⁺₂(AsO₄)₃
ⓘ	Tilasite	8.BH.10	CaMg(AsO₄)F
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Analcime	9.GB.05	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
ⓘ	Ardennite-(As)	9.BJ.40	Mn²⁺₄Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Braunite	9.AG.05	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆(SiO₄)O₈
ⓘ	Parsettensite (TL)	9.EG.40	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Piemontite	9.BG.05a	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
ⓘ	Rhodonite	9.DK.05	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
ⓘ	Sursassite (TL)	9.BG.15	Mn²⁺₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
ⓘ	Tinzenite (TL)	9.BD.20	Ca₂Mn²⁺₄Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
Group 10 - Organic Compounds
ⓘ	Lindbergite	10.AB.05	Mn²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O

List of minerals arranged by Dana 8th Edition classification

Group 4 - SIMPLE OXIDES
A₂X₃
ⓘ	Hematite	4.3.1.2	Fe₂O₃
AX₂
ⓘ	Anatase	4.4.4.1	TiO₂
Group 6 - HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
XO(OH)
ⓘ	Manganite	6.1.3.1	Mn³⁺O(OH)
Group 7 - MULTIPLE OXIDES
(AB)₂X₃
ⓘ	Birnessite	7.5.3.1	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
ⓘ	Braunite	7.5.1.3	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆(SiO₄)O₈
AB₃X₇
ⓘ	Todorokite	7.8.1.1	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
AB₈X₁₆
ⓘ	Cryptomelane	7.9.1.2	K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆
AB₄X₉
ⓘ	Ranciéite	7.10.1.1	(Ca,Mn²⁺)_0.2(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂ · 0.6H₂O
ⓘ	Takanelite	7.10.1.2	(Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂O
Group 14 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL CARBONATES
A(XO₃)
ⓘ	Calcite	14.1.1.1	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Rhodochrosite	14.1.1.4	MnCO₃
Group 16a - ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
ⓘ	Malachite	16a.3.1.1	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Group 28 - ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
AXO₄
ⓘ	Baryte	28.3.1.1	BaSO₄
Group 38 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
(AB)₅(XO₄)₃
ⓘ	Arseniopleite	38.2.2.2	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃
ⓘ	Manganberzeliite	38.2.1.2	(NaCa₂)Mn²⁺₂(AsO₄)₃
Group 41 - ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
(AB)₂(XO₄)Z_q
ⓘ	Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)	41.5.11.1	CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Tilasite	41.5.6.1	CaMg(AsO₄)F
Group 56 - SOROSILICATES Si₂O₇ Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H₂O
Si₂O₇ Groups and O, OH, F, and H₂O with cations in [4] and/or >[4] coordination
ⓘ	Tinzenite (TL)	56.2.2.4	Ca₂Mn²⁺₄Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
Group 58 - SOROSILICATES Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups
Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with cations in [6] and higher coordination; single and double groups (n = 1, 2)
ⓘ	Piemontite	58.2.1a.11	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
ⓘ	Sursassite (TL)	58.2.3.1	Mn²⁺₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with insular single and triple groups (n=1, 3)
ⓘ	Ardennite-(As)	58.3.1.1	Mn²⁺₄Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Group 65 - INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=5
ⓘ	Rhodonite	65.4.1.1	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
Group 74 - PHYLLOSILICATES Modulated Layers
Modulated Layers with joined islands
ⓘ	Parsettensite (TL)	74.1.3.1	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
Group 75 - TECTOSILICATES Si Tetrahedral Frameworks
Si Tetrahedral Frameworks - SiO₂ with [4] coordinated Si
ⓘ	Quartz	75.1.3.1	SiO₂
Si Tetrahedral Frameworks - SiO₂ with H₂O and organics
ⓘ	Opal	75.2.1.1	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Group 76 - TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
Al-Si Framework with Al-Si frameworks
ⓘ	Albite	76.1.3.1	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Group 77 - TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
Zeolite group - True zeolites
ⓘ	Analcime	77.1.1.1	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Unclassified Minerals, Mixtures, etc.
ⓘ	Aragonite	-	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite	-	(Ca,Mn)CO₃
ⓘ	Lindbergite	-	Mn²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Opal var. Opal-AN	-	SiO₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	Quartz var. Chalcedony	-	SiO₂

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn₄²⁺Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
H	ⓘ Sursassite	Mn₂²⁺Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
H	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Lindbergite	Mn²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
H	ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)	CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
H	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN	SiO₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Piemontite	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
H	ⓘ Ranciéite	(Ca,Mn²⁺)_0.2(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂ · 0.6H₂O
H	ⓘ Takanelite	(Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn₄²⁺Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Lindbergite	Mn²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
C	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
C	ⓘ Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite	(Ca,Mn)CO₃
C	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn₄²⁺Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
O	ⓘ Sursassite	Mn₂²⁺Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
O	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Lindbergite	Mn²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
O	ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)	CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Arseniopleite	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
O	ⓘ Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn₆³⁺(SiO₄)O₈
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Cryptomelane	K(Mn₇⁴⁺Mn³⁺)O₁₆
O	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN	SiO₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Manganberzeliite	(NaCa₂)Mn₂²⁺(AsO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite	(Ca,Mn)CO₃
O	ⓘ Piemontite	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Ranciéite	(Ca,Mn²⁺)_0.2(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂ · 0.6H₂O
O	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
O	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
O	ⓘ Takanelite	(Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Tilasite	CaMg(AsO₄)F
O	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Tilasite	CaMg(AsO₄)F
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
Na	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Arseniopleite	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃
Na	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
Na	ⓘ Manganberzeliite	(NaCa₂)Mn₂²⁺(AsO₄)₃
Na	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
Mg	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Tilasite	CaMg(AsO₄)F
Mg	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn₄²⁺Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Sursassite	Mn₂²⁺Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
Al	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)	CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Piemontite	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Al	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn₄²⁺Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Sursassite	Mn₂²⁺Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
Si	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn₆³⁺(SiO₄)O₈
Si	ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Opal var. Opal-AN	SiO₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Piemontite	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
Si	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Si	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Opal	SiO₂ · nH₂O
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
K	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
K	ⓘ Cryptomelane	K(Mn₇⁴⁺Mn³⁺)O₁₆
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn₄²⁺Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
Ca	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Aragonite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Arseniopleite	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Manganberzeliite	(NaCa₂)Mn₂²⁺(AsO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite	(Ca,Mn)CO₃
Ca	ⓘ Piemontite	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Ranciéite	(Ca,Mn²⁺)_0.2(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂ · 0.6H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
Ca	ⓘ Takanelite	(Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Tilasite	CaMg(AsO₄)F
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn₄²⁺Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
Mn	ⓘ Sursassite	Mn₂²⁺Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
Mn	ⓘ Parsettensite	(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O
Mn	ⓘ Lindbergite	Mn²⁺(C₂O₄) · 2H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Arseniopleite	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃
Mn	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn₆³⁺(SiO₄)O₈
Mn	ⓘ Cryptomelane	K(Mn₇⁴⁺Mn³⁺)O₁₆
Mn	ⓘ Manganberzeliite	(NaCa₂)Mn₂²⁺(AsO₄)₃
Mn	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
Mn	ⓘ Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite	(Ca,Mn)CO₃
Mn	ⓘ Piemontite	{Ca₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Mn	ⓘ Ranciéite	(Ca,Mn²⁺)_0.2(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)O₂ · 0.6H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
Mn	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
Mn	ⓘ Takanelite	(Mn,Ca)Mn₄O₉ · H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)	CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆
As	ⓘ Arseniopleite	NaCaMnMn₂(AsO₄)₃
As	ⓘ Manganberzeliite	(NaCa₂)Mn₂²⁺(AsO₄)₃
As	ⓘ Tilasite	CaMg(AsO₄)F
As	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Sr	Strontium
Sr	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Arsenoflorencite-(Ce)	CeAl₃(AsO₄)₂(OH)₆

References

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Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)

Plattner, P. (1878): Geschichte des Bergbaus in der östlichen Schweiz. Chur, 1878.

Schwarzenbach (1881): Analyse von Manganerz aus dem Oberhalbstein. In: Mitteilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Bern, 1881. Sitzungsbericht, p. 26.

Walkmeister, Ch. (1889): Aus der Geschichte des Bergbaues in den Kantonen Glarus und Graubünden. In: Jahresbericht der Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft St.Gallen 1887 / 1888, St.Gallen 1889.

Tarnuzzer, Ch. (1893): Die Manganerze bei Roffna im Oberhalbstein (Graubünden). In: Zeitschrift für praktische Geologie mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Lagerstättenkunde, p. 234 – 237.

Theobald, G. (1893): Naturbilder aus den rhätischen Alpen, III. Auflage, 1893, p. 134, 136, 139.

Krahmann, M. (1893): Zeitschrift für praktische Geologie mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Lagerstättenkunde, Band 1.

Heim, Albert (1899):. Die Eisenerze des Avers und die Manganerze von Oberhalbstein. Eclogae Geologica Helvetica, IV, 1899, p. 491.

Tarnuzzer, Ch. , Nussbaumer G. et Lorenz, P. (1900) : Notice sur quelques gisements métallifères du Canton des Grisons, Coire 1900, S. 23 – 26, 38. In : Jahresbericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Graubünden, Bd. XLIII, 1900.

Wencelius, A. (1904): Eisen- und Mangangruben der Schweiz. In: Berg- und Hüttenmänner Zeitung, 1904, Nr. 15.

Stelzner, A. F. (1904): Die Erzlagerstätten.

Tarnuzzer, Ch. & Arbenz, P. (1913): Geologisches Gutachten über die Erzlagerstätten im Gebiet der Gemeinde Tinzen (Oberhalbstein Graubünden).

Tarnuzzer, Ch. (1916): Aus Rätiens Natur und Alpenwelt.

Annalas della Societad Rhaeto-Romanscha (1916) , La Societad, 1916.

Müller, F. P. (1916): Die Manganerzlagerstätten des Oberhalbsteins. - Zeitschrift für praktische Geologie mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Lagerstättenkunde, 25, p. 219-228.

Krahmann, M. (1917): Zeitschrift für praktische Geologie mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Lagerstättenkunde, Band 24.

Jahresbericht (1919) der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Graubündens, p. 54.

Fehlmann, H. (1919): Der schweizerische Bergbau während des I. Weltkrieges. Schweiz. Volkswirtschaftsdepartement, Bergbaubüro, Verlag Kümmerly & Frey.

Heim, Albert (1922): Geologie der Schweiz. Band II: Die Schweizer Alpen.

Jakob, J. (1923): Vier Mangansilikate aus dem Val d'Err (Kt. Graubünden). In: Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, Vol. 3, p.227-237. (Sursassit, Tinzenit und Parsettensit).

Arbenz, P. & Tarnuzzer, Ch.(1923): Die Manganerze im Radiolarienhornstein in Mittelbünden. Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz, Geotechnische Serie, 13. Lief., 1. Band (1923), p. 253-277.

Jakob, J. (1926): Sursassit, ein Mangansilikat aus dem Val d'Err (GR). In: Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, Vol. 6, p. 376-380.

Jakob, J. (1926): Die Tinzenit-Varietäten aus dem Val d'Err, GR. In: Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen Vol. 6, p. 200-203.

Jakob, J. (1931): Über die chemische Formel und die optischen Daten des Sursassit. In: Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, Vol. 11, p.56-66.

Jakob, J. (1933): Die Manganerzlagerstätten zwischen Val d'Err und Roffna (Oberhalbstein), ihre Begleitminerale und ihre Genesis. In: Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, Vol. 13, p.17-39.

Früh, J. (1932): Geographie der Schweiz.

Niggli, P., Koenigsberger, J. G. & Parker, R. L. (1940): Die Mineralien der Schweizer Alpen. Verlag B. Wipf & Company.

Glauser, A. (1946): Abschliessender bergwirtschaftlicher Bericht über die Manganerzlagerstätte Parsettens.

Fehlmann, H. (1947): Der schweizerische Bergbau während des II. Weltkrieges. Büro für Bergbau des eidgenössischen Kriegs-, Industrie- und Arbeitsamtes.

Geiger, Th. (1948): Manganerze in den Radiolariten Graubündens. Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz, 27, 85 pp. [http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:21226/eth-21226-01.pdf]

Kündig, E. & de Quervain, F. (1953) : Fundstellen mineralischer Rohstoffe in der Schweiz, p.117, 118, 188.

Cadisch, J. (1953): Geologie der Schweizer Alpen.

Parker, R. L. (1954): Die Mineralfunde der Schweizer Alpen.

Wehrli, H-R. (1954): Die Eisenerzeugung der Schweiz im zweiten Weltkrieg. p. 107, 112.

Stucky, K. (1960): Die Eisen- und Manganerze in der Trias des Val Ferrera. In: Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz. Lieferung 37, 1960, p.13, 55.

Grunau, H. R. (1965): Radiolarian cherts and associated rocks in space and time. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 58, 157-208.

Weibel, M., Graeser, St., Oberholzer, W. F., Stalder, H.A. & Gabriel, W. (1966): Die Mineralien der Schweiz. Ein mineralogischer Führer, p. 22, 182, 201.

Dietrich, V. (1969): Die Ophiolithe des Oberhalbsteins, Graubünden und das Ophiolithmaterial der ostschweizerischen Molasseablagerungen: Ein petrographischer Vergleich.

Graeser, S., Oberholzer, W.F. & Stalder, H.A. (1978): Mineral-Neufunde aus der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete III. In: Schweizer Strahler, Nr.11, p. 441-452.

Graeser, S., Oberholzer, W.F., Stalder, H.A. & Schenker, F. (1979): Mineral-Neufunde aus der Schweiz und angrenzenden Gebieten IV. In: Schweizer Strahler, Nr.4, p.141-154.

Vobornyo, O. (1980): Geologie des Carungas. Diplomarbeit, ETH Zürich.

Graeser, S., Oberholzer, W.F., Schmutz, L. & Stalder, H.A. (1981): Mineral-Neufunde aus der Schweiz und angrenzenden Gebieten V. Schweizer Strahler, Nr. 11, 437-467.

Rykart, R. (1982): Quarz mit Manganmineral-Einschlüssen aus dem Oberhalbstein und ihre Geschichte. Schweizer Strahler, Nr. 3, xx-xx.

Schmutz, L. & Graeser, St. (1982): Blei- und Zink-Sekundärmineralien. Schweizer Mineralienfreund Nr. 2, xx-xx.

Graeser, St., Schwander, H. & Suhner, B. (1984): Grischunit (CaMn2[AsO4]2), eine neue Mineralart aus den Schweizer Alpen. In: Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 64, 1- 10.

Suana, M. (1984): Die Manganerzlagerstätten von Tinizong (Oberhalbstein, Graubünden). Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz, Schweizerische Geotechnische Serie 64, 1-93. (pp. 66–80)

Geiger, Th. & Cabalzar, W. (1989): Ardennit - Ein Neufund von der Alp Parsettens, Val d'Err GR. Schweizer Strahler Nr. 5, 201-211.

Perseil, E.A. (1990): Sur la présence du strontium dans les minéralisations manganésifières de Falotta et de Parsettens (Grisons - Suisse) - évolution des paragenèses. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 70, 315-320.

Roberts, W. L.; Campbell, Th. J., & Rapp, G. R. (1990): Encyclopedia of Minerals.

Graeser, St. (1991): Geigerit - ein neues Mineral aus den Schweizer Alpen. In: Schweizer Strahler Nr. 2, p. 59 – 75, 1991.

Graeser, St. (1995): Bergslagit aus den Schweizeralpen. In: Der Aufschluss, p. 15 , 1995.

Gmelin, L. (1996): Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Mn – Manganese.

Nicholson, K. Hein, J. R., Bühn, B. & Dasgupta, S. (1997): Manganese Mineralization: Geochemistry and Mineralogy of of Terrestrial And Marine Deposits. In: Special Publication No. 119, Geological Society.

Stalder, H.A., Wagner, A., Graeser, St. & Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz.

Brun, E. (1998): 3000 Jahre Bergbaugeschichte im Oberhalbstein (Graubünden. In: Anschnitt. Zeitschrift für Kunst und Kultur im Bergbau, Volume 50, 1998, Heft 4, p. 145 – 153.

Hochleither, R. (1999): Tinzenit. In: Lapis. Jg. 24, Nr. 3, p. 9-11, 1999.

Aemisegger B., 1999: Geotopausscheidung 1999. Amt für Natur und Landschaft Graubünden. Unveröff. Interner Bericht.

Melgarejo i Drager, J. C. (2003): Atlas de asociaciones minerales en lamina delgada.

Atencio, D., Coutinho, J.M.V., Graeser, S., Matioli, P.A. & Menezes Filho, L.A.D. (2004): Lindbergite, a new Mn oxalate dihydrate from Boca Rica mine, Galiléia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and other occurences. American Mineralogist, 89, 1087-1091.

Roth, Ph. (2007): Minerals first discovered in Switzerland and Minerals named after Swiss individuals.

Klinger, H.P (2007): Die Mangan-Vorkommen von Falotta und Parsettens im bündnerischen Oberhalbstein, Schweiz. I. 1/2007, p. 24-26. EGMA-News, Hannover, ISSN 1865-5637.

Klinger, H.P. (2007): Die Mineralien der Mangan-Lagerstätte Parsettens und Falotta im Oberhalbstein, Graubünden. II. 2/2007, p. 20-27, EGMA-News (European Geol. & Mineral. Assoc.) Hannover, ISSN 1865-5637.

Pfiffner, O. A. (2010): Geologie der Alpen. Verlag UTB.

Roth, Ph. & Meisser, N. (2013): Die seltenen Mineralien der Bündner Manganvorkommen. In: Schweizer Strahler 47 (3), 8-21 (in German and French).

External Links

http://kristalle.ch/KlingerMinerals/mineralien-parsettens.htm

http://kristalle.ch/KlingerMinerals/

http://kristalle.ch/KlingerMinerals/weitere-bilder.htm

http://dav0.bgdi.admin.ch/kogis_web/downloads/geologie/geotope/geotope-CH_266.pdf (Geotope CH)

http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:21226/eth-21226-01.pdf (Th. Geiger 1948)

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

EuropeContinent

The AlpsMountain Range

Switzerland

Grisons
- Albula Region
  - Oberhalbstein AlpsMountain Range

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