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Kenyai
Regional Level Types
KenyaCountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
08529920015777223384503.jpg
border marking, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
08929410015306975036436.jpg
flank phonolite cones, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
08101770014950471728072.jpg
carbonatite dyke, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
08529920015777223384503.jpg
border marking, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
02603880014946415924641.jpg
flank phonolite cones, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
07830250014946415925822.jpg
carbonatite dyke, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
08529920015777223384503.jpg
border marking, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
02603880014946415924641.jpg
flank phonolite cones, Shombole volcano

Shompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
Area:
581,309 km2
Neighbouring regions:
Ethiopia
South Sudan
Ilemi Triangle
Uganda
Somalia
Tanzania
Type:
Country
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
Nairobi2,750,547 (2014)
Mombasa799,668 (2014)
Nakuru259,903 (2018)
Eldoret218,446 (2013)
Kisumu216,479 (2013)
Thika200,000 (2013)
Mindat Locality ID:
2232
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:2232:6
GUID (UUID V4):
9c22eae7-da8b-4204-81c9-589f53739148
Other Languages:
View 217 more...
French:
Kenya
German:
Kenia
Italian:
Kenya
Russian:
Кения
Simplified Chinese:
肯尼亚
Spanish:
Kenia
Swahili:
Kenya
Achinese:
Kenya
Adyghe:
Кение
Afrikaans:
Kenia
Akan:
Kɛnya
Albanian:
Kenia
Alemannic:
Kenia
Amharic:
ኬንያ
Anglo-Saxon:
Cenia
Arabic:
كينيا
Aragonese:
Kenia
Armenian:
Քենիա
Aromanian:
Kenia
Assamese:
কেনিয়া
Asturian:
Kenia
Azeri:
Keniya
Bambara:
Kenya
Bashkir:
Кения
Basque:
Kenya
Belarusian:
Кенія
Belarusian (Tarashkevitsa):
Кенія
Bengali:
কেনিয়া
Bishnupriya Manipuri:
কেনিয়া
Bosnian:
Kenija
Breton:
Kenya
Bulgarian:
Кения
Burmese:
ကင်ညာနိုင်ငံ
Catalan:
Kenya
Cebuano:
Kenya
Central Bikol:
Kenya
Central Kurdish/Sorani:
کینیا
Chavacano:
Kenia
Chechen:
Кени
Cherokee:
ᎨᏂᏯ
Chuvash:
Кени
Classical Chinese:
肯亞
Cornish:
Kenya
Crimean Tatar (Latin):
Keniya
Croatian:
Kenija
Czech:
Keňa
Danish:
Kenya
Doteli:
केन्या
Dutch:
Kenia
Dzongkha:
ཀེ་ནི་ཡ་
Egyptian Arabic:
كينيا
Esperanto:
Kenjo
Estonian:
Keenia
Ewe:
Kenia
Extremaduran:
Quénia
Faroese:
Kenja
Farsi/Persian:
کنیا
Fiji Hindi:
Kenya
Finnish:
Kenia
Franco-Provençal:
Kenia
Fula:
Kenya
Gagauz:
Keniya
Galician:
Quenia
Georgian:
კენია
Greek:
Κένυα
Greenlandic:
Kenya
Guarani:
Kéña
Gujarati:
કેન્યા
Haitian:
Kenya
Hakka:
Kenya
Hausa:
Kenya
Hawaiian:
Kenia
Hebrew:
קניה
Hill Mari:
Кени
Hindi:
कीनिया
Hungarian:
Kenya
Icelandic:
Kenía
Ido:
Kenia
Igbo:
Kenya
Iloko:
Kenya
Indonesian:
Kenya
Interlingua:
Kenya
Interlingue:
Kenia
Irish Gaelic:
An Chéinia
Jamaican Patois:
Kenia
Japanese:
ケニア
Javanese:
Kénya
Judaeo-Spanish:
Kenia
Kabiye:
Keniya
Kabyle:
Kenya
Kalmyk:
Кенимудин Орн
Kannada:
ಕೀನ್ಯಾ
Kapampangan:
Kenya
Karakalpak:
Keniya
Kashmiri:
کِنٛیا
Kazakh (Cyrillic Script):
Кения
Khmer:
កេនយ៉ា
Kikuyu:
Kenya
Kinyarwanda:
Kenya
Kongo:
Kenya
Konkani:
केनिया
Korean:
케냐
Kurdish (Latin Script):
Kenya
Kyrgyz:
Кения
Lao:
ເຄັນຢ້າ
Latgalian:
Keneja
Latin:
Kenia
Latvian:
Kenija
Lezghian:
Кения
Ligurian:
Kenya
Limburgian:
Kenia
Lingala:
Kénya
Lingua Franca Nova:
Cenia
Lithuanian:
Kenija
Livvi-Karelian:
Kenii
Lojban:
kenias
Lombard:
Kenya
Low Saxon/Low German:
Kenia
Lower Sorbian:
Kenia
Luganda:
Kenya
Luri:
کنیا
Luxembourgish:
Kenia
Macedonian:
Кенија
Maithili:
केन्या
Malagasy:
Kenia
Malay:
Kenya
Malayalam:
കെനിയ
Maltese:
Kenja
Manx:
Yn Cheinney
Maori:
Kēnia
Marathi:
केनिया
Mazanderani:
کنیا
Min Dong Chinese:
Kenya
Minangkabau:
Kenya
Mingrelian:
კენია
Minnan / Hokkien-Taiwanese:
Kenya
Mongolian:
Кени
Nahuatl:
Quenia
Nauruan:
Keniya
Navajo:
Kénya
Neapolitan:
Kenya
Nepali:
केन्या
Newar / Nepal Bhasa:
केन्या
Norfolk:
Keniia
Northern Frisian:
Keenia
Northern Sami:
Kenia
Northern Sotho:
Kenya
Norwegian:
Kenya
Norwegian (Nynorsk):
Kenya
Novial:
Kenya
Occitan:
Kenya
Odia:
କେନିଆ
Ossetian:
Кени
Pali:
केन्या
Pangasinan:
Kenya
Papiamento:
Kenia
Pashto:
کېنيا
Piedmontese:
Kenya
Polish:
Kenia
Portuguese:
Quénia
Punjabi:
ਕੀਨੀਆ
Quechua:
Kinya
Ripuarian:
Keenija
Romanian:
Kenya
Romansh:
Kenia
Russia Buriat:
Кени
Rusyn:
Кенія
Samogitian:
Kėnėjė
Sango:
Kenyäa
Sanskrit:
केन्या
Sardinian:
Kènya
Saterland Frisian:
Kenia
Scots:
Kenyae
Scottish Gaelic:
A' Cheinia
Serbian:
Кенија
Serbo-Croatian:
Kenija
Sesotho:
Kenya
Shona:
Kenya
Sicilian:
Kenya
Silesian:
Kyńijo
Sinhalese:
කෙන්යාව
Slovak:
Keňa
Slovenian:
Kenija
Somali:
Kiinya
South Azerbaijani:
کنیا
Sundanese:
Kénya
Swati:
IKheniya
Swedish:
Kenya
Tagalog:
Kenya
Tajik (Cyrillic Script):
Кения
Tamil:
கென்யா
Tatar:
Кения
Telugu:
కెన్యా
Thai:
ประเทศเคนย่า
Tibetan (Standard):
ཁེ་ནི་ཡ།
Tigrinya:
ኬንያ
Tongan:
Kenia
Traditional Chinese:
肯雅
Tsonga:
Kenya
Turkish:
Kenya
Turkmen:
Keniýa
Udmurt:
Кения
Ukrainian:
Кенія
Upper Sorbian:
Kenia
Urdu:
کینیا
Uyghur:
كېنىيە
Uzbek (Latin Script):
Keniya
Venetian:
Kenya
Veps:
Kenii
Vietnamese:
Kenya
Volapük:
Kenyän
Võro:
Kenya
Waray:
Kenya
Welsh:
Kenya
West Frisian:
Kenya
Western Punjabi:
کینیا
Wolof:
Keeñaa
Wu Chinese:
肯尼亚
Yakut:
Кения
Yiddish:
קעניע
Yoruba:
Kẹ́nyà
Zazaki:
Kenya
Zhuang:
Kenya
Zulu:
IKenya


Kenya adopted a new constitution on 27 August 2010 and this came into force after the general elections on 27 March 2013. This resulted in the provinces being replaced with the following 47 semi-autonomous counties, some of which have the same name as the former provinces: Mombassa; Kwale; Kilifi; Tana River; Lamu; Taita/Taveta; Garissa; Wajir; Mandera; Marsabit; Isiolo; Meru; Tharaka-Nithi; Embu; Kitui; Machakos; Makueni; Nyandarua; Nyeri; Kirinyaga; Murang'a; Kiambu; Turkana; West Pokot; Samburu; Trans Nzoia; Uasin Gishu; Elgeyo/Marakwet; Nandi; Baringo; Laikipia; Nakuru; Narok; Kajiado; Kericho; Bomet; Kakamega; Vihiga; Bungoma; Busia; Siaya; Kisumu; Homa Bay; Migori; Kisii; Nyamira; and Nairobi City.

These 47 counties now form the first-order divisions of Kenya.

Under the constitution these county boundaries may only be altered by Parliamentary resolution in order to reflect, for example changing populations.

Prior to 2013, Kenya comprised the following eight provinces (mkoa singular, mikoa plural in Swahili): Central; Coast; Eastern; Nairobi; North Eastern; Nyanza; Rift Valley; and Western. These former provinces were subdivided into districts (wilaya). Many of the counties are equivalent to the old districts. The former provinces have been retained as non-hierarchical localities as many texts and references refer to these and the fact that the changes are fairly recent.

Note: East Africa Protectorate (also known as British East Africa) was an area of East Africa occupying roughly the same terrain as present-day Kenya; it was controlled by Britain in the late 19th century.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

166 valid minerals. 7 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 10 erroneous literature entries.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Agglomerate

ⓘ Alkali basalt

ⓘ Alvikite

ⓘ Andesite

ⓘ 'Ankaramite'

ⓘ 'Ankaratrite'

ⓘ Anorthosite

ⓘ Ash

ⓘ Banded iron formation

ⓘ Basalt

ⓘ Basanite

ⓘ Benmoreite

ⓘ Berondrite

ⓘ Biotitite

ⓘ Breccia

ⓘ Camptonite

ⓘ Carbonatite

ⓘ Chert

ⓘ Clay

ⓘ Comenditic rhyolite

ⓘ Diorite

ⓘ 'Dolerite'

ⓘ Dolomite-carbonatite

ⓘ 'Essexite'

ⓘ Fenite

ⓘ Ferrocarbonatite

ⓘ Foidite

ⓘ 'Foyaite'

ⓘ Gabbro

ⓘ Gneiss

ⓘ Granite

ⓘ 'Granitic gneiss'

ⓘ Granodiorite

ⓘ Granulite

ⓘ 'Greywacke'

ⓘ Guano

ⓘ Harzburgite

ⓘ Hawaiite

ⓘ 'Ignimbritic tuff'

ⓘ Ijolite

ⓘ 'Jacupirangite'

ⓘ 'Kenyte'

ⓘ Lamprophyre

ⓘ Lapilli-tuff

ⓘ Laterite

ⓘ 'Leucocratic nephelinolite'

ⓘ Lherzolite

ⓘ Limestone

ⓘ 'Malignite'

ⓘ Marble

ⓘ 'Melanocratic nephelinite'

ⓘ 'Melanocratic nephelinolite'

ⓘ Metabasalt

ⓘ 'Microgranite'

ⓘ 'Microsyenite'

ⓘ Monchiquite

ⓘ Mugearite

ⓘ Nepheline-syenite

ⓘ Nephelinite

ⓘ Obsidian

ⓘ 'Olivine basalt'

ⓘ Pallasite meteorite

ⓘ Pantelleritic rhyolite

ⓘ 'Pantelleritic trachyte'

ⓘ 'Pegmatite'

ⓘ 'Peralkaline alkali-feldspar-granite'

ⓘ 'Peralkaline rhyolite'

ⓘ 'Peralkaline trachyte'

ⓘ Peridotite

ⓘ Phonolite

ⓘ Phonolitic-tephrite

ⓘ Picrite

ⓘ Picrobasalt

ⓘ 'Porphyrite'

ⓘ 'Porphyry'

ⓘ Pumice

ⓘ Pyroclastic sediment

ⓘ Pyroxenite

ⓘ Quartz-trachyte

ⓘ Quartzite

ⓘ 'R3.8-6 chondrite meteorite'

ⓘ Rhyolite

ⓘ Sandstone

ⓘ Schist

ⓘ 'Soda trachyte'

ⓘ 'Spinel lherzolite'

ⓘ Syenite

ⓘ Søvite

ⓘ 'Tannbuschite'

ⓘ Tephrite

ⓘ 'Teschenite'

ⓘ 'Tholeiitic basalt'

ⓘ Trachyandesite

ⓘ Trachybasalt

ⓘ Trachyte

ⓘ Tuff

ⓘ Turjaite

ⓘ Uncompahgrite

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 42 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 46 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aenigmatite
Formula: Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Localities: Reported from at least 43 localities in this region.
References:
Nash, W.P., Carmichael, I.S.E., Hohnson, R.W. (1969) The Mineralogy and Petrology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 10:3, 409-439.
Johnshon, R. W. (1969). Volcanic geology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 265(1164), 383-412. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1969.0061
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107
Randel, R. P., & Johnson, R. W. (1991). Geology of the Suswa area (No. 97). Mines & Geological Department.
Macdonald, R., Kjarsgaard, B. A., Skilling, I. P., Davies, G. R., Hamilton, D. L., & Black, S. (1993). Liquid immiscibility between trachyte and carbonate in ash flow tuffs from Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 114(2), 276-287. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307762
Skilling, I. P. (1993). Incremental caldera collapse of Suswa volcano, Gregory rift valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(5), 885-896. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.5.0885
Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
References:
Smith, W. C. (1938). Petrographic description of volcanic rocks from Turkana, Kenya Colony, with notes on their field occurrence from the manuscript of Mr. AM Champion. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 94(1-4), 507-554. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1938.094.01-04.18
Walsh, J., & Dodson, R. G. (1969). Geology of northern Turkana. Republic of Kenya: Ministry of Natural Ressources, Geological Survey of Kenya, 82.
Hatch, F. H., Wells, A. K., & Wells, M. K. (1972). Petrology ofthe Igneous Rocks (13th Edition). Thomas Murby, London.
Zanettin, B., Justin Visentin, E., Bellieni, G., Piccirillo, E. M., & Rita, F. (1983). Le volcanisme du Bassin du Nord-Turkana (Kenya): Age, succession et évolution structurale. Bulletin des centres de recherches exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine, 7(1), 249-255.
ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase
Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 35 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Alkali pyroxene'
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Allanite Group'
Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘ 'Almandine-Pyrope Series var. Rhodolite'
Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite
Formula: Ca3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
ⓘ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘ Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
References:
Rix, P. (1973). Geology of the Kauro-Merille area. Geol. Surv. Kenya Rept. 92.
Suwa, K., Yusa, Y., & Kishida, N. (1975). Petrology of peridotite nodules from Ndonyuo Olnchoro, Samburu district, central Kenya. In Physics and Chemistry of the Earth (pp. 273-286). Pergamon. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-018017-5.50025-0
AOKI, K. I., & SUWA, K. (1977). Major element geochemistry of peridotite nodules from Samburu district, Kenya. Second Preliminary Report of African Studies (Earth Sciences 2), Nagoya University, 2, 161-164.
Brotzu, P., Morbidelli, L., Nicoletti, M., Piccirillo, E. M., & Traversa, G. (1984). Miocene to Quaternary volcanism in eastern Kenya: sequence and geochronology. Tectonophysics, 101(1-2), 75-86. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(84)90043-X
Charsley, T. J. (1987). Geology of the Laisamis area. Geol. Surv. Kenya Rep, 106.
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
ⓘ Aphthitalite
Formula: (K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
ⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'
Formula: AB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
ⓘ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Arfvedsonite
Formula: [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Asbestos'
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
References:
Rocky Mountain (53rd) and South-Central (35th) Sections, GSA, Joint Annual Meeting (April 29–May 2, 2001) Session No. 7-Booth# 38.
Nash, W.P., Carmichael, I.S.E., Hohnson, R.W. (1969) The Mineralogy and Petrology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 10:3, 409-439.
Johnshon, R. W. (1969). Volcanic geology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 265(1164), 383-412. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1969.0061
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107
Randel, R. P., & Johnson, R. W. (1991). Geology of the Suswa area (No. 97). Mines & Geological Department.
Macdonald, R., Kjarsgaard, B. A., Skilling, I. P., Davies, G. R., Hamilton, D. L., & Black, S. (1993). Liquid immiscibility between trachyte and carbonate in ash flow tuffs from Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 114(2), 276-287. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307762
Skilling, I. P. (1993). Incremental caldera collapse of Suswa volcano, Gregory rift valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(5), 885-896. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.5.0885
Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite
Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
ⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite
Formula: (Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
ⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite
Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
References:
Smith, W. C. (1938). Petrographic description of volcanic rocks from Turkana, Kenya Colony, with notes on their field occurrence from the manuscript of Mr. AM Champion. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 94(1-4), 507-554. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1938.094.01-04.18
Walsh, J., & Dodson, R. G. (1969). Geology of northern Turkana. Republic of Kenya: Ministry of Natural Ressources, Geological Survey of Kenya, 82.
Hatch, F. H., Wells, A. K., & Wells, M. K. (1972). Petrology ofthe Igneous Rocks (13th Edition). Thomas Murby, London.
Zanettin, B., Justin Visentin, E., Bellieni, G., Piccirillo, E. M., & Rita, F. (1983). Le volcanisme du Bassin du Nord-Turkana (Kenya): Age, succession et évolution structurale. Bulletin des centres de recherches exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine, 7(1), 249-255.
ⓘ 'Barkevikite'
References:
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214
Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2
Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611
DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479
Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779
Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
References:
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom).
Onuonga, I.O., Bowden, P. (2000) Hot-spring and supergene lanthanide mineralization at the Buru carbonatite centre, Western Kenya. Mineralogical magazine, 64:4, 663-673.
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
ⓘ 'Bastnäsite'
Formula: (Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ⓘ Berdesinskiite (TL)
Formula: V3+2TiO5
Type Locality:
ⓘ Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘ Beryl var. Aquamarine
Formula: Be3Al2Si6O18
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Localities: Reported from at least 38 localities in this region.
ⓘ Bismuth
Formula: Bi
ⓘ Blödite
Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Bobierrite
Formula: Mg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ Brookite
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Brunogeierite
Formula: Ge4+Fe2+2O4
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Brushite
Formula: Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
ⓘ Burkeite
Formula: Na6(CO3)(SO4)2
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
References:
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom).
Onuonga, I.O., Bowden, P. (2000) Hot-spring and supergene lanthanide mineralization at the Buru carbonatite centre, Western Kenya. Mineralogical magazine, 64:4, 663-673.
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
ⓘ Cancrinite
Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ 'Chabazite'
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
ⓘ 'Chevkinite Group'
ⓘ Chlorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'
ⓘ Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Description: Chromite = Chromian Spinel with accessory Ti & Ferric iron
ⓘ Chrysoberyl
Formula: BeAl2O4
ⓘ Clinoferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘ 'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'
Formula: M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Cristobalite
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Cuprospinel
Formula: Cu2+Fe3+2O4
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ 'Denhardtite'
ⓘ Diamond
Formula: C
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘ Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing Dravite
Formula: Na((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
ⓘ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ Epsomite
Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O
ⓘ 'Erionite Subgroup'
Formula: M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
ⓘ Eudialyte
Formula: Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
ⓘ Eugsterite (TL)
Formula: Na4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘ Fayalite
Formula: Fe2+2SiO4
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
References:
Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.
Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.
Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205–228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Price, R.C., Johnson, R.W., Gray, C.M., and Frey, F.A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89, 394–409.
Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560
Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
References:
Nash, W.P., Carmichael, I.S.E., Hohnson, R.W. (1969) The Mineralogy and Petrology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 10:3, 409-439.
Johnshon, R. W. (1969). Volcanic geology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 265(1164), 383-412. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1969.0061
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107
Randel, R. P., & Johnson, R. W. (1991). Geology of the Suswa area (No. 97). Mines & Geological Department.
Macdonald, R., Kjarsgaard, B. A., Skilling, I. P., Davies, G. R., Hamilton, D. L., & Black, S. (1993). Liquid immiscibility between trachyte and carbonate in ash flow tuffs from Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 114(2), 276-287. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307762
Skilling, I. P. (1993). Incremental caldera collapse of Suswa volcano, Gregory rift valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(5), 885-896. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.5.0885
Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 27 localities in this region.
References:
Caswell, P. V., & Baker, B. H. (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area Report No. 24. Nairobi, Geological Survey of Kenya.
Coetzee, G. L., & Edwards, C. B. (1959). The Mrima Hill carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62(1), 373-397.
Rock, N. M. S. (1976). The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56(2), 205-228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Dindi, E. W., & Swain, C. J. (1988). Joint three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data from Jombo Hill alkaline complex, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 493-504. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0493
Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 138.
Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
References:
Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.
Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.
Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205–228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560
Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).
ⓘ Ferro-richterite
Formula: {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Ferrosilite
Formula: Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘ 'Florencite'
ⓘ Florencite-(Ce)
Formula: CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
References:
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom).
Onuonga, I.O., Bowden, P. (2000) Hot-spring and supergene lanthanide mineralization at the Buru carbonatite centre, Western Kenya. Mineralogical magazine, 64:4, 663-673.
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
ⓘ 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series'
ⓘ Forsterite
Formula: Mg2SiO4
ⓘ Franklinite
Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ 'Garnet Group var. Titanium-bearing Garnet'
ⓘ Gaylussite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
ⓘ 'Glass'
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Gmelinite Subgroup'
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Gonnardite
Formula: (Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
ⓘ Gorceixite
Formula: BaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘ Götzenite
Formula: NaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
ⓘ Goyazite
Formula: SrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘ Graphite
Formula: C
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Grossular var. Hessonite
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Grossular var. Tsavorite
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Halite
Formula: NaCl
ⓘ Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘ Hannayite
Formula: (NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
ⓘ Harmotome
Formula: Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘ Hawleyite
Formula: CdS
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Ferrohedenbergite.
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
References:
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Onuonga, I.O., Bowden, P. (2000) Hot-spring and supergene lanthanide mineralization at the Buru carbonatite centre, Western Kenya. Mineralogical magazine, 64:4, 663-673.
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
ⓘ 'Heulandite Subgroup'
Formula: (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ Hexahydrite
Formula: MgSO4 · 6H2O
ⓘ Hibonite
Formula: CaAl12O19
Description: Found in a number of Ca,Al-rich inclusions
ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)
Formula: KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
ⓘ Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
ⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
ⓘ 'Iddingsite'
Formula: MgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Irarsite
Formula: (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘ Iron
Formula: Fe
ⓘ Iron var. Kamacite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
ⓘ Jacobsite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Kaersutite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
References:
Smith, W. C. (1938). Petrographic description of volcanic rocks from Turkana, Kenya Colony, with notes on their field occurrence from the manuscript of Mr. AM Champion. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 94(1-4), 507-554. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1938.094.01-04.18
Walsh, J., & Dodson, R. G. (1969). Geology of northern Turkana. Republic of Kenya: Ministry of Natural Ressources, Geological Survey of Kenya, 82.
Hatch, F. H., Wells, A. K., & Wells, M. K. (1972). Petrology ofthe Igneous Rocks (13th Edition). Thomas Murby, London.
Zanettin, B., Justin Visentin, E., Bellieni, G., Piccirillo, E. M., & Rita, F. (1983). Le volcanisme du Bassin du Nord-Turkana (Kenya): Age, succession et évolution structurale. Bulletin des centres de recherches exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine, 7(1), 249-255.
ⓘ Kanemite
Formula: HNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
ⓘ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Katophorite
Formula: {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
References:
Smith, W. C. (1938). Petrographic description of volcanic rocks from Turkana, Kenya Colony, with notes on their field occurrence from the manuscript of Mr. AM Champion. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 94(1-4), 507-554. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1938.094.01-04.18
Walsh, J., & Dodson, R. G. (1969). Geology of northern Turkana. Republic of Kenya: Ministry of Natural Ressources, Geological Survey of Kenya, 82.
Hatch, F. H., Wells, A. K., & Wells, M. K. (1972). Petrology ofthe Igneous Rocks (13th Edition). Thomas Murby, London.
Zanettin, B., Justin Visentin, E., Bellieni, G., Piccirillo, E. M., & Rita, F. (1983). Le volcanisme du Bassin du Nord-Turkana (Kenya): Age, succession et évolution structurale. Bulletin des centres de recherches exploration-Production Elf-Aquitaine, 7(1), 249-255.
ⓘ Kenyaite (TL)
Formula: Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
ⓘ Klockmannite
Formula: CuSe
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Kogarkoite
Formula: Na3(SO4)F
ⓘ Kolbeckite
Formula: ScPO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Kornerupine
Formula: Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Laumontite
Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘ 'Leucoxene'
ⓘ 'Limonite'
ⓘ Lonecreekite
Formula: (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘ Magadiite (TL)
Formula: Na2Si14O29 · 11H2O
ⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite
Formula: {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Magnesioferrite
Formula: MgFe3+2O4
ⓘ Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 37 localities in this region.
ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
References:
Nash, W.P., Carmichael, I.S.E., Hohnson, R.W. (1969) The Mineralogy and Petrology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 10:3, 409-439.
Johnshon, R. W. (1969). Volcanic geology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 265(1164), 383-412. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1969.0061
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107
Randel, R. P., & Johnson, R. W. (1991). Geology of the Suswa area (No. 97). Mines & Geological Department.
Macdonald, R., Kjarsgaard, B. A., Skilling, I. P., Davies, G. R., Hamilton, D. L., & Black, S. (1993). Liquid immiscibility between trachyte and carbonate in ash flow tuffs from Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 114(2), 276-287. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307762
Skilling, I. P. (1993). Incremental caldera collapse of Suswa volcano, Gregory rift valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(5), 885-896. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.5.0885
Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
ⓘ Makatite (TL)
Formula: Na2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Mica Group'
References:
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214
Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2
Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611
DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479
Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779
Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Mirabilite
Formula: Na2SO4 · 10H2O
ⓘ Mohrite
Formula: (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ Moissanite
Formula: SiC
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ 'Monazite'
Formula: REE(PO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
References:
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Onuonga, I.O., Bowden, P. (2000) Hot-spring and supergene lanthanide mineralization at the Buru carbonatite centre, Western Kenya. Mineralogical magazine, 64:4, 663-673.
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
ⓘ Montdorite
Formula: (K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
ⓘ Mullite
Formula: Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)
Formula: Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
ⓘ Nahcolite
Formula: NaHCO3
ⓘ Natrolite
Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘ Natron
Formula: Na2CO3 · 10H2O
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Localities: Reported from at least 47 localities in this region.
ⓘ Newberyite
Formula: Mg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
ⓘ 'Nickel-iron'
ⓘ Niggliite
Formula: PtSn
Description: as sparse individual grains
ⓘ Nitromagnesite
Formula: Mg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ Nontronite
Formula: Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘ Nosean
Formula: Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
ⓘ Nyerereite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘ Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Opal var. Opaline
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
Description: unequilibrated, mean Fs~26
ⓘ Osbornite
Formula: TiN
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Oxy-dravite (TL)
Formula: Na(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
ⓘ 'Parisite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
ⓘ Pectolite
Formula: NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
ⓘ Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
Description: exsolutions in pyrrhotite
ⓘ Permingeatite
Formula: Cu3SbSe4
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Phillipsite Subgroup'
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Pigeonite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Plumbopyrochlore (of Atencio et al.)'
ⓘ Polyhalite
Formula: K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘ 'Psilomelane'
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
References:
Caswell, P. V., & Baker, B. H. (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area Report No. 24. Nairobi, Geological Survey of Kenya.
Coetzee, G.L., Edwards, C.B. (1959) The Mrima Hill Carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62:1, 373-397.
Coetzee, G. L., & Edwards, C. B. (1959). The Mrima Hill carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62(1), 373-397.
Rock, N. M. S. (1976). The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56(2), 205-228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Dindi, E. W., & Swain, C. J. (1988). Joint three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data from Jombo Hill alkaline complex, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 493-504. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0493
Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 138.
Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
ⓘ Pyrope
Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Pyrophanite
Formula: Mn2+TiO3
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 34 localities in this region.
Description: Both high-Ca & low-Ca varieties
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 41 localities in this region.
ⓘ Quartz var. Agate
ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace Agate
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Rose Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
References:
Rob Lavinsky
ⓘ 'Rhombohedral Carbonate'
Formula: (Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
References:
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214
Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2
Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611
DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479
Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779
Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965
ⓘ Richterite
Formula: Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘ Riebeckite
Formula: ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Description: Riebeckite from this locality is analysed with the following results: SiO2 50,21%, Ti02 0,12%,Al2O3 1,66%, Fe2O3 16.51%, FeO 21.23%. MnO 0.09%, MgO 1.07%. CaO 0.55% Na2O 6.46% K20 0.52% OH 1,65% F 0,10%. Total 100.17. Acicular crystals up to 18 cm with quartz in vugs are described.
ⓘ Rustenburgite
Formula: (Pt,Pd)3Sn
Description: as sparse individual grains
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Salammoniac
Formula: NH4Cl
ⓘ Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
ⓘ Sapphirine
Formula: Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
ⓘ 'Scapolite'
ⓘ Schorlomite
Formula: Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
ⓘ Schreyerite (TL)
Formula: V3+2Ti3O9
Type Locality:
ⓘ Scolecite
Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
ⓘ Sellaite
Formula: MgF2
Locality: Kithiori, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya - erroneously reported
ⓘ Sepiolite
Formula: Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
References:
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom).
Onuonga, I.O., Bowden, P. (2000) Hot-spring and supergene lanthanide mineralization at the Buru carbonatite centre, Western Kenya. Mineralogical magazine, 64:4, 663-673.
Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
ⓘ Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ 'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
ⓘ 'Soda'
ⓘ Sodalite
Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
References:
Nash, W.P., Carmichael, I.S.E., Hohnson, R.W. (1969) The Mineralogy and Petrology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 10:3, 409-439.
Johnshon, R. W. (1969). Volcanic geology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 265(1164), 383-412. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1969.0061
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107
Randel, R. P., & Johnson, R. W. (1991). Geology of the Suswa area (No. 97). Mines & Geological Department.
Macdonald, R., Kjarsgaard, B. A., Skilling, I. P., Davies, G. R., Hamilton, D. L., & Black, S. (1993). Liquid immiscibility between trachyte and carbonate in ash flow tuffs from Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 114(2), 276-287. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307762
Skilling, I. P. (1993). Incremental caldera collapse of Suswa volcano, Gregory rift valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(5), 885-896. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.5.0885
Macdonald, R., Kjarsgaard, B. A., Skilling, I. P., Davies, G. R., Hamilton, D. L., & Black, S. (1993). Liquid immiscibility between trachyte and carbonate in ash flow tuffs from Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 114(2), 276-287. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307762
Skilling, I. P. (1993). Incremental caldera collapse of Suswa volcano, Gregory rift valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(5), 885-896. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.5.0885
Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
ⓘ 'Sodic amphibole'
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Sodic plagioclase'
References:
Scott, S. C. (1980). The geology of Longonot volcano, Central Kenya: a question of volumes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 296(1420), 437-465. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0188
Scott, S. C. (1982). Evidence from Longonot Volcano, central Kenya, lending further support to the argument for a coexisting CO 2 rich vapour in peralkaline magma. Geological Magazine, 119(2), 215-217. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800025917
Scott, S. C., & Bailey, D. K. (1984). Coeruption of contrasting magmas and temporal variations in magma chemistry at Longonot volcano, Central Kenya. Bulletin Volcanologique, 47(4), 849-873. doi.org/10.1007/BF01952347
Clarke, M. C. G., Woodhall, D. G., Allen, D., & Darling, G. (1990). Geological, volcanological and hydrological controls on the occurrence of geothermal activity in the area surrounding Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Kenya, Ministry of Energy Report, Nairobi, Kenya.
Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
ⓘ 'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: An(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ 'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'
Formula: An(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ Sperrylite
Formula: PtAs2
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Stercorite
Formula: (NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'
Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
ⓘ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
ⓘ 'Synchysite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ⓘ Syngenite
Formula: K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
ⓘ Taranakite
Formula: (K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
ⓘ Thénardite
Formula: Na2SO4
ⓘ Thermonatrite
Formula: Na2CO3 · H2O
ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca
Formula: NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
ⓘ Thorite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
ⓘ Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Tourmaline var. Verdelite'
Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Tridymite
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Trona
Formula: Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ Tschermigite
Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘ Turquoise
Formula: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘ 'Uhligite'
Formula: Ca3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Description: Discredited by IMA in 2006 (IMA 06–C), possible perovskite or zirkelite(?).cf. Burke 2006.
ⓘ Villiaumite
Formula: NaF
ⓘ Whitlockite
Formula: Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
ⓘ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
ⓘ Zoisite
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Gallery:

(Na,K)AlSi3O8ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
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Anorthoclase

Mount Kenya National Park, Meru County, Kenya
Mg3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ 'Almandine-Pyrope Series var. Rhodolite'
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
trans.png
Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
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Rhodolite

Lokiriama, Lodwar, Turkana County, Kenya
CaCO3ⓘ Aragonite
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Aragonite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Aragonite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Aragonite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
Be3Al2Si6O18ⓘ Beryl var. Aquamarine
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Aquamarine

Kenya
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Aquamarine

Meru County, Kenya
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Aquamarine

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Aquamarine

Kenya
trans.png
Aquamarine

Kenya
trans.png
Aquamarine

Meru County, Kenya
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Aquamarine

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Aquamarine

Kenya
trans.png
Aquamarine

Kenya
trans.png
Aquamarine

Meru County, Kenya
Al2O3ⓘ Corundum
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Corundum

Lake Turkana, Marsabit County, Kenya
trans.png
Corundum

Kenya
trans.png
Corundum

Lake Turkana, Marsabit County, Kenya
trans.png
Corundum

Kenya
trans.png
Corundum

Lake Turkana, Marsabit County, Kenya
trans.png
Corundum

Kenya
Al2O3ⓘ Corundum var. Ruby
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Ruby

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Ruby

Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
trans.png
Ruby

Coast Province, Kenya
trans.png
Ruby

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
trans.png
Ruby

Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
trans.png
Ruby

Coast Province, Kenya
trans.png
Ruby

Taita Hills, Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
trans.png
Ruby

Tsavo West, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
Al2O3ⓘ Corundum var. Sapphire
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Sapphire

Kenya
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Sapphire

Kenya
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Sapphire

Kenya
Na((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)ⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing Dravite
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Chromium-bearing Dravite

Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Chromium-bearing Dravite

Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Chromium-bearing Dravite

Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)ⓘ Epidote
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Epidote

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Epidote

Kenya
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Epidote

North Eastern Province, Kenya
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Epidote, etc.

Kenya
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Epidote

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Epidote

Kenya
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Epidote

North Eastern Province, Kenya
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Epidote, etc.

Kenya
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Epidote

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Epidote

Kenya
X3Z2(SiO4)3 ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
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Garnet Group

Kenya
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Garnet Group

Kenya
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Garnet Group

Kenya
Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2Oⓘ Gaylussite
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Gaylussite

Lake Amboseli, Kajiado County, Kenya
Cⓘ Graphite
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Graphite, etc.

Kimwarer ore body, Kerio Valley, Turkana County, Kenya
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Graphite, etc.

Kimwarer ore body, Kerio Valley, Turkana County, Kenya
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Graphite, etc.

Kimwarer ore body, Kerio Valley, Turkana County, Kenya
Ca3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ Grossular
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Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Grossular

Rift Valley Province, Kenya
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Grossular

Rift Valley Province, Kenya
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Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Grossular

Rift Valley Province, Kenya
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Grossular

Rift Valley Province, Kenya
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Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Grossular

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
Ca3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ Grossular var. Hessonite
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Hessonite, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Hessonite, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Hessonite, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Hessonite, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Hessonite, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Hessonite, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
Ca3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ Grossular var. Tsavorite
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Tsavorite

Scorpion Mine, Tsavo National Park, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Tsavorite

Scorpion Mine, Tsavo National Park, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Tsavorite

Scorpion Mine, Tsavo National Park, Voi, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
Al2(SiO4)Oⓘ Kyanite
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Kyanite

Sultan Hamud, Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Sultan Hamud, Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Sultan Hamud, Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Sultan Hamud, Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Sultan Hamud, Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Sultan Hamud, Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Sultan Hamud, Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Kyanite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
Na2Si14O29 · 11H2Oⓘ Magadiite (TL)
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Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Magadiite

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
SiO2ⓘ Quartz
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Quartz, etc.

Turkana County, Kenya
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Quartz, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Quartz, etc.

Turkana County, Kenya
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Quartz, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Quartz, etc.

Turkana County, Kenya
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Quartz, etc.

Kajiado County, Kenya
SiO2ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst
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Amethyst, etc.

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
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Amethyst

Turkana County, Kenya
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Amethyst

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Amethyst

Turkana County, Kenya
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Amethyst, etc.

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
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Amethyst

Turkana County, Kenya
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Amethyst

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Amethyst

Turkana County, Kenya
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Amethyst, etc.

Baobab Mine, Kitui County, Kenya
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Amethyst

Turkana County, Kenya
SiO2ⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace Agate
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Blue Lace Agate, etc.

Lapurr Range, Turkana County, Kenya
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Blue Lace Agate, etc.

Lapurr Range, Turkana County, Kenya
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Blue Lace Agate, etc.

Lapurr Range, Turkana County, Kenya
MgAl2O4ⓘ Spinel
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Spinel

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Spinel

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Spinel

Rift Valley Province, Kenya
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Spinel

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Spinel

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Spinel

Rift Valley Province, Kenya
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Spinel

Kajiado County, Kenya
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Spinel

Kajiado County, Kenya
◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2ⓘ Tremolite
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Tremolite

Mangari, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Tremolite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Tremolite

Mangari, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Tremolite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
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Tremolite

Mangari, Taita-Taveta County, Kenya
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Tremolite

Umba Valley Region, Makueni County, Kenya
Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2Oⓘ Trona
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Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya
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Trona

Lake Magadi, Kajiado County, Kenya

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘGold1.AA.05Au
ⓘIron1.AE.05Fe
ⓘvar. Kamacite1.AE.05(Fe,Ni)
ⓘRustenburgite1.AG.10(Pt,Pd)3Sn
ⓘNiggliite1.AG.60PtSn
ⓘOsbornite ?1.BC.15TiN
ⓘBismuth1.CA.05Bi
ⓘGraphite1.CB.05aC
ⓘDiamond1.CB.10aC
ⓘMoissanite ?1.DA.SiC
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘKlockmannite ?2.CA.05bCuSe
ⓘHawleyite ?2.CB.05aCdS
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘSperrylite2.EB.05aPtAs2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘIrarsite2.EB.25(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
ⓘPermingeatite ?2.KA.10Cu3SbSe4
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘVilliaumite3.AA.20NaF
ⓘSylvite3.AA.20KCl
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
ⓘSalammoniac3.AA.25NH4Cl
ⓘSellaite ?3.AB.15MgF2
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Group
var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore Group'		4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘ''4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘChrysoberyl4.BA.05BeAl2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘvar. Titanium-bearing Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘChromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
ⓘMagnesioferrite4.BB.05MgFe3+2O4
ⓘFranklinite ?4.BB.05Zn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘJacobsite4.BB.05Mn2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘCuprospinel ?4.BB.05Cu2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘCorundum
var. Sapphire		4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘPyrophanite ?4.CB.05Mn2+TiO3
ⓘCorundum
var. Ruby		4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘ4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘBerdesinskiite (TL)4.CB.30V3+2TiO5
ⓘSchreyerite (TL)4.CB.35V3+2Ti3O9
ⓘPerovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
ⓘ'Uhligite'4.CC.40Ca3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
ⓘHibonite4.CC.45CaAl12O19
ⓘQuartz
var. Agate		4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Smoky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Amethyst4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Rose Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Blue Lace Agate4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘ4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘOpal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘTridymite4.DA.10SiO2
ⓘOpal
var. Opaline		4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
ⓘCristobalite4.DA.15SiO2
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘAnatase4.DD.05TiO2
ⓘBrookite4.DD.10TiO2
ⓘEuxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘNahcolite5.AA.15NaHCO3
ⓘMagnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘAnkerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘAragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
ⓘStrontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
ⓘNyerereite5.AC.10Na2Ca(CO3)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘThermonatrite5.CB.05Na2CO3 · H2O
ⓘNatron5.CB.10Na2CO3 · 10H2O
ⓘTrona5.CB.15Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
ⓘGaylussite5.CB.35Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
ⓘNitromagnesite5.NC.05Mg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAphthitalite7.AC.35(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
ⓘThénardite7.AD.25Na2SO4
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘKogarkoite7.BD.15Na3(SO4)F
ⓘBurkeite7.BD.25Na6(CO3)(SO4)2
ⓘHexahydrite7.CB.25MgSO4 · 6H2O
ⓘEpsomite7.CB.40MgSO4 · 7H2O
ⓘHalotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
ⓘTschermigite7.CC.20(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘLonecreekite7.CC.20(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ⓘBlödite7.CC.50Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
ⓘMohrite7.CC.60(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
ⓘPolyhalite7.CC.65K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
ⓘMirabilite7.CD.10Na2SO4 · 10H2O
ⓘEugsterite (TL)7.CD.25Na4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
ⓘSyngenite7.CD.35K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘWhitlockite8.AC.45Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
ⓘGoyazite8.BL.10SrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘGorceixite8.BL.10BaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
ⓘFlorencite-(Ce)8.BL.13CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
ⓘFluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘvar. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
ⓘChlorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘHydroxylapatite
var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite		8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
ⓘ8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
ⓘKolbeckite8.CD.05ScPO4 · 2H2O
ⓘNewberyite8.CE.10Mg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
ⓘBobierrite8.CE.35Mg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
ⓘTaranakite8.CH.25(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
ⓘHannayite8.CH.35(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
ⓘStercorite8.CJ.05(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
ⓘBrushite8.CJ.50Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
ⓘTurquoise8.DD.15CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘForsterite9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
ⓘFayalite9.AC.05Fe2+2SiO4
ⓘBrunogeierite ?9.AC.15Ge4+Fe2+2O4
ⓘSchorlomite9.AD.25Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
ⓘGrossular
var. Tsavorite		9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘPyrope9.AD.25Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘGrossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAndradite
var. Melanite		9.AD.25Ca3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
ⓘGrossular
var. Hessonite		9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘThorite9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘSillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘMullite9.AF.20Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
ⓘTopaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘNacareniobsite-(Ce)9.BE.20Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
ⓘGötzenite9.BE.22NaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
ⓘChevkinite-(Ce)9.BE.70Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘZoisite9.BG.10(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘKornerupine9.BJ.50Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘBeryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘvar. Aquamarine9.CJ.05Be3Al2Si6O18
ⓘDravite
var. Chromium-bearing Dravite		9.CK.05Na((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘOxy-dravite (TL)9.CK.05Na(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
ⓘEudialyte9.CO.10Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
ⓘFerrosilite9.DA.05Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘEnstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
ⓘClinoferrosilite9.DA.10Fe2+2Si2O6
ⓘPigeonite9.DA.10(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘvar. Ferrohedenbergite9.DA.15(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘHedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘAugite
var. Titanium-bearing Augite		9.DA.15(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
ⓘvar. Fassaite9.DA.15(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘActinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘKaersutite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
ⓘFerro-richterite9.DE.20{Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘRichterite9.DE.20Na(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘKatophorite9.DE.20{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
ⓘArfvedsonite9.DE.25[Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘRiebeckite9.DE.25◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
ⓘMagnesio-arfvedsonite9.DE.25{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘPectolite9.DG.05NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
ⓘWollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘAenigmatite9.DH.40Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
ⓘSapphirine9.DH.45Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
ⓘPrehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘHydroxyapophyllite-(K)9.EA.15KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
ⓘMagadiite (TL)9.EA.20Na2Si14O29 · 11H2O
ⓘMuscovite
var. Sericite		9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMontdorite9.EC.15(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
ⓘMuscovite
var. Illite		9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘNontronite9.EC.40Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘAllophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘSepiolite9.EE.25Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
ⓘMakatite (TL)9.EE.45Na2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
ⓘKanemite9.EF.25HNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘSanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘMicrocline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAnorthite
var. Bytownite		9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Anorthoclase9.FA.35(Na,K)AlSi3O8
ⓘAnorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
ⓘAlbite
var. Andesine		9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAnorthite
var. Labradorite		9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
ⓘAlbite
var. Oligoclase		9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘCancrinite9.FB.05(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘSodalite9.FB.10Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘNosean9.FB.10Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
ⓘ'Zeolite Group'9.G0.
ⓘScolecite9.GA.05CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
ⓘNatrolite9.GA.05Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
ⓘGonnardite9.GA.05(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
ⓘThomsonite-Ca9.GA.10NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
ⓘAnalcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
ⓘLaumontite9.GB.10CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
ⓘHarmotome9.GC.10Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
ⓘKenyaite (TL)9.HA.10Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Unclassified
ⓘ'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'-
ⓘ'Florencite'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Rhombohedral Carbonate'-(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Scapolite'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Sodic plagioclase'-
ⓘ'Alkali pyroxene'-
ⓘ'Sodic amphibole'-
ⓘ'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'-An(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZ3+m)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Plumbopyrochlore (of Atencio et al.)'-
ⓘ'Chevkinite Group'-
ⓘ'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'-An(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
ⓘ'Glass'-
ⓘ'Nickel-iron'-
ⓘ'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
ⓘ'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Monazite'-REE(PO4)
ⓘ'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Alkali Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ⓘ'Apophyllite Group'-AB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
ⓘ'Asbestos'-
ⓘ'Bastnäsite'-(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Chabazite'-
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Clinoptilolite Subgroup'-M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
ⓘ'Denhardtite'-
ⓘ'Erionite Subgroup'-M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Gmelinite Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Heulandite Subgroup'-(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'K Feldspar
var. Adularia'		-KAlSi3O8
ⓘ'Synchysite'-Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ⓘ'Phillipsite Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Psilomelane'-
ⓘ'Stilbite Subgroup'-M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series'-
ⓘ'Tourmaline
var. Verdelite'		-A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Barkevikite'-
ⓘ'Soda'-
ⓘ'Leucoxene'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group
var. Perthite'		-
ⓘ'Almandine-Pyrope Series
var. Rhodolite'		-Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Mica Group'-
ⓘ'Iddingsite'-MgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
ⓘ'Parisite'-Ca(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
ⓘ'Garnet Group
var. Titanium-bearing Garnet'		-X3Z2(SiO4)3

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Hⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Hⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Hⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Hⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Hⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Hⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Hⓘ Clinoptilolite SubgroupM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Hⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Hⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Hⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Hⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Florencite-(Ce)CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Hⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Hⓘ GorceixiteBaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Hⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Hⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Hⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Hⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Hⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Hⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Hⓘ KolbeckiteScPO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Hⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Hⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Hⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Hⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Hⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Hⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Hⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Hⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
Hⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Hⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hⓘ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Hⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Hⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Hⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Hⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Hⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Hⓘ Taranakite(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
Hⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Hⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Hⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Hⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Hⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Hⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Hⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hⓘ IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Hⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Hⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Hⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Hⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupAn(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
BeBeryllium
Beⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Beⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Beⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
BBoron
Bⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ Tourmaline var. VerdeliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
CCarbon
Cⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Cⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Cⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Cⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Cⓘ DiamondC
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Cⓘ GraphiteC
Cⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ MoissaniteSiC
Cⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Cⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Cⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Cⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Cⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Cⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Cⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Cⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
NNitrogen
Nⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Nⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Nⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Nⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Nⓘ OsborniteTiN
Nⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Nⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Nⓘ Taranakite(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
Nⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
OOxygen
Oⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Oⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Oⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Oⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Oⓘ AnataseTiO2
Oⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Oⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Oⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Oⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Oⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Oⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Oⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Oⓘ BerdesinskiiteV23+TiO5
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace AgateSiO2
Oⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Oⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Oⓘ BrunogeieriteGe4+Fe22+O4
Oⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Oⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Oⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Oⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Oⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Oⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Oⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Oⓘ Clinoptilolite SubgroupM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Oⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Oⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Oⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Oⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Oⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Oⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Oⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Oⓘ Florencite-(Ce)CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Oⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Oⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Oⓘ GorceixiteBaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Oⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Oⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Oⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Oⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Oⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Oⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Oⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Oⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Oⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Oⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Oⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Oⓘ KolbeckiteScPO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Oⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Oⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Oⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Oⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Oⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Oⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ MonaziteREE(PO4)
Oⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Oⓘ MulliteAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Oⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Oⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Oⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Oⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Oⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Oⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Oⓘ Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Oⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Oⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Oⓘ SchreyeriteV23+Ti3O9
Oⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Oⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Oⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Oⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Oⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Oⓘ Taranakite(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
Oⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Oⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Oⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Oⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Oⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Oⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Oⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Oⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Oⓘ Tourmaline var. VerdeliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Oⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Oⓘ IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Oⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Oⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Oⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Oⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Oⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Oⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Oⓘ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Oⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupAn(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Oⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
FFluorine
Fⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Fⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Fⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Fⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Fⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Fⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Fⓘ SellaiteMgF2
Fⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Fⓘ VilliaumiteNaF
Fⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Fⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Fⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Fⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupAn(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Naⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Naⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Naⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Naⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Naⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Naⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Naⓘ HaliteNaCl
Naⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Naⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Naⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Naⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Naⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Naⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Naⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Naⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Naⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Naⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Naⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Naⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Naⓘ NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Naⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Naⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Naⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Naⓘ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Naⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Naⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Naⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Naⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Naⓘ ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Naⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Naⓘ TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ VilliaumiteNaF
Naⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Naⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Naⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Naⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Naⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupAn(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Naⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mgⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Mgⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Mgⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Mgⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Mgⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Mgⓘ MagnesiteMgCO3
Mgⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Mgⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Mgⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Mgⓘ NitromagnesiteMg(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Mgⓘ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Mgⓘ SellaiteMgF2
Mgⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Mgⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Mgⓘ IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Mgⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Mgⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Mgⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Mgⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Mgⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
AlAluminium
Alⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Alⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Alⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Alⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Alⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Alⓘ ChrysoberylBeAl2O4
Alⓘ Clinoptilolite SubgroupM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Alⓘ Florencite-(Ce)CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Alⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Alⓘ GorceixiteBaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Alⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Alⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Alⓘ Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Alⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Alⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Alⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Alⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ MulliteAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Alⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Alⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
Alⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Alⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Alⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Alⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Alⓘ Taranakite(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
Alⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Alⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Alⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Alⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Alⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Alⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Alⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Alⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Alⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Alⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupAn(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Siⓘ Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Siⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Siⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Siⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Siⓘ Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Siⓘ Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Siⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Quartz var. Blue Lace AgateSiO2
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Siⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Siⓘ Clinoptilolite SubgroupM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Siⓘ CristobaliteSiO2
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Siⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Erionite SubgroupM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Siⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Siⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Siⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Siⓘ ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Siⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Siⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Siⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Siⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Siⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Siⓘ KanemiteHNaSi2O5 · 3H2O
Siⓘ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Siⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Siⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Siⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Siⓘ MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Siⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ MakatiteNa2Si4O8(OH)2 · 4H2O
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ MoissaniteSiC
Siⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Siⓘ MulliteAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-x
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Siⓘ NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Siⓘ Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Siⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Siⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Siⓘ SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Siⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Siⓘ Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Siⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Siⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siⓘ TridymiteSiO2
Siⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Almandine-Pyrope Series var. RhodoliteMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Siⓘ IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Siⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Siⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Oxy-draviteNa(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
Siⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Siⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Siⓘ Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Siⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupAn(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Allanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ BobierriteMg3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Pⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Pⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Pⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Pⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Pⓘ Florencite-(Ce)CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ GorceixiteBaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Pⓘ Hannayite(NH4)2Mg3H4(PO4)4 · 8H2O
Pⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Pⓘ KolbeckiteScPO4 · 2H2O
Pⓘ MonaziteREE(PO4)
Pⓘ NewberyiteMg(PO3OH) · 3H2O
Pⓘ Stercorite(NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O
Pⓘ Taranakite(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
Pⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Pⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Sⓘ BurkeiteNa6(CO3)(SO4)2
Sⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Sⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Sⓘ HawleyiteCdS
Sⓘ HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Sⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Sⓘ KogarkoiteNa3(SO4)F
Sⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Sⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Sⓘ NoseanNa8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4) · H2O
Sⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Sⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Sⓘ ThénarditeNa2SO4
Sⓘ Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
ClChlorine
Clⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Clⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Clⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Clⓘ HaliteNaCl
Clⓘ SalammoniacNH4Cl
Clⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Clⓘ SylviteKCl
Clⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Clⓘ Sodium Amphibole SubgroupAn(Na2)(Z5)(Si8-mAlmO22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
KPotassium
Kⓘ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Kⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Kⓘ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Kⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Kⓘ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Kⓘ SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ SylviteKCl
Kⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Kⓘ Taranakite(K,NH4)Al3(PO4)3(OH) · 9H2O
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caⓘ AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Caⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Caⓘ Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Caⓘ ChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Caⓘ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Caⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Caⓘ Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Caⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Heulandite Subgroup(Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O
Caⓘ HiboniteCaAl12O19
Caⓘ Hydroxyapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(OH,F) · 8H2O
Caⓘ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Caⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Caⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Caⓘ LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Caⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Caⓘ NyerereiteNa2Ca(CO3)2
Caⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Caⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ PolyhaliteK2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Caⓘ RichteriteNa(NaCa)Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Caⓘ ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Caⓘ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Caⓘ Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caⓘ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Caⓘ WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Caⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caⓘ Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caⓘ Katophorite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2
Caⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Caⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Caⓘ Grossular var. TsavoriteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Caⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Caⓘ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Caⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole SubgroupAn(NaCa)(Z2+5-mZm3+)(Si8-(n+m+1)Al(n+m-1)O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Caⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
ScScandium
Scⓘ KolbeckiteScPO4 · 2H2O
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Tiⓘ Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Tiⓘ AnataseTiO2
Tiⓘ BerdesinskiiteV23+TiO5
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ BrookiteTiO2
Tiⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Tiⓘ GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Tiⓘ OsborniteTiN
Tiⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
Tiⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Tiⓘ SchreyeriteV23+Ti3O9
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Tiⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Tiⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Tiⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Tiⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Tiⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Tiⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
VVanadium
Vⓘ BerdesinskiiteV23+TiO5
Vⓘ SchreyeriteV23+Ti3O9
CrChromium
Crⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Crⓘ Dravite var. Chromium-bearing DraviteNa((Mg,Cr)3)(Al,Cr)6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
MnManganese
Mnⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Mnⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mnⓘ PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
Mnⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
FeIron
Feⓘ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feⓘ Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ BrunogeieriteGe4+Fe22+O4
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Feⓘ ClinoferrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Feⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Feⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Feⓘ Ferro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ FerrosiliteFe22+Si2O6
Feⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Feⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ IronFe
Feⓘ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Feⓘ Lonecreekite(NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Feⓘ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Feⓘ Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ Mohrite(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Feⓘ Montdorite(K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4
Feⓘ NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Feⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Feⓘ Pigeonite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Feⓘ SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Feⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Feⓘ IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Feⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Augite var. Fassaite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]
Feⓘ Augite var. Titanium-bearing Augite(Ca,Na)(Mg,Ti, Fe,Al,)(Si,Al)2O6
Feⓘ Augite var. Ferrohedenbergite(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Si2O6
Feⓘ Rhombohedral Carbonate(Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3
NiNickel
Niⓘ Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Niⓘ Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ CuprospinelCu2+Fe23+O4
Cuⓘ KlockmanniteCuSe
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ PermingeatiteCu3SbSe4
Cuⓘ TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ZnZinc
Znⓘ FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
GeGermanium
Geⓘ BrunogeieriteGe4+Fe22+O4
AsArsenic
Asⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Asⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
SeSelenium
Seⓘ KlockmanniteCuSe
Seⓘ PermingeatiteCu3SbSe4
SrStrontium
Srⓘ GoyaziteSrAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Srⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
YYttrium
Yⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Yⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Yⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ EudialyteNa15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2
Zrⓘ UhligiteCa3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ?
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nbⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore Group var. Zero valent dominant member of Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
RuRuthenium
Ruⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
RhRhodium
Rhⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
PdPalladium
Pdⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
CdCadmium
Cdⓘ HawleyiteCdS
SnTin
Snⓘ NiggliitePtSn
Snⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ PermingeatiteCu3SbSe4
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Baⓘ GorceixiteBaAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6
Baⓘ HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
LaLanthanum
Laⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ceⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ceⓘ Florencite-(Ce)CeAl3(PO4)2(OH)6
Ceⓘ Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3
Ceⓘ Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2
Ceⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Ceⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
NdNeodymium
Ndⓘ Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ndⓘ ParisiteCa(Ce/La/Nd/REE)2(CO3)3F2
Ndⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
TaTantalum
Taⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
IrIridium
Irⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
PtPlatinum
Ptⓘ Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ptⓘ NiggliitePtSn
Ptⓘ Rustenburgite(Pt,Pd)3Sn
Ptⓘ SperrylitePtAs2
AuGold
Auⓘ GoldAu
PbLead
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
BiBismuth
Biⓘ BismuthBi
ThThorium
Thⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Thⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
UUranium
Uⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Cenozoic : 33 Ma to 0.01143 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Cenozoic
  Quaternary
   Pleistocene
ⓘ Trachyte (youngest age)0.014 MaEmuruangogolak Volcano, Samburu County, Kenya
ⓘ Alkali Feldspar0.380 ± 0.007 MaKorosi Volcano, Baringo County, Kenya
ⓘ Basalt (youngest age)0.5 MaNamarunu Volcano, Turkana County, Kenya
ⓘ Biotite (youngest age)1.3 MaHoma Mountain complex, Homa Bay County, Kenya
ⓘ Nephelinite (youngest age)1.96 ± 0.07 MaShompole Volcano, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Nephelinite (oldest age)2.21 MaOlorgesailie Mountain, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Olivine basalt (youngest age)2.4 MaShanamu Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Basanite2.58 ± 0.17 MaNgong Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ AshPleistocene
(0.01143 - 2.588 Ma)		Mau Volcanic Area, Narok County, Kenya
ⓘ Peralkaline trachytePleistocene
(0.01143 - 2.588 Ma)		Kajiado Volcanic Area, Kajiado County, Kenya
  Neogene
   Pliocene
ⓘ Trachybasalt (youngest age)2.6 MaShanamu Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Trachybasalt (oldest age)2.62 MaOlorgesailie Mountain, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Olivine basalt (oldest age)2.62 MaLenderut Hills, Kajiado County, Kenya
ⓘ Nepheline-syenite2.64 MaMount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya
ⓘ Phonolite (youngest age)3.1 MaMount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya
ⓘ Tuff4.8 ± 0.2 MaKanatim Volcano, Turkana County, Kenya
ⓘ TuffPliocene
(2.588 - 5.332 Ma)		Mau Volcanic Area, Narok County, Kenya
   Miocene
ⓘ Søvite12.7 ± 0.6 MaSokolo Point Carbonatite, Wasaki Peninsula Carbonatites, Homa Bay County, Kenya
ⓘ Feldspar Group13.2 MaYatta Plateau, Kitui County, Kenya
ⓘ Microsyenite14.4 ± 0.7 MaJibisa Ring Complex, Marsabit County, Kenya
ⓘ Trachyte (oldest age)15.4 MaKailimerlim Volcano, Turkana County, Kenya
ⓘ Phonolite (oldest age)18.3 ± 0.5 MaNyamaji Volcanic Complex, Homa Bay County, Kenya
ⓘ Biotite (oldest age)19.9 MaTinderet volcano, Nandi County, Kenya
ⓘ Peralkaline alkali-feldspar-granite20.7 ± 1.4 MaJibisa Ring Complex, Marsabit County, Kenya
ⓘ PhonoliteMiocene
(5.332 - 23.03 Ma)		Mau Volcanic Area, Narok County, Kenya
  Paleogene
   Oligocene
ⓘ Basalt (oldest age)33 MaNorth Turkana Volcanic Province, Turkana County, Kenya

Fossils

There are 346 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

BETA TEST - These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences6739
Youngest Fossil Listed0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed272 Ma (Permian)
Stratigraphic UnitsClick here to view 121 stratigraphic units.
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Austrotrillina
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Austrotrillinidae : Austrotrillina15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Elphidium
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Elphidiidae : Elphidium15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Nonion
genus		Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Nonionidae : Nonion15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Coscinodiscus
genus		Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Tetralithistida : Cylindrophymatidae : Coscinodiscus2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Scleractinia
order		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acanthastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Lobophylliidae : Acanthastrea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acropora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Acropora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Alveopora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Alveopora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Astreopora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Astreopora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Coscinaraea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Coscinaraeidae : Coscinaraea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Echinophyllia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Lobophylliidae : Echinophyllia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Echinopora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Echinopora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Favia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Favia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Favites
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Favites0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Goniastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Goniastrea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Goniopora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Poritidae : Goniopora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Heterocyathus
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Heterocyathus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Heteropsammia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Heteropsammia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hydnophora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Hydnophora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Leptastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Leptastrea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Leptoria
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Leptoria0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lobophyllia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Lobophylliidae : Lobophyllia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Merulina
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Merulina0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Montipora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Montipora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pachyseris
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Agariciidae : Pachyseris0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pavona
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Agariciidae : Pavona0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Physogyra
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Physogyra0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Platygyra
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Platygyra0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Plesiastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Plesiastreidae : Plesiastrea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pocillopora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Pocillopora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Porites
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Poritidae : Porites0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Stylophora
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Stylophora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Symphyllia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Mussidae : Symphyllia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Annelida
phylum		Animalia : Annelida13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mollusca
phylum		Animalia : Mollusca5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gastropoda
class		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda28.1 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Scutellastra
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellidae : Scutellastra0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Discohelix
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Discohelicidae : Discohelix182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Calliostoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Calliostomatidae : Calliostoma0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Clanculus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : Clanculus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Collonista
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Colloniidae : Collonista0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Diodora
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : Diodora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hamusina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Cirridae : Hamusina182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pleurotomaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Microdomatidae : Pleurotomaria166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Trochopsidea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Ataphridae : Trochopsidea182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Trochus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pseudophoridae : Trochus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Turbo
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae : Turbo0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ampullina (Ampullospira)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Ampullina : Ampullina (Ampullospira)161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Bourguetia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Bourguetia161.2 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Casmaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Casmaria0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cerithium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Globularia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Globularia166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Harpagodes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Harpagodes157.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Tropidophora (Ligatella)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pomatiidae : Tropidophora : Tropidophora (Ligatella)13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Natica
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Phalium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Phalium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pietteia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Pietteia161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Polinices
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Polinices0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pseudomelania
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Pseudomelania161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Purpuroidea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Purpuroideidae : Purpuroidea182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Strombus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Strombidae : Strombus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tonna
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Tonnidae : Tonna0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Trivia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Triviidae : Trivia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Columbella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : Columbella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Drupa
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Drupa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Harpa
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Harpidae : Harpa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Olivella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Peristernia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Peristernia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pyrene
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : Pyrene0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Terebra
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Terebra0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acteonina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Acteonidae : Acteonina182.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Nerinella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerinellidae : Nerinella161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Promathildia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Allogastropoda : Gordenellidae : Promathildia182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Trochalia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochalia155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ptychophylloceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Ptychophylloceras171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Cadomites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Stephanoceratidae : Cadomites171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Diplesioceras
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Diplesioceras171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Oecotraustes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Oppeliidae : Oecotraustes171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Trimarginia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Oppeliidae : Trimarginia171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hibolites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnopseidae : Hibolites163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bivalvia
class		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia20.44 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nucula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nucula168.3 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Nuculana
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana182.7 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Palaeonucula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Palaeonucula155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Rollieria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Rollieria182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Anadara
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Barbatia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia168.3 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cucullaea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Cucullaeidae : Cucullaea163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Eonavicula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Eonavicula166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Glycymeris
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Grammatodon
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon182.7 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Limopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Limopsidae : Limopsis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Striarca
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Noetiidae : Striarca0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Botula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Botula0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Brachidontes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Brachidontes168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Falcimytilus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Falcimytilus163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lithophaga
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Lithophaga0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pinna
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Stegoconcha
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Stegoconcha163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Alectryonella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Alectryonella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Arctostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Arctostrea166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Camptonectes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Chlamys
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys168.3 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Decatopecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Decatopecten0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Entolium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entoliidae : Entolium163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Eopecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten170.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Exogyra
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Gervillella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Gervillella182.7 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Gervillia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Gervillia163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Gloripallium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Gloripallium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hyotissa
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Hyotissa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Inoceramus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Lima
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Liostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Liostrea168.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Lopha
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Lopha182.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Meleagrinella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Oxytomidae : Meleagrinella163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Nodipecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Nodipecten0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ostrea
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostraea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pinctada
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Pinctada0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Placunopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Placunopsis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Plagiostoma170.3 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Plicatula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Plicatulidae : Plicatula163.5 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pseudomonotis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pseudomonotidae : Pseudomonotis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pteria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Pteria155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Semipallium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Semipallium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Spondylopecten
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Spondylopecten168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Spondylus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Spondylidae : Spondylus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Weyla
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Neitheidae : Weyla182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Rutitrigonia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Rutitrigoniidae : Rutitrigonia155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Trigonia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia168.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Amiantis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Amiantis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Anisocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Anisocardia182.7 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte182.7 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Chama
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Chamidae : Chama0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Codakia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Codakia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Comus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Comus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Corbicula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dosinia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosinia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eocallista
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Eocallista155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Isocyprina (Eotrapezium)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Arcticidae : Isocyprina : Isocyprina (Eotrapezium)182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Fimbria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Fimbria166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Fragum
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Fragum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Irus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Irus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Isocyprina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Isocyprina168.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Laevicardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Lahilliidae : Laevicardium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lucina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina182.7 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pitar
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Pitar0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Quenstedtia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Quenstedtiidae : Quenstedtia166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Tancredia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Tancredia163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Tellina (Tellinella)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Tellinella)0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Trachycardium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Trachycardium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Trapezium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Trapezidae : Trapezium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tridacna
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Tridacna0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Corbula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae : Corbula182.7 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Gastrochaena
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Gastrochaenida : Gastrochaenidae : Gastrochaena0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Arcomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Arcomya168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ceratomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya168.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cercomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Laternulidae : Cercomya166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Cuspidaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cuspidariidae : Cuspidaria168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Homomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Homomya166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Myopholas
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myopholadidae : Myopholas163.5 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya182.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Pleuromya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pleuromyidae : Pleuromya182.7 - 166.1 Ma
Jurassic
Thracia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciidae : Thracia168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Myriapoda
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Myriapoda13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Ostracoda
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Cyprideis
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprideis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Acanthorhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Acanthothirididae : Acanthorhynchia168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Kallirhynchia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Kallirhynchia170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Rhynchonella
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Cererithyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Cererithyris170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Heimia
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Heimia168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Stiphrothyris
genus		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Stiphrothyris170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Acrosalenia
genus		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Salenioida : Acrosaleniidae : Acrosalenia157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Myliobatiformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Osteichthyes
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Siluriformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Siluriformes20.44 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Perciformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Perciformes11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Tetraodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Tetraodontiformes : Tetraodontidae : Tetraodon5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphibia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia15.97 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Reptilia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia15.97 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Squamata
order		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia28.4 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Aves
class		Animalia : Chordata : Aves28.1 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Mammalia
class		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia28.4 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Carnivora
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora28.1 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Enhydriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydriodon7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelomedusidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Podocnemis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Podocnemis11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Trionychidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cycloderma
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cycloderma11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Trionyx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Trionyx13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Testudinidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae23.03 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Geochelone
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Testudo
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Testudo15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Agamidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Agamidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chamaeleonidae
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Chameleon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gekkonidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Gekkonidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lacertidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Lacertidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphisbaenidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Amphisbaenidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Varanidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Varanus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : Varanus20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Serpentes
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Serpentes28.4 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Euthecodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Euthecodon23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Tomistoma
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Tomistoma23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Theropoda
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Theropoda145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Spinosaurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Spinosauridae : Spinosaurus145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sauropoda
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Sauropoda145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Titanosauridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Titanosauridae145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Titanosaurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Titanosauridae : Titanosaurus145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ornithischia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ornithopoda
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Ornithopoda145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Struthio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae : Struthio13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyornithidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Aepyornithidae11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Accipitridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Phasianidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Strigidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Otus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Otus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Bucerotidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Bucerotiformes : Bucerotidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gruidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Gruidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rallidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ardeidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae13.82 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Burhinidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Burhinidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Otididae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Otidiformes : Otididae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Anseriformes
order		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Anatidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ciconiidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes : Ciconiidae11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Pelecanus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Pelecanidae : Pelecanus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Anhinga
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Anhingidae : Anhinga11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Macroscelididae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Elephantulus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Elephantulus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Myohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Myohyrax13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rhynchocyon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Rhynchocyon28.1 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Galeopithecidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galeopithecidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Insectivora
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Insectivora28.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Erinaceidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Amphechinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae : Amphechinus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Erinaceus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae : Erinaceus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Gymnurechinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae : Gymnurechinus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Soricidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocidura
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Crocidura5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Prochrysochloris
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Afrosoricida : Chrysochloridae : Prochrysochloris20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chiroptera
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera20.44 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Scotophilus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Vespertilionidae : Scotophilus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Primates
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates15.97 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Lorisidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Komba
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : Komba15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Progalago
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : Progalago20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anthropoidea
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Anthropoidea15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Cercopithecoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecoidea7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercopithecidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercocebus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercocebus11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cercopithecoides
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecoides11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Colobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Colobus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Papio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Paracolobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Paracolobus7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapapio
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Theropithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Victoriapithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Victoriapithecus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hominoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominoidea23.03 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Dendropithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Pliopithecidae : Dendropithecus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dryopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Dryopithecus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sivapithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Pongidae : Sivapithecus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hominidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae15.97 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Australopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Creodonta
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Creodonta28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaenodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dissopsalis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Dissopsalis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Masrasector
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Masrasector28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Teratodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Viverridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Atilax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Atilax7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Civettictis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Civettictis11.62 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Genetta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Genetta13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Herpestes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mungos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Mungos2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pseudocivetta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Pseudocivetta5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaenidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaena
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaena5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Hyaenictis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaenictis11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ictitherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Ictitherium11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachycrocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Pachycrocuta7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Percrocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Percrocuta13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Felidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Dinofelis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Dinofelis11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Homotherium7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Megantereon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Megantereon5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metailurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Metailurus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Panthera
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Arctoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Arctoidea7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Mustelidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Aonyx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Aonyx5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Lutra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Lutra5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Vishnuonyx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Vishnuonyx11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Canidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Canis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Otocyon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Otocyon2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Amphicyonidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Rodentia
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia28.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Sciuridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae15.97 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Vulcanisciurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Vulcanisciurus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cricetidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Afrocricetodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Afrocricetodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Leakeymys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Leakeymys13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Notocricetodon
genus		Cricetodontidae : Notocricetodon20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Paratarsomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Paratarsomys20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Tatera
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Tatera5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Muridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Acomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Acomys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aethomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Aethomys5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Arvicanthis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Arvicanthis5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Dasymys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Dasymys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dendromus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Dendromus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Karnimata
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Karnimata11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Lemniscomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Lemniscomys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mastomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Mastomys5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Mus5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Otomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Murina : Otomys2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Rattus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Rattus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Saidomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Saidomys11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Steatomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Steatomys2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Thallomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Thallomys5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pedetidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Pedetidae28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Megapedetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Pedetidae : Megapedetes28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Pedetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Glires : Ierboidae : Pedetes2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anomaluridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Paranomalurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : Paranomalurus28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Zenkerella
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : Zenkerella13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Bathyergidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergidae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Bathyergoides
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Bathyergoididae : Bathyergoides28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Hystricidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hystrix
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Hystrix11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Xenohystrix
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Xenohystrix7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Phiomyidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae28.4 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Paraphiomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraphiomys28.1 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Phiomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Phiomys28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Thryonomyidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Epiphiomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Epiphiomys20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Paraulacodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraulacodus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Thryonomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Thryonomys11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Diamantomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : Diamantomys20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Simonimys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Kenyamyidae : Simonimys20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Elmerimys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Myophiomyidae : Elmerimys20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Lagomorpha
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha7.246 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Leporidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Alilepus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Alilepus11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lepus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Lepus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Suidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Bunolistriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Bunolistriodon20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kolpochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kubanochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kubanochoerus20.44 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Listriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Listriodon20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lopholistriodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mesochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Mesochoerus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Notochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Notochoerus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nyanzachoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Phacochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Phacochoerus3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Potamochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Potamochoerus11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Sanitherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeochoeridae : Sanitherium13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sivachoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sivachoerus11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Tayassuidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Palaeochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Palaeochoerus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anthracotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Brachyodus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Brachyodus28.4 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Masritherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Masritherium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hippopotamidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae15.97 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hexaprotodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hexaprotodon11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Camelus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Camelus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Ruminantia
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Ruminantia20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Tragulidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dorcatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pecora
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Pecora20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Palaeomerycidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Palaeomeryx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Palaeomeryx20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Giraffidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Palaeotragus15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Samotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Samotherium13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sivatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Sivatherium11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Bovidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae20.44 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Antidorcas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antidorcas5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Antilope
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antilope11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Bos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bos0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cephalophus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Damaliscus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Eotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Eotragus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gazella
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Gazella13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Madoqua
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Madoqua11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Megalotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Megalotragus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Menelikia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Menelikia2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Miotragocerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Miotragocerus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Oioceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oioceros13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Oryx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oryx5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachytragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pachytragus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Parmularius
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelorovis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Protragocerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Protragocerus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pseudotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pseudotragus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Raphicerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Raphicerus11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Redunca
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Rhynchotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Rhynchotragus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Simatherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Simatherium11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Syncerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Syncerus3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragoportax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragoportax11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ugandax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ugandax7.246 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Ziphiidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Ziphiidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Equidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Equus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hipparion
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparion11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Chalicotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ancylotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae : Ancylotherium11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Chalicotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae : Chalicotherium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Rhinocerotidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Aceratherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Aceratherium23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Brachypotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Brachypotherium13.82 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ceratotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ceratotherium11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Dicerorhinus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Dicerorhinus23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Paradiceros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Paradiceros15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Proboscidea
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea28.1 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Anancus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Anancus7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Choerolophodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Choerolophodon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Phiomia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Phiomia28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Platybelodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Platybelodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Protanancus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Protanancus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Stegotetrabelodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Stegotetrabelodon11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Elephantidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Elephas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Elephas11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Loxodonta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Loxodonta11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Primelephas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Primelephas7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Deinotheriidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Deinotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium15.97 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Prodeinotherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Prodeinotherium28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyracoidea
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Procaviidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Procavia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Procavia2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Megalohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Megalohyrax13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pachyhyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Pachyhyrax28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Orycteropodidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Myorycteropus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Myorycteropus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Orycteropus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus28.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocuta
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Crocuta7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Panthera leo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera : Panthera leo5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Taurotragus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Taurotragus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dinosauria
order		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Aporrhaidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Acacia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fabales : Fabaceae : Acacia7.246 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Celtis
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Cannabaceae : Celtis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Poaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Poaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Euphorbiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rhamnaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sterculiaceae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Sterculiaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Ficus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Moraceae : Ficus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Sapotaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Sapotaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Praomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Praomys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ophidia
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Ophidia20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Trionyx triunguis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Trionyx : Trionyx triunguis2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Synastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Synastraeidae : Synastrea145 - 130 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Plantae
kingdom		Plantae15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Cyphastrea
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Cyphastrea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Halimeda
genus		Plantae : Chlorophyta : Ulvophyceae : Bryopsidales : Halimedaceae : Halimeda0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Menispermaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Leguminosae
family		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fabales : Leguminosae11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Acalypha
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae : Acalypha13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Celastraceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Celastrales : Celastraceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Icacinaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Icacinales : Icacinaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Sapindaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Sapindaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Myrtaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Myrtaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Terminalia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Combretaceae : Terminalia2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Apocynaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Apocynaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Tabernaemontana
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Apocynaceae : Tabernaemontana2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Pteridophyta
phylum		Plantae : Pteridophyta7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Sivoreas eremita
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Sivoreas : Sivoreas eremita13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Annonaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Magnoliales : Annonaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Violaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Violaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gramineae
family		Plantae : Angiospermae : Cyperales : Gramineae13.82 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Tiliaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Tiliaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Olacaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Santalales : Olacaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rutaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Rutaceae13.82 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Loganiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Loganiaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Acanthaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Acanthaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rubiaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Rubiaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Commelinaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Commelinales : Commelinaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dioscoreaceae
family		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Dioscoreales : Dioscoreaceae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Populus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Salicaceae : Populus2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Ziziphus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : Ziziphus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hippotragini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragini11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Testudines
order		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines28.4 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphicyoninae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Amphicyoninae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Diplopoda
class		Animalia : Arthropoda : Diplopoda20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trionychinae
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Trionychinae11.608 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gyrosmilia
genus		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Euphylliidae : Gyrosmilia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Anadara (Anadara) antiquata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara (Anadara) antiquata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Arca (Arca) navicularis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca (Arca) navicularis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Arca ventricosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca ventricosa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Architectonica perspectiva
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectonicidae : Architectonica : Architectonica perspectiva0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cerithium echinatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium : Cerithium echinatum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Clementia (Clementia) papyracea
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Clementia : Clementia (Clementia) papyracea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus flavidus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus flavidus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus (Lithoconus) litteratus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus (Lithoconus) litteratus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus lividus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus lividus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus musicus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus musicus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cymatiidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cymatiidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mauritia arabica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Mauritia : Mauritia arabica0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Naria erosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Naria : Naria erosa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Erosaria : Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Drupella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Drupella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Fragum fragum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Fragum : Fragum fragum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lithophaga teres
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Lithophaga : Lithophaga teres0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lophiotoma
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Lophiotoma0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mimachlamys senatoria
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Mimachlamys senatoria0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nerineidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Nerita (Theliostyla) albicilla
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neritidae : Nerita : Nerita (Theliostyla) albicilla0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nerita undata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cycloneritida : Neritidae : Nerita : Nerita undata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nuculidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pisidium
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Sphaeriida : Sphaeriidae : Pisidium0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Procerithiidae
family		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Procerithiidae157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Protocardia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia182.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Quoyula
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Coralliophilidae : Quoyula0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Rhinoclavis articulata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Rhinoclavis : Rhinoclavis articulata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Rhinoclavis fasciata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Rhinoclavis : Rhinoclavis fasciata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Rhinoclavis sinensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Rhinoclavis : Rhinoclavis sinensis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Strombus (Gibberulus) gibberulus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Strombus : Strombus (Gibberulus) gibberulus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Terebra maculata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Oxymeris : Oxymeris maculata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Terebralia palustris
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Potamididae : Terebralia : Terebralia palustris0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Trochus maculatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : Trochus : Trochus maculatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Turbo (Marmarostoma) argyrostomus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Turbo : Turbo (Marmarostoma) argyrostomus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Turbo (Turbo) petholatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Turbo : Turbo (Turbo) petholatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Teleostei
unranked clade		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Teleostei28.4 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Bagridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Bagridae20.44 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ariidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Ariidae3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dasyatidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Dasyatidae1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Cyprinidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae13.82 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Barbus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae : Barbus11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Exelissa
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Exelissa168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Machairodontinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Machairodontinae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hipparionini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparionini7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Kenyasus namaquensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus namaquensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Nycteridae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Nycteridae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Vertebrata
subphylum		Animalia : Chordata : Vertebrata3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Actinopterygii
class		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pythonidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Pythonidae23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Afrochoerodon kisumuensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Afrochoerodon : Afrochoerodon kisumuensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Musteloidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Musteloidea20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Melosira
genus		Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Melosirales : Melosiraceae : Melosira2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Lepidoptera
order		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Ichneumia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Ichneumia7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaenictitherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaenictitherium11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mellivorinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Mellivorinae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Viverrinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Viverrinae11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Natica (Ampullaria)
subgenus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Natica : Natica (Ampullaria)11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus182.7 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Archaeopotamus lothagamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Archaeopotamus : Archaeopotamus lothagamensis11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Archaeopotamus harvardi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Archaeopotamus : Archaeopotamus harvardi11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus amphibius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus amphibius5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus gorgops
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus gorgops5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus kaisensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus kaisensis3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus karumensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus karumensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kenyapotamus coryndonae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kenyapotamus : Kenyapotamus coryndonae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kenyapotamus ternani
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kenyapotamus : Kenyapotamus ternani15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Azhdarchidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pterosauria : Azhdarchidae93.9 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Praeanthropus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Praeanthropus : Praeanthropus africanus7.246 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Australopithecus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus : Australopithecus africanus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Paranthropus boisei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Paranthropus : Paranthropus boisei5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo habilis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo habilis5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo erectus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo erectus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homo sapiens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Homo : Homo sapiens0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ardipithecus ramidus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Ardipithecus : Ardipithecus ramidus7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus protamphibius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus protamphibius11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippopotamus aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Hippopotamus : Hippopotamus aethiopicus3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Listromycter leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Amphisbaenidae : Listromycter : Listromycter leakeyi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lophocranion rusingense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Amphisbaenidae : Lophocranion : Lophocranion rusingense23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pseudolimea duplicata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Pseudolimea : Pseudolimea duplicata166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Arsinoitherium
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Embrithopoda : Arsinoitherium28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Saghatheriinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Saghatheriinae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeomastodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Palaeomastodontidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pterodon africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : Pterodon africanus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Gigantochersina ammon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Gigantochersina : Gigantochersina ammon5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Caprinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Caprinae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Artiodactyla
order		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Septifer bilocularis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Septifer bilocularis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Equus (Dolichohippus) grevyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus (Dolichohippus) grevyi5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Protopterus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Ceratodontiformes : Lepidosirenidae : Protopterus28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Neritopsis radula
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neritoina : Neritopsidae : Neritopsis : Neritopsis radula0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Barbatia (Ustularca) fusca
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia : Barbatia (Ustularca) fusca0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Myocricetodontinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Myocricetodontinae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hyotissa hyotis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Hyotissa : Hyotissa hyotis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Gloripallium pallium
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Gloripallium : Gloripallium pallium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Megantereon whitei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Megantereon : Megantereon whitei3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Papionini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papionini5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Chlorocebus aethiops
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Chlorocebus : Chlorocebus aethiops5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Darwinula
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Darwinulidae : Darwinula3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Caprini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Caprini3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Zygolophodon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Zygolophodon28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Equus tabeti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus tabeti5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus gaudryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus gaudryi2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Mastodontidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mastodontidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Prodeinotherium bavaricum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Prodeinotherium : Prodeinotherium bavaricum20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Megistotherium osteothlastes
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Megistotherium : Megistotherium osteothlastes13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hyainailouros
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyainailouros28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyainailouros nyanzae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyainailouros : Hyainailouros nyanzae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Afrocyon macrodon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Afrocyon : Afrocyon macrodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Samburupithecus kiptalami
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Samburupithecus : Samburupithecus kiptalami11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Metapterodon kaiseri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : Metapterodon kaiseri20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Isohyaenodon zadoki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyainailouridae : Isohyaenodon : Isohyaenodon zadoki20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Afropithecus turkanensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Victoriapithecidae : Afropithecus : Afropithecus turkanensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Turkanapithecus kalakolensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Victoriapithecidae : Turkanapithecus : Turkanapithecus kalakolensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Limnocythere
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Limnocytheridae : Limnocythere3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Ilyocypris
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprididae : Ilyocypris2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Cypris
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Cyprididae : Cypris5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Apterodon gaudryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Apterodon : Apterodon gaudryi28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Acar plicata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Acar : Acar plicata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Melanoides
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Thiaridae : Melanoides11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Bovini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bovini11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphini11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Boselaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Boselaphini13.82 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Antilopini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Antilopini11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cephalophini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophini13.82 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Reduncini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Reduncini13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphini11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Okapia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Okapia5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Equatorius africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Equatorius : Equatorius africanus23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kenyapithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Kenyapithecus23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Circe (Circe) scripta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Circe : Circe (Circe) scripta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cardita variegata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cardita : Cardita variegata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nycteris
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Nycteridae : Nycteris5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hyaena hyaena
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Hyaena : Hyaena hyaena3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Panthera pardus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Panthera : Panthera pardus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Herpestes ichneumon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Herpestes : Herpestes ichneumon2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Genetta genetta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Genetta : Genetta genetta5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Potamochoerus porcus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Potamochoerus : Potamochoerus porcus7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Diceros bicornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Diceros : Diceros bicornis11.62 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepus capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Lepus : Lepus capensis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Rattus rattus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Rattus : Rattus rattus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Giraffa camelopardalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa camelopardalis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Capra hircus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Capra : Capra hircus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Oryx gazella
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oryx : Oryx gazella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cephalophus grimmia
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus : Cephalophus grimmia0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ovis aries
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ovis : Ovis aries0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bos taurus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bos : Bos taurus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Equus asinus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus asinus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tetrabelodon angustidens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Gomphotherium : Tetrabelodon angustidens20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Prodeinotherium hobleyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Prodeinotherium : Prodeinotherium hobleyi23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dendromurinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Dendromurinae7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lophuromys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Lophuromys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tachyoryctes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Spalacidae : Tachyoryctes0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cricetomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Nesomyidae : Cricetomys2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kenyasus kirimunensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus kirimunensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Libycochoerus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Libycochoerus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Megalochoerus khinzikebirus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Megalochoerus : Megalochoerus khinzikebirus15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Lopholistriodon moruoroti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : Lopholistriodon moruoroti23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Lopholistriodon pickfordi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : Lopholistriodon pickfordi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Serengetilagus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Serengetilagus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Graphiurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Gliridae : Graphiurus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Leptoptilos
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes : Ciconiidae : Leptoptilos11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Codakia punctata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Codakia : Codakia punctata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Diamantohyus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeochoeridae : Sanitherium : Diamantohyus africanus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chilotheridium pattersoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Chilotheridium : Chilotheridium pattersoni23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Tectus (Tectus) mauritianus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Tectus : Tectus (Tectus) mauritianus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Percoidei
suborder		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Perciformes : Percoidei11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lanistes
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullariidae : Lanistes20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kulutherium kenyensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Kulutherium : Kulutherium kenyensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Kenyalagomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae : Kenyalagomys20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Periglypta puerpera
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Periglypta : Periglypta puerpera0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus catus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus catus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus arenatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus arenatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pyrene turturina
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : Pyrene : Pyrene turturina0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ceratotherium simum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Ceratotherium : Ceratotherium simum7.246 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Anancinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Anancinae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cassis cornuta
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cassidae : Cassis : Cassis cornuta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bellamya
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Viviparidae : Bellamya11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pseudomyriophyllia carpathica
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Pseudomyriophyllia : Pseudomyriophyllia carpathica145 - 130 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Xestosina subsella
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Xestosina : Xestosina subsella155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Orycteropus afer
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus afer2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Maizania
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Maizaniidae : Maizania28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Decatopecten radula
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Decatopecten : Decatopecten radula0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Timoclea marica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Timoclea : Timoclea marica0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hippotherium primigenium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hippotherium : Hippotherium primigenium11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelusios
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae : Pelusios15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Megantereon eurynodon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Megantereon : Megantereon eurynodon5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Clarias
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Clariidae : Clarias15.97 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Clariidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Clariidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lates
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Perciformes : Latidae : Lates23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Polypterus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Polypteriformes : Polypteridae : Polypterus28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Gymnarchus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Osteoglossiformes : Gymnarchidae : Gymnarchus28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Heterotis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Osteoglossiformes : Osteoglossidae : Heterotis28.4 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Synodontis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Mochokidae : Synodontis11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Auchenoglanis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Bagridae : Auchenoglanis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Masritherium aequatorialis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Masritherium : Masritherium aequatorialis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyoboops moneyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Sivameryx : Hyoboops moneyi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Nguruwe kijivium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nguruwe : Nguruwe kijivium20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Entolium demissus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entolium : Entolium demissus168.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Kenyasus rusingensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kenyasus : Kenyasus rusingensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Giraffoidea
superfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffoidea20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Canthumeryx sirtensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Canthumeryx : Canthumeryx sirtensis23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dorcatherium pigotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : Dorcatherium pigotti23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Afrotragulus parvus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Afrotragulus : Afrotragulus parvus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Afrosmilus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Barbourofelidae : Afrosmilus : Afrosmilus africanus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Simiolus enjiessi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Pliopithecidae : Simiolus : Simiolus enjiessi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Eurygnathohippus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Eurygnathohippus turkanense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus turkanense11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Eurygnathohippus hasumense
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Eurygnathohippus : Eurygnathohippus hasumense5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Phacochoerus aethiopicus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Phacochoerus : Phacochoerus aethiopicus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Theropithecus oswaldi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus : Theropithecus oswaldi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeoloxodon recki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Elephas : Palaeoloxodon recki7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolpochoerus majus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus majus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kolpochoerus limnetes
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus limnetes7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus andrewsi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus modestus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus modestus3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa jumae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa jumae5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivatherium maurusium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Sivatherium : Sivatherium maurusium5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kenyapithecus wickeri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Kenyapithecus : Kenyapithecus wickeri13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pelorovis oldowayensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis : Pelorovis oldowayensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pelorovis antiquus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis : Pelorovis antiquus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelorovis turkanensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pelorovis : Pelorovis turkanensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Connochaetes taurina
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes : Connochaetes taurina0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Connochaetes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Connochaetes gentryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Connochaetes : Connochaetes gentryi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Calliphylloceras disputabile
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Calliphylloceras : Calliphylloceras disputabile171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tadarida rusingae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Molossidae : Tadarida : Tadarida rusingae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Varanus rusingensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : Varanus : Varanus rusingensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Varanus niloticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Varanidae : Varanus : Varanus niloticus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Victoriapithecus macinnesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Victoriapithecus : Victoriapithecus macinnesi15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Felixigyra vaughani
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Felixigyra : Felixigyra vaughani129.4 - 122.46 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pectinator
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Ctenodactylidae : Pectinator1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Agromyzidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Agromyzidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Nuculana thompsoni
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana thompsoni182.7 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Micropithecus clarki
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Micropithecus : Micropithecus clarki23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Micropithecus leakeyorum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Micropithecus : Micropithecus leakeyorum13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kalepithecus songhorensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Kalepithecus : Kalepithecus songhorensis20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Kalepithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Kalepithecus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Afrohyrax championi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Titanohyracidae : Afrohyrax : Afrohyrax championi23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Heterohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Heterohyrax2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Heterohyrax brucei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Heterohyrax : Heterohyrax brucei0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Stylophora pistillata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Stylophora : Stylophora pistillata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus generalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus generalis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Brachyhyrax aequatorialis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Brachyhyrax : Brachyhyrax aequatorialis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Afrohyrax
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Afrohyrax28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Tridentarius dentatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Tridentarius : Tridentarius dentatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus rattus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus rattus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus ebraeus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus ebraeus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Conus vexillum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus vexillum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cricetodontidae
family		Cricetodontidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Diploastrea heliopora
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Diploastraeidae : Diploastrea : Diploastrea heliopora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Plesiastrea versipora
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Plesiastrea : Plesiastrea versipora0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cyphastrea microphthalma
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Cyphastrea : Cyphastrea microphthalma0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Galaxea fascicularis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Oculinidae : Galaxea : Galaxea fascicularis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Goniastrea stelligera
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Goniastrea : Goniastrea stelligera0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Goniastrea retiformis
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Goniastrea : Goniastrea retiformis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Goniastrea pectinata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Goniastrea : Goniastrea pectinata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Platygyra lamellina
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Platygyra : Platygyra lamellina0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Leptoria phrygia
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Leptoria : Leptoria phrygia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hydnophora exesa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Hydnophora : Hydnophora exesa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hydnophora microconos
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Hydnophora : Hydnophora microconos0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lobophyllia corymbosa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Mussidae : Lobophyllia : Lobophyllia corymbosa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lobophyllia hemprichii
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Mussidae : Lobophyllia : Lobophyllia hemprichii0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acanthastrea echinata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Mussidae : Acanthastrea : Acanthastrea echinata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nanger granti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Nanger : Nanger granti5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Litocranius walleri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Litocranius : Litocranius walleri2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ourebia
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ourebia2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ourebia ourebi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ourebia : Ourebia ourebi0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Raphicerus campestris
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Raphicerus : Raphicerus campestris0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hippotragus equinus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus equinus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Alcelaphus buselaphus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus : Alcelaphus buselaphus2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Beatragus hunteri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Beatragus : Beatragus hunteri2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kobus ellipsiprymnus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus ellipsiprymnus3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Redunca redunca
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca redunca0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tragelaphus spekii
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus spekii7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Syncerus caffer
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Syncerus : Syncerus caffer2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Isopora palifera
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Isopora : Isopora palifera0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Gastrochaenolites ampullatus
species		Gastrochaenolites : Gastrochaenolites ampullatus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Tridacna (Tridacna) gigas
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Tridacna : Tridacna (Tridacna) gigas0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dasyatis africana
species		Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Dasyatidae : Dasyatis : Dasyatis africana5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivaonyx soriae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Sivaonyx : Sivaonyx soriae7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Sivaonyx senutae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Sivaonyx : Sivaonyx senutae11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Enhydriodon ekecaman
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydriodon : Enhydriodon ekecaman5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Proconsul meswae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul meswae28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Proconsul africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul africanus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul nyanzae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul nyanzae13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul major
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul major20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Proconsul heseloni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Proconsul : Proconsul heseloni20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Gomphotherium angustidens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Gomphotherium : Gomphotherium angustidens23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Loxodonta africana
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Loxodonta : Loxodonta africana0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Elephas nawataensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Elephas : Elephas nawataensis11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Deinotherium bozasi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Deinotheriidae : Deinotherium : Deinotherium bozasi11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Brochuchus pigotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Brochuchus : Brochuchus pigotti23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Crocodylus niloticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus : Crocodylus niloticus23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Eidolon
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Eidolon5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cheilea equestris
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Hipponicidae : Cheilea : Cheilea equestris0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Neotragini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Neotragini7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Anancus kenyensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Anancus : Anancus kenyensis11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Stegotetrabelodon orbus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Stegotetrabelodon : Stegotetrabelodon orbus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphiastrea gibberosa
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Amphiastreidae : Amphiastrea : Amphiastrea gibberosa155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Daghanirhynchia subversabilis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Daghanirhynchia : Daghanirhynchia subversabilis170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Somalirhynchia africana
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia africana163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Septirhynchia azaisi
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Septirhynchiidae : Septirhynchia : Septirhynchia azaisi157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arabatia africana
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Arabatia : Arabatia africana170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Loboidothyris aualites
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Loboidothyris : Loboidothyris aualites170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Globularia hemisphaerica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Globularia : Globularia hemisphaerica155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Modiolus (Modiolus) imbricatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus (Modiolus) imbricatus163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Arcomytilus laitmairensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Arcomytilus : Arcomytilus laitmairensis166.1 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Praeexogyra dubiensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Praeexogyra : Praeexogyra dubiensis168.3 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Actinostreon gregareum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Palaeolophidae : Actinostreon : Actinostreon gregareum166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lopha costata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Lopha : Lopha costata182.7 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Nanogyra (Nanogyra) nana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Nanogyra : Nanogyra (Nanogyra) nana163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Chlamys curvivarians
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys curvivarians168.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma harronis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma harronis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lucina lirata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina lirata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Mactromya aequalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya aequalis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ceratomya wimmisensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya wimmisensis170.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ceratomya excentrica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya excentrica157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Ceratomyopsis striata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis : Ceratomyopsis striata163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya lirata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya lirata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Homomya inornata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Homomya : Homomya inornata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Eligmus rollandi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Eligmus : Eligmus rollandi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Integricardium bannesianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Integricardium : Integricardium bannesianum157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya quadrata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya quadrata163.5 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) protei
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya (Bucardiomya) protei163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Stegodon kaisensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae : Stegodon : Stegodon kaisensis11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Eudorcas thomsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Eudorcas : Eudorcas thomsoni2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Astarte huralensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte huralensis161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Eopecten velatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten : Eopecten velatus166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Plagiostoma sublaeviusculum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma sublaeviusculum155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Stegoconcha gmuelleri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Stegoconcha : Stegoconcha gmuelleri161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Exogyra solea
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra : Exogyra solea163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Mactromya rugosa
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Mactromyidae : Mactromya : Mactromya rugosa170.3 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Voltzia
genus		Plantae : Pinophyta : Voltziopsida : Voltziales : Voltziaceae : Voltzia272.3 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Leptorycteropus guilielmi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Leptorycteropus : Leptorycteropus guilielmi11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Falcimytilus dietrichi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Falcimytilus : Falcimytilus dietrichi163.5 - 157.3 Ma
Jurassic
Orycteropus crassidens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus crassidens2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Myorycteropus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Myorycteropus africanus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Camptonectes (Camptonectes) auritus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes (Camptonectes) auritus166.1 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Orycteropus djourabensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus djourabensis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Orycteropus minutus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus minutus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Orycteropus chemeldoi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Tubulidentata : Orycteropodidae : Orycteropus : Orycteropus chemeldoi15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mytilus (Pharomytilus) plicatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Pharomytilus) plicatus170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Brachidontes (Arcomytilus) asper
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Brachidontes : Brachidontes (Arcomytilus) asper168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Sphaeriola madridi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Sphaeriola : Sphaeriola madridi168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ceratomya concentrica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya : Ceratomya concentrica166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pholadomya ovalis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya ovalis168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Morotochoerus ugandensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hippopotamidae : Morotochoerus : Morotochoerus ugandensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cymatorhynchia quadriplicata
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Cymatorhynchia : Cymatorhynchia quadriplicata170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Conomurex decorus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Strombus : Conomurex decorus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Anomalurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Anomaluridae : Anomalurus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Astreopora listeri
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Astreopora : Astreopora listeri0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Echinopora gemmacea
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Echinopora : Echinopora gemmacea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acropora muricata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Acropora : Acropora muricata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Galaxea astreata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Oculinidae : Galaxea : Galaxea astreata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Coelastrea aspera
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Merulinidae : Coelastrea : Coelastrea aspera0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Gardineroseris planulata
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Agariciidae : Gardineroseris : Gardineroseris planulata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acropora hyacinthus
species		Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Acropora : Acropora hyacinthus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cichlidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Climacoceras africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Climacoceras : Climacoceras africanus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Giraffokeryx primaevus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffokeryx : Giraffokeryx primaevus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Giraffa stillei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa stillei11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Giraffa pygmaea
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Giraffa : Giraffa pygmaea5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Dendrohyrax samueli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Procaviidae : Dendrohyrax : Dendrohyrax samueli11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Pleuroploca trapezium
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Pleuroploca : Pleuroploca trapezium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Schizochoerini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Schizochoerini13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mecistops cataphractus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Mecistops : Mecistops cataphractus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Caelatura
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Barleeiidae : Caelatura11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphocythere
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Limnocytheridae : Gomphocythere3.6 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivameryx
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Anthracotheriidae : Sivameryx23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anachalcos mfwangani
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Anachalcos : Anachalcos mfwangani20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Copris leakeyorum
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Copris : Copris leakeyorum20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Metacatharsius rusingae
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Metacatharsius : Metacatharsius rusingae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mecistops
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Mecistops5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Viverra leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Viverra : Viverra leakeyi11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Geochelone crassa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone : Geochelone crassa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Kinixys erosa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Kinixys : Kinixys erosa20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Impregnochelys pachytectis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Impregnochelys : Impregnochelys pachytectis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Noropithecus bulukensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Victoriapithecidae : Noropithecus : Noropithecus bulukensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Bositra buchi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Posidoniidae : Bositra : Bositra buchi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ctenostreon proboscideum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Ctenostreon : Ctenostreon proboscideum155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Entolium (Entolium) corneolum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entolium : Entolium (Entolium) corneolum166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Felis lybica
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Felis : Felis lybica2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acinonyx jubatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Acinonyx : Acinonyx jubatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Caracal caracal
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Caracal : Caracal caracal2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Caracal serval
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Caracal : Caracal serval0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Potamonautidae
family		Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Potamonautidae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Primelephas korotorensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Primelephas : Primelephas korotorensis11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Taurotragus oryx
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Taurotragus : Taurotragus oryx2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sylvicapra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Sylvicapra2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lycaon pictus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Lycaon : Lycaon pictus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Papio cynocephalus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio : Papio cynocephalus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Civettictis civetta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Civettictis : Civettictis civetta5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocuta crocuta
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Crocuta : Crocuta crocuta5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Papio anubis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Papio : Papio anubis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Galago senegalensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Galagidae : Galago : Galago senegalensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ichneumia albicauda
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Ichneumia : Ichneumia albicauda2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mellivora capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Mellivora : Mellivora capensis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Canis adustus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis adustus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Canis mesomelas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis mesomelas5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Otocyon megalotis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Otocyon : Otocyon megalotis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Jaculus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Jaculus1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Cercopithecus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Colobinae
subfamily		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Colobinae11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus scriptus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus scriptus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tragelaphus imberbis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus imberbis2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Tragelaphus strepsiceros
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Tragelaphus : Tragelaphus strepsiceros5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyceros melampus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros : Aepyceros melampus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Oreotragus oreotragus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oreotragus : Oreotragus oreotragus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Redunca fulvorufula
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca fulvorufula0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Yerbua capensis
species		Yerbua : Yerbua capensis0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hystrix africaeaustralis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Hystricidae : Hystrix : Hystrix africaeaustralis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cercopithecus mitis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Cercopithecus : Cercopithecus mitis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Damaliscus dorcas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus dorcas2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Oryx beisa
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Oryx : Oryx beisa2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kobus kob
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus kob5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Equus quagga burchelli
subspecies		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus quagga burchelli2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cephalophus sylvicultor
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Cephalophus : Cephalophus sylvicultor2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mylomys
genus		Mylomys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Erymnochelys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Erymnochelys28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Parahyaena
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Parahyaena5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Tilapiini
tribe		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Cichliformes : Cichlidae : Tilapiini5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Monsardithyris ventricosa
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lissajousithyrididae : Monsardithyris : Monsardithyris ventricosa168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Biomphalaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Planorbidae : Biomphalaria0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Oecophylla leakeyi
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Oecophylla : Oecophylla leakeyi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lannea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Anacardiaceae : Lannea2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Praedamalis
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Praedamalis11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ikelohyaena
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Ikelohyaena11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Alestidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Alestidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Characidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Characidae11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Claroteidae
family		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Claroteidae28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus : Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Crocodylus checchiai
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Crocodylus : Crocodylus checchiai11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Eogavialis andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Gavialidae : Eogavialis : Eogavialis andrewsi20.44 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Euthecodon brumpti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Euthecodon : Euthecodon brumpti11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cycloderma frenatum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cycloderma : Cycloderma frenatum11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Myacyon kiptalami
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Myacyon : Myacyon kiptalami15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Kelba quadeemae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Odobenidae : Kelba : Kelba quadeemae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Teratodon spekei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon : Teratodon spekei23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Teratodon enigmae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Teratodon : Teratodon enigmae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Anasinopa leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Anasinopa : Anasinopa leakeyi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dissopsalis pyroclasticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Dissopsalis : Dissopsalis pyroclasticus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pterodon nyanzae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Pterodon : Pterodon nyanzae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Leakitherium hiwegi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Leakitherium : Leakitherium hiwegi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon)
subgenus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon)20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) andrewsi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) matthewi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) matthewi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) pilgrimi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodonta : Hyaenodontidae : Hyaenodon : Hyaenodon (Isohyaenodon) pilgrimi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hecubides euryodon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos : Hecubides euryodon23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hecubides macrodon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos : Hecubides macrodon20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Kichechia zamanae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Kichechia : Kichechia zamanae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pseudaelurus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Pseudaelurus : Pseudaelurus africanus20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ugandictis napakensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Ugandictis : Ugandictis napakensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Thamnomys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Thamnomys0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Damalacra
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damalacra11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lissoceras oolithicum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Lissoceratidae : Lissoceras : Lissoceras oolithicum171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Phylloceras trifoliatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras : Phylloceras trifoliatum171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Holcophylloceras zignodianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Holcophylloceras : Holcophylloceras zignodianum171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Obsoletirhynchia obsoleta
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Obsoletirhynchia : Obsoletirhynchia obsoleta170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Belemnites (Belemnopsis) tanganensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitidae : Belemnites : Belemnites (Belemnopsis) tanganensis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Heligmus asiaticus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Heligmus : Heligmus asiaticus170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Entolium solidum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entolium : Entolium solidum163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Chlamys palmyrensis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys palmyrensis170.3 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Chlamys badenpowelli
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys badenpowelli163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Velata inaequistriata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten : Velata inaequistriata163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima (Plagiostoma) astartina
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Lima (Plagiostoma) astartina157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima (Plagiostoma) rigida
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Lima (Plagiostoma) rigida161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Lima (Plagiostoma) notata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Lima (Plagiostoma) notata157.3 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lima (Limatula) elliptica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Limatula : Lima (Limatula) elliptica155.7 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Ceromyopsis aequatorialis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Ceratomyopsidae : Ceratomyopsis : Ceromyopsis aequatorialis170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pholadomya ragazzii
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya ragazzii163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pholadomya cardissoides
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya cardissoides163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Astarte minima
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte : Astarte minima163.5 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Somalirhynchia stefaninii
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Tetrarhynchiidae : Somalirhynchia : Somalirhynchia stefaninii161.2 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Avonothyris jordanensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Avonothyris : Avonothyris jordanensis170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Cererithyris dorsetensis
species		Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Cererithyris : Cererithyris dorsetensis170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Clypeus rostellus
species		Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida : Clypeidae : Clypeus : Clypeus rostellus170.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Phiomys andrewsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Phiomys : Phiomys andrewsi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ilyocypris gibba
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Ilyocyprididae : Ilyocypris : Ilyocypris gibba3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Lavocatomys aequatorialis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Lavocatomys : Lavocatomys aequatorialis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Afrocladus pumilio
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Paoliida : Anthracoptilidae : Afrocladus : Afrocladus pumilio259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Afrocladus kenyaensis
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Paoliida : Anthracoptilidae : Afrocladus : Afrocladus kenyaensis259.9 - 252.17 Ma
Permian
Epirigenys lokonensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Epirigenys : Epirigenys lokonensis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Zizyphus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : Zizyphus13.82 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Zanthoxylum
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Rutaceae : Zanthoxylum13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Liostrea multiformis
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Liostrea : Liostrea multiformis163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dioscorea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Dioscoreales : Dioscoreaceae : Dioscorea13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Propalticus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Laemophloeidae : Propalticus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Limicolaria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : Limicolaria20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Achatina
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Achatinidae : Achatina0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cerastus
genus		Cerastus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Kamoyapithecus hamiltoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Kamoyapithecus : Kamoyapithecus hamiltoni28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Brachyhyrax oligocenus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Brachyhyrax : Brachyhyrax oligocenus28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Thyrohyrax kenyaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Thyrohyrax : Thyrohyrax kenyaensis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Thyrohyrax microdon
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Thyrohyrax : Thyrohyrax microdon28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Meroehyrax kyongoi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Meroehyrax : Meroehyrax kyongoi28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Losodokodon losodokius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Losodokodon : Losodokodon losodokius28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Mlanyama sugu
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyaenodontidae : Mlanyama : Mlanyama sugu28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Mioprionodon hodopeus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Viverridae : Mioprionodon : Mioprionodon hodopeus28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Diamantomys timius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Diamantomyidae : Diamantomys : Diamantomys timius28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Lokonepithecus manai
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Parapithecidae : Lokonepithecus : Lokonepithecus manai28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Lytoceras eudesianum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Lytoceratidae : Lytoceras : Lytoceras eudesianum171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Spiroceras annulatum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Spiroceratidae : Spiroceras : Spiroceras annulatum171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Africanictis schmidtkittleri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Africanictis : Africanictis schmidtkittleri23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Rugalindrites
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Acteonellidae : Rugalindrites166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Anisus
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Planorbidae : Anisus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Chrysomya
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Calliphoridae : Chrysomya1.806 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Mauritia scurra
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Mauritia : Mauritia scurra0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pustularia globulus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Pustularia : Pustularia globulus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Turkanamys hexalophus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Phiomyidae : Turkanamys : Turkanamys hexalophus28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Albertwoodemys testudinum
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Albertwoodemys : Albertwoodemys testudinum20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Turkanemys pattersoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Turkanemys : Turkanemys pattersoni11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kenyemys
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Kenyemys11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Kenyemys williamsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Podocnemididae : Kenyemys : Kenyemys williamsi11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Miosengi butleri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Macroscelidea : Macroscelididae : Miosengi : Miosengi butleri20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dracaena
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Asparagales : Agavaceae : Dracaena15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pollia
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Commelinacea : Pollia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Humbertochloa
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Cyperales : Gramineae : Humbertochloa13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Leptaspis
genus		Plantae : Angiospermae : Cyperales : Gramineae : Leptaspis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Artabotrys
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Magnoliales : Annonaceae : Artabotrys13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lettowianthus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Magnoliales : Annonaceae : Lettowianthus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Landolphia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Apocynaceae : Landolphia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rauvolfia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Apocynaceae : Rauvolfia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Markhamia
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Bignoniaceae : Markhamia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mystroxylon
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Celastrales : Celastraceae : Mystroxylon13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Strychnos
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Loganiaceae : Strychnos13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cissampelos
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae : Cissampelos13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Strombosia
genus		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Santalales : Olacaceae : Strombosia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lasiodiscus
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rhamnaceae : Lasiodiscus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Teclea
genus		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Rutaceae : Teclea13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Placodiscus
genus		Placodiscus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Grewia
genus		Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malvales : Tiliaceae : Grewia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Rinorea
genus		Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Violaceae : Rinorea13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Eubelum rusingaense
species		Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Isopoda : Eubelidae : Eubelum : Eubelum rusingaense20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Normannites egyptiacus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Otoitidae : Normannites : Normannites egyptiacus171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Cyclanorbis turkanensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cyclanorbis : Cyclanorbis turkanensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cyclanorbis elegans
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cyclanorbis : Cyclanorbis elegans2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cyclanorbis senegalensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cyclanorbis : Cyclanorbis senegalensis2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Paraphiomys pigotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Thryonomyidae : Paraphiomys : Paraphiomys pigotti20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cycloderma debroinae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Trionychidae : Cycloderma : Cycloderma debroinae7.246 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dorcatherium chappuisi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : Dorcatherium chappuisi23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Dorcatherium songhorensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tragulidae : Dorcatherium : Dorcatherium songhorensis20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Clarotes
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Claroteidae : Clarotes11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hydrocynus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Characiformes : Alestidae : Hydrocynus28.4 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Carinatus
genus		Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae : Carinatus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Aegypius monachus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Aegypius : Aegypius monachus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Mioeuoticus kichotoi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Lorisidae : Progalago : Mioeuoticus kichotoi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Katifelis nightingalei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Katifelis : Katifelis nightingalei20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Kichechia savagei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Herpestidae : Kichechia : Kichechia savagei20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Melierax metabates
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Melierax : Melierax metabates20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Accipiter tachiro
species		Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Accipiter : Accipiter tachiro20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Conus tessulatus
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus tessulatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pelusios rusingae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pelomedusidae : Pelusios : Pelusios rusingae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Palaeotragus germaini
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Giraffidae : Palaeotragus : Palaeotragus germaini11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Protragocerus labidotus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Protragocerus : Protragocerus labidotus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Homoiodorcas tugenium
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Homoiodorcas : Homoiodorcas tugenium13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gazella praethomsoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Gazella : Gazella praethomsoni5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Adenota recki
species		Adenota : Adenota recki5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Alcelaphus kattwinkeli
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Alcelaphus : Alcelaphus kattwinkeli5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Beatragus antiquus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Beatragus : Beatragus antiquus3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius altidens
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius altidens3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Parmularius angusticornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Parmularius : Parmularius angusticornis3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hippotragus niro
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus niro3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Leptailurus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Leptailurus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lokotunjailurus emageritus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Lokotunjailurus : Lokotunjailurus emageritus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ekorus ekakeran
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Ekorus : Ekorus ekakeran11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Aepyceros premelampus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros : Aepyceros premelampus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepyceros shungurae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Aepyceros : Aepyceros shungurae3.6 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus porrecticornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus porrecticornis11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus presigmoidalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus presigmoidalis11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus laticornis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus laticornis11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus sigmoidalis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus sigmoidalis5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Kobus leche
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Kobus : Kobus leche5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Redunca ancystrocera
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Redunca : Redunca ancystrocera11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Menelikia lyrocera
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Menelikia : Menelikia lyrocera5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Menelikia leakeyi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Menelikia : Menelikia leakeyi11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pseudotragus gentryi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Pseudotragus : Pseudotragus gentryi13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Hippotragus gigas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Hippotragus : Hippotragus gigas5.333 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Damaliscus eppsi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus eppsi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Listriodon akatikubas
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Listriodon : Listriodon akatikubas13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lopholistriodon kidogosana
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Lopholistriodon : Lopholistriodon kidogosana13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Libycochoerus massai
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Libycochoerus : Libycochoerus massai23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Propotamochoerus devauxi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Propotamochoerus : Propotamochoerus devauxi11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Sivachoerus syrticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Sivachoerus : Sivachoerus syrticus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzachoerus kanamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus : Nyanzachoerus kanamensis7.246 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzachoerus jaegeri
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Nyanzachoerus : Nyanzachoerus jaegeri11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Hylochoerus euilus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Hylochoerus : Hylochoerus euilus11.62 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Notochoerus capensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Notochoerus : Notochoerus capensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gerontochoerus scotti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Gerontochoerus : Gerontochoerus scotti7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Pecarichoerus africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Pecarichoerus : Pecarichoerus africanus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kolpochoerus afarensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Kolpochoerus : Kolpochoerus afarensis7.246 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus hopwoodi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus hopwoodi5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Metridiochoerus compactus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Suidae : Metridiochoerus : Metridiochoerus compactus5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Bonisicyon illacabo
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Bonisicyon : Bonisicyon illacabo11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Erokomellivora
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Erokomellivora11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Walangania africanus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hoplitomerycidae : Walangania : Walangania africanus20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Propalaeoryx nyanzae
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Propalaeoryx : Propalaeoryx nyanzae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Prohyrax tertiarius
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Prohyrax : Prohyrax tertiarius20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Parapliohyrax ngororaensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hyracoidea : Pliohyracidae : Parapliohyrax : Parapliohyrax ngororaensis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Euryboas
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Hyaenidae : Euryboas11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Rousettus pattersoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Rousettus : Rousettus pattersoni5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Turkanycteris harrisi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Turkanycteris : Turkanycteris harrisi5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Saccolaimus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Emballonuridae : Saccolaimus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Saccolaimus kenyensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Emballonuridae : Saccolaimus : Saccolaimus kenyensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mops turkwellensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Molossidae : Mops : Mops turkwellensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mops kerio
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Molossidae : Mops : Mops kerio5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Damaliscus lunatus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Damaliscus : Damaliscus lunatus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pila ovata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullariidae : Pila : Pila ovata20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gabbiella
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Bithyniidae : Gabbiella15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Melanoides tuberculata
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Thiaridae : Melanoides : Melanoides tuberculata20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Burnupia
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Burnupiidae : Burnupia0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mutela nilotica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Iridinidae : Mutela : Mutela nilotica2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Etheria
genus		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Etheriidae : Etheria23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Etheria elliptica
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Etheriidae : Etheria : Etheria elliptica20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Bagrus
genus		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Siluriformes : Bagridae : Bagrus11.62 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Lates niloticus
species		Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Perciformes : Latidae : Lates : Lates niloticus11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Protanancus macinnesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Amebelodontidae : Protanancus : Protanancus macinnesi13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Gomphotherium ngorora
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae : Gomphotherium : Gomphotherium ngorora13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Alophia metios
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Alophia : Alophia metios23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Australopithecus anamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Australopithecus : Australopithecus anamensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nyanzapithecus alesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Nyanzapithecus : Nyanzapithecus alesi13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Nyanzapithecus harrisoni
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Proconsulidae : Nyanzapithecus : Nyanzapithecus harrisoni15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Nyanzapithecus pickfordi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Parapithecidae : Nyanzapithecus : Nyanzapithecus pickfordi15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Microcolobus tugenensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Microcolobus : Microcolobus tugenensis13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Limnopithecus evansi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Limnopithecus : Limnopithecus evansi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Limnopithecus legetet
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Hominidae : Limnopithecus : Limnopithecus legetet13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Parapapio lothagamensis
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio lothagamensis11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapapio ado
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio ado5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapapio jonesi
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio jonesi5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Parapapio whitei
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Parapapio : Parapapio whitei2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Theropithecus (Omopithecus) brumpti
species		Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Cercopithecidae : Theropithecus : Theropithecus (Omopithecus) brumpti5.333 - 1.806 Ma
Cenozoic
Anadara uropigimelana
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara uropigimelana0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Ptychophylloceras lardyi
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Ptychophylloceras : Ptychophylloceras lardyi171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Nannolytoceras polyhelictum
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Lytoceratidae : Nannolytoceras : Nannolytoceras polyhelictum171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Masckeites psilacanthoides
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Stephanoceratidae : Normannites : Masckeites psilacanthoides171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Leptosphinctes schmiereri
species		Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Perisphinctidae : Leptosphinctes : Leptosphinctes schmiereri171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 346 fossil localities
Kenya
Kenya

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya
Wikidata ID:Q114
GeoNames ID:192950

Localities in this Region

Kenya
Kenya

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Africa
African Plate
Kenya
Kenya
Somali PlateTectonic Plate
Tanzania

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

http://www.mining.go.ke (Ministry of Mining)
(n.d.)
Dodson, R.G. (1957) Pegmatites of Kenya. In Commision de Coopération Technique en Afrique au Sud du Sahara (C.C.T.A.) Geologie. Comités regionaux Centre, Est et Sud Vol. 1. Service Géologique de Madagascar, Tananarivo. p.151-154.
King, B.C., Le Bas, M.J., Sutherland, D.S. (1972) The history of the alkaline volcanoes and intrusive complexes of eastern Uganda and western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 128, 173-205.
Horkel, A.D., Neubauer, W., Niedermayr, G., Okelo, R.E., Wachira, J.K., Werneck, W. (1984) Notes on the Geology and Mineral Resources of the Southern Kenyan Coast. Mitteilungen der Österreichischen geologischen Gesellschaft 77, 151-159. [http://www2.uibk.ac.at/downloads/oegg/Band_77_151_159.pdf]
www.uoguelph.ca (n.d.) http://www.uoguelph.ca/~geology/rocks_for_crops/31kenya.PDF
en.wikipedia.org (n.d.) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya
Lakkundi, T. (2012) Geology and Mineral Resources of Kenya with special emphasis on Minerals around Mombasa. Online PDF file. [http://www.academia.edu/3478616/Geology_and_Mineral_Resources_of_Kenya_with_special_emphasis_on_minerals_around_Mombasa]
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