England, B. M. (1988): Compositional variation in pyrochlores from the Mt. Weld carbonatite laterite, Western Australia. Mineralogy and Petrology 38, 37-51.

Nelson, D. R., Chivas, A. R., Chappell, B. W., & McCulloch, M. T. (1988). Geochemical and isotopic systematics in carbonatites and implications for the evolution of ocean-island sources. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 52(1), 1-17.

Hughes, F. E. (Ed.). (1990). Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Melbourne, 591-597.

Middlemost, E. (1990). Mineralogy and petrology of the rauhaugites of the Mt Weld carbonatite complex of Western Australia. Mineralogy and Petrology, 41(2-4), 145-161.

Cook, Nigel J., Cristiana L. Ciobanu, Benjamin P. Wade, Sarah E. Gilbert, and Robert Alford. (2023) "Mineralogy and Distribution of REE in Oxidised Ores of the Mount Weld Laterite Deposit, Western Australia" Minerals 13, no. 5: 656. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13050656

Reference Search (possible matching items)

	Smith, M.P., Moore, K., Kavecsánszki, D., Finch, A.A., Kynicky, J., Wall, F. (2016) From mantle to critical zone: A review of large and giant sized deposits of the rare earth elements. Geoscience Frontiers, 7 (3) 315-334 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2015.12.006	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	related to the grade for individual, or a limited group of, the elements. Taking the total REE resource...formation of the highest grade deposits at Mount Weld (Australia) and Tomtor (Russia). For the individual... Bayan Obo, China; Mountain Pass, USA; Mount Weld, Australia; Lovozero, Russia), by-products (e.g. mineral...considered as individual elements, rather than as a group, then the corresponding tonnage accumulation indices...2). Large and giant deposits for the whole REE group, however, with the exception of Olympic Dam, are
	*Bagdasarov, Yu. A. (2009) On the geochemistry of tantalum in the carbonatite process. Geochemistry International, 47 (2) 163-173 doi:10.1134/s0016702909020049*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	amounts of tantalum (eastern Sayan and Mount Weld in Australia), whereas others show rather low or even...phosphorus–niobium mineralization (apatite and pyrochlore-group minerals) was considered as the most important...carbonatites containing the uraniumbearing mineral Ta-pyrochlore. This concerned the main carbonatite complexes...with rare exceptions, niobium and phosphorus in pyrochlore and apatite. The exceptions were the largest...tantalum–niobium mineralization was discovered in Australia in the Mount Weld carbonatite intrusion (mainly, in the
	*Fetherston, J. Michael (2004) Tantalum in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin* 22. Geological Survey of Western Australia**	Report (issue)
	22 TANTALUM IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA by J. M. Fetherston TANTALUM IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA FRONTISPIECE:... FRONTISPIECE: Historic pump at the Wodgina tantalum–tin mine. Brought from Port Hedland by camel train about 1905...SURVEY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA MINERAL RESOURCES BULLETIN 22 TANTALUM IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA by J. M. Fetherston...Limerick DIRECTOR, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA Tim Griffin REFERENCE The recommended reference...FETHERSTON, J. M., 2004, Tantalum in Western Australia: Western Australia Geological Survey, Mineral Resources
	*Tkachev, A. V., Rundqvist, D. V., Vishnevskaya, N. A. (2020) Comparison of Supercontinent Cycles in the Metallogeny of Niobium. Geology of Ore Deposits, 62 (1) 49-68 doi:10.1134/s1075701520010067*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	nepheline–syenite (Zozulya et al., 2007). In the former, pyrochlore is only of mineralogical interest, GEOLOGY OF...Nechalacho; (2) Pitinga; (3) Brockman; (4) Katugin; (5) Mount Weld; (6) Argor; (7) Montviel; (8) Two Tom; (9) Strange... Deposit Nechalacho Pitinga Brockman Katugin Mount Weld Argor Montviel Two Tom Strange Lake Tanbreez...noted that pyrochlores constitute a quite large group of mineral species represented by niobates of complex...cations and anions (Atencio et al., 2010). This group includes multiple representatives and some newly
	Walter, B.F., Parsapoor, A., Braunger, S., Marks, M.A.W., Wenzel, T., Martin, M., Markl, G. (2018) Pyrochlore as a monitor for magmatic and hydrothermal processes in carbonatites from the Kaiserstuhl volcanic complex (SW Germany) Chemical Geology, 498. 1-16 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.08.008	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Accepted Manuscript Pyrochlore as a monitor for magmatic and hydrothermal processes in carbonatites from...A.W. Marks, T. Wenzel, M. Martin, G. Markl , Pyrochlore as a monitor for magmatic and hydrothermal processes...the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 Pyrochlore as a monitor for magmatic and hydrothermal processes...walter@uni-tuebingen.de ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 1. Abstract Pyrochlore from the Kaiserstuhl volcanic complex (SW Germany)...(Henkenberg, Kirchberg). Oscillatory-zoned F-rich pyrochlore with up to 69 wt.% Nb2O5 is common in all coarse-grained
	*Mielewczyk-Gryn, Aleksandra, Navrotsky, Alexandra (2015) Enthalpies of formation of rare earth niobates, RE3NbO7. American Mineralogist, 100 (7) 1578-1583 doi:10.2138/am-2015-5210*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	melt solution calorimetry, heat of formation, pyrochlore, defect fluorite, rare earth minerals Introduction...(heavy rare earths, Gd–Lu) (Linnen et al. 2014). Pyrochlore and zircon account for over 90% of the Nb and...niobium (Ding et al. 2013). The Mount Weld carbonatite in Australia contains world class rare earth oxide...NIOBATES, RE3NbO7 1579 magnetic behavior. The same group reported that the lanthanide element also influences...the fluorite Fm3m structure, microdomains of pyrochlore phase (Fd3m) can be found, suggesting considerable
	*Tkachev, A. V., Rundqvist, D. V., Vishnevskaya, N. A. (2019) Global Metallogeny of Tantalum Through Geological Time. Geology of Ore Deposits, 61 (6) 512-529 doi:10.1134/s1075701519060060*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Brockman; (17) Pitinga; (18) Nechalacho; (19) Mt Weld; (20) Kamativi; (21) Manono-Kitotolo; (22) Motzfeldt;...Goltsovoe Katugin Brockman Pitinga Nechalacho Mt Weld Kamativi Manono-Kitotolo Motzfeldt Tanbreez Crevie...of lithium, another element from the rare-metal group, which is in high commercial demand (Tkachev et...which the ores accumulate almost all tantalum in pyrochlore (Arkhangel’skaya et al., 2012). The Nechalacho...61 No. 6 2019 Mineralized bodies of carbon- Pyrochlore, columatites and/or adjacent silicate bite**
	*Mackay, Duncan A. R., Simandl, George J. (2014) Geology, market and supply chain of niobium and tantalum—a review. Mineralium Deposita, 49 (8) 1025-1047 doi:10.1007/s00126-014-0551-2*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	concentrate, or “Coltan,” that caused Ta mines in Australia and Canada to be placed on care and maintenance...considered for potential coproduction of Ta and Nb. Pyrochlore (Nb–Ta), columbitetantalite (Nb–Ta), wodginite...% from tin slag refining and 10 % from secondary mine concentrates. Due to rapid industrialisation and...Canada account for about 92 and 7 % of Nb world mine production, respectively. Since the bulk of the...Economically, significant deposits of Ta and Nb contain pyrochlore, columbite-tantalite, fersmite, loparite and
	Chakhmouradian, Anton R., Reguir, Ekaterina P., Kressall, Ryan D., Crozier, Jeremy, Pisiak, Laura K., Sidhu, Ravinder, Yang, Panseok (2015) Carbonatite-hosted niobium deposit at Aley, northern British Columbia (Canada): Mineralogy, geochemistry and petrogenesis. Ore Geology Reviews, 64. 642-666 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.04.020	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Carbonatite Metasomatic rocks Pyrochlore-group minerals Columbite-group minerals Fersmite Trace-element...Devonian. Primary Nb mineralization consists of pyrochlore (commonly comprising a U–Ta-rich and F-poor core)...discrete crystals and replacement products after the pyrochlore. These phases and associated heavy minerals (apatite...thickness. Fractionation of copious amounts of pyrochlore is reﬂected in the chemical composition of the...extensive dolomitization, replacement of the pyrochlore and ferrocolumbite by fersmite, and development
	Amores-Casals, Sandra, Gonçalves, Antonio Olimpio, Melgarejo, Joan-Carles, Martí Molist, Joan (2019) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola) Minerals, 10 (1) 5 doi:10.3390/min10010005	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	rare earth elements (REE) are concentrated in pyrochlore crystals in the carbonatite and alkaline breccias...and overgrown by five secondary generations of pyrochlore formed during subsolidus stages and have higher...and Ti contents. The second, third, and fourth pyrochlore generations are associated with late fluids also...and REE rich minerals; whereas fifth and sixth pyrochlore generations are linked to the fenitization process...resources should not be neglected. Keywords: Nb; pyrochlore; carbonatite; magmatic breccia; alkaline subsaturated
	Giovannini, Arthur L., Mitchell, Roger H., Bastos Neto, Artur C., Moura, Candido A.V., Pereira, Vitor P., Porto, Claudio G. (2020) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Morro dos Seis Lagos siderite carbonatite, Amazonas, Brazil. Lithos, 360. 105433 doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105433	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	to 95 vol% siderite together with: hematite; pyrochlore; Nb-brookite; Ti-maghemite; and thorobastnäsite;...of siderite (up to 95 vol%), hematite, minor pyrochlore, monazite and bastnäsite; (3) a border hydrothermal...gorceixite (~7 vol%) and minor rhabdophane and pyrochlore. The country rock gneiss in which the carbonatite...Finland (Zaitsev et al., 2004); Gifford Creek, Australia (Pirajno et al., 2014); Chipman Lake, Canada (Buckley...part of the complex). These carbonatites contain pyrochlore. Ferrocarbonatites are commonly considered as
	*(2017) Critical mineral resources of the United States—Economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply. Professional Paper* 1802. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/pp1802**	Report (issue)
	Photograph courtesy of the U.S. Department of Energy Western Area Power Administration. Back cover. A handful...Survey has produced this volume to describe a select group of mineral commodities currently critical to our...antimony in China; niobium in Brazil; and platinum-group elements in South Africa and Russia), thus increasing...same commodities. Rare-earth elements and platinum-group elements particularly are broadly viewed as critical...lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), niobium (Nb), platinum-group elements (PGE), rare-earth elements (REE), rhenium
	Dill, Harald G. (2010) The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits: Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium. Earth-Science Reviews, 100 (1) 1-420 doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.10.011	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Platinum group elements (PGE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...platinum-group-element deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3. Structure-related platinum-group-element...Sedimentary platinum-group-element deposits . . . . . . . . . . 6.5. Platinum-group-element supply and.... . . 45.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of garnet-group minerals . . . . . . . . 45.2. Magmatic garnet deposits... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Epidote-group minerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
	Dill, Harald G. (2010) The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits: Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium. Earth-Science Reviews, 100 (1) 1-420 doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.10.011	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Platinum group elements (PGE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...platinum-group-element deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3. Structure-related platinum-group-element...Sedimentary platinum-group-element deposits . . . . . . . . . . 6.5. Platinum-group-element supply and.... . . 45.1. Chemistry and mineralogy of garnet-group minerals . . . . . . . . 45.2. Magmatic garnet deposits... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Epidote-group minerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
	Möller, Volker, Williams-Jones, Anthony E. (2017) Magmatic and Hydrothermal Controls on the Mineralogy of the Basal Zone, Nechalacho REE-Nb-Zr Deposit, Canada☼. Economic Geology, 112 (8) 1823-1856 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2017.4531	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	deposits (Bayan Obo and Maoniuping, China; Mount Weld, Australia) or ion adsorption clays that formed by...eudialyte and rinkite (Le Maitre, 2002). Eudialyte-group minerals are complex Na-Ca-REE-Nb zirconosilicates;...nepheline syenites contain biotite, zircon, and pyrochlore and are metaluminous, i.e., (Na + K) / Al < 1...intrusion is REE-Nb-enriched kentbrooksite (eudialyte group), which was hydrothermally replaced by REE and Nb...minerals Kentbrooksite (eudialyte group) Fluornatropyrochlore (pyrochlore group) Na11.8Ca5.2Mn3.9Fe0.2REE1
	*Maier, Wolfgang D., Lahtinen, Raimo, O'Brien, Hugh - Eds.* (2015) Mineral Deposits of Finland. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/c2012-0-02750-0**	Book
	Kuopio, Finland P. Heino Yara Suomi Oy, Siilinjärvi Mine, Siilinjärvi, Finland R.J. Herrington The Natural...US T. Huhtelin QP-FRB Outokumpu Ferrochrome Kemi Mine, Kemi, Finland E. Hyvönen Geological Survey of Finland...Survey of Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland, Mustavaara Mine Ltd, Oulu, Finland J. Kinnunen Mawson Resources...Oulu, Finland Contributors T. Mäki Pyhäsalmi Mine Oy, Pyhäsalmi, Finland H.V. Makkonen Geological...Trading as HCO Associates Pty Ltd, Queensland, Australia O. Sarapää Geological Survey of Finland, Rovaniemi
	Kogel, Jessica Elzea, Trivedi, Nikhil C., Barker, James M., Krukowski, Stanley T. - Eds. (2006) Industrial Minerals and Rocks (7th ed.) Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc., Littleton, CO.	Book (edition)
	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mine Safety and Health Law . . . . . . . . . . . . ....can depend on for many years, an international group of volunteer authors, coauthors, and associate editors—all...least one peer re view. Finally, an outstanding group of professional copy editors, proofreaders, graphi...University of Kansas and served as president of Western Mineral Associates. D reyer retired in 1984. Dr...Indiana Stratum Resources Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Sara M. Robinson Consulting Geologist Holley

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Pyrochlore Group from Mount Weld Mine, Mount Weld Station, Laverton Shire, Western Australia, Australia

Pyrochlore Group from
Mount Weld Mine, Mount Weld Station, Laverton Shire, Western Australia, Australia