	(1997) Sedimentary carbonate-hosted giant Bayan Obo REE-Fe-Nb ore deposit of Inner Mongolia, China; a cornerstone example for giant polymetallic ore deposits of hydrothermal origin. Bulletin Vol. 2143. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b2143	Report (volume)
	Carbonate-Hostjed Giant Bayan Obo REE-Fe-Nb Ore Deposit of Inner ~vtongolia, China: A Cornerstone Example...made possible b_v the U.S.!People 's Republic of China Earth Sciences Protocol between the Academy of Geological...the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources of China and the U.S. Geological Suney, Department of the...Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr. • Salt Lake City, Utah-2222 West, 2300 South • Spokane, Washington-Rm. 135...135, U.S. Post Office Building, 904 West Riverside Ave. • Washington, D.C.-Rm. 2650, Main Interior Bldg
	*(2023) Barytocalcite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America*	Report (issue)
	calcite, strontianite, siderite, alstonite, benstonite, witherite, norsethite, fluorite, sphalerite...quartz. Distribution: In England, from the Bleagill mine, Alston, Cumbria, and at Holwell, Mendip Hills,...Somerset. From Llantrisant, Wales. In the Himmelsfürst mine, Freiberg, Saxony, Germany. At Střibro, Czech Republic...massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia. At the Ediacara mine, west of Beltana, and from north of Angaston, Mount...Australia. From the Bayan Obo Fe–Nb–RE deposit, 130 km north of Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China. On the Rough
	Pirajno, Franco (2015) Intracontinental anorogenic alkaline magmatism and carbonatites, associated mineral systems and the mantle plume connection. Gondwana Research, 27 (3) 1181-1216 doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.09.008	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	the present paper, with the exception of the Bayan Obo carbonatite, I have used examples of anorogenic...controversial Bayan Obo in northern China and the carbonatites of the Mianning–Dechang belt in SW China. It is...Australia (Mount Weld and Gifford complex) and China (Bayan Obo and the carbonatites of the Mianning–Dechang...Age data from Brandberg, Erongo, Gifford Creek, Bayan Obo and Maoniuping. Igneous Cx Rock/mineral dated...Gifford Creek ferrocarbonatite cx Bayan Obo Maoniuping REE deposit; Mianning–Dechang belt Ar/39Ar 40
	Pirajno, Franco, Santosh, M. (2014) Rifting, intraplate magmatism, mineral systems and mantle dynamics in central-east Eurasia: An overview. Ore Geology Reviews, 63. 265-295 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.05.014	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Resources, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 CE P Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China AC Corresponding...Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), and the Tarim-North China* cratonic blocks. This is followed by a discussion...associated with zoned mafic-ultramafic intrusions in NW China, and alkaline-peralkaline complexes, carbonatites...extends east of the Ural mountains (Uralides) in the west to the coast of the Pacific Ocean in the east, encompassing...encompassing Siberia (sensu lato), NW and NE China and Mongolia, north of and excluding the Alpine-Himalayan
	*Mitchell, R. H. (2005) CARBONATITES AND CARBONATITES AND CARBONATITES. The Canadian Mineralogist, 43 (6) 2049-2068 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.43.6.2049*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	occurrences, e.g., Bulhoek (South Africa), Laiwu–Zibo (China; Ying et al. 2004), is that there really are no...have been described from the Maoniuping deposit (Sichuan, China) by Wang et al. (2001). At the Rock Boy...calcite carbonatite, Ba–Sr–Ca carbonatite or benstonite carbonatite, and phlogopite calcite carbonatite...Rock Canyon Creek (British Columbia), and Bayan Obo (China). Heinrich (1966) has been the principal advocate...been proposed for many of these deposits, e.g., Bayan Obo, some of which do not invoke any relationship
	Nikiforov, A.V., Yarmolyuk, V.V. (2019) Late Mesozoic carbonatite provinces in Central Asia: Their compositions, sources and genetic settings. Gondwana Research, 69. 56-72 doi:10.1016/j.gr.2018.11.014	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	heterochronous basements: Siberian (Aldan Shield) and North China cratons; Early Paleozoic (Caledonian) and Middle–Late...fold belt (Transbaikal and Tuva zones in Russia; Mongolia). Irrespective of the structural position, the...occupies the CE flanks of the Siberian and North China cratons, in addition to the Central Asian fold belt... such as the Siberian (Aldan Shield) and North China (Ordos–Shandong field) cratons, in addition to in...They are divided into two groups: calcite and benstonite (Konev et al., 1996; Vorob’ev, 2001; Vladykin
	*Vladykin, N.V. (2009) Potassium alkaline lamproite-carbonatite complexes: petrology, genesis, and ore reserves. Russian Geology and Geophysics, 50 (12) 1119-1128 doi:10.1016/j.rgg.2009.11.010*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	exemplified by the Murun and Bilibino massifs in West and Central Aldan. In these massifs, the entire...granites and unique residual calc-silicate rocks (benstonite Ba-Sr carbonatites and charoite rocks). Also...alkali granites and unique calc-silicate rocks (benstonite Ba-Sr carbonatites and charoite rocks). Intrusive...schlieren and veins of carbonatites (calcite, benstonite, and quartz-calcite) and charoite rocks. The...calc-silicate rocks in the Murun massif, with benstonite carbonatites and charoite rocks (Vladykin and
	Chakhmouradian, Anton R., Cooper, Mark A., Reguir, Ekaterina P., Moore, Meghan A. (2017) Carbocernaite from Bear Lodge, Wyoming: Crystal chemistry, paragenesis, and rare-earth fractionation on a microscale. American Mineralogist, 102 (6) 1340-1352 doi:10.2138/am-2017-6046	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada 2 4016 West Lennox Loop, Coeur d’Alene, Idaho 83815, U.S.A....was reported also from carbonatites at Weishan (China), Phan Si Pan (Vietnam), Khanneshin (Afganistan)...metasomatized REE-rich dolomite in the West mine of the Bayan Obo deposit, China (Zhang et al. 1995) and from miarolitic...(1982) examined the chemistry and structure of the Bayan Obo material and refined the formula to (Ca,Na)(Sr...compositions give cation totals as low as 1.93 (Bayan Obo: Zhang et al. 1995), and significant proportions
	*(2005) China. The Mineralogical Record* Vol. 36 (1) The Mineralogical Record, Inc.**	Journal (issue)
	CHINA THE MINERALOGICAL RECORD JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2005 • VOLUME 36 NUMBER 1 • $20 Wayne & Dona Leicht...Photo by Harold and Erica Van Pelt, Los Angles CHINA MINERALOGICAL RECORD, SPECIAL ISSUE I INTRODUCTION.......................................... 3 MINING IN CHINA Berthold Ottens .............................................................. 4 GEOLOGY OF CHINA Guanghua Liu ......................................................................... 17 DAOPING MINE Guanghua Liu and Berthold Ottens ..............
	Chakhmouradian, A.R., Mumin, A.H., Demény, A., Elliott, B. (2008) Postorogenic carbonatites at Eden Lake, Trans-Hudson Orogen (northern Manitoba, Canada): Geological setting, mineralogy and geochemistry. Lithos, 103 (3) 503-526 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2007.11.004	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	(EL) is situated approximately 175 km NW of the city of Thompson in northern Manitoba. The closest local...carbonatite, “West grid” EL05-14a Interstitial calcite in feldspar–clinopyroxene rock, “West grid” AC-5...19 8.32 −8.36 −8.55 7.82 7.75 “East grid” and “West grid” refer to the eastern and western parts of...metasomatized (REE–Sr–Ba–Nb-enriched) dolomites from Bayan Obo, China (Le Bas et al., 1992). The Eden Lake compositions...resemble 13C-depleted carbonatites from Siberia, China, Algeria and Finland; notably, these latter occurrences
	*Singh, Yamuna (2020) Rare Earth Element Resources: Indian Context. Springer International Publishing.*	Book
	market due to denial of material by countries, like China, which have large Rare Earth Element (REE) resources...Kerala, Maharashtra, Gujarat States and coastline of West Bengal are presented. REE-bearing minerals, monazite...concentrates. Cluster of one such stream placer deposit is under exploitation by AMD for the recovery of...carbonatite deposit, 7.36 million tonnes of ore has been estimated by M/s Ramgad Minerals and Mining Limited...Pradesh. In addition, pegmatites of the Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, also contain REE minerals. Where
	*Fejer, E. E. (1986) Thirty-fourth list of new mineral names. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (358) 741-761 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.358.28*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	German]. Both in the oxidation zone at Kamariza mining district nr. Laurion, Greece, as spherical aggregates...[Chinese with English summary]. At Beyun-Obo, Central Mongolia, China, as a radioactive, non-magnetic, partly...1984. Schweiz. Min. Pet. Mitt. 64, 11. At the Clara mine, nr. Oberwolfach, central Black Forest, W. Germany...119. At Dupezeh mtn., nr. Hero Town (420 m, 44 ~ west of south), QalaDizeh region, NE Iraq, in melilite...M. 50, 681. At the dumps of the disused Bambolla mine, Moctezuma, Sonora, Mexico, as monomineralic crusts
	*Nickel, Ernest H., Nichols, Monte C. (1991) Mineral Reference Manual. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.*	Book
	in southwestern Arizona. When used with a town or city this designation indicates the direction in which...Just, Perth, Australia; Richard Thomssen, Carson City, Nevada, USA; Peter Embrey, London, England; Jessie...K(U02)As043H20, Tet. Vitreous yellow. Fuemrole mine, Temple Mt., Emery Co., Utah, USA. H= 2-3, Djjj=...grey, bluish-grey, yellow, light green. Langban mine, Filipstad (near), Varmland, Sweden. H= 5, Djjj=3...5As30ig, E Rhom. Translucent blue-green. Terres mine*, St. Ausdell, Cornwall, England and/or Johanngeorgenstadt
	*(2005, February) The Backbender's Gazette* Vol. 36 (2) Houston Gem & Mineral Society**	Journal (issue)
	from land, sea, and air, and two different gold mining operations. Some of you may recall the Grand Door.............. 3 The Southern Illinois Fluorspar District ................................................the museum! R The Southern Illinois Fluorspar District by Art Smith Member of the Houston Gem & Mineral...Illinois Fluorspar district is a great example of what I am writing about. This district is by far the largest...largest specimen producing district in the state of Illinois and one of the largest and most important
	*Pirajno, Franco (2009) Hydrothermal Processes and Mineral Systems. Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8613-7*	Book
	at vii viii Foreword Peking University and China University of Geosciences and currently has honorary...University of New South Wales, Sydney, and the China University of Geosciences, Beijing. Franco Pirajno...Pacific, China, Greenland and Australia, he has integrated experience in tectonics, ore deposit geology... including the little known mineral systems in China, which Franco Pirajno weaves with a distillation...hospitality and support for the numerous field trips in China and their patience with the idiosyncrasies of a
	*Blackburn, William H., Dennen, William H. (1997) Encyclopedia of Mineral Names* - Special Publication No. 1. The Canadian Mineralogist, Ottawa.**	Book
	1000° Mots inc. Native Gold on Quartz, Paymaster mine, South Porcupine, Ontario / Photo by Brian Boyle...Marquis imprimeur inc. Barite on Quartz, Rock Candy mine, Grand Forks, British Columbia / Photo by Ken Mayer...Mayer Publisher Pyromorphite, Society Girl mine, Moyie, British Columbia / Photo by Ken Mayer Mineralogical... Ontario Canada Diopside on Grossular, Jeffrey mine, Asbestos, Quebec / Photo by Jeffrey A. Scovil...evolution of words; European language through Germanic, West Germanic nonetheless, the names of things — nouns
	Roe, Arthur, White, John S. Jr. (1976) A Catalog of the Type Specimens in the Mineral Collection, National Museum of Natural History. Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences 18. Smithsonian Institution Press	Report (issue)
	John S. White, Jr. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1976 18 cv \ ABSTRACT Roe, Arthur...W. T. Schaller, Afwillite NMNH 95237 Dutoitspan Mine, Kimber¬ ley, South Africa Dutoitspan Ammonioborite...(M. Vonsen, 1920) NMNH 106112 from the Hillside Mine, Yavapai County, Ari¬ L. G. Berry, 1947. Composition...Aluminocopiapite NMNH 93834 Island Mountain, Mountain, from Mine, Yavapai County, Arizona (L. J. Cabri, 1976) Island...the Jarosite American Mineralogist, 12:424-426. Mine, Cobalt, Ontario, Canada Copiapite Tus¬ See reference
	*(2017) Critical mineral resources of the United States—Economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply. Professional Paper* 1802. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/pp1802**	Report (issue)
	geology and global distribution of the mineral deposit types that account for the present and possible...tungsten, rare-earth elements, and antimony in China; niobium in Brazil; and platinum-group elements...potential environmental and health issues caused by the mining and processing of many mineral commodities may...the environmental considerations related to the mining of nonfuel mineral resources, including the modern...framework and development of geoenvironmental mineral-deposit models. vi Chapters C through V describe individual
	Hazen, Robert M., Hummer, Daniel R., Hystad, Grethe, Downs, Robert T., Golden, Joshua J. (2016) Carbon mineral ecology: Predicting the undiscovered minerals of carbon. American Mineralogist, 101 (4) 889-906 doi:10.2138/am-2016-5546	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	huntite [CaMg3(CO3)4] shannonite [Pb2O(CO3)] benstonite [Ba6Ca6Mg(CO3)13] beyerite [CaBi2O2(CO3)2] sahamalite-(Ce)...these as yet undiscovered phases may occur near coal mine fires or in other thermally altered coal deposits...aqueous alteration and oxidative weathering. The Clara Mine in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany (Bucher et al. 2009;...[CaZn(CO3)2] of the dolomite group. The nearby Kombat Mine (Innes and Chaplin 1986; Dunn 1991), though less...near dolostone. Unusual Mn carbonates at the Kombat Mine include the first known occurrence of holdawayite
	Dill, Harald G. (2010) The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits: Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium. Earth-Science Reviews, 100 (1) 1-420 doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.10.011	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	from the text by simply using the code of each deposit in the chart. This code can be created by combining... . . . . 3.4. Metamorphic chromium (gemstone) deposit . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5. Chromium supply and... . . . . . . . . 11.3. Structure-bound copper deposit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...present of mining and metallurgy of lead . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7.2. Past and present of mining and metallurgy...hampering our access to mineral deposits, such as mining depth controlled among others by the geothermal
	Dill, Harald G. (2010) The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits: Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium. Earth-Science Reviews, 100 (1) 1-420 doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.10.011	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	from the text by simply using the code of each deposit in the chart. This code can be created by combining... . . . . 3.4. Metamorphic chromium (gemstone) deposit . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5. Chromium supply and... . . . . . . . . 11.3. Structure-bound copper deposit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...present of mining and metallurgy of lead . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7.2. Past and present of mining and metallurgy...hampering our access to mineral deposits, such as mining depth controlled among others by the geothermal
	*Chukanov, Nikita V. (2014) Infrared spectra of mineral species* Vol. 1 - Springer Geochemistry/Mineralogy. Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7128-4**	Book (volume)
	group uramarsite discovered in the Bota-Burum U deposit, Southern Kazakhstan, was detected by characteristic...Lavrion, Greece (6) and Cu-poor adamite from Ojuela mine, Mexico (7) IR spectra of acid salts (silicates...rosenhahnite HCa3(HSi3O10) from the Bazhenovskoye deposit, Middle Urals observed in the range 1,700–3,200...Ca2B4O4(OH)7Cl·7H2O Locality: Salar de Carcote deposit, El Loa province, Antofagasta, Chile. Description:...Ameghinite NaB3O3(OH)4 Locality: Tincalayu borax deposit, Salar del Hombre Muerto, Salta province, Argentina
	*Cook, Robert B. (2007) Connoisseur's Choice Witherite: Fallowfield, Northumberland, England. Rocks & Minerals, 82 (3) 222-225 doi:10.3200/rmin.82.3.22-226*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	occurrences and the Illinois-Kentucky fluorite district. A fine witherite from Fallowfield, Northumberland...those of the fluorite-dominated Illinois-Kentucky district where fine witherite specimens have been found...No. 1, Ozark-Mahoning Nos. 1, 4, and 7, and the West Green mines of the general Cave-in-Rock subdistrict... Illinois (Grawe and Nackowski 1949). In this district, it occurs as a paragenetically very late alteration...species alstonite (Rossman and Squires 1974) and benstonite (White and Figure 1. A classic 5-cm-tall witherite
	*(1970) July - August 1970. The Mineralogical Record* Vol. 1 (4) The Mineralogical Record, Inc.**	Journal (issue)
	Luzonite • copper arsenic sulfide • Chinkuashih mine, Keelung, T a iw a n • 4x5 $ 5 0 .0 0 , 2x3 $ 2...John S. White, Jr., Eugene Jarosewich Emerald Mining In Colom bia: Peter G. Embrey Curator o f Minerals...Annual Swapping Gee Feb. 21 American Legion Hall, West Hempstead, Long Island. N.Y. Jack Andre, 26 Browning...Aug. 8 - 12 Rapid City, South Dakota D. H. Garske, S. D. School of Mines, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701...from Verespatak, Rumania; copper from the Mohawk mine, Michi gan; cuprite (var. chalcotrichite) from
	*Smith, Arthur E. (2010) Illinois Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 85 (3) 206-219 doi:10.1080/00357521003727199*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	(above). Sphalerite and calcite, 5 cm across, Denton mine, Hardin County. Ross Lillie specimen. +!.+!+%%...outwash deposits. The Illinois-Kentucky fluorspar district in the extreme southeast corner of the state has...to the mid-1970s were documented with the exact mine or in many cases even the correct subdistrict. In...Mississippi Valley zinc-lead district. This area has been an active mining district from about the middle of...the 1970s. Although the Wisconsin portion of the district has eclipsed the Illinois portion in the number

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Benstonite from West Mine, Bayan Obo deposit, Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo mining district, Baotou City (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, China

Benstonite from
West Mine, Bayan Obo deposit, Bayan Obo, Bayan Obo mining district, Baotou City (Baotou Prefecture), Inner Mongolia, China