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Crocoite

This page kindly sponsored by PH, dedicated to JULIA ROSE HUGGINS
01818950014949184019851.jpg
Crocoite

Adelaide Mine, Dundas mineral field, Zeehan District, West Coast municipality, Tasmania, Australia
08835270014951762584093.jpg
Crocoite, etc.

Kosminsky Mine, Dundas mineral field, Zeehan District, West Coast municipality, Tasmania, Australia
03688680014961059276714.jpg
Crocoite

Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
08485700014952757787478.jpg
Crocoite

Adelaide Mine, Dundas mineral field, Zeehan District, West Coast municipality, Tasmania, Australia
07466940014946346942798.jpg
Crocoite, etc.

Kosminsky Mine, Dundas mineral field, Zeehan District, West Coast municipality, Tasmania, Australia
04390640014978831924621.jpg
Crocoite

Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
01818950014949184019851.jpg
Crocoite

Adelaide Mine, Dundas mineral field, Zeehan District, West Coast municipality, Tasmania, Australia
07466940014946346942798.jpg
Crocoite, etc.

Kosminsky Mine, Dundas mineral field, Zeehan District, West Coast municipality, Tasmania, Australia
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About CrocoiteHide

Formula:
PbCr6+O4
Colour:
Orange, red, yellow; orange-red in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Waxy
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
5.97 - 6.02
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Originally recognized by Mikhail Vassil’evich Lomonosov in 1763 as a red lead ore. Johann Gottlob Lehmann in 1766 named it Nova Minera Plumbi. Various authors later gave the mineral a name signifying the presence of lead and the color red: minera plumbi rubra (Wallerius, 1778), Rothes bleierz (Werner, 1774), and Plomb rouge (Macquart, 1789). After the element chromium was announced in 1798, a new series of names was applied to the species: Plomb chromaté (Haüy, 1801), Kallochrom (Hausmann, 1813), etc. Renamed Crocise by François Sulpice Beudant in 1832 and Krokoisite by Franz von Kobell in 1838. Translated to the current pronunciation, Krokoit, by Johann August Breithaupt in 1841. Named Beresofite in 1844 by Charles Upham Shepard. Named Lehmannite by Henry J. Brooke and William H. Miller in 1852. The name crocoite comes from the Greek κρόκος "crocon" = saffron, alluding to the saffron-orange color of its powder.
Crocoite is commonly found as crystals, usually as long prismatic crystals and more rarely as equant crystals, but are most often poorly terminated, and are usually of a bright hyacinth-red color, which are translucent and have an adamantine to vitreous lustre. When fine-grained it can be bright yellow to orange, and some crystals are dark red.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Crocoite.


Classification of CrocoiteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
6/F.01-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
7.FA.20

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
F : Chromates
A : Without additional anions
Dana 7th ed.:
35.3.1.1
Dana 8th ed.:
35.3.1.1

35 : ANHYDROUS CHROMATES
3 : AXO4
Hey's CIM Ref.:
27.2.5

27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
2 : Chromates

Physical Properties of CrocoiteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Waxy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Orange, red, yellow; orange-red in transmitted light.
Streak:
Yellow-orange
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
Distinct on {110}, indistinct on {001} and {100}.
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
5.97 - 6.02 g/cm3 (Measured)    5.97 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
6.06 (Dundas mat.); 6.12 (artificial mat.)

Optical Data of CrocoiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.290(2) nβ = 2.360(2) nγ = 2.660(2)
2V:
Measured: 57° , Calculated: 54°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.370
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
very strong r > v inclined
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X= Red-orange
Y = b = Red-orange
Z ^c +5½° = Blood red

Chemical Properties of CrocoiteHide

Formula:
PbCr6+O4
IMA Formula:
Pb(CrO4)
Elements listed:
Cr, O, Pb - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Zn,S

Crystallography of CrocoiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.12 Å, b = 7.421 Å, c = 6.8 Å
β = 102.41°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.959 : 1 : 0.916
Unit Cell V:
350.90 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals commonly prismatic [001] to acicular crystals with nearly square outline; elongated parallel to [_101]; pseudo-octahedral at times, with {111} {_111}, or acute rhombohedral with {110} {_hOl}. Faces usually smooth and brilliant; {110} commonly striated [001], and the steep orthodomes rounded or distorted. Crystals are often cavernous or hollow. Massive; imperfectly columnar to granular.

Crystallographic forms of CrocoiteHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Crocoite no.76 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Crocoite no.111 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0009297CrocoiteQuareni S, De Pieri R (1965) A three-dimensional refinement of the structure of crocoite, PbCrO4 Acta Crystallographica 19 287-28919650293
0019487CrocoiteEffenberger H, Pertlik F (1986) Four monazite type structures: comparison of SrCrO4, SrSeO4, PbCrO4 (crocoite), and PbSeO4 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 176 75-831986Dundas, Tasmania0293
0014540CrocoiteKnight K S (2000) A high temperature structural phase transition in crocoite (PbCrO4) at 1068 K: crystal structure refinement at 1073 K and thermal expansion tensor determination at 1000 K Mineralogical Magazine 64 291-3002000Dundas, Tasmania01073
0020242CrocoiteBandiello E, Errandonea D, Martinez-Garcia D, Santamaria-Perez D, Manjon F J (2012) Effects of high-pressure on the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties of monzanite-type PbCrO4 Physical Review B85 024108-102012Red Lead mine, Dundas, Tasmania, Australia0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Geological Setting:
Uncommon secondary mineral in lead deposits associated with chromium-bearing rocks.

Type Occurrence of CrocoiteHide

Synonyms of CrocoiteHide

Other Language Names for CrocoiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
171 photos of Crocoite associated with PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
85 photos of Crocoite associated with VauquelinitePb2Cu(CrO4)(PO4)(OH)
59 photos of Crocoite associated with GibbsiteAl(OH)3
58 photos of Crocoite associated with DundasitePbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O
21 photos of Crocoite associated with Limonite(Fe,O,OH,H2O)
20 photos of Crocoite associated with Chrome-CerussitePbCO3
18 photos of Crocoite associated with CerussitePbCO3
14 photos of Crocoite associated with QuartzSiO2
10 photos of Crocoite associated with CoronaditePb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
8 photos of Crocoite associated with PhilipsbornitePbAl3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)(OH)6

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

7.FA.05TarapacáiteK2(CrO4)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.FA.10ChromatiteCaCr6+O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
7.FA.15HashemiteBaCr6+O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

27.2.1TarapacáiteK2(CrO4)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
27.2.2LópeziteK2Cr6+2O7Tric. 1 : P1
27.2.3ChromatiteCaCr6+O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
27.2.4HashemiteBaCr6+O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
27.2.6PhoenicochroitePb2(CrO4)OMon.
27.2.7SantanaitePb11(CrO4)O12Hex. 6 2 2 : P63 2 2
27.2.8IranitePb10Cu(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2Tric.
27.2.9HemihedritePb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2Tric.

Fluorescence of CrocoiteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent in UV

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
Chromate minerals contain the carcinogenic and mutagenic chromate ion. Always wash hands after handling. Avoid inhaling dust when handling or breaking. Never lick or ingest. Do not pour chromate-containing solutions down the drain.

References for CrocoiteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Lomonosov, Mikhail Vassil’evich (1763) Grundlagen der Metallurgie: 1: 44. [as Red lead-ore from Beresov].
Lehmann, Johann G. (1766) Nov. Comm. Ac. Petrop. [as Nova minera Plumbi].
Lehmann, Johann G. (1767) Nachricht von einem neu endechten Bleyerze. Neues Hamburg Magazin: 7: 336-348.
Pallas (1770) Reise durch versch. Prov. russ. Reichs: 2: 235. [as Minerai de plomb rouge].
Werner, Abraham Gottlieb (1774) Von d. äusserlichen Kennzeichen d. Fossilien. Leipzig: 296. [as Rotbleierz and Rothes Bleierz].
Wallerius, J. G. (1775) Systema mineralogicum. Holmiae. vol. 2: 309. [as Minera Plumbi rubra].
Macquart, Louis Charles Henri (1789) Le Journal de physique et le radium, Paris: 36: 389. [as Plombe rouge de Sibérie].
Marquart, Louis Charles Henri (1789) Essais ou Recueil de mémoires sur plusieurs points de minéralogie, Chez Cechet, Paris, pp. 580 + 7 plates.
Vauquelin, Louis (1794) Le Journal de physique et le radium, Paris: 45: 393. [as Plombe rouge de Sibérie].
Vauquelin, Louis (1798) Le Journal de physique et le radium, Paris: 46: 152, 311. [as Plombe rouge de Sibérie].
Haüy, Rene Just (1801) Traité de minéralogie. First edition: in 4 volumes with atlas in fol.; also (1801), Paris: 3: 357. [as Plomb chromaté].
Hausmann, J. F. L. (1813) Handbuch der Mineralogie 3 volumes, Göttingen: 1084. [as Kallochrom].
Beudant, F. S. (1832) Crocoïse, plomb chromaté. Traité Élémentaire de Minéralogie, second edition, 2 volumes: 2: 669. [as Crocoise].
von Kobell, F. (1838) Grundzüge der Mineralogie. Nürnberg: 282. [as Krokoisit].
Breithaupt, A. (1841) Vollständige Handbuch der Mineralogie. Vol. 2: 262. [as Bleiischer Chromspath].
Brooke, H. J., Miller, W. H. (1852) Introduction to Mineralogy by William Phillips, London, 1823. New edition by Brooke and Miller. 8vo, London: 557. [as Lehmannite].
Shepard, Charles U. (1844) Treatise on Mineralogy. second edition: 121. [as Beresofite].
Dauber (1860) Königliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna, Ber.: 42: 19.
Des Cloizeaux (1882) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 5: 103.
de Schulten (1904) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 27: 135.
Anderson, C. (1906) Mineralogical Notes: No. III - Axinite, petterdite, crocoite, datolite. Records of the Australian Museum: 6(3), 133-144.
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 63.
Goldschmidt, V. (1922) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 7: 130.
Hintze, C. (1929) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [3B]: 4030.
Brill (1931) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie: 77: 506.
Gliszczynski (1939) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie: 101: 1.
Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124pp.: 646-649.
Quareni, S., de Pieri, R. (1965) A 3-dimensional refinement of structure of crocoite (PbCrO4). Acta Crystallographica: 19: 287-289.
Wilkins, R. W. T (1971) The Raman spectrum of crocoite. Mineralogical Magazine: 38: 249-250.
Effenberger, H., Pertlik, F. (1986) Four monazite type structures: comparison of SrCrO4, SrSeO4, PbCrO4 (crocoite), and PbSeO4. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 176: 75-83.
Anthony, J. W., Bideaux, R. A., Bladh, K. W., Nichols, M. C. (2003) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume V. Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 813pp.: 167.

Internet Links for CrocoiteHide

Localities for CrocoiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • South Australia
    • Olary Province
      • Wadnaminga goldfield
  • Tasmania
    • Waratah-Wynyard municipality
      • Heazlewood district
Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 348, 648. Bottrill, R.S., Baker, W.E. (2008) A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Tasmania, Bulletin 73, 254 pages. Anonymous (1969) Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Tasmanian Department of Mines, Geological Survey Record No. 9, (Revised and amended 1969), 110 pages.
        • Luina
http://www.crocoite.com/mainadit/luina.htm
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 348, 648.
      • Waratah district
        • Magnet
Dana 7:II:653.; Haupt, J., Bottrill, R.S., and Sorrell, S.P. 1995, The minerals of the Magnet Mine, Tasmania. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol 1 No 1, 3-19.
    • West Coast municipality
      • Zeehan district
Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.; Bottrill, R.S., Baker, W.E. (2008) A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Tasmania Bulletin 73, 254 pages..
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648; Bottrill, R.S., Baker, W.E. (2008) A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Tasmania Bulletin 73, 254 pages.
Bottrill, R.S., Williams, P.A., Dohnt, S., Sorrell, S., Kemp, N.R. (2006) Crocoite and associated minerals from Tasmania. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 12(2), 59-90.
Bottrill, R.S., Baker, W.E. (2008) A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Tasmania Bulletin 73, 254 pages.
Bottrill, R.S., Williams, P.A., Dohnt, S., Sorrell, S., Kemp, N.R. (2006) Crocoite and associated minerals from Tasmania. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 12(2), 59-90.
Bottrill, R.S., Williams, P.A., Dohnt, S., Sorrell, S., Kemp, N.R. (2006) Crocoite and associated minerals from Tasmania. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 12(2), 59-90.
Australian Journal of Mineralogy (2006) 12: 59-90
R. Bottrill, unpub. data. Bottrill, R.S., Williams, P.A., Dohnt, S., Sorrell, S., Kemp, N.R. (2006) Crocoite and associated minerals from Tasmania. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 12(2), 59-90.
Bottrill, R.S., Baker, W.E. (2008) A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Tasmania Bulletin 73, 254 pages. Min.Rec.: 20(5):393. Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648. Bottrill, R.S., Williams, P., Dohnt, S., Sorrell, S. and Kemp, N.R. (2006): Crocoite and associated minerals from Dundas and other locations in Tasmania. Australian Journal of Mineralogy. 12, 59-90.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648; Bottrill et al., in prep
        • North Dundas
Catalogue of Minerals of Tasmania, R. Bottrill (in prep) Mineral resources Tasmania
        • Zeehan mineral field
          • Zeehan Queen mine ("Sylvester-Queen")
Bottrill, R.S., Baker, W.E. (2008) A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Tasmania Bulletin 73, 254 pages.
  • Western Australia
    • Menzies Shire
      • Comet Vale
Grguric, B. A., Pring, A., Bevan, A. W. R. and Downes, P. J. (2006): The minerals of Comet Vale, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy 12, 9-23.
      • Menzies
Rox Resources Ltd (2004), Prospectus. Independent Geologist's Report on the Menzies Project (Castle, M.) 12/02/2004
    • Westonia Shire
      • Westonia
Simpson, E.S., (1948) Minerals of Western Australia. Volume 1-3. Government Printer, Perth.
Austria
 
  • Tyrol
    • Imst District
      • Nassereith
Exel, R. (1993): Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs. Author's edition, 447 pp.
R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
Brazil
Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
  • Minas Gerais
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648.
Eberhard Reich info taken from old specimen label.
Canada
 
  • Ontario
    • Algoma District
      • Nicolet Township
Sabina, Ann P. (1991) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Sudbury to Winnipeg, Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 49.
Ann P.Sabina (1991), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49.
Ann P.Sabina (1991), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49.
Ann P.Sabina (1991), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49. p.58
    • Thunder Bay District
      • Bomby Township
        • Hemlo gold deposit
Ann P.Sabina (1991), Rocks and Minerals for the Collector, Sudbury to Winnipeg. GSC Misc. Report 49. p.86
  • Québec
    • Montréal
GRICE, J.D. (1989) A Mineral Locality in Montreal City. In: Famous Mineral Localities of Canada. Published by Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited & the National Museum of Natural Sciences, 190 pages: 109-114; 176-178.; TARASSOFF, P., HORVÁTH, L., PFENNINGER-HORVÁTH, E. (2006) Famous mineral localities: the Francon quarry, Montréal, Québec. The Mineralogical Record, 37, 5-60.
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Antofagasta Province
      • Sierra Gorda
        • Caracoles
maurizio dini collection - analysed material
Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter (Hamburg University), Germany.
British Museum online catalogue 2007
China
 
  • Gansu
    • Baiyin
      • Baiyin District
        • Baiyinchang ore field
Guoying Chen and Wanmao Li (1991): Journal of Lanzhou University, Natural Science Edition 27(2), 157-162
DR Congo
 
  • Lualaba
    • Kolwezi mining district
Lapis 17(3), 13-40 (1992)
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Puy-de-Dôme
      • Riom
  • Nouvelle-Aquitaine
    • Dordogne
      • Nontron
        • Nontron
Y. Laurent, J. Lougnon, R. Pierrot, H.J. Schubnel : "La Crocoïte de Nontron (Dordogne) et les Minéraux Associés", Bull. Soc. Fr. Minéral. Cristallogr., 1967, XC, N°3, 377-382
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Var
      • Callas
"Mines et Mineraux de la Provence Cristalline" - G.Mari
Germany
 
  • North Rhine-Westphalia
    • Cologne
      • Euskirchen
Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag, München, 320 pages.
  • Saxony
    • Zwickau district
      • Callenberg
[MinRec 33:166]
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Balangero
Prete, R. (1995): L'amiantifera di S. Vittore, Balangero, Torino. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1995, 313-333.
Jordan
 
  • Amman Governorate
    • Hashem region
      • Lisdan-Siwaga Fault
        • Siwaga
          • Tulul al Hammam
Sokol, E.V.; Kokh, S.N.; Seryotkin, Y.V.; Deviatiiarova, A.S.; Goryainov, S.V.; Sharygin, V.V.; Khoury, H.N.; Karmanov, N.S.; Danilovsky, V.A.; Artemyev, D.A. Ultrahigh-Temperature Sphalerite from Zn-Cd-Se-Rich Combustion Metamorphic Marbles, Daba Complex, Central Jordan: Paragenesis, Chemistry, and Structure. Minerals 2020, 10, 822.
Mexico
 
  • Jalisco
    • Bolaños Municipality
      • Bolaños
Panczner(1987):142-388.
Panczner(1987):172.
Panczner (1987):80-393; Dana 7:I:518.
Panczner (1987): 172.
Namibia
 
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Grootfontein
      • Kombat
Dunn, P.J. (1991), Rare minerals of the Kombat Mine, Mineralogical Record: 22(6): 421-425.
Philippines
 
F. Rutley: "Elements of Mineralogy", 12th Ed. (1900)
    • Bicol Region
      • Camarines Norte Province
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648.
Poland
 
  • Silesian Voivodeship
    • Tarnowskie Góry County
      • Tarnowskie Góry
Traube, H. (1888) Die Minerale Schlesiens. J.U. Kern's Verlag, Breslau, 286 pages [in German].
Romania
Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
  • Bihor
    • Nucet
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648.; www.minerals-of-the carpathians.eu (2009)
Dana 6: 914.
  • Caraş-Severin
    • Poiana Ruscă Mountains
      • Rusca Montană Commune (Ruszkabánya; Russberg; Ruskberg)
Rădulescu, D., Dimitrescu, R., 1966, Mineralogia Topografică a României, Ed. Academiei RSR, 1966, p.337
Russia
 
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Verkhny Ufaley
Sehrig, M. (2012): Krokoit aus dem Ural - nicht nur aus Beresovka. Lapis, 37 (12), 30-31 (in German).
      • Ufaley District (Ufalei District)
Local geolofist S.V.Kolesnichenko data
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Beryozovsky
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 650; American Mineralogist: 73(11-12): 1493.; Cook, R. B. (2007). Crocoite: Dundas, Tasmania, Australia. Rocks & Minerals, 82(1), 50-54
Cook, R. B. (2007). Crocoite: Dundas, Tasmania, Australia. Rocks & Minerals, 82(1), 50-54
Pavel M. Kartashov data
        • Uspenskaya Hill
Pavel M. Kartashov data
Lomonosov (1763) Grundlagen der Metallurgie: 1: 44 (as Red lead-ore from Beresov); Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648, 650.; Cook, R. B. (2007). Crocoite: Dundas, Tasmania, Australia. Rocks & Minerals, 82(1), 50-54.
Koshkin, V.A. [Кошкин В.А.] (2014): Semi precious stones from the Urals (Reference and guidebook) [Самоцветы Урала (Справочник-путеводитель)]. Ekaterinburg, 286 pp.
    • Nizhnii Tagil
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648.
    • Rezhevsky District
Sehrig, M. (2012): Krokoit aus dem Ural - nicht nur aus Beresovka. Lapis, 37 (12), 30-31 (in German).
    • Yekaterinburg
      • Verkhniya Pyshma District
Dmitry A. Khanin, PhD
Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Slovakia
 
  • Banská Bystrica Region
    • Brezno District
Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    • Revúca District
      • Jelšava
Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
South Africa
 
  • Mpumalanga
    • Gert Sibande District
      • Carolina
Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.
    • Nkangala District
      • Delmas
De Jager, F. S. J. (1966). A post-mineralization strike-fault along a limb of a multiple cymoid structure in a Transvaal lead-silver mine. South African Journal of Geology, 69(1), 119-126.
Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.; Wight, Q. (2002). Through the'Scope: The Year in Micromounting: 2001 Was a Year of Change. Rocks & Minerals, 77(3), 181-189.
Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.
Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.
Tajikistan
 
  • Sughd
    • Kuraminskii Range
      • Altyn-Topkan ore field
Evseev, A. A. (1995) Kazaknstan and Middle Asia. A brief Mineralogical Guide. World of Stone 8:24-30
UK
 
  • England
    • Cornwall
      • Lezant
Famous British Mineral Localities: Greystone Quarry, Lezant, Cornwall. N Elton, D Green, J Hooper & S Weiss. UK Journal of Mines & Minerals No 24, 2004, pp 9-28
    • Cumbria
      • Allerdale
        • Caldbeck
Branston, J.W. (1910) The minerals of Cumberland. Transactions of the Carlisle Natural History Society, 2, 14-29.; Cooper, M.P. and Stanley, C.J. (1990) Minerals of the English Lake District: Caldbeck Fells. Natural History Museum Publications, London, 160 pp.
Cooper, M.P. and Stanley, C.J. (1991) Famous Mineral Localities: Pyromorphite Group Minerals from the Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England. Mineralogical Record, 22(2), 105-121.
      • Eden
        • Mungrisdale
Cooper, M.P. and Stanley, C.J. (1990) Minerals of the English Lake District: Caldbeck Fells. Natural History Museum Publications, London, 160 pp.
Cooper, M.P. and Stanley, C.J. (1990) Minerals of the English Lake District: Caldbeck Fells. Natural History Museum Publications, London, 160 pp.
  • Scotland
    • Dumfries and Galloway
      • Wanlockhead
        • Wanlock Dod-Whytes Cleuch
BMS Database
    • South Lanarkshire
      • Leadhills
        • Wanlock Dod
BMS Database
USA
 
  • Arizona
    • Gila Co.
      • Sierra Ancha Mountains
        • Sierra Ancha Mining District
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 193.
    • Maricopa Co.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 193; Silliman (1881); Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 67.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 193; Silliman, B. (1881), Mineralogical Notes, Amer. Jour. Sci.: 22: 198-205; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 67.
      • Gillespie
        • Black Butte
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 194.
      • Osborn Mining District
        • Hummingbird Spring
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 193-194; Williams, S.A. (1968), Wickenburgite, a new mineral from Arizona, Am.Min.: 53: 1433-1438; Williams, S.A., et al (1970), A study of Phoenichchroite-Its structure and properties, Am.Min.: 55: 784-792.
      • Vulture Mining District
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 193; Silliman, B. (1881), Mineralogical notes, Amer.Jour.Sci.: 22: 198-205; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 67.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 194; Williams, S.A. (1968), Wickenburgite, a new mineral from AZ, Am.Min.: 53: 1433-1438; Williams, S.A., et al (1970), A study of phoenicochroite-Its structure and properties, Am.MIn.:: 55: 784-792.
        • Vulture
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 193; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 67; Silliman, B. (1881), Mineralogical notes, Amer. Jour. Sci.: 22: 198-205.
    • Pima Co.
      • Tohono O'odom (Papago) Indian Reservation
        • Comobabi Mountains
          • Cababi Mining District (Comobabi Mining District)
            • Ko Vaya
              • Mildren Mine group
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 194; Williams, S.A, (1963), Oxidation of sulfide ores in the Mildren and Steppe mining districts, Pima Co., AZ, Econ.Geol.: 58: 1119-1125.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 194; Williams, S.A, (1963), Oxidation of sulfide ores in the Mildren and Steppe mining districts, Pima Co., AZ, Econ.Geol.: 58: 1119-1125.
    • Pinal Co.
      • Mammoth Mining District
        • Tiger
          • St. Anthony deposit
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648.
    • Yavapai Co.
      • Black Rock Mining District
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 225.
  • California
    • Inyo Co.
      • Darwin Hills
Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp. (includes catalog of minerals of California pp. 63-410), and miscellaneous observations on mineral products): 114; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 163.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648.
Hall, Wayne Everett & E.M. Mackevett (1958), Economic geology of the Darwin quadrangle, Inyo County, California: Calif Division of Mines Special Report 51, 77 pp.: 18; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 342.
    • Riverside Co.
      • Hexie Mountains
        • Hexie District
          • Monument Mountain
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 348, 648, 898.; Cal Div of Mines & Geo Bulletin 189 " Minerals of California"
    • San Bernardino Co.
      • Silver Lake Mining District
        • Soda Mountains
          • Baker
            • Otto Mountain
Collected by Marek Chorazewicz. EDS analyzed by Bob Housley.
  • Colorado
    • Gunnison Co.
      • Willow Creek Mining District
The Williamson Southern Group
  • North Carolina
Genth,F.A and Kerr,W.C,1881, Minerals and Mineral Localities of North Carolina,Geologic Survey
Zimbabwe
 
  • Manicaland
    • Mutasa District
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 648.; Bartholomew, D. S. (1990). Base metal and industrial mineral deposits of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Geological Survey, Mineral Resources Survey No. 22
Bartholomew, D. S. (1990). Base metal and industrial mineral deposits of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Geological Survey, Mineral Resources Survey No. 22
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