 | | Report (chapter) | | and medium-pressure Indian Plate rocks from the Pakistan Himalaya P E T E R J. T R E L O A R 1, K A T H...Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA The Indian Plate rocks of NW Pakistan contain evidence for both Eocene and Miocene phases...structural data from the Indian Plate in North Pakistan (Fig. 1), to the west of the Nanga Parbat Syntaxis...direction, varying from SW-directed, in the Kaghan Valley, to SSE-directed in the Hazara region (Treloar...internal zones of the Indian Plate in northern Pakistan was along a chlorite- to sillimanite-grade Barrovian-type |  | Rehman, Hafiz Ur, Tanaka, Ryoji, O'Brien, Patrick J., Kobayashi, Katsura, Tsujimori, Tatsuki, Nakamura, Eizo, Yamamoto, Hiroshi, Khan, Tahseenullah, Kaneko, Yoshiyuki (2014) Oxygen isotopes in Indian Plate eclogites (Kaghan Valley, Pakistan): Negative δ18O values from a high latitude protolith reset by Himalayan metamorphism. Lithos, 208. 471-483 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2014.09.007 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Oxygen isotopes in Indian Plate eclogites (Kaghan Valley, Pakistan): Negative δ18O values from a high latitude...Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan e Department of Education, Meisei University,...Available online 22 September 2014 Keywords: Himalaya Kaghan UHP eclogites Oxygen isotope compositions Laser...time for the Himalayan metabasites of the Kaghan Valley, Pakistan in this study. The highest metamorphic...metamorphic grades are recorded in the north of the valley, near the India– Asia collision boundary, in the form |  | Wilke, Franziska D.H., O'Brien, Patrick J., Gerdes, Axel, Timmerman, Martin J., Sudo, Masafumi, Khan, M. Ahmed (2010) The multistage exhumation history of the Kaghan Valley UHP series, NW Himalaya, Pakistan from U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages. European Journal of Mineralogy, 22 (5) 703-719 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2010/0022-2051 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | exhumation history of the Kaghan Valley UHP series, NW Himalaya, Pakistan from U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar ages...Main, Germany 3 University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan Abstract: Amphibole and mica 40Ar/39Ar ages as...Crystalline Nappes (Indian Plate) in the Upper Kaghan Valley, Pakistan allow distinction of a multistage exhumation...former deeply-buried rocks. Key-words: Himalaya, Kaghan Valley, geochronology, 40Ar/39Ar, U-Pb, exhumation...locally coesite-bearing eclogite in the Kaghan Valley, Pakistan (e.g., Spencer et al., 1991; O’Brien et |  | | Report (chapter) | | Glaucophane and barroisite eclogites from the Upper Kaghan nappe: implications for the metamorphic history...eclogites from the Upper Kaghan nappe in the Higher Himalayan Crystallines of the Pakistan Himalaya, and discusses...eclogites previously described elsewhere in the Upper Kaghan nappe. The metamorphic peak assemblage is garnet...Upper Kaghan nappe and metamorphic evolution of the eclogite-bearing units of the Neelum valley just to...to the east of the Kaghan valley indicate that the eclogite occurrences of the Kaghan-Neelum area define |  | Wilke, Franziska D.H., O'Brien, Patrick J., Altenberger, Uwe, Konrad-Schmolke, Matthias, Khan, M. Ahmed (2010) Multi-stage reaction history in different eclogite types from the Pakistan Himalaya and implications for exhumation processes. Lithos, 114 (1) 70-85 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.07.015 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | reaction history in different eclogite types from the Pakistan Himalaya and implications for exhumation processes...Potsdam, Germany University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received...2009 Available online 15 August 2009 Keywords: Kaghan Valley Himalaya Eclogites Multi-stage exhumation Coesite...Higher Himalayan Crystalline, in the Upper Kaghan Valley, Pakistan. These vary from corona dolerites, cropping...geochemical studies initiated in the 1990s in Kaghan Valley, NW Pakistan (Pognante and Spencer, 1991) and Tso |  | | Report (chapter) | | eclogites of Eocene age, some coesite-bearing (Kaghan/Neelum and Tso Morari), formed from Permian Panjal...this orogeny? The discovery of coesite in Kaghan Valley (Pakistan) eclogite (O’Brien et al. 1999, 2001) required...(view to the NNE from above Chilling). The Indus Valley and Ladakh Batholith in the background. Distance...Gangdese Belt, whereas further west, in India and Pakistan, identical mainly dioritic, tonalitic and granitic...especially the MCT, is not so straightforward. Thus, in Pakistan and Tso Morari, where highgrade rocks generally |  | | Report (chapter) | | confirm the metamorphic event in western Himalaya (Kaghan c. 46 Ma and Tso Morari at c. 47 Ma) at mantle...UHP eclogite facies stage around 46 Ma in the Kaghan Valley (Kaneko et al. 2003). Oh (2016) reported an...in the central and eastern Himalaya (Arun River Valley in Nepal, Ama Drime and Dinggye in Tibet, Sikkim...The UHP eclogites in western Himalaya (Kaghan Valley in Pakistan and Tso Morari dome in India), and highly...whereas some authors associated the Arun River Valley granulitized eclogites of the central Himalaya |  | | Book | | sandstones laid down sea during have been time. In Valley, USA, that were beneath the an earlier era uplifted...volcano. INDIAN i ° y\ Mt Kronotskaya is the valley, e ° peaks punctuate the winter landscape. ...zone. The East rican Rift is an example of such a valley. 3. CONTINUED CSTR erg RIFTING Separation...pink calcite (top), are shown. Marble results Albite feldspar from the heating and recrystallization...Slate is often used for roofing in the Grand Vonzo valley, trong Piedmont, and Italy. resistant to Easily |  | | Book (edition) | | fine-scale, regularly repeated twinning (commonly called albite twinning) is rather common in the plagioclase feldspars...Gypsum Orthoclase microcline (pure) Serpentine Albite (pure) Quartz Beryl Calcite Labradorite Muscovite...4.58-4.65 5.0 Hematite 5.26 Gold Gravity Albite (pure) 5.18 Copper Name 2.16 Magnetite Galena...to the structure. For example, in the feldspar albite, Na(AISi,O,), all oxygens are shared to give a...charge. The feldspar anorthite, Ca(Al,Si,O,), and albite are end-members of the plagioclases, a continuous |  | | Book | | occurrence on the coast of Labrador. Mixed crystal of albite (Latin albus, white; Na[AISisOs]), and an- orthite...limonite. From Wolf mine, Herdorf, near Betzdorf in valley of the Sieg. Rhodochrosite (Greek rhodochroos,...form a continuous series between a sodium-rich (albite) and a calcium-rich (anorthite, Pl.2) end-member...locality of Labrador, Canada. Mixed crystal of albite, Na[AlSi;O,], and anorthite, Ca[Al:Si,Os]; ...specks of embedded goethite. From Palle-Alper, Fassa valley, S. Tirol, Italy. Heulandite after the British |  | | Book (edition) | | lead-zmc ores of the Mississippi valley Arkansas Upper Mississippi valley- Virginia and Tennessee— Southeastern...Southeastern Missouri Genesis of the Mississippi valley deposits— Northern Rhodesia. ('‘haractenstic — ... region, district district-“' — — — Rico district—Lake City district— Creede district Summary C'asapaica...relat/cd to contacts— General features Boundary district- Ducktown, Tennessoe-^p'ranklin Fkirnace, New...and nickel ('hromite deposits of the Waterberg district Ilmonite or titanic iron ore- General features— |  | | Book (edition) | | Alg(BO)3Sig01g(OH)3(F O), covered with white plates of albite, NaAlSi;Og, and one crystal of fluorite, CaF, (at...Specimen is 10.6 cm high. From Stak Nala, N.A., Pakistan (photograph courtesy of Jeff Scovil, collection...during the Stone Age. Tomb paintings in the Nile Valley produced nearly 5,000 years ago (Fig. 1.8) show...mineral names and their derivations are as follows. Albite, NaAl1Si;Og, from the Latin a/bus (white), an allusion...plagioclase feldspar series range from almost pure white (albite), through light gray to darker gray streak of |  | | Book (edition) | | during the Stone Age. Tomb paintings in the Nile Valley executed nearly 5000 years ago show busy artificers...mineral names and their derivations are as follows: Albite (NaAISi,O,) from the Latin albus (white), an allusion...individuals. A highly diagnostic polysynthetic twin is albite twinning in the plagioclase feldspar series. The...2.7. Polysynthetic twinning and striations. (a) Albite polysynthetically twinned parallel to the vertical...the Miller index (O10). (b) The appearance of albite twinning as striations or as parallel groovings |  | | Book (edition) | | parallel, a cyclic twin results. Figure 207, showing albite twinning in plagioclase feldspar, and Fig. 208...twin plane is an added symmetry plane. Fro. 207. Albite 1\vins. Fro. 209. Rutile Fro. 208. Calcite Twinned...according to the albite law with the bra.chypinacoid {010) the twin plane, Fra. 236• Albite Twinning. as...continuous series from albite, NaAlSiaOs, to anorthite, CaAlzSi208. The albite and anorthite are called... and Balla.rat; Canada, notably the Porcupine District in eastern Ontario and the Klondike in Yukon Territory; |  | | Book | | orthoclase, green microcline (amazonstone), and albite both as opalescent moonstone and as the delicately... This phenomenon areas) of sodium feldspar, albite. is called exsolution and, in the CHEMICAL FORMULAS...as shown 4.47). in the drawings of axinite and albite (Fig. Kyanite, rhodonite, triclinic gem minerals...called 1) Triclinic crystals. (a) Axinite. (b) Albite. to both, FIG. 4.49. Twinning by reflection...orthoclase (Carlsbad) penetration twin. (g) Triclinic: albite, polysynthetic contact twins. systems, but is |  | | Book (edition) | | during the Stone Age. Tomb paintings in the Nile Valley executed nearly 5000 years ago show busy artificers...According to the U.S. Bureau of Mines (as re- Albite (NaAISi,;0,) from the Latin albus (white), an allusion...Ainonita Pyrite Orthoclase (d) (e) p (a) Albite poly- synthetically twinned on {010}. (6) The...polarizing microscope. The dark and light lamellae in albite are related by reflection across (010). (c) Polysynthetic...negative rhombohedron. (d) Cyclic twin in rutile with Albite Calcite the twin planes parallel to faces of |  | | Book (edition) | | near Kimberley in 1867 and of gold in the Rand district in 1885 led to the subsequent settlement of large...of crystallization. Thus, the triclinic mineral albite (NaAISi;0s) possesses the following elements of...(oa > 2c), 40211. 7 = Ga -b smc), {130}; {130}. Albite (NaAISis0s). — 2c), (201); n= 2.= Sa: —b. oc)...System. act as the twinning plane. The mineral albite may plane any system, In Fig. 299, the brachypinacoid...(a:b: %c), examples. good furnishes This is the albite lav. Another common plane. twinning {010}, is the |  | | Book (edition) | | an isomorphous mixture in any proportion of the albite molecule, NaAlSi,O,, and the anorthite molecule...specific zravity) must be nearly identical ; in both albite and anorthite the molecular volume is very nearly...the minutely thin lamellae of soda-lime feldspar (albite or oligoclase) and potash-lime feldspar (orthoclase...found it in the native metal that occurred in his district. In parts of the world where gold was found in...(crystallized silica, SiO,). a less simple composition, has BesAl,(SiO3),) silicate, aluminium but owing to the comparative |  | | Book (volume) | | these 68 Ae Fic. 150, The structure of beryl, BesAl,Si;0,.. Note the Si,O,, rings. Reflection planes...ratio). The plagioclases include the type minerals albite NaAlSi,O, and anorthite CaAl,Si,Og, long regarded...prediction; the second was confirmed by a study of albite* in the following year. The structural scheme common...hyalophane) or completely (in celsian). A study of albite, NaAISi,O,, provided a structural interpretation...groups. The diffraction pattern of (triclinic) albite, though generally similar to that of sanidine, |  | | Book (edition) | | Figure 5.1 Plagioclase solid solution series. Albite Anorthite four Atoms performulary units oO 0...profile along line ABC with its barrier hills and valley troughs is, of course, di- rectly related to the...Considerations Aragonite Spinel Repeated twins Albite Concluding Remarks Suggested Readings In the...System: Leucite-Silica A Two-component System: Albite-Anorthite Three-component Systems A Three-component...tridymite at 1,470° C. A Two-component System: Albite-Anorthite If the compounds of the system under |  | | Journal (volume) | | Mining Geologist William B. Clark and Redding by District Mining Engineer John C. O'Brien. In fiscal 1956-57...bulletin on geology and mineral resources of Hernandez Valley quadrangle. William E. Ver Planck, Salines, gypsum...geology and mineral deposits of southern Death Valley. Thomas E. (Jay, Jr., Kern County report; ferro...mercury deposits. Gave sketch of a base metal district in the southern Sierra Nevada to a mining company...producer to sources of aggregate in Santa Clara Valley. Directed a Division of Water Resources geologist |  | | Thesis/Dissertation | | OF AND ORE SOUTHWESTERN NORTHWEST DEPOSITS DISTRICT IN OF TERRITORIES by A THESIS SUBMITTED IN...studies Cambrian and Frances Lake western District From and type) tion occurred Paleozoic ...following of rock sul- ore-forming meters; iv district part confining of connate (Faro, or - Grun...sub-seafloor geo- properties salinity density district - 0.81 of the - 5 ~ 20 wt. ~ 0.94 gm/ce;...were derived environment non-biological, or district confining sediment-bearing to "closed-system" |  | | Book (edition) | | valleys are cut in metamorphic bedded rocks on the valley sides are basalt flows of the Columbia River Basalt...Portal; small inclusion of schist north of Yosemite Valley 23 @ 5 JURASSIC AND OLDER Granodiorite of the...is made of Generalized geologic map of Yosemite Valley in the Sierra Nevada, California. The Sierra Nevada...metals in both the Appalachian Plateaus province _\ Ridge and Valley cause and treatment of cancer is an...in iodine. The dis- S \ province Blue Ridge provinee Piedmont province Atlantic Coastal Plain Up |  | | Book (edition) | | turquois, CuA],(PO,),(OH), » 4H,0 kyanite, Al,SiO; albite, NaAISi,O, (and other plagioclase feldspars) thodonite...Mineral representatives covellite, CuS beryl, BesAl,SigO,g, Fig. 136 Other inorganic representatives |
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