|
Burundi | |
| Kurtanjek, M. P., & Tandy, B. C. (1989). The igneous phosphate deposits of Matongo-Bandaga, Burundi. In Phosphate deposits of the world. Phosphate rock resources (pp. 262-266). Kurtanjek, M. P., & Tandy, B. C. (1989). The igneous phosphate deposits of Matongo-Bandaga, Burundi. In Phosphate deposits of the world. Phosphate rock resources (pp. 262-266). Lubala, R. T., Kampunzu, A. B., & Makutu, M. N. (1985). Un inventaire des complexes anorogéniques du Burundi, du Ruanda et du Zaïre. Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983), 3(1-2), 169-174. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(85)90034-X Lubala, R. T., Kampunzu, A. B., & Makutu, M. N. (1985). Un inventaire des complexes anorogéniques du Burundi, du Ruanda et du Zaïre. Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983), 3(1-2), 169-174. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(85)90034-X Cahen, L., Snelling, N. J., Delhal, J., Vail, J. R., Bonhomme, M., & Ledent, D. (1984). The geochronology and evolution of Africa. Clarendom Press, Oxford. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frederic_Wilson2/publication/248450077_The_Geochronology_and_evolution_of_AfricaL_Cahen_NJ_Snelling_J_Delhal_and_JR_Vail_with_the_collaboration_of_M_Bonhomme_and_D_Ledent/links/55ef240108ae0af8ee1b10f2.pdf Tack, L., De Paepe, P., Deutsch, S., & Liégeois, J. P. (1984). The alkaline plutonic complex of the Upper Ruvubu (Burundi): geology, age, isotopic geochemistry and implications for the regional geology of the Western Rift. In Géologie africaine (pp. 91-114). Cahen, L., Snelling, N. J., Delhal, J., Vail, J. R., Bonhomme, M., & Ledent, D. (1984). The geochronology and evolution of Africa. Clarendom Press, Oxford. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frederic_Wilson2/publication/248450077_The_Geochronology_and_evolution_of_AfricaL_Cahen_NJ_Snelling_J_Delhal_and_JR_Vail_with_the_collaboration_of_M_Bonhomme_and_D_Ledent/links/55ef240108ae0af8ee1b10f2.pdf Tack, L., De Paepe, P., Deutsch, S., & Liégeois, J. P. (1984). The alkaline plutonic complex of the Upper Ruvubu (Burundi): geology, age, isotopic geochemistry and implications for the regional geology of the Western Rift. In Géologie africaine (pp. 91-114). Tack, L., & De Paepe, P. (1983). Le volcanisme du Sud-Kivu dans le nord de la plaine de la Rusizi au Burundi et ses relations avec les formations géologiques avoisinantes. Rapport Annuel du Departement de Geologie et de Mineralogie du Musee Rayal de l'Afrique Central Annees 1981 et 1982, Tervuren, Belgique, 137-145. Tack, L., & De Paepe, P. (1983). Le volcanisme du Sud-Kivu dans le nord de la plaine de la Rusizi au Burundi et ses relations avec les formations géologiques avoisinantes. Rapport Annuel du Departement de Geologie et de Mineralogie du Musee Rayal de l'Afrique Central Annees 1981 et 1982, Tervuren, Belgique, 137-145. |
| www.portergeo.com.au (2017) http://www.portergeo.com.au/database/mineinfo.asp?mineid=mn1523 |
|
DR Congo | |
| Guibert, P., Delaloye, M., & Hunziker, J. (1975). Contribution Ă lâĂ©tude gĂ©ologique du volcan Mikeno, chaĂźne des Virunga (RĂ©publique du ZaĂŻre). CR ScĂ©. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat., GenĂšve, ns, 10(1), 57-66. Bell, K., & Powell, J. L. (1969). Strontium isotopic studies of alkalic rocks: the potassium-rich lavas of the Birunga and ToroâAnkole Regions, East and Central Equatorial Africa. Journal of Petrology, 10(3), 536-572. doi.org/10.1093/petrology/10.3.536 Denaeyer, M. E., Schellinck, F., & Coppez, A. (1965). Recueil d'analyses des laves du fossĂ© tectonique de l'Afrique centrale. Annales. MusĂ©e Roy. Afrique Centrale. Belgique, Ann. Ser. 8, Sci. Geol., 49, 1-234. Holmes, A., & Harwood, H. F. (1937). The volcanic area of Bufumbira. Part 2. The petrology of the volcanic field of Bufumbria, south-west Uganda, and of other parts of the Birunga field. Geological Survey of Uganda, Memoir, 3 (Part 2). Combe, A. D., & Simmons, W. C. (1933). The volcanic area of Bufumbira: The geology of the volcanic area of Bufumbira, south-west Uganda: Geol. Survey Uganda Mem. Ill, pt. I, 1-143. |
|
Eswatini | |
| Econ Geol (1995) 90:648-657 |
|
Ethiopia | |
| Merla, G., Abbate, E., Azzaroli, A., Bruni, P., Canuti, P., Fazzuoli, M., ... & Tacconi, P. (1979). A geological map of Ethiopia and Somalia (1973) 1: 2.000. 000 and comment. University of Florence, Italy. Le Bas, M. J., & Mohr, P. A. (1968). Feldspathoidal rocks from the Cainozoic volcanic province of Ethiopia. Geologische Rundschau, 58(1), 273-280. doi.org/10.1007/BF01820608 |
| KĂŒster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86. A Geological Excursion To The Mesozoic Sediments Of The Abay Basin ( Blue Nile), Recent Volcanics Of The Ethiopian Main Rift And Basement Rocks Of The Adola Rea, Ethiopia. Mitt. Ăsterr. Miner. Ges. 147 (2002) |
- Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples' Region
| (Rock Currier collection) |
| Brown, F. H., & Carmichael, I. S. E. (1969). Quaternary volcanoes of the Lake Rudolf region: 1. The basanite-tephrite series of the Korath Range. Lithos, 2(3), 239-260. doi.org/10.1016/S0024-4937(69)80018-6 |
|
Kenya | |
| Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50. |
| |
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88. Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88. Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88. Clarke, M. G. C., & Roberts, B. (1986). Carbonated melilitites and calcitized alkalicarbonatites from Homa Mountain, western Kenya: a reinterpretation. Geological Magazine, 123(6), 683-692. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800024195 Clarke, M. G. C., & Roberts, B. (1986). Carbonated melilitites and calcitized alkalicarbonatites from Homa Mountain, western Kenya: a reinterpretation. Geological Magazine, 123(6), 683-692. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800024195 Clarke, M. G. C., & Roberts, B. (1986). Carbonated melilitites and calcitized alkalicarbonatites from Homa Mountain, western Kenya: a reinterpretation. Geological Magazine, 123(6), 683-692. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800024195 Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. |
| Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965 Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965 Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779 Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779 DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479 DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479 Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611 Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611 Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2 Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2 |
| Rosatelli, G., Wall, F., Le Bas, M.J. (2003) Potassic glass and calcite carbonatite in lapilli from extrusive carbonatites at Rangwa Caldera Complex, Kenya. Mineralogical Magazine, 67:5, 931-955. Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214 Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 |
| |
| Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom). |
| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REEâDatabase and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139 |
| Sutherland, D.S. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88. Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88. Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 |
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. Rankin, A. H. (1975). Fluid inclusion studies in apatite from carbonatites of the Wasaki area of western Kenya. Lithos, 8(2), 123-136. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(75)90020-1 Rankin, A. H. (1975). Fluid inclusion studies in apatite from carbonatites of the Wasaki area of western Kenya. Lithos, 8(2), 123-136. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(75)90020-1 Barber, C. (1974). The geochemistry of carbonatites and related rocks from two carbonatite complexes, south Nyanza, Kenya. Litho, 7(1), 53-63. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(74)90038-3 Barber, C. (1974). The geochemistry of carbonatites and related rocks from two carbonatite complexes, south Nyanza, Kenya. Litho, 7(1), 53-63. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(74)90038-3 |
| Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 |
| Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. |
| Crossley, R. (1979). The Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the western part of the Rift Valley in southern Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 136(4), 393-405. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.136.4.0393 Baker, B. H. (1963) Geology of the Area South of Magadi. Report 61. Geological Survey of Kenya Peterson, T.D. 1989. Peralkaline nephelinites. II. Low pressure-fractionation and the hypersodic lavas of Oldoinyo Lengai. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 102, 336-346. |
| Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London. Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563 |
| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REEâDatabase and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139 |
| SpĂ€th, A., Le Roex, A.P., Opiyo-Akech, N. (2001) Plumeâlithosphere interaction and the origin of continental rift-related alkaline volcanismâthe Chyulu Hills Volcanic Province, southern Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 42:4, 765-787. |
| Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153). Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153). Price, R.C., Johnson, R.W., Gray, C.M., and Frey, F.A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89, 394â409. Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560 Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560 Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205â228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605 Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205â228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605 Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191â215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8 Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191â215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8 Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp. |
| A. N. Zaitsev, T. Wenzel, T. Vennemann and G. Markl (2013): Tinderet volcano, Kenya: an altered natrocarbonatite locality? Mineralogical Magazine 77, 213-226. Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563 King, B. C., Le Bas, M. J., & Sutherland, D. S. (1972). The history of the alkaline volcanoes and intrusive complexes of eastern Uganda and western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 128(2), 173-205. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.128.2.0173 Baker, B. H., Williams, L. A. J., Miller, J. A., & Fitch, F. J. (1971). Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11(3), 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8 Le Bas, M. J., & Dixon, J. A. (1965). A new carbonatite in the Legetet hills, Kenya. Nature, 207(4992), 68-68. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/207068a0.pdf Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50. |
| Wright, J. B. (1967). Geology of the Narok area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 80. Williams, L. A. J. (1964). Geology of the Mara river-Sianna area. Report. Geological Survey of Kenya, 66. Shackleton, R. M. (1946). Geology of the Migori gold belt. Geol. Surv. Kenya, 10. http://samsamwater1.s3.amazonaws.com/maps/kenya/geology/Geology+of+the+Migori+Gold+Belt.pdf |
| Bowell, R. J., Warren, A., & Redmond, I. (1996). Formation of cave salts and utilization by elephants in the Mount Elgon region, Kenya. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 113(1), 63-79. |
| Macdonald, R., Davies, G. R., Upton, B. G. J., Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., & Leat, P. T. (1995). Petrogenesis of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(4), 703-720. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.4.0703 Smith, M., Dunkley, P. N., Deino, A., Williams, L. A. J., & McCall, G. J. H. (1995). Geochronology, stratigraphy and structural evolution of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(2), 297-310. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.2.0297 Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley. British Geological Survey, Research Report. International Series SC/93/1. McCall, G. J. H., & Hornung, G. (1972). A geochemical study of Silali volcano, Kenya, with special reference to the origin of the intermediate-acid eruptives of the Central Rift Valley. In Developments in Geotectonics (Vol. 7, pp. 97-113). Elsevier. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-41087-0.50016-6 |
|
Lesotho | |
| Clarke, D. B., & MacKay, R. M. (1990). An ilmenite-garnet-clinopyroxene nodule from Matsoku: evidence for oxideârich liquid immiscibility in kimberlites. Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 229-239. |
|
Madagascar | |
- Ambatofinandrahana District
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Ackermand, Dietrich, Morteani, Giulio, Razakamanana, Theodore (2006) Lazulite-bearing metaquartzite of the Itremo Group (Central Madagascar); Scientific significance and economic importance. 5-18 Scientific significance and economic importance. in Proceedings of the Malagasy-German Research Cooperation in Life and Earth sciences, 5-18 |
| Rasoamalala, V., Salvi, S., BĂ©ziat, D., Ursule, J.-Ph., Cuney, M., de Parseval, Ph., Guillaume, D., Moine, B., Andriamampihantona, J. (2014) Geology of bastnaesite and monazite deposits in the Ambatofinandrahana area, central part of Madagascar: An overview. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 94. 128-140 doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2013.11.009 |
| Ackermand, Dietrich, Morteani, Giulio, Razakamanana, Theodore (2006) Lazulite-bearing metaquartzite of the Itremo Group (Central Madagascar); Scientific significance and economic importance. 5-18 |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Nizamoff, J.W. et al.(2000): Recent mining at the Antandrokomby pegmatite, Madagascar. 26th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium. Rocks & Minerals, july 2000 |
| Lacroix, Alfred (1915) Sur un nouveau minéral (ambatoarinite) de Madagascar. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 38 (6) 265-271 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1915.3628 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Lautel, Robert (1953) Etude géologique de la feuille Bekitro. Travaux du Bureau GÚologique 40. Haut Commisariat de Madagascar et dependances |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Schmetzer, K. Hainscwang, T. Bernhardt, H-J. & Kiefert, L. (2002): New chromium- and vanadium-bearing garnets from Tranoroa, Madagascar. Gems & Gemology. 38 (2), 148-155 |
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 946784, old sample) |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (photo id 891811) |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Salvador Mirete photo and collection |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Travaux minéralogiques. Rapport Annuel du Service géologique, 1960. Republique Madagascar. 181-199 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Arliguie Michel photo & specimen, photo id 489757 |
| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Popov, Daniil V., Spikings, Richard A., Scaillet, Stéphane, O'Sullivan, Gary, Chew, David, Badenszki, Eszter, Daly, J. Stephen, Razakamanana, Théodore, Davies, Joshua H.F.L. (2020) Diffusion and fluid interaction in Itrongay pegmatite (Madagascar): Evidence from in situ 40Ar/39Ar dating of gem-quality alkali feldspar and U Pb dating of protogenetic apatite inclusions. Chemical Geology, 556. 119841pp. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119841 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Knut Edvard Larsen collection # M-200 |
- Voronkafotra (Vorokafotra; Vohidava mine)
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 947251, old sample) |
| Royal Museum for Central Africa, Belgium collection Sample # 13442 |
| Madagascar-Tribune, 23 june 2007 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| www.gemsurfaces.com (n.d.) http://www.gemsurfaces.com/quarries/apatite/ |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Pezzotta, Federico (2001) Madagascar. extraLapis English 1. Lapis International LLC Pezzotta, Federico (1999) Madagaskar. Das Paradies der Mineralien und Edelsteine. extraLapis 17. Christian Weise Verlag Lacroix, A. (1913) Minéralogie de La France et de ses colonies. Tome Cinq, DeuxiÚme Supplément. Librairie Polytechnique, Paris 1913, p. 6 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Ferraris, Cristiano, Pignatelli, Isabella, CĂĄmara, Fernando, Parodi, Giancarlo, Pont, Sylvain, Schreyer, Martin, Wei, Fengxia (2020) Laurentthomasite,Mg2K(Be2Al)Si12O30: a new milarite-group-type member from the Ihorombe region, Fianarantsoa Province, Madagascar. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (3) 355-365 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-355-2020 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
- Bezavona Massif (Mount Bezavona)
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Montel, J.-M., Razafimahatratra, D., de Parseval, P., Poitrasson, F., Moine, B., Seydoux-Guillaumede, A.-M., Pik, R., Arnaud, N and Giberth, F. (2018) The giant monazite crystals from Manangotry (Madagascar). Chemical Geology. 484: 36-50 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Ashwal, Lewis D., Hamilton, Michael A., Morel, Vincent P. I., Rambeloson, Roger A. (1998) Geology, petrology and isotope geochemistry of massif-type anorthosites from southwest Madagascar. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 133 (4) 389-401 doi:10.1007/s004100050461 |
| Voarintsoa, N. R. G. (2011) Le grenat vert de la région de Gogogogo (Sud de Madagascar). Diplome D'Etudes Approfondies (Masters Thesis). University of Antananarivo. |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Lacroix, Alfred (1938) Les roches grenues conjointes de lâAnkaratrite du Takarindiona, ĂĄ Madagascar. Compte Rendu Hebdomadaire des SĂ©ances de lâAcadĂ©mie des Sciences, 206. Gauthier-Villars. 548-552 |
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 898842), old collection |
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 947266 , old sample) |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Rakotovao Soatsitohaina, Rakotondrazafy Raymond, Beziat Didier, Salvi Stefano, Rasolomanana Eddy (2009) Petrologie du complexe alcalin cenozoĂŻque d'Ambohirahavavy, presqu'ile d'Ampasindava, Nord Ouest de Madagascar [Petrology of the Cenozoic Alkaline Complex of Ambohirahavy, Ampasindava Peninsula, Northwest Madagascar]. Mada-GĂ©o 13, 2-19 |
| Wolfgang Hampel (2011), fieldwork/studies |
| Emerick, C.M., Duncan, R.A. (1982) Age progressive volcanism in the Comores Archipelago, western Indian Ocean and implications for Somali plate tectonics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 60 (3) 415-428 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(82)90077-2 Karche, J. P. (1973). Le Massif volcanique d'Ambre et les rĂ©gions voisines du nord de Madagascar: Etude volcanologique et pĂ©trologique. Univ. de Besançon, Inst. des Sciences Naturelles. Ser.3, GĂ©ologie, 19 (1), 1-173. Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte gĂ©ologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar. Karche, J.-P. (1971) Ătude pĂ©trographique et chimique de la sĂ©rie volcanique de l'Anorontany et des Iles Mitsio (Nord de Madagascar) Comptes Rendus de la Semaine GĂ©ologique 1970. ComitĂ© National Malgache de GĂ©ologie p.39-45. Lacroix, Alfred (1923) MinĂ©ralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. SociĂ©tĂ© d'Ăditions GĂ©ographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. Lacroix, Alfred (1922) MinĂ©ralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. GĂ©ologie-MinĂ©ralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
| Robison, G.W. (1994): Quartz with calcic amphibole inclusions from Fianorantsoa (Sic!), Madagascar. 20th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium. Rocks & Minerals. 69 (2), 119 + 133 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Nicollet, Christian (1990) Occurrences of grandidierite, serendibite and tourmaline near Ihosy, southern Madagascar. Mineralogical Magazine, 54 (374) 131-133 doi:10.1180/minmag.1990.054.374.16 |
| Bussiere, P. (1957) Le massif volcanique de l'Itasy. Travaux du Bureau GĂšologique de Madagascar 83, 159-167 Lenoble, A. (1940). Ătudes Sur la GĂ©ologie de Madagascar. III. Le massif volcanique de l'Itasy. Memoires de l'Academie Malgache, Tananarive, 32, 43-77. Lacroix, Alfred (1923) MinĂ©ralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. SociĂ©tĂ© d'Ăditions GĂ©ographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. Lacroix, Alfred (1912) Les volcans du center de Madagascar: le massif dâItasy [The volcanoes of central Madagascar: the Itasy massif]. Compte Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences 154, 313-317 |
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gßtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
- Tuléar Province (Toliara)
| Arliguie M Collection (Old label) |
| Morteani, Giulio, Ackermand, Dietrich (2006) Mineralogy, geochemistry and petrology of an amphibolite-facies aluminum-phosphate and borosilicate (APB)-bearing quartzite from the Mesoproterozoic Itremo Group (Central Madagascar) Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 182 (2) 123-148 doi:10.1127/0077-7757/2006/0036 |
| Larsen, Knut Edvard (2003) Mineralene i Sahatany pegmatittfelt, Madagaskar [The minerals of the Sahatany pegmatite field, Madagascar]. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift, 25. 5-18 Lefevre, Marc, Thomas, Laurent (1998) Les pegmatites de la vallĂ©e de la Sahatany Madagascar. Le RĂšgne MinĂ©ral, 4 (19) Les Ăditions du Piat. 15-28 |
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) ThĂšse de doctorat de L'UniversitĂ© Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Ătude minĂ©ralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) ThĂšse de doctorat de L'UniversitĂ© Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Ătude minĂ©ralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
| Lefevre, Marc, Thomas, Laurent (1998) Les pegmatites de la vallĂ©e de la Sahatany Madagascar. Le RĂšgne MinĂ©ral, 4 (19) Les Ăditions du Piat. 15-28 |
| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
| Peter Slootweg collection & Photo, ID: 1144139 |
| HĂ€nni, H. A., Klein, H. H. (1982) Ein Smaragdvorkommen in Madagascar. Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 31 (1/2) 71-77 |
| Knut Edvard Larsen collection # M-201 |
|
Malawi | |
| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REEâDatabase and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139 Wall, F. and Mariano, A.N. (1996) Rare earth minerals in carbonatites: a discussion centered on the Kangankunde carbonatite, Malawi. In: Rare Earth Minerals: Chemistry, Origin and Ore Deposits (A.P. Jones, F. Wall, & C.T. Williams, editors). Chapman & Hall, London, U.K. (193-225). ZIEGLER, U. F. (1992). Preliminary results of geochemistry, Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr studies of post-Karoo carbonatite complexes in Southern Africa. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 141-148. ZIEGLER, U. F. (1992). Preliminary results of geochemistry, Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr studies of post-Karoo carbonatite complexes in Southern Africa. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 141-148. Buckley, H. A., & Woolley, A. R. (1990). Carbonates of the magnesiteâsiderite series from four carbonatite complexes. Mineralogical Magazine, 54(376), 413-418. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.617.6641&rep=rep1&type=pdf Buckley, H. A., & Woolley, A. R. (1990). Carbonates of the magnesiteâsiderite series from four carbonatite complexes. Mineralogical Magazine, 54(376), 413-418. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.617.6641&rep=rep1&type=pdf Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219. Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219. Cahen, L., & Snelling, N. J. (1966). The geochronology of equatorial Africa. North-Holland Publishing Company. Cahen, L., & Snelling, N. J. (1966). The geochronology of equatorial Africa. North-Holland Publishing Company. |
| Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
| Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189 Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
| Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Kreuger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., and Woolley, A.R. (1995): Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Journal Afr. Earth Sci. 20, 275-288. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-W Woolley, A. R., & Jones, G. C. (1987). The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30(1), 335-355. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.16 Woolley, Alan R., Garth Platt, R. (1986) The mineralogy of nepheline syenite complexes from the northern part of the Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (358) 597-610 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.358.05 Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16). Vail, J. R., & Mallick, D. I. J. (1965). The Mongolowe Hills nepheline-syenite ring-complex, southern Malawi. Rec. geol. Surv. Malawi, 3, 49-60. Bloomfield, K. (1961). The age of the Chilwa alkaline province. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 1, 95-100. Garson, M. S. (1960). The geology of the Lake Chilwa area (No. 12). Government Printer. Stillman, C. J. (1960). The Chikala Hill syenite-complex of southern Nyasaland. South African Journal of Geology, 63(Transactions 1960), 99-118. Vail, J. R., & Monkman, L. J. (1960). A geological reconnaissance survey of the Chaone Hill ring complex, southern Nyasaland. South African Journal of Geology, 63(1), 119-135. |
| Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
| Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189 Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
| Mkango Resources |
| Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189 Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0 Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0 Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0 Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2. Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2. Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2. |
| De Ascenção Guedes, R., Lebocey, J. & Bayle (2010): Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines 24-27 juin 2010. Le RÚgne Minéral. 94, 41-58[on find of apatite p. 52-54] |
|
Malawi/Mozambique/Tanzania | |
| www.uoguelph.ca (2004) http://www.uoguelph.ca/~geology/rocks_for_crops/35malawi.PDF |
|
Mauritius | |
| Ashwal, Lewis, Torsvik, Trond, HorvĂĄth, PĂ©ter, Harris, Chris, Webb, Susan, Werner, Stephanie, Corfu, Fernando (2016) A Mantle-derived Origin for Mauritian Trachytes. Journal of Petrology, 57 (9) 1645-1676 doi:10.1093/petrology/egw052 |
|
Mozambique | |
| Teale, E. O., & Smith, W. C. (1923). Nepheline-bearing lavas and intrusive rocks from south of the Zambezi River, with a note on an outcrop of Karroo lavas in the Buzi valley, Portuguese East Africa. Geological Magazine, 60(5), 226-237. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800085599 |
| Unganai, D. A., Imai, A., Takahashi, R., Jamal, D. L., Agangi, A., Hoshide, T., & Sato, H. (2022). Genesis of magmatic ilmenite ores associated with the Mazua ultramafic intrusion, NE Mozambique. Ore Geology Reviews, 104760. |
| Hurai, V. (2020) Trace Elements in Apatite as Genetic Indicators of the Evate Apatite-Magnetite Deposit, NE Mozambique. Minerals 10, 1125. Hurai, V., HuraiovĂĄ, M., GajdoĆĄovĂĄ, M., KoneÄnĂœ, P., SlobodnĂk, M., & Siegfried, P. R. (2018). Compositional variations of zirconolite from the Evate apatite deposit (Mozambique) as an indicator of magmatic-hydrothermal conditions during post-orogenic collapse of Gondwana. Mineralogy and Petrology, 112(3), 279-296. Hurai, V., Paquette, J. L., HuraiovĂĄ, M., SlobodnĂk, M., HvoĆŸÄara, P., Siegfried, P., ... & MilovskĂĄ, S. (2017). New insights into the origin of the Evate apatite-iron oxide-carbonate deposit, Northeastern Mozambique, constrained by mineralogy, textures, thermochronometry, and fluid inclusions. Ore Geology Reviews, 80, 1072-1091. GajdoĆĄovĂĄ, M., HuraiovĂĄ, M., Hurai, V., & KoneÄnĂœ, P. (2017) In situ chemical dating of new accessory minerals from the Evate deposit in Mozambique. CAMâ2017 (Conference on Accessory Minerals) Hurai, V. (2015) Fluid inclusions in apatite indicate low-temperature, metasomatic-infiltration origin of the Evate carbonatite deposit (Mozambique). European Current Research On Fluid Inclusions (ECROFI-XXIII), Leeds - UK, 27 - 29 June, 2015, Extended Abstractsâ Volume SlobodnĂk, M. DillingerovĂĄ, V. BlaĆŸekovĂĄ, M. HuraiovĂĄ, M. |
| Lulin, J. M., JOURDE, G., Mestraud, J. L., & Mroz, J. P. (1985). Un nouveau gßte à Nb, Ta,(U, TR) en Afrique orientale: le complexe alcalin de Meponda (République Populaire du Mozambique). Présentation géologique, mode de découverte et méthodes de prospection. Chronique de la recherche miniÚre, (480), 35-48. Cesbron, F., Lulin, J. M., & Parfenoff, A. (1985). Un type de zircon exceptionnel: le zircon tabulaire {001} du complexe alcalin de Meponda (Mozambique) signification génétique. Bulletin de minéralogie, 108(6), 825-828. |
| CĂlek, V. G. (1989). Industrial minerals of Mozambique. Geological Survey Office. |
| Teale, E. O., & Smith, W. C. (1923). Nepheline-bearing lavas and intrusive rocks from south of the Zambezi River, with a note on an outcrop of Karroo lavas in the Buzi valley, Portuguese East Africa. Geological Magazine, 60(5), 226-237. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800085599 |
| CĂlek, V. G. (1989). Industrial minerals of Mozambique. Geological Survey Office. Gittins, J. (1966). Summaries and bibliographies of carbonatite complexes. In Carbonatites (pp. 417-570). Vail, J.R. 1962. Mount Xiluvo vent, Mozambique. Annual Report, Research Institute of African Geology, University of Leeds, 6, 16-17. |
| Gomes, C. A. L., & Neiva, A. M. (2022). Tourmalines in the Namacotche Li-Cs-Ta granitic pegmatite group, Mozambique: crystal chemistry and origin. Cadernos do Laboratorio XeolĂłxico de Laxe. Revista de XeoloxĂa Galega e do HercĂnico Peninsular, 44, 132-153. |
| Groat, L.A., Giuliani, G., Marshall, D.D., Turner, D. (2008) Emerald deposits and occurrences: A review. Ore Geology Reviews, 34 (1) 87-112 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2007.09.003 |
| Neves, J. M. Correia , Nunes, I. E. Lopes (1968) Pegmatic phospates of Alto - Ligonha region (Mozambique- Portugese East Africa) Revista de ciĂȘncias geolĂłgicas - Universidade de Lourenço Marques, 1. 1-48 |
| Teertstra, D. K., ÄernĂœ, P., Hawthorne, F. C. (1999) Subsolidus rubidium-dominant feldspar from the Morrua pegmatite, Mozambique: paragenesis and composition. Mineralogical Magazine, 63 (3) 313-320 doi:10.1180/002646199548538 |
|
Rwanda | |
| Hulsbosch, N., & Muchez, P. (2019). Tracking the magmatic-hydrothermal transition in the phosphorus-rich Gatumba pegmatite dyke system (Rwanda) and its role on Sn mineralization. In Proceedings of the 15th SGA Biennial Meeting (Vol. 4, No. Mineral Resources for Green Growth, pp. 1634-1637). The Society for Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits. Bertossa, A., 1967. Inventaire des minéraux du Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 4, 25-45. |
| Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 4 - Arsenates, phosphates, vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona. Daltry, V.D.C. and von Knorring, O. (1998) Type-mineralogy of Rwanda with particular reference to the Buranga pegmatite. Geologica Belgica: 1: 9-15. Gallagher, M. J., Gerards, J. F. (1963) Berlinite from Rwanda. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 33 (262) 613-615 doi:10.1180/minmag.1963.033.262.09 |
| Bertossa, A., 1967. Inventaire des minéraux du Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 4, 25-45. |
|
Somalia | |
- Jubaland Autonomous Region
- Lower Juba Region (Jubbada Hoose Gobol)
| Artini, E. (1915) Sulla presenza della monazite nelle sabbie e nelle arenarie della Somalia meridionale. Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, serie 5, Rendiconti, Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturali, 24, 1° semestre, 555-558. |
|
Somaliland | |
| Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189 |
|
South Africa | |
- Fezile Dabi District Municipality
- Moqhaka Local Municipality
| D. Pienaar. (2014). A Geometallurgical Characterization of the Vaal Reef A-Facies at the Moab Khotsong Mine, AngloGold Ashanti, with specific focus on gold and uranium deposrtment.. MSc thesis, Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, 217 pages. |
| Verwoerd W,J. Weder E,E,W., and Harmer, R.E., (1993) The Stukpan carbonatite in the Orange Free State Goldfield. S. Afr J. Geol., 96 (3), 108-118 |
- Lejweleputswa District Municipality
- Matjhabeng Local Municipality
| Econ Geol (1994) 89:909-918. |
- City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
| Jeffery, D. G. (2015). Structural discontinuties in the Witwatersrand group on the ERPM mine their geology, geochemistry and rock mechanics behaviour (Doctoral dissertation). |
- City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality
| Martini, I. (1978). Mineralogy of the Transvaal caves. South African Journal of Geology, 81(1), 47-54. |
- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
| Wilson, M. G. C., Anhaeusser, C. R. 1998. The Mineral Resources of South Africa, Handbook 16. Council for Geoscience, 740 p. |
- West Rand District Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . Martini, I. (1978). Mineralogy of the Transvaal caves. South African Journal of Geology, 81(1), 47-54. |
- King Cetshwayo District Municipality
| Ware, C.I. (2001). Evolution of the northern Kwa-Zulu-Natal coastal dune cordon: evidence from the fien-grained sediment fraction. Master of Science dissertation, School of Geological and Computer Sciences, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa, 197 pages. |
- Capricorn District Municipality
- Blouberg Local Municipality
| Manyeruke, T. D. (2007). Compositional and lithological variation of the Platreef on the farm Nonnenwerth, northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: Implications for the origin of Platinum-group elements (PGE) mineralization (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria). |
- Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality
| Martini, I. (1978). Mineralogy of the Transvaal caves. South African Journal of Geology, 81(1), 47-54. |
- Mopani District Municipality
- Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Jaguin, J., Boulvais, P., Poujol, M., Bosse, V., Paquette, J. L., & Vilbert, D. (2013). Albitization in the antimony line, Murchison Greenstone Belt (Kaapvaal Craton): A geochemical and geochronological investigation. Lithos, 168, 124-143. |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| USGS Open-File Report 02â156âA |
| Aldous, R. T. H. (1986): Copper-rich fluid inclusions in pyroxenes from the Guide copper mine, a satellite intrusion of the Palabora igneous complex, South Africa. Economic Geology 81, 143-155. |
| Sokolov S.V. (2010) On portlandite from carbonatite complexes. Abstracts of XXVII International conference School «Geochemistry of Alkaline rocks». â Moscow-Koktebelâ. pp. 240 pp. |
- Greater Giyani Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Maruleng Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Sekhukhune District Municipality
- Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality
| Northam Platinum |
| Kottke-Levin, J. (2011). A geochemical study of the Middle Group chromitites, Helena mine, Bushveld complex, South Africa (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State). |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Makhuduthamaga Local Municipality
| Strauss C. A., and Truter F. C., (1950) Post-Bushveld ultrabasic, alkali and carbonatitic eruptives at Magnet Heights, Sekukuniland, Eastern Transvaal. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 53: 169-90 |
| Harmer, R. E. (1999). The petrogenetic association of carbonatite and alkaline magmatism: constraints from the Spitskop Complex, South Africa. Journal of Petrology, 40(4), 525-548. USGS Open-File Report 02â156âA |
- Vhembe District Municipality
- Musina Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Waterberg District Municipality
- Mogalakwena Local Municipality
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:1096-1104 |
| Mandende, H. (2014). Geochemical and petrographic characterization of platreef pyroxenite Package p1, p2, p3 and p4 units at the akanani prospect area, bushveld Complex, South Africa. Masters thesis University of the Western Cape Van der Merwe, F. (2011). MLA-Based Mineralogical Investigation of PGE Mineralisation at Lonmin's Akanani Platinum Group Metal Project, Northern Limb of the Bushveld Complex (Masters dissertation, University of Johannesburg). |
| Martini, I. (1978). Mineralogy of the Transvaal caves. South African Journal of Geology, 81(1), 47-54. |
- Gert Sibande District Municipality
- Chief Albert Luthuli Local Municipality
| Gauert C, TrubaÄ J, Ackerman L (2014) Late-stage magmatic-hydrothermal mineral associations in the Ni-Cu-PGE sulphide-bearing (ultra-) basic Uitkomst Complex, South Africa. 21 st meeting of the International Mineralogical Association. p 73 |
| Gauert, Christoph, and Armin Zeh. (2022) "Downdip Development of the Ni-Cu-PGE-Bearing Mafic to Ultramafic Uitkomst Complex, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa" Minerals 12, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010022 Mulaba-Bafubiandi, A.F. (2020) A Process Mineralogical Evaluation of Chromite at the Nkomati Nickel Mine, Uitkomst Complex, South Africa. Minerals 10, 709. GĂŒnther, C. (2013). Mineralogy of the Talc-Carbonate-Pyrite-Schist and its spatial distribution in open pit 3 of the Nkomati Nickel Mine in the Uitkomst Complex, South Africa. Masters thesis Martin-Luther-UniversitĂ€t Halle-Wittenberg Dzvinamurungu, T. Rose, D.H. Viljoen, K.S. |
- Bojanala Platinum District Municipality
- Moses Kotane Local Municipality
- Pilanesberg Alkaline Ring Complex
| Dal Bo, F., Friis, H., Elburg, M. A., Hatert, F., Andersen, T. (2024) Pilanesbergite: a new rock-forming mineral occurring in nepheline syenite from the Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex, South Africa. European Journal of Mineralogy, 36 (1) 73-85 doi:10.5194/ejm-36-73-2024 |
|
Tanzania | |
| (2002) Emeralds of the World. extraLapis English 2. Lapis International LLC |
| Martins, T., Chakhmouradian, A.R., and Medici, L. (2014) Perovskite alteration in kimberlites and carbonatites: the role of kassite, CaTi2O4(OH)2. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 41, 473â484. Chakhmouradian, A.R. and Zaitsev, A.N. (2012) Rare earth mineralization in igneous rocks: sources and processes. Elements, 8, #5, 347-353. Guzmics, T., Mitchell, R. H., SzabĂł, C., Berkesi, M., Milke, R., & Ratter, K. (2012). Liquid immiscibility between silicate, carbonate and sulfide melts in melt inclusions hosted in co-precipitated minerals from Kerimasi volcano (Tanzania): evolution of carbonated nephelinitic magma. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 164(1), 101-122 |
| Mitchell, R.H. and Dawson, J.B., (2021) Mineralogy of volcanic calciocarbonatites from the Trig Point Hill debris flow, Kerimasi volcano, Tanzania: implications for the altered natrocarbonatite hypothesis. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(4), pp.484-495. |
| J.B. Dawson, Journal of Petrology, 2002, V 43, N° 9, pp. 1749-1777. |
| Dawson, J. B. (1998). Peralkaline nepheliniteânatrocarbonatite relationships at Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania. Journal of Petrology, 39(11-12), 2077-2094. Mitchell, R. H. (1997). Carbonate-carbonate immiscibility, neighborite and potassium iron sulphide in Oldoinyo Lengai natrocarbonatite. Mineralogical Magazine, 61(6), 779-789. www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/other.htm Mineralogical Magazine 1997 61 : 779-789 |
| Zaitsev, A. N., Marks, M. A. W., Wenzel, T., Spratt, J., Sharygin, V. V., Strekopytov, S., & Markl, G. (2012). Mineralogy, geochemistry and petrology of the phonolitic to nephelinitic Sadiman volcano, Crater Highlands, Tanzania. Lithos, 152, 66-83. Zaitsev A.N., Wenzel T., Markl G., Spratt J., Petrov S.V., Williams, C.T. (2010) Mineralogy and geochemistry of nephelinites and phonolites from the Sadiman volcano, northern Tanzania. Abstracts of XXVII International conference School «Geochemistry of Alkaline rocks». â Moscow-Koktebelâ. pp. 240 pp. |
| AngloGold Ashanti Limited |
| Stern, W.B. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 20, 198-202. |
| Collection of Werner Radl. |
| Feneyrol J., Ohnenstetter D., Gaston,G., Fallick A. E., Rollion-Bard C., Robert J. L., and Malisa E. P. (20): Evidence of evaporites in the genesis of the vanadian grossular "tsavorite" deposit in Namalulu, Tanzania. Canadian Mineralogist. 50, 745-769 |
| Weizhi Huang, Jingcheng Pei (2018) Inclusions of spinels from Tanzania. in abstracts of the 22nd IMA Meeting Melbourne p 515 |
| Wu, Jinlin, Xueying Sun, Hong Ma, Peiying Ning, Na Tang, Ting Ding, Huihuang Li, Tianyang Zhang, and Ying Ma. (2023) "Purple-Violet Gem Spinel from Tanzania and Myanmar: Inclusion, Spectroscopy, Chemistry, and Color" Minerals 13, no. 2: 226. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13020226 Hintze, J. (2011): Afrikanisches Tagebuch (III): Die Spinelle von Mahenge, Tansania. Lapis 36 (7-8), 26-30. www.fieldgemology.org (2008) http://www.fieldgemology.org/gemology%20tanzania%202005.php |
| Hintze, J. (2011): Afrikanisches Tagebuch (III): Die Spinelle von Mahenge, Tansania. Lapis 36 (7-8), 26-30. |
| Hintze, J. (2011): Afrikanisches Tagebuch (III): Die Spinelle von Mahenge, Tansania. Lapis 36 (7-8), 26-30. |
| Evans, D. M., Barrett, F. M., Prichard, H. M., & Fisher, P. C. (2012). Platinumâpalladiumâgold mineralization in the Nkenja maficâultramafic body, Ubendian metamorphic belt, Tanzania. Mineralium Deposita, 47(1-2), 175-196. |
| Hsu, W. & Crozaz, G. (1997) Ion microprobe study of the pomozdino and peramiho eucrites: Meteoritics 32 (2): 271-280. (March 1997) Hsu, W. & Crozaz, G. (1996) Pomozdino and Peramiho: Are They Anomalous Eucrites? Lunar and Planetary Science XXVII: 567-568. |
| Lomthong, P. (2004) Characteristics of some Corundum from Songea Deposit, Tanzania. |
| Henry Hanni (1987) On Corundums from Umba Valley, Tanzania. J. Gemm. 20:278-284. Zwaan, P. C., & Zwaan, P. C. (1974). Garnet, corundum and other gem minerals from Umba, Tanzania. Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie. |
|
Uganda | |
| Sutherland, D.S. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
| Mbonimpa, A. (2005). The genesis and characteristics of the gold mineralisation in the area between river Malaba and river Solo in Busia district, South Eastern Uganda (MSc thesis, Makerere University). |
| www.uoguelph.ca (2004) http://www.uoguelph.ca/~geology/rocks_for_crops/54uganda.PDF USGS Open-File Report 02â156âA |
| Reedman, J.H. (1984) Resources of phosphate, niobium, iron, and other elements in residual soils over the Sukulu carbonatite complex, southeastern Uganda. Economic Geology: 79: 716-724. |
| Andrew H. Rankin (1977) Fluid-Inclusion Evidence for the Formation Conditions of Apatite from the Tororo Carbonatite Complex of Eastern Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine 41:155-164. Sutherland, D.S. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
| Hogarth, D.D. & Horne, J.E.T. (1989) Non-metamict uranoan pyrochlore and uranpyrochlore from tuff near Ndale area, Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine: 53: 257-62 |
- Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field (Katwe volcanic field)
| Stoppa, F., Woolley, A. R., Lloyd, F. E., and Eby, N. (2000) Carbonatite lapilli-bearing tuff and a dolomite carbonatite bomb from Murumuli crater, Katwe volcanic field, Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine 64, 641-650. |
| Oleg von Knorring, Th. G. Sahama and Jaakko Siivola (1979) Zincian Staurolite from Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine 43:446 |
Ambonaivo Group, Maromby, Amboasary Sud District, Anosy, Madagascar