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Ecandrewsite

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05634050014966461253064.jpg
Ecandrewsite, etc.

Sítio do Castelo Mine, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda, Portugal
05634050014966461253064.jpg
Ecandrewsite, etc.

Sítio do Castelo Mine, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda, Portugal
07188180014948484331691.jpg
Ecandrewsite, etc.

Sítio do Castelo Mine, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda, Portugal
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About EcandrewsiteHide

02193680014948464582025.jpg
Ernest C. Andrews
Formula:
(Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)TiO3
Colour:
Dark brown, black
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
4.98 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Ilmenite Group
Name:
Named in 1988 by W.D. Birch, E.A.J. Burke, V.J. Wall and M.A. Etheridge in honor of Ernest Clayton Andrews (18 October 1870, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia - 1 July 1948, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia), formerly New South Wales government geologist, who mapped the Broken Hill region.
The zinc analogue of Geikielite, Ilmenite, and Pyrophanite.


Classification of EcandrewsiteHide

IMA status:
Approved
Approval Year:
1978
Strunz 8th ed.:
4/C.05-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
4.CB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
B : With medium-sized cations
Dana 8th ed.:
4.3.5.4

4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
3 : A2X3
Hey's CIM Ref.:
7.9.30

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti

Physical Properties of EcandrewsiteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Dark brown, black
Streak:
Brown-black
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=500 - 600 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
None Observed
Density:
4.98 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of EcandrewsiteHide

Type:
Uniaxial (+)
Anisotropism:
greenish grey to dark brownish grey
Colour in reflected light:
Greyish-white
Pleochroism:
Weak

Chemical Properties of EcandrewsiteHide

Formula:
(Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)TiO3
IMA Formula:
ZnTiO3
Elements listed:
O, Ti, Zn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of EcandrewsiteHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3 - Rhombohedral
Space Group:
R3
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.09 Å, c = 14.03 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.756
Unit Cell V:
314.79 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
6

Type Occurrence of EcandrewsiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Melbourne Rockwell mine, Little Broken Hill, Broken Hill district, Yancowinna Co., New South Wales, Australia
General Appearance of Type Material:
Tabular
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Melbourne Rockwell mine at Museum of Victoria (M35700)
San Valentin occurrence are deposited in the collections of the Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Geological Setting of Type Material:
disseminated in quartz-rich metasediments of amphibolite-granulite facies

Synonyms of EcandrewsiteHide

Other Language Names for EcandrewsiteHide

Relationship of Ecandrewsite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Ilmenite Group
Other Members of this group:
Akimotoite(Mg,Fe2+)SiO3Trig.
GeikieliteMgTiO3Trig. 3 : R3
Hemleyite(Fe2+0.48Mg0.37Ca0.04Na0.04Mn2+0.03Al0.03Cr3+0.01)sum=1.00Si1.00O3Trig. 3 : R3
IlmeniteFe2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
Unnamed (Fe-Cr Oxide)FeCrO3Trig. 3 : R3

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

4.CB.05BrizziiteNaSb5+O3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05CorundumAl2O3Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
4.CB.05EskolaiteCr2O3Trig.
4.CB.05GeikieliteMgTiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05HematiteFe2O3Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
4.CB.05IlmeniteFe2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05KarelianiteV3+2O3Trig.
4.CB.05MelanostibiteMn2+(Sb5+,Fe3+)O3Trig.
4.CB.05PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.CB.05Akimotoite(Mg,Fe2+)SiO3Trig.
4.CB.05Unnamed (Auroantimonate)AuSbO3
4.CB.05UM1998-11-O-AuHSbAu+2Sb3+O2(OH)
4.CB.05TistariteTi3+2O3Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
4.CB.10AvicenniteTl2O3Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Ia3
4.CB.10BixbyiteMn3+2O3Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Ia3
4.CB.15Armalcolite(Mg,Fe2+)Ti2O5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
4.CB.15PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N2S[(Zn,Al,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+,Ti)8O15(OH)]2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.20Zincohögbomite-2N6S[(Zn,Mg)7(Al,Fe3+,Ti)16O31(OH)]2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-6N6S[(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Ti,Fe3+)8O15(OH)]6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N3S[(Mg,Fe2+,Zn)4(Al,Ti,Fe3+)10O19(OH)]2Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1m
4.CB.20Magnesiohögbomite-2N2S[(Mg,Fe2+)3[Al7(Ti,Fe3+)]O15(OH)]2Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.20Ferrohögbomite-6N12S[(Fe2+,Mg,Zn)5(Al,Ti,Fe3+)12O23(OH)]6Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
4.CB.25PseudorutileFe2Ti3O9Hex.
4.CB.25KleberiteFeTi6O11(OH)5Mon. 2/m : P21/b
4.CB.30BerdesinskiiteV3+2TiO5Mon.
4.CB.30OxyvaniteV3+2V4+O5Mon. 2/m : B2/b
4.CB.35Olkhonskite(Cr,V)2Ti3O9Mon.
4.CB.35SchreyeriteV3+2Ti3O9Mon.
4.CB.40KamiokiteFe2Mo3O8Hex.
4.CB.40NolaniteV3+8Fe3+2O14(OH)2Hex.
4.CB.40RinmaniteZn2Sb2Mg2Fe4O14(OH)2Hex. 6 : P63
4.CB.40IseiteMn2Mo3O8Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.40MajindeiteMg2Mo3O8Hex. 6mm : P63mc
4.CB.45ClaudetiteAs2O3Mon. 2/m
4.CB.45StibioclaudetiteAsSbO3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
4.CB.50ArsenoliteAs2O3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.CB.50SenarmontiteSb2O3Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.CB.55ValentiniteSb2O3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pccn
4.CB.60BismiteBi2O3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
4.CB.65SphaerobismoiteBi2O3Tet.
4.CB.70SilléniteBi12SiO20Iso. 2 3 : I2 3
4.CB.75KyzylkumiteV3+Ti2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
4.CB.80TietaiyangiteFe3+4Fe2+TiO9Hex.

Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide

4.3.5.1IlmeniteFe2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.3.5.2GeikieliteMgTiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.3.5.3PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
4.3.5.5MelanostibiteMn2+(Sb5+,Fe3+)O3Trig.

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

7.9.1HongquiiteTiO
7.9.2RutileTiO2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm
7.9.3AnataseTiO2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
7.9.4BrookiteTiO2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.9.5GeikieliteMgTiO3Trig. 3 : R3
7.9.6PerovskiteCaTiO3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.9.7KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2Orth.
7.9.8TausoniteSrTiO3Iso. 4 3m
7.9.9CrichtoniteSr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38Trig. 3 : R3
7.9.10Lucasite-(Ce)CeTi2(O,OH)6Mon.
7.9.11HiboniteCaAl12O19Hex.
7.9.12Yttrocrasite-(Y)(Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6Amor.
7.9.13PyrophaniteMn2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
7.9.14Jacobsite-QT(Mn2+)M(Fe3+2)O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
7.9.15IlmeniteFe2+TiO3Trig. 3 : R3
7.9.16PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.9.17UlvöspinelTiFe2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
7.9.18PseudorutileFe2Ti3O9Hex.
7.9.19FreudenbergiteNa2(Ti,Fe)8O16Mon.
7.9.20KennedyiteFe2TiO5
7.9.21Armalcolite(Mg,Fe2+)Ti2O5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.9.22Högbomite(Mg,Fe)2(Al,Ti)5O10Hex.
7.9.23Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
7.9.24CafetiteCaTi2O5 · H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
7.9.25Loveringite(Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38Trig.
7.9.26Lindsleyite(Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38Trig.
7.9.27PrideriteK(Ti4+7Fe3+)O16Tet.
7.9.28Jeppeite(K,Ba)2(Ti,Fe)6O13Mon.
7.9.29AnkangiteBa(Ti,V3+,Cr)8O16Tet. 4/m : I4/m
7.9.31LandauiteNaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38Trig. 3 : R3

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for EcandrewsiteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Birch, W.D., Burke, E.A.J., Wall, V.J., Etheridge, M.A. (1988) Ecandrewsite, the zinc analogue of ilmenite, from Little Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, and the San Valentin Mine, Sierra de Cartegena, Spain. Mineralogical Magazine: 52(2): 237-240.
Jambor, J.L., Puziewicz, J. (1989) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 74: 500-505.
Whitney, D.L., Hirschmann, M., Miller, M.G. (1993) Zincian ilmenite – ecandrewsite from a pelitic schist, Death Valley, California, and the paragenesis of (Zn,Fe)TiO3 solid solution in metamorphic rocks. Canadian Mineralogist: 31: 425-436 .
Liferovich, R.P., Mitchell, R.H. (2004) Geikielite–ecandrewsite solid solutions: synthesis and crystal structures of the Mg1–xZnxTiO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) series. Acta Crystallographica: B60: 496-501.
Mitchell, R.H., Liferovich, R.P. (2004) Ecandrewsite - zincian pyrophanite from lujavrite, Pilansberg alkaline complex, South Africa. Canadian Mineralogist: 42: 1169-1178.
Mitchell, R.H., Liferovich, R.P. (2004) The pyrophanite-ecandrewsite solid-solution: crystal structures of the Mn1-xZnxTiO3 series (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.8). Canadian Mineralogist: 42: 1871-1880.

Internet Links for EcandrewsiteHide

Localities for EcandrewsiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia (TL)
 
  • New South Wales
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
        • Little Broken Hill
Min Mag 52 (1988), 237; American Mineralogist (1989) 74, 501
Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney.
Austria
 
  • Lower Austria
    • Amstetten District
      • Neustadtl an der Donau
Brandstätter, F. (2001): 1271. Ecandrewsit vom ehemaligen Silberbergbau 'Silberlucken' bei Neustadl a.d. Donau, Niederösterreich. Pp. 171-172 in Niedermayr, G. et al.: Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich L. Carinthia II, 191./111., 141-185.
India
 
  • Madhya Pradesh
    • Betul Belt
Ghosh, B. & Praveen, M.N. (2007): Garnet-gahnite-staurolite relations and occurrence of ecandrewsite from the Koparpani base metal sulfide prospect, Betul Belt, Central India. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 184, 105-116.
Portugal
 
  • Guarda
    • Gouveia
      • Folgosinho
Alves, P., Leal Gomes, C., Lopes Nunes, J.E (2012) : Produtos de evolução de triplite-zwieselite, fluorapatite e isokite da mina Sítio do Castelo (Folgosinho, Guarda). II Congresso Jovens Investigadores em Geociências, LEG 2012.
Russia
 
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Belye Tundry Massif
Voloshin, A.V., Lyalina, L.M., Savchenko, Ye.E., Selivanova, E.A. [Волошин А.В., Лялина Л.М., Савченко Е.Э., Селиванова Е.А.] (2005): Intragranite rare-metal pegmatites of the alkaline granite formation of the Kola Peninsula. Quartz-zircon pseudomorphs [Внутригранитные редкометалльные пегматиты щелочногранитовой формации Кольского полуострова. Кварц-цирконовые псевдоморфозы]. Zapiski RMO [Записки РМО], 134, 4, 98-107; Lyalina, L.M., Selivanova, E.A., Savchenko, Ye.E., Zozulya, D.R., Kadyrova, G.I. (2014): Minerals of the gadolinite-(Y)–hingganite-(Y) series in the alkali granite pegmatites of the Kola Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits, 56, 675-684.
South Africa
 
  • North West
    • Bojanala Platinum District
MITCHELL, R.H. & LIFEROVICH, R.P. (2004) Ecandrewsite - zincian pyrophanite from lujavrite. Pilansber alkaline complex, South Africa. Canadian Mineralogist), 42, 1169-1178.
Mitchell, R.H. and Liferovich, R.P. 2004. Ecandrewsite - zincian pyrophanite from lujavrite, Pilansberg (sic) Alkaline Complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist 42, 1169-1178.
Spain
 
  • Murcia
    • Sierra de Cartagena
      • La Unión
        • Sancti Spiritu
Birch, W.D., Burke, E.A.J., Wall, V.J. and Etheridge, M.A. (1988). Ecandrewsite, the zinc analogue of ilmenite,
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