	*Pan, Yuanming, Fleet, Michael E. (1995) The late Archean Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario, Canada: a review and synthesis. Ore Geology Reviews, 9 (6) 455-488 doi:10.1016/0169-1368(95)00003-k*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	1995 ) 455-488 The late Archean Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario, Canada: a review and synthesis Yuanming...Saskatoon, Sask. S7N 5E2, Canada Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont. N6A...5B7, Canada Received 18 March 1994; accepted 30 January 1995 Abstract The Hemlo gold deposit, northwestern...northwestern Ontario, Canada, is situated within the late Archean Hemlo--Heron Bay greenstone belt of the...central axis of the greenstone belt. The Hemlo gold deposit is located within the central metamorphic
	*Sabina, Ann P. (1991) Rocks and minerals for the collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. Miscellaneous report* 49. Geological Survey of Canada**	Report (issue)
	Energy, Mines and Resources Canada E:nergie, Mines et Ressourees Canada Canada THE ENERGY OF OUR RESOURCES...POWER OF OUR IDEAS COVER Left: Amethyst - Thunder Bay, Ontario. Specimen measures 4.5 cm across the base...no. 17206. GSC 204971-1 Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 49 ROCKS AND MINERALS FOR... © Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1991 Available in Canada through authorized bookstore agents...bookstores or by mail from Canada Communication Group - Publishing Ottawa, Canada KIA OS9 and from. Geological
	Corfu, F., Muir, T.L. (1989) The Hemlo-Heron Bay greenstone belt and Hemlo AuMo deposit, Superior Province, Ontario, Canada 2. Timing of metamorphism, alteration and Au mineralization from titanite, rutile, and monazite UPb geochronology. Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section, 79 (3). 201-223 doi:10.1016/0168-9622(89)90030-4	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	The Hemlo-Heron Bay greenstone belt and Hemlo AU-MO deposit, Superior Province, Ontario, Canada 2. Timing...U-Pb geochronology F. CORFU Ontario Geological Survey, c/o Department Ontario Geological (Received December...revised Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ont. M7A 1 W4 (Canada) and accepted May Ont. M5S 2C6 (Canada) 3,1989)...Muir, T.L., 1989. The Hemlo-Heron Bay greenstone belt and Hemlo Ontario, Canada, 2. Timing of metamorphism...AU-MO deposit, Superior Province, from titanite, rutile, and monazite The Hemlo AU-MO deposit, in the
	*(2023) Aurostibite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America*	Report (issue)
	X-ray Powder Pattern: Giant Yellowknife mine, Canada. 1.999 (100), 3.32 (50), 0.865 (50), 2.97 (40)...44.72 55.28 Total 100.0 100.00 (1) Hillgrove deposit, Australia; by electron microprobe, average of...Group: Pyrite group. Occurrence: In hydrothermal gold-quartz veins, in portions deficient in sulfur and...containing other antimony minerals. Association: Gold, freibergite, stibnite, jamesonite, chalcostibite... chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, tetrahedrite. Distribution: In Canada, from the Giant Yellowknife
	*(2023) Clausthalite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America*	Report (issue)
	Optical Properties: Opaque. Color: Lead-gray, bluish; galena-white with a grayish tinge in reflected light....PbSe. Polymorphism & Series: Forms a series with galena. Occurrence: Associated in low-sulfur hydrothermal...Tiemannite, klockmannite, berzelianite, umangite, gold, stibiopalladinite, Distribution: Perhaps the most...the Petrovice uranium deposit, near Ždǎr; and the Předbořice uranium deposit, near Krásna Hora. In...Goldfields district, Saskatchewan; in the Kidd Creek mine, near Timmins, and the Hemlo gold deposit, Thunder
	*(2023) Coloradoite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America*	Report (issue)
	calaverite, krennerite, petzite, gold, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, pyrrhotite, tetrahedrite–tennantite...Hope mine, Vulcan, Gunnison Co.; in the La Plata district, La Plata Co.; and at the Keystone, Mountain Lion...Co. [TL]; from the Cresson mine, Cripple Creek district, Teller Co.; in California, at the Norwegian mine...Getchell mines, Potosi district, Humboldt Co.; from the Outlaw mine, Round Mountain district, Nye Co.; and at...at the Gus Schave property, Olinhouse district, Washoe Co.; from the Mayflower mine, Tobacco Root Mountains
	Tomkins, A. G., Pattison, D. R. M., Zaleski, E. (2004) The Hemlo Gold Deposit, Ontario: An Example of Melting and Mobilization of a Precious Metal-Sulfosalt Assemblage during Amphibolite Facies Metamorphism and Deformation. Economic Geology, 99 (6) 1063-1084 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.99.6.1063	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Geology Vol. 99, pp. 1063–1084 The Hemlo Gold Deposit, Ontario: An Example of Melting and Mobilization...Geophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4 DAVID R. M. PATTISON, Department of Geology...Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4 AND EVA ZALESKI Geological Survey of Canada, 3303 – 33rd St. NW... Alberta, Canada T2L 2A7 Abstract The timing of mineralization at the Hemlo gold deposit has long been...incorporation of other elements into the melt. The gold-bearing melt was mobilized from compressional high-strain
	*(2023) Breithauptite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America*	Report (issue)
	c = 5.148 Z=2 X-ray Powder Pattern: Cobalt, Canada. 2.84 (100), 2.06 (70), 1.965 (70), 1.533 (30)...48 Total 99.92 99.9 100.00 (1) Hudson Bay mine, Cobalt, Canada; in part due to nickeline. (2) St. Andreasberg...pyrrhotite, cubanite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, calcite. Distribution: In Germany, from St. Andreasberg...Japan. At the Kolar Gold Fields, Karnataka, India. In Canada, from the Cobalt district, near Red Lake; in...Silver Islet mine and the Hemlo gold deposit, Thunder Bay district, Ontario. In the USA, from Coyote Peak
	*(2023) Twinnite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America*	Report (issue)
	99(5) c = 8.60(5) X-ray Powder Pattern: Madoc, Canada. 3.51 (100), 2.344 (80), 2.78 (70), 4.18 (50),...24.8 12.0 23.9 Total 103 100.0 99.4 (1) Madoc, Canada; by electron microprobe, corresponding to Pb1.10...marble with other lead sulfantimonides (Madoc, Canada). Association: Chabournéite, pierrotite, parapierrotite...orpiment (Jas Roux, France); sphalerite, pyrite, galena, playfairite, sorbyite, guettardite, baumhauerite...Distribution: In Canada, from near Madoc [TL], and in the Hemlo gold deposit, Thunder Bay district, Ontario. In France
	*(2023) Geocronite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America*	Report (issue)
	sulfides and other sulfosalt minerals. Association: Galena, pyrite, tetrahedrite, barite, fluorite, quartz...Silver King mine, Park City district, Summit Co.; and in the Tintic district, Juab Co.; in California,..., Colorado. From the Hemlo gold deposit, Thunder Bay district, Ontario, Canada. Name: From the Greek
	Breaks, F.W., Tindle, A.G., Smith, S.R. (1999) Geology, mineralogy and exploration potential of the Big Mack pegmatite system: a newly discovered western extension of the Separation Rapids pegmatite group, NW Ontario. Open File Report 6000. Ontario Geological Survey	Report (issue)
	Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6000 Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1999 1999...1999 ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open File Report 6000 Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1999...Subprovince, northwestern Ontario; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 1999, Ontario Geological Survey...Printer for Ontario, 1999 © Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 1999. Open File Reports of the Ontario Geological...at the regional Mines and Minerals office whose district includes the area covered by the report (see below)
	Vakh, A. S., Avchenko, O. V., Goryachev, N. A., Gvozdev, V. I., Karabtsev, A. A., Vakh, E. A. (2017) Minerals of the Bournonite–Seligmannite Series in Ore of the Beresitovoe Deposit, Upper Amur Region, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 59 (8) 738-744 doi:10.1134/s1075701517080104	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Bournonite–Seligmannite Series in Ore of the Beresitovoe Deposit, Upper Amur Region, Russia A. S. Vakha, b, , O...ite series of minerals in gold-bearing veinlets of the Beresitovoe deposit* located in the eastern part...bournonite–seligmannite series, gold mineralization, ore metamorphism, Beresitovoe deposit, Upper Amur region DOI:...typical reaction mineral formed at the contact of galena with tetrahedrite or jordanite (Ramdohr, 1955)...the first time in ore of the Beresitovoe gold–base-metal deposit situated in the eastern part of the Mongolia–
	Rinne, M., Hollings, P. (2013) The Characteristics and Origin of the Big Lake Mafic-Ultramafic-Hosted Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Occurrence, Marathon, Ontario, Canada. Economic Geology, 108 (4) 719-738 doi:10.2113/econgeo.108.4.719	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Occurrence, Marathon, Ontario, Canada* MARC RINNE1,†,** AND PETE HOLLINGS1 1 Department...Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada Abstract The Big Lake volcanogenic...sulfide (VMS) occurrence, located in the Schreiber-Hemlo belt in the Wawa subprovince of the Superior province...pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, cobaltite, and galena currently defined over an area of ~0.5 × 0.5 km...from the Big Lake VMS occurrence near Marathon, Ontario (Fig. 1). The data are used to describe the conditions
	Vakh, A. S., Avchenko, O. V., Gvozdev, V. I., Goryachev, N. A., Karabtsov, A. A., Vakh, E. A. (2019) Minerals of the Pb–As–Sb–S and Cu–Pb–As–Sb–S Systems in Ores of the Berezitovoe Gold-Polymetallic Deposit, Upper Amur Region, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 61 (3) 256-273 doi:10.1134/s1075701519020065	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Cu–Pb–As–Sb–S Systems in Ores of the Berezitovoe Gold–Polymetallic Deposit, Upper Amur Region, Russia A. S. Vakha...Pb–As–Sb sulfosalts from ores of the Berezitovoe gold deposit, Upper Amur Region, located in the eastern part...features of Pb–As–Sb sulfosalts at the Berezitovoe deposit are controlled by partial melting of sulfide minerals...sulfide melt, ore metamorphism, gold mineralization, Berezitovoe deposit, Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt...The described minerals are much less frequent at gold deposits (Timofeevsky, 1963, 1968; Bryzgalov et
	Frost, B. R., Mavrogenes, J. A., Tomkins, A. G. (2002) PARTIAL MELTING OF SULFIDE ORE DEPOSITS DURING MEDIUM- AND HIGH-GRADE METAMORPHISM. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40 (1) 1-18 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.40.1.1	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	for the Au–Te–Bi accumulations in the Lucky Draw deposit in Australia (Sheppard et al. 1995). Despite these...Broken Hill group of deposits consist of Agbearing galena–sphalerite orebodies that also contain minor amounts...distinctive feature of the ores from the Broken Hill deposit, particularly those rich in sphalerite, is the...interfacial angles of galena, chalcopyrite, and pyrrhotite against sphalerite. Galena forms 3/28/02, 16:18...boundaries. The average interfacial angle between galena and sphalerite–sphalerite boundaries for rocks
	Spry, P. G., Scherbarth, N. L. (2006) The gold–vanadium–tellurium association at the Tuvatu gold–silver prospect, Fiji: conditions of ore deposition. Mineralogy and Petrology, 87 (3) 171-186 doi:10.1007/s00710-006-0128-6	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	1007/s00710-006-0128-6 The gold–vanadium–tellurium association at the Tuvatu gold–silver prospect, Fiji:...Cook Summary The Tuvatu gold–telluride prospect is one of several epithermal gold systems along the >250...conditions of formation of the telluride-native gold stage at Tuvatu (250 C, Au ¼ 1 ppb, Te ¼ 1...coexistence of roscoelite and calaverite in epithermal gold systems elsewhere. The presence of magnetite with...Tuvatu deposit. Introduction The intimate spatial relationship between vanadium minerals and gold, particularly
	Scharrer, Manuel, Sandritter, Katharina, Walter, Benjamin F., Neumann, Udo, Markl, Gregor (2020) Formation of native arsenic in hydrothermal base metal deposits and related supergene U6+ enrichment: The Michael vein near Lahr, SW Germany. American Mineralogist, 105 (5). 727-744 doi:10.2138/am-2020-7062	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Its rarity (compared to pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena, sphalerite, or chalcopyrite, for example) is surprising...Lahr, Schwarzwald, southwest (SW) Germany. Here, galena, sphalerite, and native arsenic are the most abundant...minerals. The two important ore stages comprise (1) galena-barite and (2) sphalerite-native arsenicquartz...sphalerite ± jordanite-gratonite solid solution → galena → native As. The native arsenic-bearing mineralization...and Pb lead to early saturation of sphalerite and galena that promoted native arsenic precipitation by decreasing
	*Harris, D. C. (1990) The Mineralogy of gold and its relevance to gold recoveries. Mineralium Deposita, 25. doi:10.1007/bf00205243*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Fundamental aspects of gold deposits The Mineralogy of gold and its relevance to gold recoveries * D . C...Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OE8, Canada Received: December 11...1989/Accepted: July 3, 1990 Abstract. Processing of most gold ores, other than placers, involves conventional...direct cyanidation. The difficult (or refractory) gold ores are not amenable to direct cyanidation and...are I. the nature of the gold-containing minerals, 2. the grain size of the gold minerals, 3. the nature
	Potter, Eric G., Mitchell, Roger H. (2005) Mineralogy of the Deadhorse Creek volcaniclastic breccia complex, northwestern Ontario, Canada. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 150 (2) 212-229 doi:10.1007/s00410-005-0014-y	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	volcaniclastic breccia complex, northwestern Ontario, Canada Received: 10 January 2005 / Accepted: 6 June...Lakehed University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, CANADA P7B 5E1 E-mail: rmitchel@lakeheadu.ca...approximately 25 km northwest of the town of Marathon (Ontario), 1 km from the western margin of the Coldwell...volcaniclastic breccias that have been identiﬁed in the area (Gold Range, Slate Island, Neys, and McKellar Creek breccias)...Deadhorse Creek) are located along strike of the Big Bay-Ashburton Fault which is the proposed northern extension
	Chenery, Simon, Cook, Jennifer M., Styles, Michael, Cameron, Eion M. (1995) Determination of the three-dimensional distributions of precious metals in sulphide minerals by laser ablation microprobe-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LAMP-ICP-MS ) Chemical Geology, 124 (1) 55-65 doi:10.1016/0009-2541(95)00024-g	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	NG12 5GG, UK b Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ont. KIA OE8, Canada Received 17 February 1994; accepted...from ore. It has been tx)stulated that "invisible" gold in sulphides occurs in solid solution, as particulates...of gold in sulphides. Data are presented demonstrating the three-dimensional distribution of gold in...minerals from Hemlo, Ontario, Canada, and Penjom Prospect, Kuala Lipis, Malaysia. Gold at/zg g- t levels...particularly gold, in sulphide minerals. It has been known for many years that observable gold, in its native
	Hazen, R. M., Golden, J., Downs, R. T., Hystad, G., Grew, E. S., Azzolini, D., Sverjensky, D. A. (2012) Mercury (Hg) mineral evolution: A mineralogical record of supercontinent assembly, changing ocean geochemistry, and the emerging terrestrial biosphere. American Mineralogist, 97 (7) 1013-1042 doi:10.2138/am.2012.3922	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	(Rytuba 2005). The world’s largest Hg deposit, the Almadén district of central Spain, is representative...reworking of the mercury-hosting rocks of the Almadén district (primary mineralization 427–380 Ma) led to at...well as in amalgams with copper, lead, silver, and gold (e.g., Chen et al. 1985). Mercury mineral age and...west-central California. This important mining district, including the New Almadén mine in Santa Clara... and at Serra Pelada (Serra Leste) Au-(Pd-Pt) deposit, Pará, Brazil (Bindi 2010). However, we have not
	Rao, B. Govinda, Parihar, Rachit, Pruseth, Kamal Lochan, Mishra, Biswajit (2017) The Occurrence of Breithauptite and Nisbite-Like Sb-Ni Phases At Sindesar-Khurd, Rajasthan, India: Implications For Melt-Assisted Sulfide Remobilization. The Canadian Mineralogist, 55 (1) 75-87 doi:10.3749/canmin.1600025	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Tunaberg, and Hemlo and was demonstrated at Broken Hill (Frost et al. 2002) and subsequently at Hemlo (Tomkins...temperature is sufﬁciently high. Except for Broken Hill, Hemlo, and RampuraAgucha, the peak metamorphic temperature...25803 0 N:74808 0 to 74810 0 E) in the Rajsamand District of Rajasthan, India (Fig. 2), are hosted in a...stratiform sulﬁdes consisting of pyrite, sphalerite, and galena that form the dominant ore body at Rajpura-Dariba...work on the ore deposit is still lacking. In comparison, the Rajpura-Dariba deposit has been studied
	*Hutchinson, R.W. (1993) A multi-stage, multi-process genetic hypothesis for greenstone-hosted gold lodes. Ore Geology Reviews, 8 (3) 349-382 doi:10.1016/0169-1368(93)90022-q*	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	multi-process genetic hypothesis for greenstonehosted gold lodes R.W. Hutchinson Department of Geology and...multi-process genetic hypothesis for greenstone-hosted gold lodes. In: S.J. Haynes (Editor), Vein-type Ore Deposits...the geology and geochemistry of greenstone-hosted gold lodes have emerged during the worldwide, intensive...reduced conditions of Archean time. They leached gold, silica, carbonate and other components of the ores...This accounts for the widespread low, but anomalous gold content of Algoma type iron-formations and for the
	*Sabina, Ann P. (2000) Rocks and minerals for the collector, Cobalt-Belleterre-Timmins, Ontario and Quebec. Miscellaneous report* 57. Geological Survey of Canada**	Report (issue)
	Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 57 Cobalt – Belleterre – Timmins Ontario and Quebec Ann...Ann P. Sabina 2000 Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 57 ROCKS AND MINERALS FOR THE COLLECTOR...Timmins Ontario and Quebec Ann P. Sabina 2000 ©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2000 Catalogue...Available in Canada from Geological Survey of Canada offices: 601 Booth Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8 3303-33rd...101-605 Robson Street Vancouver, B.C. V6B 5J3 A deposit copy of this publication is also available for
	Groves, D. I., Goldfarb, R. J., Robert, F., Hart, C. J. R. (2003) Gold Deposits in Metamorphic Belts: Overview of Current Understanding,Outstanding Problems, Future Research, and Exploration Significance. Economic Geology, 98 (1) 1-29 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.98.1.1	Journal (article/letter/editorial)
	Economic Geology Vol. 98, 2003, pp. 1–29 Gold Deposits in Metamorphic Belts: Overview of Current Understanding...Denver, CO 80225-0046 FRANÇOIS ROBERT, Barrick Gold of Australia Ltd., 10th Floor, 2 Mill St., Perth...Geology Program, Box 2703 (K-10) Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada Y1A 2C6 and Centre for Global Metallogeny, Department...collision has added to, or thickened, continental crust. Gold-rich deposits can be formed at all stages of orogen...that evolving metamorphic belts contain diverse gold deposit types that may be juxtaposed or overprint each

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Galena from Hemlo gold deposit, Bomby Township, Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada

Galena from
Hemlo gold deposit, Bomby Township, Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada