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Burundi | |
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| Kurtanjek, M. P., & Tandy, B. C. (1989). The igneous phosphate deposits of Matongo-Bandaga, Burundi. In Phosphate deposits of the world. Phosphate rock resources (pp. 262-266).
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Lubala, R. T., Kampunzu, A. B., & Makutu, M. N. (1985). Un inventaire des complexes anorogéniques du Burundi, du Ruanda et du Zaïre. Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983), 3(1-2), 169-174. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(85)90034-X
Cahen, L., Snelling, N. J., Delhal, J., Vail, J. R., Bonhomme, M., & Ledent, D. (1984). The geochronology and evolution of Africa. Clarendom Press, Oxford. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frederic_Wilson2/publication/248450077_The_Geochronology_and_evolution_of_AfricaL_Cahen_NJ_Snelling_J_Delhal_and_JR_Vail_with_the_collaboration_of_M_Bonhomme_and_D_Ledent/links/55ef240108ae0af8ee1b10f2.pdf
Tack, L., De Paepe, P., Deutsch, S., & Liégeois, J. P. (1984). The alkaline plutonic complex of the Upper Ruvubu (Burundi): geology, age, isotopic geochemistry and implications for the regional geology of the Western Rift. In Géologie africaine (pp. 91-114).
Cahen, L., Snelling, N. J., Delhal, J., Vail, J. R., Bonhomme, M., & Ledent, D. (1984). The geochronology and evolution of Africa. Clarendom Press, Oxford. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frederic_Wilson2/publication/248450077_The_Geochronology_and_evolution_of_AfricaL_Cahen_NJ_Snelling_J_Delhal_and_JR_Vail_with_the_collaboration_of_M_Bonhomme_and_D_Ledent/links/55ef240108ae0af8ee1b10f2.pdf
Tack, L., De Paepe, P., Deutsch, S., & Liégeois, J. P. (1984). The alkaline plutonic complex of the Upper Ruvubu (Burundi): geology, age, isotopic geochemistry and implications for the regional geology of the Western Rift. In Géologie africaine (pp. 91-114).
Tack, L., & De Paepe, P. (1983). Le volcanisme du Sud-Kivu dans le nord de la plaine de la Rusizi au Burundi et ses relations avec les formations géologiques avoisinantes. Rapport Annuel du Departement de Geologie et de Mineralogie du Musee Rayal de l'Afrique Central Annees 1981 et 1982, Tervuren, Belgique, 137-145.
Tack, L., & De Paepe, P. (1983). Le volcanisme du Sud-Kivu dans le nord de la plaine de la Rusizi au Burundi et ses relations avec les formations géologiques avoisinantes. Rapport Annuel du Departement de Geologie et de Mineralogie du Musee Rayal de l'Afrique Central Annees 1981 et 1982, Tervuren, Belgique, 137-145. |
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| www.portergeo.com.au (2017) http://www.portergeo.com.au/database/mineinfo.asp?mineid=mn1523 |
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| The Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), specimens # 11249 & 11250
metafro.be (n.d.) http://metafro.be/mineralogy/browse_hierarchical_geo?country=Burundi |
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Ethiopia | |
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| Kennan, P. S., Mitchell, J. G., & Mohr, P. (1990). The Sagatu Ridge dyke swarm, Ethiopian rift margin: revised age and new Sr-isotopic data. Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East), 11(1-2), 39-42. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(90)90075-P
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Mohr, P. A., & Potter, E. C. (1976). The Sagatu Ridge dike swarm, Ethiopian rift margin. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1(1), 55-71. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(76)90018-4
Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7Âș00' and 8Âș40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560. |
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| Merla, G., Abbate, E., Azzaroli, A., Bruni, P., Canuti, P., Fazzuoli, M., ... & Tacconi, P. (1979). A geological map of Ethiopia and Somalia (1973) 1: 2.000. 000 and comment. University of Florence, Italy.
Le Bas, M. J., & Mohr, P. A. (1968). Feldspathoidal rocks from the Cainozoic volcanic province of Ethiopia. Geologische Rundschau, 58(1), 273-280. doi.org/10.1007/BF01820608 |
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| Cole, J. W. (1969). Gariboldi volcanic complex, Ethiopia. Bulletin Volcanologique, 33(2), 566-578. doi.org/10.1007/BF02596525
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| Varet, J. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 27, 321-332. |
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| Mohr, P. A. (1962). The geology of Ethiopia: Univ. Coll. |
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France | |
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| collection Joachim Esche |
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| Jean-Marie LiĂšvre collection. |
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| JM Johannet collection |
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Kenya | |
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| Ridolfi, F., Renzulli, A., Macdonald, R., & Upton, B. G. (2006). Peralkaline syenite autoliths from Kilombe volcano, Kenya Rift Valley: evidence for subvolcanic interaction with carbonatitic fluids. Lithos, 91(1-4), 373-392. |
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| Binge, F. W. (1962). Geology of the Kericho Area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 50. |
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| Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105.
Weaver, S. D. (1977). The Quaternary caldera volcano Emuruangogolak, Kenya Rift, and the petrology of a bimodal ferrobasalt-pantelleritic trachyte association. Bulletin Volcanologique, 40(4), 209-230. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597564
Webb, P.K. & Weaver, S.D. 1976. Trachyte shield volcanoes: a new volcanic form from South Turkana, Kenya. Bulletin Volcanologique, 39, 294-312. |
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| Jennings, D. J. (1964). Geology of the Kapsabet-Plateau area: degree sheet 34, SW quarter (with coloured geological map) (No. 63). Geological Survey of Kenya.
Sanders, L. D. (1963). Geology of the Eldoret area. Geol. Surv. Kenya, 64. |
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| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0
Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.
Clarke, M. G. C., & Roberts, B. (1986). Carbonated melilitites and calcitized alkalicarbonatites from Homa Mountain, western Kenya: a reinterpretation. Geological Magazine, 123(6), 683-692. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800024195
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Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
Sutherland, D.S. (1969). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
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| Rosatelli, G., Wall, F., Le Bas, M.J. (2003) Potassic glass and calcite carbonatite in lapilli from extrusive carbonatites at Rangwa Caldera Complex, Kenya. Mineralogical Magazine, 67:5, 931-955. |
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| Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom). |
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| Sutherland, D.S. (1969) Sodic Amphiboles and Pyroxenes from Fenites in East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24:2, 114-135. |
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| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REEâDatabase and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139 |
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| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0
Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
Sutherland, D.S. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
|
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0
Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
Sutherland, D.S. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
|
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Rankin, A. H. (1975). Fluid inclusion studies in apatite from carbonatites of the Wasaki area of western Kenya. Lithos, 8(2), 123-136. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(75)90020-1
Barber, C. (1974). The geochemistry of carbonatites and related rocks from two carbonatite complexes, south Nyanza, Kenya. Litho, 7(1), 53-63. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(74)90038-3 |
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| Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley. |
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| Matheson, F. J. (1966). Geology of the Kajiado area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 70.
Fairburn, W. A. (1963). Geology of the North Machakos-Thika Area: Degree Sheet 52 NW, with Coloured Geological Map (No. 59). Geological Survey of Kenya.
Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya |
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| Fairhead, J. D., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1972). New K/Ar determinations on rift volcanics of S. Kenya and their bearing on age of rift faulting. Nature Physical Science, 238(83), 66-69. doi.org/10.1038/physci238066a0
Baker, B. H., Williams, L. A. J., Miller, J. A., & Fitch, F. J. (1971). Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11(3), 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Baker, B. H. (1958) Geology of the Magadi Area. Report 42. Geological Survey of Kenya |
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| Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563 |
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| Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 138.
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Dindi, E. W., & Swain, C. J. (1988). Joint three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data from Jombo Hill alkaline complex, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 493-504. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0493
Dindi, E. W., & Swain, C. J. (1988). Joint three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data from Jombo Hill alkaline complex, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 493-504. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0493
Rock, N. M. S. (1976). The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56(2), 205-228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
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Coetzee, G. L., & Edwards, C. B. (1959). The Mrima Hill carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62(1), 373-397.
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Caswell, P. V., & Baker, B. H. (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area Report No. 24. Nairobi, Geological Survey of Kenya.
Caswell, P. V., & Baker, B. H. (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area Report No. 24. Nairobi, Geological Survey of Kenya. |
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| Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).
Price, R.C., Johnson, R.W., Gray, C.M., and Frey, F.A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89, 394â409.
Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560
Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205â228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191â215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.
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| Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department. |
- Hellâs Gate National Park
| Mineralogical Magazine, August 1998, V. 62, N° 4, pp. 477-486. / Journal of Petrology, Vol. 42, N° 4, pp. 825-845, 2001. / Mineralogical Magazine, Volume 66, Number 2, 1 April 2002, pp. 287-299(13) / The United Nations University, GEOTHERMAL TRAINING PROGRAMME Reports 2004, Number 1, Orkustofnun, GrensĂĄsvegur 9, IS-108 ReykjavĂk, Iceland |
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| Macdonald, R., Navarro, J. M., Upton, B. G. J., & Davies, G. R. (1994). Strong compositional zonation in peralkaline magma: Menengai, Kenya Rift Valley. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 60(3-4), 301-325. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(94)90057-4
Leat, P. T. (1991). Volcanological development of the Nakuru area of the Kenya rift valley. Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East), 13(3-4), 483-498. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(91)90111-B
Leat, P. T. (1985). Facies variations in peralkaline ash-flow tuffs from the Kenya Rift Valley. Geological magazine, 122(2), 139-150. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800031046
Leat, P. T. (1984). Geological evolution of the trachytic caldera volcano Menengai, Kenya Rift Valley. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(6), 1057-1069. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.6.1057
Leat, P. T., MacDonald, R., & Smith, R. L. (1984). Geochemical evolution of the Menengai caldera volcano, Kenya. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8571-8592. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08571
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McCall, G. J. H. (1967). Geology of the Nakuru-Thomson's Falls-Lake Hannington area. Rep. Geol. Surv. Kenya, 78, 122. |
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| Jennings, D. J. (1971). Geology of the Molo area. Report. Geological Survey of Kenya, 86. |
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| Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
King, B. C., Le Bas, M. J., & Sutherland, D. S. (1972). The history of the alkaline volcanoes and intrusive complexes of eastern Uganda and western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 128(2), 173-205. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.128.2.0173
Baker, B. H., Williams, L. A. J., Miller, J. A., & Fitch, F. J. (1971). Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11(3), 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
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| Williams, L. A. J. (1991). Geology of the Mau area. Report, Geological Survey of Kenya, 96. |
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| Wright, J. B. (1967). Geology of the Narok area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 80.
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| Thompson, A. O. (1964). Geology of the Kijabe area. Geol. Surv. Kenya Rept, 67.
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| Black, S., Macdonald, R., Barreiro, B. A., Dunkley, P. N., & Smith, M. (1998). Open system alkaline magmatism in northern Kenya: evidence from U-series disequilibria and radiogenic isotopes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 131(4), 364-378. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050398
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| Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., Allen, D. J., & Darling, W. G. (1993). The geothermal activity and geology of the northern sector of the Kenya Rift Valley.
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
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| Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105. |
|
Madagascar | |
- Ambatofinandrahana District
- Ambatofinandrahana Commune
| Rasoamalala, V., Salvi, S., BĂ©ziat, D., Ursule, J.-Ph., Cuney, M., de Parseval, Ph., Guillaume, D., Moine, B., Andriamampihantona, J. (2014) Geology of bastnaesite and monazite deposits in the Ambatofinandrahana area, central part of Madagascar: An overview. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 94. 128-140 doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2013.11.009 |
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| Lacroix, Alfred (1915) La bastnaésite et la tscheffkinite de Madagascar ; le mode de gisement des fluocarbonates ; pseudomorphoses d'origine pneumatolytique dans les granites alcalins. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 38 (3) 106-125 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1915.3609
Lacroix, Alfred (1915) La bastnaésite et la tscheffkinite de Madagascar ; le mode de gisement des fluocarbonates ; pseudomorphoses d'origine pneumatolytique dans les granites alcalins. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 38 (3) 106-125 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1915.3609 |
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| Rasoamalala, V., Salvi, S., BĂ©ziat, D., Ursule, J.-Ph., Cuney, M., de Parseval, Ph., Guillaume, D., Moine, B., Andriamampihantona, J. (2014) Geology of bastnaesite and monazite deposits in the Ambatofinandrahana area, central part of Madagascar: An overview. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 94. 128-140 doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2013.11.009 |
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| Lacroix, Alfred (1915) Sur un nouveau minéral (ambatoarinite) de Madagascar. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 38 (6) 265-271 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1915.3628 |
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| Mukosi, Ndivhuwo Cecilia (2012) Petrogenesis of the Ambohiby Complex, Madagascar and the role of the Marion Hotspot Plume. M.Sc. thesis, Stellenbosch University. |
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| Das Institut fĂŒr Edelstein prĂŒfung (EPI) (2021) "Nebula Stein" & "Kambaba Stein" ["Nebula stone" and Kambaba Stone"]. http://www.epigem.de/index.php/informationen/neue-schmucksteine/75-nebulastone-kabamba-eldarit.html. |
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| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871
De Saint Ours, Jacques (1960) Etudes geologiques dans l'extreme nord de Madagascar et L'Archipel des Comores. RĂ©publique Malgache, MinistĂšre de lâEconomie National -Service GĂ©ologique , Tananarive. p.1-272.
De Saint Ours, Jacques (1960) Etudes geologiques dans l'extreme nord de Madagascar et L'Archipel des Comores. RĂ©publique Malgache, MinistĂšre de lâEconomie National -Service GĂ©ologique , Tananarive. p.1-272.
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694.
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| Guillaume Estrade (2014). Le complexe cĂ©nozoĂŻque alcalin dâAmbohimirahavavy Ă Madagascar: origine, Ă©volution et minĂ©ralisations en mĂ©taux rares (Doctoral dissertation, UniversitĂ© Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier).
Donnot, Maurice (1963) Les complexes intrisifs alcalins d'Ampasindava volcanisme et cristallin de l'Ankaizina (Madagascar) Annales géologiques du Service des mines, 33. 81-87
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694. |
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| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
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| Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Donnot, Maurice (1963) Les complexes intrisifs alcalins d'Ampasindava volcanisme et cristallin de l'Ankaizina (Madagascar) Annales géologiques du Service des mines, 33. 81-87
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Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694.
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694. |
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| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
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| Knut Edvard Larsen collection ( # M-796) |
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| Besaire, Henri (1934) Notice explicative sur la Feuille Nosy-Be RS-32,33 (330). Carte Geologique de Reconnaissance a l'echelle du 200000, Gouvernement General de Madagascar et Dependences.
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- Befandriana Nord District
| Clark, A. M. (1993) Hey's Mineral Index - Mineral Species, Varieties and Synonyms (3rd ed.) Natural History Museum, London.
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Lacroix, Alfred (1923) MinĂ©ralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. SociĂ©tĂ© d'Ăditions GĂ©ographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. |
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| Le Maitre, R. W. - Ed. (2002) Igneous Rocks - A Classification and Glossary of Terms (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535581
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Besaire, Henri (1971) Feuille 2. Antalaha. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
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Malawi | |
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| Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
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| ZIEGLER, U. F. (1992). Preliminary results of geochemistry, Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr studies of post-Karoo carbonatite complexes in Southern Africa. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 141-148.
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Garson, M.S. &. Morgan, D.J. 1978. Secondary strontianite at Kangankunde carbonatite complex, Malawi. Transactions, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, 87B, 70-73. |
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| Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
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Woolley, Alan R., Platt, R. Garth (1988) The Peralkaline Nepheline Syenites of the Junguni Intrusion, Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 52 (367) 425-433 doi:10.1180/minmag.1988.052.367.01
Woolley, A. R., & Jones, G. C. (1987). The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30(1), 335-355. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.16
Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16). |
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| Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Kreuger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., and Woolley, A.R. (1995): Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Journal Afr. Earth Sci. 20, 275-288. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-W
Woolley, A. R., & Jones, G. C. (1987). The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30(1), 335-355. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.16
Woolley, Alan R., Garth Platt, R. (1986) The mineralogy of nepheline syenite complexes from the northern part of the Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (358) 597-610 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.358.05
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Vail, J. R., & Mallick, D. I. J. (1965). The Mongolowe Hills nepheline-syenite ring-complex, southern Malawi. Rec. geol. Surv. Malawi, 3, 49-60.
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Garson, M. S. (1960). The geology of the Lake Chilwa area (No. 12). Government Printer.
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Vail, J. R., & Monkman, L. J. (1960). A geological reconnaissance survey of the Chaone Hill ring complex, southern Nyasaland. South African Journal of Geology, 63(1), 119-135. |
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| Eby, G.N., Roden-Tice, M., Kreuger, H.L., Ewing, W., Faxon, E.H., and Woolley, A.R. (1995): Geochronology and cooling history of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Journal Afr. Earth Sci. 20, 275-288. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(95)00054-W
Woolley, A. R., & Jones, G. C. (1987). The petrochemistry of the northern part of the Chilwa alkaline province, Malawi. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 30(1), 335-355. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.030.01.16
Woolley, Alan R., Garth Platt, R. (1986) The mineralogy of nepheline syenite complexes from the northern part of the Chilwa Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (358) 597-610 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.358.05
Cahen, L., & Snelling, N. J. (1966). The geochronology of equatorial Africa. North-Holland Publishing Company.
Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16). |
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| Platt, R. G., Wall, F., Williams, C. T., Woolley, A. R. (1987) Zirconolite, chevkinite and other rare earth minerals from nepheline syenites and peralkaline granites and syenites of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 51 (360) 253-263 doi:10.1180/minmag.1987.051.360.07
Platt, R. Garth, Woolley, Alan R. (1986) The mafic mineralogy of the peralkaline syenites and granites of the Mulanje complex, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (355) 85-99 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.355.12
Garson, M. S., & Walshaw, R. D. (1969). The geology of the Mlanje area. Bulletin, Geological Survey of Malawi, 21.
Van der Post, L. (1957). Venture into the Interior. Penguin Books.
Dixey, F. (1927). The Mlanje Mountains of Nyasaland. Geographical Review, 17(4), 611-626. doi.org/10.2307/208001
pdfs.semanticscholar.org (n.d.) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8543/4bac56889ec26ceb38473c1e81e904df30e7.pdf |
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| Wooley (2001) |
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| Garson, M. S., & Walshaw, R. D. (1969). The geology of the Mlanje area. Bulletin, Geological Survey of Malawi, 21. |
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| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REEâDatabase and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0
Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0
Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2.
Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2. |
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| Guastoni, A., & Pezzotta, F. (2007). REE-mineral phases replacing helvite, niobian-rutile, bastnÀsite-(Ce) from alkaline pegmatites of Mount Malosa, Zomba District, Malawi. Granitic Pegmatites: the State of the Art. Memorias, 8, 42-43.
Cairncross, Bruce (2002) Aegirine and Associated Minerals from Mount Malosa, Malawi. Rocks & Minerals, 77 (1) 31-37 doi:10.1080/00357529.2002.9926653
Betts, John (n.d.) John Betts website listing.
Cairncross, B., Messner, K, Farquharson, E. (1999) Die Pegmatite des Mount Malosa bei Zomba, Malawi. Lapis, 24 (4) 22-32
Mineralogical Record (1997) 28:64
American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1216â1222, 2009 |
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| ReÄnik, A. (2010): Eine mineralogische Expedition zum Mt.Malosa, Malawi. Mineralien Welt, 22 (6): 78-97 |
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| ReÄnik, A. (2010): Eine mineralogische Expedition zum Mt.Malosa, Malawi. Mineralien Welt, 22 (6): 78-97 |
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| ReÄnik, A. (2010): Eine mineralogische Expedition zum Mt.Malosa, Malawi. Mineralien Welt, 22 (6): 78-97 |
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| Bloomfield, K. (1965). The geology of the Zomba area. Geological Survey Dept. Bulletin, (16).
Garson, M. S. (1960). The geology of the Lake Chilwa area (No. 12). Government Printer. |
|
Somaliland | |
|
| Mineralogical Magazine 1964 33 : 1057-1065. |
|
South Africa | |
- Fezile Dabi District Municipality
| Verwoerd W,J. Weder E,E,W., and Harmer, R.E., (1993) The Stukpan carbonatite in the Orange Free State Goldfield. S. Afr J. Geol., 96 (3), 108-118 |
- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
| Wilson, M. G. C., Anhaeusser, C. R. 1998. The Mineral Resources of South Africa, Handbook 16. Council for Geoscience, 740 p. |
- King Cetshwayo District Municipality
| USGS Open File report 02-189 |
- Mopani District Municipality
- Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
| Heinrich, E. (1970) The Palabora Carbonatitic Complex - a Unique Copper Deposit. Can Mineral 10:585-598 |
- Sekhukhune District Municipality
- Makhuduthamaga Local Municipality
| Strauss C. A., and Truter F. C., (1950) Post-Bushveld ultrabasic, alkali and carbonatitic eruptives at Magnet Heights, Sekukuniland, Eastern Transvaal. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 53: 169-90 |
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| Harmer, R. E. (1999). The petrogenetic association of carbonatite and alkaline magmatism: constraints from the Spitskop Complex, South Africa. Journal of Petrology, 40(4), 525-548.
USGS Open-File Report 02â156âA |
- Bojanala Platinum District Municipality
- Moses Kotane Local Municipality
- Pilanesberg Alkaline Ring Complex
| Dal Bo, F., Friis, H., Elburg, M. A., Hatert, F., Andersen, T. (2024) Pilanesbergite: a new rock-forming mineral occurring in nepheline syenite from the Pilanesberg Alkaline Complex, South Africa. European Journal of Mineralogy, 36 (1) 73-85 doi:10.5194/ejm-36-73-2024 |
|
Tanzania | |
|
| Journal of Conference Abstracts , Volume 2 Number 1 , vsg - Minsoc '97, http://www.the-conference.com/JConfAbs/2/26.html |
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| Mattsson, H. B., & Reusser, E. (2010). Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of ashes from an early phase of the explosive September 2007 eruption of Oldoinyo Lengai (Tanzania). Journal of African Earth Sciences, 58(5), 752-763.
Dawson, J. B. (1998). Peralkaline nepheliniteânatrocarbonatite relationships at Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania. Journal of Petrology, 39(11-12), 2077-2094. |
|
Uganda | |
|
| Sutherland, D.S. (1969). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
|
| Sutherland, D.S. (1969). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
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| Sutherland, D.S. (1969). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
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| Sutherland, D.S. (1969). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135. |
Mount Malosa, Zomba, Southern Region, Malawi