	Hartley, Adrian J., Rice, Clive M. (2005) Controls on supergene enrichment of porphyry copper deposits in the Central Andes: A review and discussion. Mineralium Deposita, 40 (5) 515-525 doi:10.1007/s00126-005-0017-7	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	between 17 and 27S across the forearc of northern Chile and southern Peru from 44 to 6 Ma, and on the Bolivian...directly dated (southern Peru and south of 26S in Chile) and suggest formation post 14 Ma. Sedimentological...is unlikely to be widely applicable in northern Chile. General models that involve climatic desiccation...northern Chile, host some of the world’s largest porphyry copper deposits (e.g. Chuquicamata and La Escondida;...hyperaridity at 14 Ma in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile and southern Peru is not supported by sedimentological
	*Camus, F., Dilles, J. H. (2001) A Special Issue Devoted to Porphyry Copper Deposits of Northern Chile. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 233-237 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.233*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	of Northern Chile Preface FRANCISCO CAMUS † Codelco-Chile, Huérfanos 1270, Santiago, Chile AND JOHN H...University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Introduction Chile is known worldwide as the site of one of the largest...the three largest of all, El Teniente, Río Blanco-Los Bronces, and Chuquicamata (Fig. 1), all containing...production of more than 50 Mt of fine copper. Currently, Chile annually produces about 4.6 Mt of fine copper that...exploration efforts in the Central Andes with emphasis in Chile. During the past 25 years, exploration expenditures
	Mote, T. I., Becker, T. A., Renne, P., Brimhall, G. H. (2001) Chronology of Exotic Mineralization at El Salvador, Chile, by 40Ar/39Ar Dating of Copper Wad and Supergene Alunite. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 351-366 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.351	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	351–366 Chronology of Exotic Mineralization at El Salvador, Chile, by 40Ar/39Ar Dating of Copper Wad and Supergene...copper deposit. At the El Salvador porphyry copper deposit in northern Chile the majority of the exotic...cryptomelane [K1-2(Mn3+Mn4+)8O16 • xH2O] and birnessite [K0.33Mn3.9+ 7 O14 • 7H2O] structures. These...cryptomelane and birnessite samples from exotic deposits within the El Salvador district were characterized...formation. Although the Ar retentivity of the layered birnessite structure has been questioned by others, the
	Bouzari, Farhad, Clark, Alan H. (2002) Anatomy, Evolution, and Metallogenic Significance of the Supergene Orebody of the Cerro Colorado Porphyry Copper Deposit, I Región, Northern Chile. Economic Geology, 97 (8) 1701-1740 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.97.8.1701	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Colorado Porphyry Copper Deposit, I Región, Northern Chile FARHAD BOUZARI† AND ALAN H. CLARK Department of...the initiation of the Incaic orogeny in northern Chile. An age of 35.26 ± 0.68 (2σ) Ma for alunite associated...Evidence from Cerro Colorado and elsewhere in northern Chile (e.g., Spence and Angelina) confirms that Paleocene...deposits emplaced along the Domeyko fault system (e.g., El Salvador) may similarly have been upgraded during...the giant deposits of the younger belt, e.g., Chuquicamata and Escondida, resulted in stronger and more
	*Newberg, Donald W. (1967) Geochemical implications of chrysocolla-bearing alluvial gravels. Economic Geology, 62 (7) 932-956 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.62.7.932*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Emerald Isle • and Jerome,2 Arizona and at Chuquicamata,Chile are of considerableinterest, In the latter... . . CHUQUICAMATA, CHILE Chuquicamata is locatedin the provinceof Antofagasta,Northern Chile, approximately150...and is about 100 km west of the border between Chile and Bolivia, which follows the crest of the Andean...one suchvalley. The petrologyof the rocksin the mine area hasbeendescribed by Taylor (44) and Renzetti...Primary vein and disseminatedmineralizationin the Chuquicamata granodiorite porphyryhasbeenprofoundly influenced
	*(1978) September - October 1978. The Mineralogical Record* Vol. 9 (5) The Mineralogical Record, Inc.**	Journal (issue)
	Feature articles Kammererite from the Kop Krom mine, Kop Daglari, Turkey .............................J. F. Poullen Famous Mineral Localities: Chuquicamata, Chile ........... 321 by Robert B. Cook Departments...Record Inc. COVER: KAMMERERITE from the Kop Krom mine, Kop Daglari, Turkey. The crystals, from the collection...(Columbiana, Alabama). The owner o f the fine Old Yuma mine vanadinite pictured on page 195 is Ray DeMark; Ray...y 270 W est n e a r A n im al W o n d erlan d . T el. 501-767-4800 Hot Springs, Arkansas The M ineralogical
	*Bridge, P. J., Pryce, M. W., Clarke, R. M., Costello, M. B. (1978) Sampleite from Jingemia Cave, Western Australia. Mineralogical Magazine, 42 (323) 369-371 doi:10.1180/minmag.1978.042.323.07*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	and manganese-oxide-coated friable quartz rock. Birnessite, halite, dolomite, taranakite, todorokite, apatire...identified from the quartz cavities or as crusts are birnessite, halite, dolomite, taranakite, todorokite, apatite...Sampleite was originally described from Chuquicamata, Chile by Hurlbut (I942) associated with gypsum...limonite. It is also reported from Mantos Blancos, Chile, with atacamite, chrysocolla, copper carbonate,...Alice Mary Copper Mine at Kundip, High Range on Lyndon Station, Bali Low Copper Mine in the Capricorn
	*Clopton, E. L., Wilson, W. E. (1996) The Mineralogical Record Index* - Volumes I - XXV 1970 - 1994. Mineralogical Record Inc.**	Book
	On a spectacular find of crocoite in the Adelaide mine, Dundas, Tasmania (by A. H. Chapman) 3:111-113 ADOLFSSON...AJO Famous mineral localities: the New Cornelia mine, Ajo, Arizona (by W. J. Thomas & R. B. Gibbs) 14:283-298...ALLEN, GEORGE B. --and W. Hunt: The Tonopah-Belmont mine, Maricopa County, Arizona 19:139-144 ALLGOOD, GENNE...Allgood, C. Williams: Ramsdellite from the Mistake mine [Arizona] 14:333-335 ALLGOOD, ROBERT W. -with G...the Mistake mine [Arizona] 14:333-335 ALMA Famous mineral localities: the Home Sweet Home mine, [near Alma
	*Chukanov, Nikita V. (2014) Infrared spectra of mineral species* Vol. 1 - Springer Geochemistry/Mineralogy. Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7128-4**	Book (volume)
	Lavrion, Greece (6) and Cu-poor adamite from Ojuela mine, Mexico (7) IR spectra of acid salts (silicates...Locality: Salar de Carcote deposit, El Loa province, Antofagasta, Chile. Description: Colourless crystal...borax deposit, Salar del Hombre Muerto, Salta province, Argentina (type locality). Description: Colourless...Bandylite 27 CuB(OH)4F Locality: Palestina, Atacama, Chile. Description: Blue crystals from the association...Arsenato-Borates Sussexite 29 Mn2+BO2(OH) Locality: Gonzen mine, Sargans, St. Gallen, Switzerland. Description:
	Kidder, J.A., Voinot, A., Leybourne, M.I., Layton-Matthews, D., Bowell, R.J. (2021) Using stable isotopes of Cu, Mo, S, and 87Sr/86Sr in hydrogeochemical mineral exploration as tracers of porphyry and exotic copper deposits. Applied Geochemistry, 128. 104935pp. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.104935	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Cu–Mo porphyry and exotic prospect (Atacama region, Chile) were analyzed for major and trace elements, along...elements Stable isotopes Non-traditional isotopes Chile Atacama 1. Introduction The Picaron Cu–Mo porphyry...are located approximately 100 km north-east of the El Salvador Cu–Mo porphyry and within the Atacama region’s...region’s hyper-arid desert climate in northern Chile (Fig. 1). A notable characteristic is thick accumulations...activities (2014–2019) in the wider Greater Victoria District (GVD) were undertaken by First Quantum Minerals
	*Back, Malcolm E., Mandarino, Joseph A. (2008) Fleischer's Glossary of Mineral Species 2008. The Mineralogical Record, Inc.*	Book (edition)
	ACGAEC Acra del XV Co11greso Geologico Argentino, El Ca/afate ACSc Acta Clremica Sca11di11a1•ica AE... of CanadaFinal Program and Abstracts Geochimica el Cosmochimica Acta Geologiska Fore11i11ge11S i Stockholm...Cand CSPG Pennskiye gubemskiye wdomo.sti (Perm district ga=elle) Pl,ilosopl,ical Maga=ine Periodico de...Abernathyitc, K[(UO 2 )(AsO,)](HP) 3, tet., Fumerole No. 2 mine, Temple Mountain. on the southeast flank of the...104(3). 326-328 □ Achavnlitc, FcSe, hex .. Cacheuta Mine. Ccrro de Cacheuta. Sierra de Cacheuta. Mcndoza
	*Nickel, Ernest H., Nichols, Monte C. (1991) Mineral Reference Manual. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.*	Book
	symbols are used: E — approved by the CNMMN [1466]; El — discredited by the CNMMN [248]; E — “Grandfather”...K(U02)As043H20, Tet. Vitreous yellow. Fuemrole mine, Temple Mt., Emery Co., Utah, USA. H= 2-3, Djjj=...brownish-yellow, green, white, etc. Chanarcillo, Chile. H= 3.5, Djj4= 4.434, Dq= 4.45, VHB 04. Friedel...grey, bluish-grey, yellow, light green. Langban mine, Filipstad (near), Varmland, Sweden. H= 5, Djjj=3...5As30ig, E Rhom. Translucent blue-green. Terres mine*, St. Ausdell, Cornwall, England and/or Johanngeorgenstadt
	*Pracejus, Bernhard - Ed.* (2014) The Ore Minerals Under the Microscope (2nd ed.) Elsevier. doi:10.1016/c2012-0-01360-9**	Book (edition)
	Titanite Atacamite Hercynite Oxyplumboroméite Birnessite Linarite Joaquinite-(Ce) Scheelite Annabergite... Mineral Descriptions Molybdenite in Graphite; Bogala Mine, Sri Lanka 51 Copper, native Synonym(s): Cuivre...of cuprite (bluish grey); North Mine (North Broken Hill Mine; NBH Mine), Broken Hill, Yancowinna Co.,...(red internal reflections); Madenköy Mine, Çayeli, Rize Province, Black Sea Region, Turkey (sample: Halbach);...(greenish grey; arg); Monte Narba Mine, San Vito, Cagliari Province, Sardinia, Italy; PPL B Same sample
	*Blackburn, William H., Dennen, William H. (1997) Encyclopedia of Mineral Names* - Special Publication No. 1. The Canadian Mineralogist, Ottawa.**	Book
	1000° Mots inc. Native Gold on Quartz, Paymaster mine, South Porcupine, Ontario / Photo by Brian Boyle...Marquis imprimeur inc. Barite on Quartz, Rock Candy mine, Grand Forks, British Columbia / Photo by Ken Mayer...Mayer Publisher Pyromorphite, Society Girl mine, Moyie, British Columbia / Photo by Ken Mayer Mineralogical... Ontario Canada Diopside on Grossular, Jeffrey mine, Asbestos, Quebec / Photo by Jeffrey A. Scovil...The Canadian Mineralogist 2 val ( ew ‘ )) AT “EL aye ia a ae daaYepAoNpte Nee Y ; Limonite, Eldorado
	Dill, Harald G., Weber, Berthold, Botz, Reiner (2013) Metalliferous duricrusts ("orecretes") – markers of weathering: A mineralogical and climatic-geomorphological approach to supergene Pb-Zn-Cu-Sb-P mineralization on different parent materials. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen: Journal of Mineralogy and Geoche, 190 (2) 123-195 doi:10.1127/0077-7757/2013/0235	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	and vanadocrete (vanadate). Panczner 1987 Tajo Mine, Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico Panczner...Baumgarten et al. 2008 Dill et al. 1997a Cajamarca Province Peru Palache et al. 1951 Malpelo Island, Colombia...Agua Shuca Cerro Blanco El Salvador Schneider 1958; Cazañas et al. 2003 El Cobre Cuba Camprubí et...Maksaev et al. 2007; Singer et al. 2008 Tarapaca Chile Cu porphyry-type Cu volcanicBouzari & Clark 2002;...Maksaev et al. 2007; Singer et al. 2008 Arica Chile Zn-(Bb-Ba) non-sulfidic/ Soares Monteiro et al
	*(1990) Stratabound Ore Deposits in the Andes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-88282-1*	Book
	Universidad de Concepci6n Casilla 4107 Concepci6n, Chile ISBN 978-3-642-88284-5 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-88282-1.... . . . 37 The Metalliferous Ore Deposits of Chile and Argentina, and Their Geologic Framework J. Oyarzun.... . . . . . . . . . . 147 X Contents El Aguilar Mine: An Ordovician Sediment-Hosted Stratiform Lead-Zinc...Sulfides in the Greenstone Belt of South-Central Chile - An Overview G. Alfaro and S. Callao . . . . ....Formation and Massive Sulfide Orebodies, South-Central Chile: Geologic and Isotopic Aspects S. Callao, G. Alfaro
	*Bernard, Jan, Hyršl, Jaroslav (2004) Minerals and their Localities* (1st ed.) Granit, Prague.**	Book (edition)
	Linopolis, Brazil, H Page 13: Gold, 35 mm.Eagle's est Mine, California, G Publi!>hed by Grdllit.u.o. Stefanikova43...expressed in abbreviations: Rep. (republic), prov. (province), co. (county), munic. (municipio), pref. (prefecture)...dept. (departement), dept. (departamento), dist. (district). Less common terms are not abbreviated, e.g....canton (Switzerland), vilayet (Turkey), region (Chile), kray and oblast (Russia). The country names are...the revolution in 1997. Its mineral rich Katanga province was renamed Shaba by Mobutu, and is now the Katanga
	*(2001) Journal of the Russell Society* Vol. 7 (2) The Russell Society**	Journal (issue)
	Braithwaite and JI. Wilson 87 Rosiaite from Bwlch mine, Deganwy, Conwy, Wales C; Ryback and J G. Francis... D.I. Green and G. Ry back Raspite from Carrock mine, Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England: a first British...Neall and D.I. Green Vesignieite from Castletown mine, Lochgilphead, Argyll and Bute, a first Scottish... particularly in Cornwall, Devon and the Lake District. (See obituaries: Embrey, 1973a, IlJ73b. See also...Hanley's name added to papers dealing with Lake District minerals). Kingsbury himself, howe~er, carried
	Quang, C. X., Clark, A. H., W. Lee, J. K., Hawkes, N. (2005) Response of Supergene Processes to Episodic Cenozoic Uplift, PedimentErosion, and Ignimbrite Eruption in the Porphyry Copper Province of Southern Peru. Economic Geology, 100 (1) 87-114 doi:10.2113/100.1.0087	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	and Ignimbrite Eruption in the Porphyry Copper Province of Southern Perú CHAN X. QUANG, ALAN H. CLARK...through field mapping to the Cerro Verde-Santa Rosa district (ca. 16° 30' S). The 40Ar-39Ar incremental-heating...probably active in the Cuajone-Quellaveco-Toquepala district. Slow erosion and the accumulation of clastic... the new age data confirm that, as in northern Chile, semiarid climatic conditions prevailed along much...early Oligocene porphyry copper belt of northern Chile, which underwent supergene upgrading over relatively
	*Roberts, Willard Lincoln, Rapp, George Robert Jr., Weber, Julius (1974) Encyclopedia of Minerals* (1st ed.) Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.**	Book (edition)
	Vesuvius, Italy (12, column 2) and SEMSEYITE, Julcani mine, Huancavelica, Peru (#3, column 2). Color, page...coating fractures in sandstone at the Fuernrol No. 2 mine, Temple Mountain, Emery County, Utah; also sparsely...Pelican Dives rnine , Silver Plun1e district, and at the Little Emma mine, Clear Creek County; at the Enterprise...Juab County, and with austinite at the Gold Hill mine, Tooele County, Utal1; in Inyo, San Bernardino,...Simon mine, Mineral AENIGMATITE County , Nevada. Magnificent specimens occur at the Ojuela mine, Mapimi
	*Roberts, Willard Lincoln, Campbell, Thomas J., Rapp, George Robert Jr. (1990) Encyclopedia of Minerals* (2nd ed.) Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.**	Book (edition)
	Morocco; (center, left) wulfenite, San Francisco mine, Sonora, Mexico; (center) ameihyst, Veracruz, Mexico;...rnodochrosite, N’Chwaning mine, South Africa; (lower left, center) wulfenite, Red Cloud mine, Arizona; (lower...Pe Wr * se vat © C6 tad GAa Snive Sr Certain Mine (ax agry wh Oe ee — SS 4 eae wid Bharce ©...TY EP ie is eet i fro 7 tin tas o/iotewy” el ry: ae ~“ytivee Pahaiecl apeaivent 7 1d sadinee...ye ty a ara id (ean ® “1 le hI AAP : oo A Mine seh Ranier “i i : lever vei ekealps ; cet
	*Roberts, Willard Lincoln, Campbell, Thomas J., Rapp, George Robert Jr. (1990) Encyclopedia of Minerals* (2nd ed.) Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.**	Book (edition)
	Morocco; (center, left) wulfen ite San Francisco mine, Sonora, Mexico; (center) amethyst, Veracruz, Mexico;...Mountains, Utah; (lower le ft) rhodochrosite, N'Chwaning mine, Sou th A frica; {lower left, center) wulfenite...coating fractures in sandstone at the Fuemrol No. 2 mine, Temple Mountain, Emery County, Utah; also sparsely...Silver Plume district, and at the Little Emma mine, Clear Creek County; at the Enterprise mine, Dolores County;...lode, Summit County, and in the Cripple Creek district. It is also found in Canada; Mexico; Bolivia;
	*(2004) Theme 4: The earth’s surface. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 68 (11) 449-488 doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.010*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	and groundwater sampling techniques. The Salair mine has been working since the 1930’s, and at present...the active tailings impoundment Talabre, Chuquicamata, Chile Mercury speciation in waters of Wanshan...Seguridad, Calidad y Ambiente, Division Chuquicamata, Chile (mkobek@gwsmtp.codelco.cl) A study of the...Talabre tailings impoundment from the Chuquicamata porphyry copper mine, Atacama desert, give indications...China (Xinbin.feng@mail.gyig.ac.cn) Wanshan mercury mine located in east of Guizhou is the biggest one in
	*(2013) Romanian Journal of Mineral Deposits* Vol. 86 (2) Institutul Geologic al României**	Journal (issue)
	Metaliferi Mts. 15 4. Baia Mare metallogenic district 64 5. Other sources of native gold from Romania...metal gold pans, as well as a replica of the famous mine carriage which is considered to be the oldest of...unit. For instance, in BradSăcărâmb metallogenic district, the Au:Ag ratio is relatively uniform (45% to...hierarchical metallogenic criterion: province, subprovince, district, sector, field/ node (Fig. 2) . 7...relevant metallogenic units (node, field, sector, district) were made. For samples sourced abroad, a summary
	*Robb, Laurence (2005) Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.*	Book
	particular assemblage of deposit types. • Metallogenic Province: a region characterized by a particular assemblage...Supergene/exotics El Salvador La Escondida/ Chuquicamata Carlin Skaergaard Hishikari El Laco Orange River...be utilized in issues such as the control of acid mine drainage, and soil and erosion management. Mining...the Earth. The world’s deepest mine, the Western Deep Levels gold mine near Johannesburg, South Africa...Naldrett, 1989a). komatiites of the Kambalda mining district in Western Australia (see Box 1.5) and elsewhere

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Birnessite from Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chile

Birnessite from
Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chile