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| Fe-Mn OXIDES IN THE HYDROTHERMAL SEDIMENTS OF THE RED SEA DEEPS SYSTEM N U R IT T A IT E L -G O LD M A N...Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel 2 Abstract—Deep sediments from the Red Sea have been studied extensively and provide...comparing the Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides from the southern Atlantis II, Chain A, Chain B, and Discovery Deeps, using...hydrothermal sediments of the SW basin in the Atlantis II Deep, indicating sub-bottom connections between...Although some of the sediments of the Discovery Deep show a similar trend; shortrange ordered, rounded |
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| ii sted fa Neko r eon ¥. Ae le tre aia mg et i Se LAL bo ee tetsspe Taree evo Saas ¢ Portes vo...vo tase reel see ~ To ii | q ORY | eo ir . | U i oto= N= |. trbersi of Strathclyde Glasgow...experience gained during sixteen years of going to sea largely to further the aims of marine mineral programmes...General Introduction Physiographic regions of the sea floor and their mineral potential . Lakes Sources...extraction eaiahismns General appearance . 5.3.1 Deep-sea concretions : 5.3.2 Near-shore and lacustrine |
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| hydrothermal convection systems involvingthe circulation of sea•vaterthroughoceanic crustand uppermantleat oceanicspreadingcenters...certainislandsand continentsas ophiolites(Fig. 1). normal sea water over wide areas of ocean basins The metall...rift zone, exemplifiedby the axial troughof the Red Sea, to an oceanicridge,exemplifiedby the Mid-Atlantic... 1974; Deep Sea Drilling Staff, 1977). 138 PETER .4. RO.,V.4 rl'Am•E2. Half-rate of sea-floor Location...Birnessite, todorokite Encrustation Todorokite Encrustatiol• Birnessite, todorokite, Fe- topographic |
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| balances in metalliferous deposits from the Atlantis II Deep, Red Sea PIERRE ANSCHLITZ * Centre de Gdochimie...species within the sedimentary series of the Atlantis II Deep, we have examined the chemical composition...during the last 2,250 years. Assuming that a Salton Sea-like solution supplies all the Fe contained in the...processes acting in the brine system of the Atlantis II Deep. 1. INTRODUCTION 1969; Hackett and Bischoff...sinks, and fluxes of sedimentary material. The Atlantis II Deep is a dynamic system with mineral precipitation |
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| S0016-7037(00)00486-5 Geochemical dynamics of the Atlantis II Deep (Red Sea): II. Composition of metalliferous sediment...26, 2000) Abstract—The Atlantis II Deep is an axial depression of the Red Sea filled with highly saline...mainly the reduction of Mn-oxide with dissolved Fe(II), the recrystallization of primary oxide minerals...1995). New brines have supplied intermittently the deep and have changed the thickness of the brine pool...pool (Bäcker and Richter, 1973). The Atlantis II Deep is an active hydrothermal system, as demonstrated |
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| 19.3:1689-A 1. Marine mineral resources. I. Title. II. Series. QE75.B9 no. 1689-A 557.3s 86-600199 [TN264]...margins and ocean basins 7 Continental margins 7 Deep-ocean basins 8 Plate tectonic processes in the origin...manganiferous sediments 73 Metallic sulfide deposits 78 Red Sea metalliferous sediments 78 Sulfide deposits on...Jurisdiction over exploration and production 86 Red clays 86 Radiolarian ooze 88 Barite 88 Seawater 89...89 Energy in the oceans 89 The Law of the Sea 91 Ocean regimes established by the Convention 92 Provisions |
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| fluids and the evolution of the Atlantis II deep hydrothermal system, Red Sea: Strontium isotope study PIERRE...Abstract-Atlantis II is the largest and most mineralized of the deeps along the axis of the Red Sea spreading...They are close to what is found for the present-day deep brine pool (0.707105, 45.10 ppm). The strontium...concentration and the 87Sr/8bSrratio of the Atlantis II Deep brines can be derived from those of the interstitial...hydrothermal activity in the deep in the beginning of the Atlantis II Deep sedimentary history. The strontium |
 | Anschutz, Pierre, Dedieu, Karine, Desmazes, Franck, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle (2005) Speciation, oxidation state, and reactivity of particulate manganese in marine sediments. Chemical Geology, 218 (3) 265-279 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.01.008 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) |
| In anoxic sediments, manganese mainly occurs as Mn(II) carbonates and is generally in solid solution with...oxides are reduced to soluble Mn(II) (Burdige, 1993). Dissolved Mn(II) can diffuse towards the oxidized...Luther and Popp, 2002). The primary oxidant of Mn(II) can be oxygen, nitrate, or iodate (Aller, 1990;...essentially todorokite, pyrolusite and birnessite (MnO2). There is also an intermediate form Mn(II/III), hausmannite...another side, the primary oxidation product of Mn(II) generally produces metastable Mn(III) oxyhydroxides |
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| debris in association with nontronite in the Bauer Deep (~10ºS, 102ºW). When observed in more detail, he...of 7ºC (range 14 4ºC) for smectite from the Bauer Deep in the southeast Pacific, which, combined with an... produced a temperature compatible with that of deep ocean waters (3ºC). However, McMurtry and Yeh (1981)...for a single nontronite sample of the same Bauer Deep. Most studies have found smectite-formation temperatures...each from a different environment in the Atlantis II Deep (Red Sea). Murnane and Clague (1983) found a temperature |
 | Manceau, A., Lanson, M., Takahashi, Y. (2014) Mineralogy and crystal chemistry of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu in a deep-sea Pacific polymetallic nodule. American Mineralogist, 99 (10) 2068-2083 doi:10.2138/am-2014-4742 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) |
| crystal chemistry of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu in a deep-sea Pacific polymetallic nodule Alain Manceau1,*,...intergrowth of vernadite and its transformation product todorokite. The authigenic 10 Å vernadite precipitated from...both the MnO2 layer and todorokite domains of 10 Å vernadite. 4+ Pure todorokite in highly diagenetic regions...diameter close to that of the [3 × 3] tunnel size of todorokite, and Mn3+ and Cu2+, which prefer Jahn-Teller...transformation of 10 Å vernadite to todorokite and stabilizing todorokite in suboxic marine sediments. Keywords: |
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| SIMON FI™SER UNIVERSI TY i 111111 1111 II II 3 9345 01636083 0 geny G. Gurvich Sediments of the World...World Ocean Fundamental Theory of Deep-Sea Sedimentation 4V t I 4^ Springer SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY...Sediments of the World Ocean Fundamental Theory of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Sedimentation Digitized by the...Sediments of the World Ocean Fundamental Theory of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Sedimentation With 174 Figures and...SEDIMENTS OF THE RED SEA.127 2.1. Conditions of formation.127 2.2. Atlantis II Deep.134 2.2.1. Spatial-temporal |
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| undifferentiated hollandite-group phases), pyrolusite, and todorokite, with lesser amounts romanèchite (Table 2, Fig...Stratigraphic level of Boléo manto; 2 Meters above sea level; 3 Mn oxide morphology: agg = granular aggregate...pyrolusite, Qtz = quartz, Rmn = romanèchite, Tod = todorokite, UHG = undifferentiated hollandite-group phase;...D479-143.27 Cryptomelane Hollandite Pyrolusite Todorokite Romanèchite 20 30 40 50 60 70 Position...provided for cryptomelane, hollandite, pyrolusite, todorokite, and romanèchite. however, neither phase was |
 | Polgári, M., Hein, J.R., Vigh, T., Szabó-Drubina, M., Fórizs, I., Bíró, L., Müller, A., Tóth, A.L. (2012) Microbial processes and the origin of the Úrkút manganese deposit, Hungary. Ore Geology Reviews, 47. 87-109 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2011.10.001 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) |
| fracture systems, which may have provided metals from deep-seated sources. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights...initially described as such; and (3) aerobic microbial Mn(II) oxidation in aquatic (marine, freshwater) environments...similar environmental conditions (Jenkyns, 1988); (ii) not all black shales are enriched in manganese (Jenkyns...manganese deposit type (Fig. 1c). These are filled with red lime-mudstone, varicoloured claystone, carbonate...open-pit mine site covered 1.81 km2 (Fig. 6a). The (ii) black shale-hosted Mn-carbonate ore is of Toarcian |
 | | Report (issue) |
| originally given at an international workshop on deep ocean mineral resources beyond the limits of national...circulating seawater include (i) increasing temperature, (ii) decreasing pH, and (iii) decreasing Eh. The increase...Endmember hydrothermal fluids are defined as presumed deep-seated high-temperature fluids computed by extrapolating...temperatures, the hydrothermal fluid rises rapidly from the deep-seated reaction zone to the surface along major...metals has been possible only for the Atlantis II Deep in the Red Sea. Adequate information about the continuity |
 | Bonatti, Enrico, Fisher, David E., Joensuu, Oiva, Rydell, Harold S., Beyth, Michael (1972) Iron-Manganese-Barium Deposit from the Northern Afar Rift (Ethiopia) Economic Geology, 67 (6) 717-730 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.67.6.717 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) |
| oceanicrifts; it can be considered a continuationof the Red Sea rift. We report here on the geochemistryof a Fe-Mn-Ba...the Afar Rift was submergedas a branch of the Red Sea. The deposit is associatedwith fossil coral reefs...Fe and Mn minerals were not deposited from normal sea water. The data suggestthat the depositwas formed...similaritiesto the hot brine metalliferousdepositsfrom the Red Sea and to depositsfrom active oceanicrifts, especiallythe...analogies between the East African Rift, andthe Red SeaRift (Fig. 1). The northernpart of the regionis |
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| 01970. Les sédiments métallifères des fosses Atlantis II, Néréus et Commission I de la mer Rouge. Campagne...1998. — Les sédiments métallifères des fosses Atlantis II, Néréus et Commission I de la mer Rouge. Campagne...bathymétriques des interfaces hydrologiques. KEYWORDS Red Seadeeps, metalliferous sédiments, beddings, hor...metalliferoîis sédiments from different deeps of the Red Sea (Atlantis //, Nereus and Commission I) collnted dtmng...deeps of the Central Rift Valley of the Red Sea (Atlantis II, Nereus and Commission I). The main amorphou |
 | Herzig, Peter M., Becker, Klaus P., Stoffers, Peter, Bäcker, Harald, Blum, Norbert (1988) Hydrothermal silica chimney fields in the Galapagos Spreading Center at 86°W. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 89 (3) 261-272 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(88)90115-x | Journal (article/letter/editorial) |
| significant metallic mineral deposits. This kind of deep-sea hydrothermal activity is now commonly referred...between the Inca Fracture Zone and the De Steiguer Deep was mapped at various scales, and sevcral new hydrothermal...about 5 cm thick slab of a silica chimney ("specimen II") with the location of samples sil-7 to sil-10 (traverse...(specimen I, Fig. 3) and 15 x 10 cm in size (specimen II, Fig. 4), respectively. Both slabs originate from...in diameter) of traverse C - I ) crossing specimen II, an about 5 cm thick fragment ( 1 5 x 1 0 cm in size) |
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| 2. Manganese nodules. 3. Geochemistry. I. Title. II. Series. QE 516.M6B38 1987 553.4'629 87-16309 ISBN...Hydrothermal Manganese 3 3 9 16 16 CHAPTER II. MAGNANESE IN SEA WATER AND SUSPENSION Dissolved Manganese...Suspended Manganese 25 25 27 CHAPTER III. MANGANESE IN SEA ORGANISMS Phytoplankton Zooplankton Forms of Manganese...Molluscs Benthic Crustacea Echinodermata Fishes Sea Mammals 34 34 37 37 37 40 40 40 40 40 42 ~B~ CHAPTER...General Review of the Data Presented 89 89 PART II. GEOCHEMISTRY OF MANGANESE NODULES CHAPTER VII. MANGANESE |
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| 2. Manganese nodules. 3. Geochemistry. I. Title. II. Series. QE 516.M6B38 1987 553.4'629 87-16309 ISBN...Hydrothermal Manganese 3 3 9 16 16 CHAPTER II. MAGNANESE IN SEA WATER AND SUSPENSION Dissolved Manganese...Suspended Manganese 25 25 27 CHAPTER III. MANGANESE IN SEA ORGANISMS Phytoplankton Zooplankton Forms of Manganese...Molluscs Benthic Crustacea Echinodermata Fishes Sea Mammals 34 34 37 37 37 40 40 40 40 40 42 ~B~ CHAPTER...General Review of the Data Presented 89 89 PART II. GEOCHEMISTRY OF MANGANESE NODULES CHAPTER VII. MANGANESE |
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| brines and recent heavy metal deposits in the Red Sea a geochemical and geophysical account Additional...brines and recent heavy metal deposits in the Red Sea, ISBN 978-3-662-27120-9, is available at http://extras...Deposits in the Red Sea Hot Brines and Recent Heavy Metal Deposits in the Red Sea A Geochemical and...scheme. The world-wide interest in rift valleys and sea floor spreading with their attendant hydrothermal...activity can be studied in a miniscale in the Red Sea. The data reported in this book cover both the |
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| Kontinentaldrift werden, aufeinanderfolgend, das f r ii h e und das f o r t g e s c h r i t t e n e G r a...r drift stage. Several mineral potentials of the sea b e d or its subsurface do not originate in eonneetion...metalliferous muds of the Red Sea type and the manganese nodules of the deep sea ean b e attributed to speeifie...early drift stage. An economic evaluation of the Red Sea occurrences is u n d e r way. It is assumed that...(1912) has become widely accepted, in prineiples. Sea-floor spreading and plate tectonics are considered |
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| Nations Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea, Office of Legal Affairs, and the International Seabed...ISBN: 976-610-712-2 Copyright © United Nations 2004 ii iii CONTENTS 1 Foreword Chapter 1 Introduction...1 2 3 4 Chapter 3 1 2 3 4 (i) Placer Deposits (ii) Lime, Phosphorite and Salt Deposits Global distribution...Mineral Deposits From Sources in Ocean Basins (i) (ii) Hydrothermal Deposits: Metalliferous Sediments...from Sources on Continents and in Ocean Basins (i) (ii) 5 Chapter 4 1 57 58 58 62 64 66 66 Marine |
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| SERIES 1 J.L. MERO THE MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE SEA 2 L.M. FOMIN THE DYNAMIC METHOD IN OCEANOGRAPHY 3...OCEAN 21 C.C. VON DER BORCH (Editor) SYNTHESIS OF DEEP-SEA DRILLING RESULTS IN THE INDIAN OCEAN 22 P. DEHLlNGER...THE NORTH·WEST EUROPEAN SHELF SEAS: THE SEA BED AND THE SEA IN MOTION 25 J.C.J. N IHOU L (Editor) MARINE...TRANSFER PROCESSES 30 A. VOIPIO (Editor) THE BALTIC SEA 31 E.K. DUURSMA and R. DAWSON (Editors) MARINE ORGANIC...38 J.C.J. NIHOUL (Editor) REMOTE SENSING OF SHELF SEA HYDRODYNAMICS 39 T. ICHIYE (Editor) OCEAN HYDRODYNAMICS |
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| - THE OCEAN MINING REPORT JANUARY 1980 - » II 3 1822 03264 224 RECEIVED NOV <. i932 THE OCEAN...reauired for the extrac tion of specific metals. Part II of the report assesses the feasibility and poten...warming could melt polar ice and cause a rise in the sea level. In considering nuclear power, Vadus point...the technology of energy intensive products of the sea still needs refinement and development to yield greater...nuclear power with solar energy; 2) Development of deep ocean structures; 3) Rapid development of OTFC, |
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| interest. These are the Salton Sea, Red Sea, and Cheleken brines. Salton Sea Geothermal Brines From the...Anderson & Grubbs 173) of the discovery of the Salton Sea brine near Niland, California, intensive work has...portended. The origin and significance of the Salton Sea geothermal brine is summarized (168) and discussed...discussed in more detail by White (170). The Salton Sea brines, containing > 25% dissolved salts, are rich in...involving carbonate minerals. As they show, however, the deep brine is much lower in CO2 than the overlying more |
