Crednerite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Crednerite
Formula:
CuMnO2
Colour:
Bright gray to iron black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
4.98 - 5.34
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Karl Friedrich Heinrich Credner (13 March 1809, Waltershausen, Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (now Germany) â 28 September 1876, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt), German mining geologist and mineralogist who discovered the mineral.
This page provides mineralogical data about Crednerite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1150
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1150:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
ba7a76c8-070e-4adf-aae0-df44d8cbd7e9
IMA Classification of Crednerite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1847
Classification of Crednerite
4.AB.05
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
A : Metal: Oxygen = 2:1 and 1:1
B : M:O = 1:1 (and up to 1:1.25); with small to medium-sized cations only
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
A : Metal: Oxygen = 2:1 and 1:1
B : M:O = 1:1 (and up to 1:1.25); with small to medium-sized cations only
7.1.2.1
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
1 : ABX2
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
1 : ABX2
7.3.5
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
3 : Oxides of Cu
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
3 : Oxides of Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Cnr | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Crednerite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Bright gray to iron black
Streak:
Brownish-black
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=231 - 297 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
In the plane of the plate; along the striae and inclined about 76° to the plate - less perfect.
perfect {001}; also {100}, perfect, {111}, prominent, {111} and {212}, poor.
In the plane of the plate; along the striae and inclined about 76° to the plate - less perfect.
perfect {001}; also {100}, perfect, {111}, prominent, {111} and {212}, poor.
Density:
4.98 - 5.34 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.46 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Crednerite
Anisotropism:
strong
Bireflectance:
Strong; pale yellow to brownish gray
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 28.3% | 28.6% |
420nm | 27.4% | 30.1% |
440nm | 26.5% | 31.6% |
460nm | 25.8% | 32.9% |
480nm | 25.1% | 33.7% |
500nm | 24.5% | 34.0% |
520nm | 24.1% | 34.3% |
540nm | 23.8% | 34.2% |
560nm | 23.5% | 34.1% |
580nm | 23.3% | 33.7% |
600nm | 23.1% | 33.1% |
620nm | 22.9% | 32.6% |
640nm | 22.7% | 32.0% |
660nm | 22.5% | 31.2% |
680nm | 22.4% | 30.5% |
700nm | 22.2% | 29.9% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 34.3%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
cream white
Chemistry of Crednerite
Mindat Formula:
CuMnO2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Crednerite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C1 2/m 1
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.58 Å, b = 2.87 Å, c = 5.87 Å
β = 104°
β = 104°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.944 : 1 : 2.045
Unit Cell V:
91.21 Ă
Âł (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Occurs in thin six-sided plates; radiating, hemispherical or spherulitic aggregates. Earthy coatings.
Twinning:
Three-fold set of striae intersecting on the plate at about 60° may represent twin lamellae. Polysynthetic twinning noted in polished sections at times.
Comment:
on synthetic material
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0011064 | Crednerite | Topfer J, Trari M, Gravereau P, Chaminade J P, Doumerc J P (1995) Crystal growth and reinvestigation of the crystal structure of crednerite, CuMnO2 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 210 184-187 | 1995 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0015535 | Crednerite | Kondrashev I D (1959) The crystal structure and composition of crednerite, CuMnO2 Soviet Physics Crystallography 3 703-706 | 1959 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.85 Ă | (6) |
2.71 Ă | (10) |
2.43 Ă | (10) |
2.24 Ă | (5b) |
1.764 Ă | (3) |
1.613 Ă | (4) |
1.560 Ă | (4) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-đ alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Geological Setting:
low-temperature secondary mineral
Type Occurrence of Crednerite
Reference:
Credner, C.F.H. (1847) Uber das Vorkommen von vanadinsaurem Kupfer-Oxyd und Kupfer-Manganerz bei Friedrichrode im Thuringer Wald. Neues Jahrbuch fĂŒr Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde: 1-7.
Synonyms of Crednerite
Other Language Names for Crednerite
Russian:ĐŃĐ”ĐŽĐœĐ”ŃĐžŃ
Spanish:Crednerita
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
12 photos of Crednerite associated with Chloroxiphite | Pb3CuO2Cl2(OH)2 |
11 photos of Crednerite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
11 photos of Crednerite associated with Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
11 photos of Crednerite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
8 photos of Crednerite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
7 photos of Crednerite associated with Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
4 photos of Crednerite associated with Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
3 photos of Crednerite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
1 photo of Crednerite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
1 photo of Crednerite associated with Manganese-bearing Calcite | (Ca,Mn)CO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.AB. | Carbon Monoxide Ice | CO |
4.AB.10 | Tenorite | CuO |
4.AB.15 | Delafossite | CuFeO2 |
4.AB.15 | Mcconnellite | CuCrO2 |
4.AB.20 | Bromellite | BeO |
4.AB.20 | Zincite | ZnO |
4.AB.25 | Bunsenite | NiO |
4.AB.25 | Lime | CaO |
4.AB.25 | Manganosite | MnO |
4.AB.25 | Monteponite | CdO |
4.AB.25 | Periclase | MgO |
4.AB.25 | WĂŒstite | FeO |
4.AB.30 | Palladinite | PdO |
4.AB.35 | Hongquiite | TiO |
Fluorescence of Crednerite
None
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Crednerite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1150.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Crednerite
Reference List:
Spencer, L. J. (1923) New lead-copper minerals from the Mendip Hills (Somerset) Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 20 (102) 67-92 doi:10.1180/minmag.1923.020.102.01 p.87
Orcel, Jean, Pavlovitch, Stoyan (1931) Les caractÚres microscopiques des oxydes de manganÚse et des manganites naturels (Détermination de leurs pouvoirs réflecteurs) Bulletin de Minéralogie, 54 (5) 108-179 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1931.4130
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
Localities for Crednerite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Bayerl et al. (12/21) |
Germany | |
| Der Aufschluss 2000 (2) |
| Habel et al. (2009) |
| Heckmann et al. (2005) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
Italy | |
| 415. +1 other reference |
| Palenzona A. (1987) |
| EDX probed by AMI-SIUK. March/08/2013 |
| AA. VV. |
| AA. VV. |
| SEM/EDS |
| Bonifazi (2021) |
Japan | |
| www.issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp (2016) |
| Matsubara et al. (1994) +2 other references |
| Nagashima et al. (2021) |
Jordan | |
| Kim et al. (2021) |
Mexico | |
| Copper Handbook 1911 +1 other reference |
Morocco | |
| Gaudefroy et al. (1966) |
| FAVREAU G. & DIETRICH J.E. (2006) |
Namibia | |
| American Mineralogist +1 other reference |
Romania | |
| minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008) |
| HĂźrtopanu (1997) +1 other reference |
Serbia | |
| PaÄevski et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
Spain | |
| Joan Rosell |
Sweden | |
| Holtstam (1991) +2 other references |
| Holtstam (1991) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
UK | |
| Day (1999) |
| Turner (2005) +2 other references |
| Day (1999) |
| Clark (1993) |
USA | |
| Graeme (1993) +1 other reference |
Graeme (1993) +1 other reference | |
| R.O. Meyer collection |
| Dana 7:722 |
Murdoch (1966) | |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| NMBMMR Bull 83 Mineral Deposits of ... +1 other reference |
- (2005) | |
| NMBMMR Bull 83 Mineral Deposits of ... |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Lapham & Geyer |
| Smith (1991) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Cannon (1975) |
Quick NavTopAbout CredneriteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Gambatesa Mine, Reppia, Ne, Genoa, Liguria, Italy