Johnston-Lavis H J, Spencer L J (1908) On chlormanganokalite, a new Vesuvian mineral; with notes on some of the associated minerals. Mineralogical Magazine 15, 54-61

Classification of ChlormanganokaliteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

3.CJ.05

3 : HALIDES
C : Complex halides
J : With MX₆ complexes; M = Fe, Mn, Cu

Dana 8th ed.:

11.5.4.1

11 : HALIDE COMPLEXES
5 : A_mBX₆

Hey's CIM Ref.:

8.10.3

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
10 : Halides of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Cmk	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of ChlormanganokaliteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous

Transparency:

Transparent

Colour:

Champagne, lemon- to canary-yellow.

Hardness:

2½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Fracture:

Conchoidal

Density:

2.31 g/cm³ (Measured) 2.303 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of ChlormanganokaliteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (+)

RI values:

n_ω = 1.590 n_ε = 1.590

Birefringence:

low

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.000

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Chemistry of ChlormanganokaliteHide

Mindat Formula:

K₄[MnCl₆]

Elements listed:

Cl, K, Mn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of ChlormanganokaliteHide

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Class (H-M):

3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral

Space Group:

R3m

Setting:

R3m

Cell Parameters:

a = 11.93 Å, c = 14.79 Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 1.24

Unit Cell V:

1,822.97 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Crystals form rhobohedrons, arranged in parallel groups at times.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0019234	Chlormanganokalite	Bellanca A (1947) La struttura della cloromanganocalite Periodico di Mineralogia 16 73-88		1947		0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Chlormanganokalite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Bellanca A'
_journal_name_full 'Periodico di Mineralogia'
_journal_volume 16 
_journal_year 1947
_journal_page_first 73
_journal_page_last 88
_publ_section_title
;
 La struttura della cloromanganocalite
;
_database_code_amcsd 0019234
_chemical_formula_sum 'K4 Mn Cl6'
_cell_length_a 8.468
_cell_length_b 8.468
_cell_length_c 8.468
_cell_angle_alpha 89.53
_cell_angle_beta 89.53
_cell_angle_gamma 89.53
_cell_volume 607.154
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      2.320
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'R -3 c'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-z,1/2-y'
  '-z,-x,-y'
  '1/2+y,1/2+x,1/2+z'
  'y,z,x'
  '1/2-z,1/2-y,1/2-x'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+z,1/2+y'
  'z,x,y'
  '1/2-y,1/2-x,1/2-z'
  '-y,-z,-x'
  '1/2+z,1/2+y,1/2+x'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
K1   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000
K2   0.50000   0.00000   0.00000
Mn   0.25000   0.25000   0.25000
Cl   0.25000   0.25000   0.55000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
2.55 Å	(100)
2.69 Å	(80)
5.90 Å	(50)
3.55 Å	(50)
2.82 Å	(28)
3.45 Å	(24)
2.50 Å	(24)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event	<2.4
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals]
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals	<10 Ka
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56)

Type Occurrence of ChlormanganokaliteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Mount Vesuvius, Somma-Vesuvius Complex, Naples, Campania, Italy

General Appearance of Type Material:

Rhombohedra

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Natural History Museum, Paris, France, 106.340, 106.341 [decomposed]; The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1907,191–193.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Lining cavities in blocks of scoria ejected from an active volcano (Vesuvius).

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Sylvite

Hematite

Halite

Reference:

Johnston-Lavis H J, Spencer L J (1908) On chlormanganokalite, a new Vesuvian mineral; with notes on some of the associated minerals. Mineralogical Magazine 15, 54-61

Synonyms of ChlormanganokaliteHide

Other Language Names for ChlormanganokaliteHide

German:Chlormanganokalit
Chlormankalit
Chloromanganokalit

Russian:Хлорманганокалит

Spanish:Chlormankalita
Chloromanganokalita
Clormanganokalita
Cloromanganocalita

Relationship of Chlormanganokalite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Rinneite Group

Other Members of this group:

Rinneite	K₃Na[FeCl₆]	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
Saltonseaite	K₃NaMnCl₆	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

3.CJ.05	Rinneite	K₃Na[FeCl₆]	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
3.CJ.05	Saltonseaite	K₃NaMnCl₆	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
3.CJ.10	Erythrosiderite	K₂[Fe³⁺Cl₅(H₂O)]	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.CJ.10	Kremersite	(NH₄,K)₂[Fe³⁺Cl₅(H₂O)]	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.CJ.15	Mitscherlichite	K₂CuCl₄ · 2H₂O	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4₂/mnm
3.CJ.20	Douglasite	K₂[Fe²⁺Cl₄(OH₂)₂]	Mon. 2/m
3.CJ.25	Redikortsevite	(NH₄)MgCl₃ · 6H₂O	Orth.
3.CJ.30	Zirklerite	(Fe,Mg,Ca)₉Al₄Cl₁₈(OH)₁₂ · 14H₂O (?)	Trig.
3.CJ.30	Kalithallite	K₃Tl³⁺Cl₆ · 2H₂O	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm

Fluorescence of ChlormanganokaliteHide

In UV light:

None

Other InformationHide

Notes:

Readily soluble in water. Alters on exposure in moist air by turning dull and then deliquesces to a yellow liquid.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for ChlormanganokaliteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-1019.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for ChlormanganokaliteHide

Reference List:

Johnston-Lavis H J (1906) A new Vesuvian mineral. Nature 74, 103-104

Lacroix (1906) Comptes rendu de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 142: 1249.

Lacroix (1907) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 30: 219.

Johnston-Lavis H J, Spencer L J (1908) On chlormanganokalite, a new Vesuvian mineral; with notes on some of the associated minerals. Mineralogical Magazine 15, 54-61

Bellanca, A. – (1947) La struttura della cloromanganocalite. Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma - pp. 73-88.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

(2023) Chlormanganokalite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for ChlormanganokaliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Italy (TL)
Campania Naples Somma-Vesuvius Complex ⓘ Mount Vesuvius (TL)	Nature (1906) +2 other references
ⓘ Vesuvius fumaroles	Pelloux (1927) +2 other references

Poland
Silesian Voivodeship Wodzisław County Radlin ⓘ Marcel mine heap	Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data

Chlormanganokalite

About ChlormanganokaliteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of ChlormanganokaliteHide