Epsomite
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Formula:
MgSO4 · 7H2O
Colour:
White, grey, colourless, or pink, greenish; colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Silky, Earthy
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
1.675 - 1.679
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1806 by Jean-Claude Delamétherie for the type locality at Epsom, Surrey, England.
Type Locality:
Epsomite Group; Epsomite-Morenosite Series; Epsomite-Goslarite Series.
A complete series exists to Morenosite and to Goslarite.
Usually found as crusts, delicate efflorescences, or botryoidal masses of tiny fibrous to acicular crystals, its color is white but it is often stained a variety of pale hues by impurities.
Epsomite is likely to occur in the Martian soils and on the satellites of Jupiter.
A complete series exists to Morenosite and to Goslarite.
Usually found as crusts, delicate efflorescences, or botryoidal masses of tiny fibrous to acicular crystals, its color is white but it is often stained a variety of pale hues by impurities.
Epsomite is likely to occur in the Martian soils and on the satellites of Jupiter.
Classification of Epsomite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
6/C.07-10
7.CB.40
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 7th ed.:
29.6.11.1
29.6.11.1
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
25.3.6
25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
Pronounciation of Epsomite
Pronounciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon & Katya Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Epsomite
Vitreous, Silky, Earthy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
White, grey, colourless, or pink, greenish; colourless in transmitted light.
Comment:
Pink = cobaltoan; greenish = nickelian.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Fragile
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {010}, distinct on {101}.
Perfect on {010}, distinct on {101}.
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Translation gliding:
T{110}, t[1_10] ?; T{100}, t[0_10] ?; T{011}, t[011] ?; T{101}, t[_101] ?.
Density:
1.675 - 1.679 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.678 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Measured on artificial material.
Optical Data of Epsomite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.433 nβ = 1.455 nγ = 1.461
2V:
Measured: 52° , Calculated: 54°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.028

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Chemical Properties of Epsomite
Formula:
MgSO4 · 7H2O
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Ni,Fe,Co,Mn,Zn
Crystallography of Epsomite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
2 2 2 - Disphenoidal
Space Group:
P21 21 21
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.86 Å, b = 11.99 Å, c = 6.858 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.989 : 1 : 0.572
Unit Cell V:
975.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals rare, usually as fibrous to acicular crusts, fibers elongated [001]; may be in botryoidal masses or stalactic; wooly efflorescences. Artificial crystals short prismatic [001] to equant.
Twinning:
On {110}, rare.
Crystallographic forms of Epsomite
Crystal Atlas:
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Epitaxial Relationships of Epsomite
Epitaxial Minerals:
Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
Epitaxy Comments:
Oriented overgrowths with zinc (Goslarite) and nickel (Morenosite) analogues. Also on Muscovite with Epsomite {100} or {110} parallel Muscovite {001} and Epsomite [001] parallel to Muscovite [120], [310], [150], [1_20], [3_10], [1_50].
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
5.98 | (30) |
5.34 | (30) |
5.31 | (20) |
4.22 | (100) |
4.20 | (80) |
2.88 | (20) |
2.67 | (20) |
2.66 | (30) |
Type Occurrence of Epsomite
Synonyms of Epsomite
Other Language Names for Epsomite
Catalan:Epsomita
Dutch:Epsomiet
French:Sel d'Epsom
Hebrew:אפסומיט
Italian:Epsomite
Japanese:エプソマイト
Latin:Epsomensis
Magnesia vitriolata
Sal amarus
Sal Anglicanum
Sal Anglicus
Sal Catartica
Sal catharticum
Sal nativum catharticum
Sal neutrum acidulare
Magnesia vitriolata
Sal amarus
Sal Anglicanum
Sal Anglicus
Sal Catartica
Sal catharticum
Sal nativum catharticum
Sal neutrum acidulare
Polish:Epsomit
Portuguese:Epsomite
Russian:Эпсомит
Spanish:Epsomita
Epsonita
Reichardtita
Epsonita
Reichardtita
Ukrainian:Епсоміт
Varieties of Epsomite
Aromite (of Darapsky) | A variety of Epsomite, may be a mixture of Epsomite and Pickeringite. Originally described from Pampa de Aroma, Negreiros, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile. |
Cobaltoan Epsomite | A variety of Epsomite containing up to 2.5 wt.% CoO. |
Cuprian Zincian Epsomite | A variety of Epsomite containing copper and Zinc |
Ferroan Epsomite | An iron-bearing variety of epsomite |
Manganoan Epsomite | A manganoan epsomite. Originally described from Špania Dolina (Urvölgy; Herrengrund), Špania Dolina ore belt, Starohorské Mts, Banská Bystrica Region, Slovak Republic. See also Fauserite (of Strunz). |
Zincian Manganoan Epsomite |
Relationship of Epsomite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Hexahydrite | 6 photos of Epsomite associated with Hexahydrite on mindat.org. |
Glauberite | 3 photos of Epsomite associated with Glauberite on mindat.org. |
Sulphur | 2 photos of Epsomite associated with Sulphur on mindat.org. |
Ice | 1 photo of Epsomite associated with Ice on mindat.org. |
Aragonite | 1 photo of Epsomite associated with Aragonite on mindat.org. |
Natrojarosite | 1 photo of Epsomite associated with Natrojarosite on mindat.org. |
Cerussite | 1 photo of Epsomite associated with Cerussite on mindat.org. |
Anglesite | 1 photo of Epsomite associated with Anglesite on mindat.org. |
Baryte | 1 photo of Epsomite associated with Baryte on mindat.org. |
Pyrite | 1 photo of Epsomite associated with Pyrite on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
7.CB.05 | Dwornikite | (Ni,Fe)SO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
7.CB.05 | Gunningite | ZnSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
7.CB.05 | Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m |
7.CB.05 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe,Zn)SO4 · H2O | Tric. |
7.CB.05 | Szmikite | MnSO4 · H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.05 | Szomolnokite | FeSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
7.CB.05 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
7.CB.07 | Sanderite | MgSO4 · 2H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
7.CB.10 | Bonattite | CuSO4 · 3H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.15 | Aplowite | (Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m |
7.CB.15 | Boyleite | (Zn,Mg)SO4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.15 | Ilesite | (Mn,Zn,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m |
7.CB.15 | Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.15 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.15 | Drobecite | CdSO4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
7.CB.15 | Cranswickite | MgSO4 · 4H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
7.CB.20 | Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
7.CB.20 | Jôkokuite | MnSO4 · 5H2O | Tric. |
7.CB.20 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O | Tric. |
7.CB.20 | Siderotil | FeSO4 · 5H2O | Tric. |
7.CB.25 | Bianchite | (Zn,Fe)SO4 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
7.CB.25 | Chvaleticeite | (Mn,Mg)SO4 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
7.CB.25 | Ferrohexahydrite | FeSO4 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
7.CB.25 | Hexahydrite | MgSO4 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
7.CB.25 | Moorhouseite | (Co,Ni,Mn)SO4 · 6H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.25 | Nickelhexahydrite | (Ni,Mg,Fe)SO4 · 6H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.30 | Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O | Tet. 4 2 2 : P41 21 2 |
7.CB.35 | Bieberite | CoSO4 · 7H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
7.CB.35 | Boothite | CuSO4 · 7H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.35 | Mallardite | MnSO4 · 7H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
7.CB.35 | Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.35 | Zincmelanterite | (Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.35 | Alpersite | (Mg,Cu)[SO4] · 7H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.40 | Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
7.CB.40 | Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
7.CB.45 | Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O | Tric. 1 |
7.CB.45 | Meta-alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 12H2O | |
7.CB.50 | Aluminocoquimbite | FeAl(SO4)3 · 9H2O | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c |
7.CB.55 | Coquimbite | Fe2-xAlx(SO4)3 · 9H2O, x ~0.5 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1c |
7.CB.55 | Paracoquimbite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 9H2O | Trig. 3 : R3 |
7.CB.55 | Rhomboclase | (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
7.CB.60 | Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
7.CB.65 | Quenstedtite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
7.CB.70 | Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3·5H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
7.CB.75 | Lishizhenite | ZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
7.CB.75 | Römerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
7.CB.80 | Ransomite | CuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.85 | Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.85 | Bílinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.85 | Dietrichite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.85 | Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2 : P2 |
7.CB.85 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
7.CB.85 | Redingtonite | (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4·22H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.85 | Wupatkiite | (Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4·22H2O | Mon. |
7.CB.90 | Meridianiite | MgSO4 · 11H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
29.6.11.2 | Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
29.6.11.3 | Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
25.3.1 | Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m |
25.3.2 | Sanderite | MgSO4 · 2H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
25.3.3 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
25.3.4 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O | Tric. |
25.3.5 | Hexahydrite | MgSO4 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
25.3.7 | Caminite | Mg7(SO4)5(OH)4 · H2O | Tet. |
25.3.8 | Vanthoffite | Na6Mg(SO4)4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
25.3.9 | Blödite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m |
25.3.10 | Konyaite | Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
25.3.11 | Löweite | Na12Mg7(SO4)13 · 15H2O | Trig. |
25.3.12 | Uklonskovite | NaMg(SO4)F · 2H2O | Mon. |
25.3.13 | Langbeinite | K2Mg2(SO4)3 | Iso. 2 3 : P21 3 |
25.3.14 | Leonite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m |
25.3.15 | Picromerite | K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m |
25.3.16 | Efremovite | (NH4)2Mg2(SO4)3 | Iso. |
25.3.17 | Boussingaultite | (NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
25.3.18 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Other Information
Magnetism:
Diamagnetic
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Epsomite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Hermann (1721) De Sale nativo cathartico in fodinis Hungariae recens invento, Posonii (as Sal nativum catharticum).
Wallerius, J.G (1747) Mineralogia, eller Mineralriket. Stockholm: 184 (as Sal neutrum acidulare).
Wallerius, J.G (1747) Mineralogia, eller Mineralriket. Stockholm: 184 (as Sal Anglicanum).
Wallerius, J.G. (1753) French edition of “Mineralogia, eller Mineralriket.” 2 volumes, Paris: 1: 339 (as Sel d'Epsom).
Scopoli (1761) De Hydrarg. Idriense Tent., Venet (as Halotrichum).
Klaproth, M.H. (1802) Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper. vol. 3: 104 (as Halotrichum).
Brooke (1823) Annals of Philosophy, London: 22: 40.
Beudant, F.S. (1824) Traité élémentaire de Minéralogie, 8vo, Paris: 445.
Miller (1852): 546.
Rammelsberg (1854) Annalen der Physik, Halle, Leipzig: 91: 324.
Krause (1874) Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaften, Halle: 44: 554 (as Reichardtit).
Krause (1874) Archiv Pharm.: 5: 423 (as Reichardtit).
Krause (1875) Archiv Pharm.: 6: 41 (as Reichardtit).
Dufet (1878) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 1: 58.
Dufet (1880) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 3: 180.
Blasius (1885) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 10: 227.
Dufet (1889) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 12: 22.
Retgers (1889) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: 3: 534.
Brunlechner (1893) Jahrbuch Nat. Land.-Mus. Klagenfurt: 22: 192 (as Seelandite).
Borel (1895) Arch. sc. phys. nat. Genève: [3]: 34: 230.
Retgers (1895) Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Leipzig, Berlin: 16: 580.
Johnsen (1907) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Beil.-Bd.: 23: 315.
Groth, P. (1908) Chemische Krystallographie. Leipzig. 5 volumes: vol. 2: 401.
Lacroix, A. (1910) Minéralogie de la France et des ses colonies, Paris. 5 volumes: vol. 4: 212.
Tenne and Calderón (1910): 2: 235.
Gaudefroy (1913) Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences de Paris: 157: 61.
Eyermann (1914) cited in Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 54: 100.
Johnsen (1915) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 33, 289.
Merwin (1915) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 55: 113.
Zsivny (1915) Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Nat. Hungar.: 13: 577.
Goldschmidt, V. (1916) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 3: 151.
Jenkins (1918) American Journal of Science: 46: 638.
Walker (1921) University of Toronto Stud., Geol. Ser., no. 12: 43, 44.
Longchambon (1922) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 45: 238.
Mellor, J.W. (1923) A Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. 16 volumes, London: 4: 329.
Onorato (1925) Reale accademia nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, Att.: [6]: 2: 204.
Cardoso (1926) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 63: 19.
Westenbrink (1926) Proceedings of the Academy of Science Amsterdam: 29: 1223.
Hintze, Carl (1929) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1[3B]: 4346.
Mahl (1929) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Beil.-Bd.: 59: 273.
Shannon (1929) Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum: 74, Art. 13.
Kokta (1930) Příroda, Brno: 32: 381.
Porter (1930) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 75: 288.
Hey (1931) Mineralogical Magazine: 22: 510.
Barnes and Hunter (1932) Nature: 130: 96.
Royer (1932) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 194: 1088.
Vavrinecz (1932) Magyar Chem. Foly.: 38: 140.
Smythe (1933) The Vasculum, Newcastle-on-Tyne: 19: 12 (Min. Abs.: 5: 283).
Milton and Johnston (1938) Economic Geology: 33: 749.
Mélon (1944) Annales Société géologique de Belgique, Liége: 67: B56.
Hutton (1947) American Mineralogist: 32: 553.
Zirkl (1948) Min. Mitt.: 1: 185.
Meixner, H. (1950) Der Karinthin 11:242-252 (as Seelandite).
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 509-513.
Acta Crystallographica: 17: 1361-1369.
Gaines, Richard V., H. Catherine, W. Skinner, Eugene E. Foord, Brian Mason, Abraham Rosenzweig (1997) Dana's New Mineralogy: The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana: 612.
Fortes, A.D. (2005) From Surrey to the moons of Jupiter (via Mars): The Story of Epsomite. Axis: 1(9): 28 pp.
Internet Links for Epsomite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1393.html
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Localities for Epsomite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | |
| Gore, D.B., Nichols, G.T., Lehmann, C.E.R., Burgess, J.S., Baird, A.S.&, Creagh, D.C. (2000) An atlas of surficial salts of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica: composition, distribution and origin ANARE Report 143. 146 pp |
| Watanuki/ Torii/ Nishiyama/ Morikawa, 1979 |
Argentina | |
| C.E. Gordillo, E. Linares, R.O. Toubes, H. Winchell: Amer. Mineral. 51:1-13 (1966); American Mineralogist: 51: 1-13 |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 480, 609, 1014. |
Australia | |
| L. McClatchie, Base Metal Mineralisation at Mineral Hill, 1971. |
| Leverett, P., McKinnon, A. R., & Williams, P. A. (2005). Supergene geochemistry of the Endeavor ore body, Cobar, NSW, and relationships to other deposits in the Cobar basin. Regolith 2005–Ten Years of CRC LEME, 191-194. |
| Geosciences, Museums Victoria |
| Thienenkamp, M. (2004). Post-closure mine hydrology and its impact on underground tailings disposal at the Thalanga mine, Queensland, Australia. Mine water, 85-90. |
| [MinRec 19:480] |
Sielecki, R. (1988) The Mount Isa-Cloncurry mineral field. Mineralogical Record, Vol. 19, pg. 469-490. | |
| Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide, South Australia. |
| Pers. comm. M. Willoughby. D.McColl & T.Kelley 1985. Prismatic Epsomite Crystals from Lake Bumbunga, South Australia. Australian Gem & Treasure Hunter, July, 1985 |
| |
| Rob Fitzpatrick, Paul Shand, Mark Raven and Stuart McClure, 2010, Occurrence and environmental significance of sideronatrite and other mineral precipitates in Acid Sulfate Soils. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World |
| [MinRec 19:412] |
| |
| Bottrill & Baker Catalogue of Minerals of Tasmaniia |
| Mark Raven , Rob Fitzpatrick , Paul Shand and Stuart McClure, 2010, Minerals diagnostic of acid sulfate soils. Extended Abstracts – 21st Australian Clay Minerals Conference – Brisbane, August 2010 Rob Fitzpatrick, Paul Shand, Mark Raven and Stuart McClure, 2010, Occurrence and environmental significance of sideronatrite and other mineral precipitates in Acid Sulfate Soils. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World |
| D.A.Henry. 1988. Minerals from the Clunes Goldfield. Australian Mineralogist, Vol.3 April-June, 1988 pp 43-52 |
| |
| |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 2, pp 251, 1948 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p236 |
| Min Mag (1979) 43, 97-98 |
| Simpson, E.S., (1948) Minerals of Western Australia. Volume 1-3. Government Printer, Perth. |
Austria | |
| Götzinger, M. A. & Huber, P. (2009) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| H. Meixner: Der Karinthin 11:242-252 (1950) |
| G. Blass, G. Vorreiter, A. Pichler: Carinthia II 192./112.:245-254 (2002) |
| Meixner, H. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(3), 195-209. |
G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
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| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| Gerald Gesselbauer (2010) |
| Aufschluss 1972(SB), 15-20 |
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| Postl, W. & Bernhard, F. (2014): 1996) Alunogen und Pickeringit von einem Forstwegaufschluss im Tal der Schwarzen, Sulm, Gressenberg, Koralpe, Steiermark. P. 140 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2014): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIII. Carinthia II, 204./124., 65-146. |
| Postl, W. & Bernhard, F. (2011) |
| Sigmund 1912 |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993); Gerald Gesselbauer (06.2010) |
| Hackenberg 2003 |
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| Reiter, E. (2010): Copiapit aus Oberösterreich und Copiapó in Chile - eine mineralogisch-montanistische Betrachtung aus aktuellem Anlaß. OÖ. Geonachrichten 25, 25-28. |
Belgium | |
| Hatert, F., Deliens, M., Fransolet, A.-M. & van der Meersche, E. (2002): Les minéraux de Belgique. 2ème édition, Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles, Ed., 304 p. |
Bolivia | |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955) Las Especies Minerales de Bolivia. 180pp. (Banco Minero de Bolivia) |
| Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz) |
| Hyrsl, J. & A. Petrov (2006): Famous Mineral Localities: Llallagua, Bolivia. Mineralogical Record. 37: 117-162 |
Brazil | |
| Rocks & Min.: 63:43. |
Bulgaria | |
| Lips, ALW (2006) A review of non-ferrous mineral deposits in Europe - Finalised initial database BRGM/RP -54957 - FR |
Canada | |
Kohut, C. K., & Dudas, M. J. (1993). Evaporite mineralogy and trace-element content of salt-affected soils in Alberta. Canadian journal of soil science, 73(4), 399-409. | |
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| Reiner Mielke 2014 |
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| MinRec 23:4-47 |
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Chile | |
| Mineralogical Record: 9: 328.; Ericksen & Mrose (1970) American Mineralogist 55:1500-1517 |
| Kampf, A.R., Sciberras, M.J., Leverett, P., Williams, P.A., Malcherek, T., Schlüter, J., Welch, M.D., Dini, M., Molina Donoso, A.A. (2013): Paratacamite-(Mg), Cu3(Mg,Cu)Cl2(OH)6; a new substituted basic copper chloride mineral from Camerones, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine, 77, 3113-3124. |
| British Natural History Museum online catalogue 2007 |
| [var: Aromite (of Darapsky)] Heys Mineral Index 3rd ed. |
China | |
| Zhaolong Li, Wendou Xu, Yijie Xi, and Xinming Jiang (1981): Geology and Prospecting 17(6), 7-14 |
Zhaolong Li, Wendou Xu, Yijie Xi, and Xinming Jiang (1981): Geology and Prospecting 17(6), 7-14 | |
| Sun Da-peng, Li Bing-xiao, Ma Yua-hua, and Lin Qun-zhu (2002): Journal of Salt Lake Research 10(4), 1-12. |
| Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10; Zheng, M. P., Qi, W., & Yuan, H. R. (2005). Characteristics of salt lake boron deposits and magnesium borate deposits of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. In Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge (pp. 1123-1125). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. |
| Dongsheng Hu (1990): Scientia Geologica Sinica 3(7), 259-268; Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10 |
| Xiying Zhang, Haizhou Ma, Donglin Gao, Minggang Zhang, and Tao Wang (2007): Journal of Salt Lake Research 15(2), 12-20. |
Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10 | |
| Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10; Mily Wang, Yijie Wang, Chenglin Liu, and Yongzhi Chen (1993): Acta Geoscientica Sinica 15(1); Mianping Zheng and Xifang Liu (2010): Acta Geologica Sinica 84(11), 1585-1600 |
Shaoxiu Yang (1991): Journal of Lake Sciences 3(1), 1-10; Chuanyong Ye, Zhiming Wang, Shiqin Zhao, Weilin Hao, Xiaobin Lin, and Jun Han (2014): Acta Sedimentologica Sinica 32(1), 85-92 | |
| Xiyu Zheng and Shengsong Yu (1981): Scientia Geographica Sinica 1(1), 66-76 |
| Mianping Zheng and Xifang Liu (2010): Acta Geologica Sinica 84(11), 1585-1600 |
| Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.; Xiaohong Sun, Chenglin Liu, and Zhiqiang Xuan (2010): Mineral Deposits 29(4), 631-639 |
| Bingxiao Li (1992): Journal of Lake Sciences 4(1), 48-55 |
| Bingxiao Li (1992): Journal of Lake Sciences 4(1), 48-55 |
| Bingxiao Li (1992): Journal of Lake Sciences 4(1), 48-55; Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic mineral deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp. (in Chinese) |
Czech Republic | |
| Vtělenský J. (1959): Mineralogie oolitických železných rud z některých ložisek Barrandienu. Geotechnica, sv. 26, Nakladatelství ČSAV Praha. |
Vtělenský J. (1959): Mineralogie oolitických železných rud z některých ložisek Barrandienu. Geotechnica, sv. 26, Nakladatelství ČSAV Praha. | |
| Velebil, D.: Lokality axinitu v barrandienském proterozoiku vltavského údolí na jih od Prahy. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2000, roč. 8, s. 180-183. |
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512.; Zacek, V., Oplustil, S., Mayova, A. & Meyer, F. R. (1995): Die Mineralien von Kladno in Mittelböhmen, Tschechische Republik. Mineralien-Welt 6 (1), 13-30 (in German). | |
| Zemek, V.: Zlatodůl Roudný u Vlašimi. Pod Blaníkem, 5. samostatná příloha, 2001: Podblanické ekocentrum Českého svazu ochránců přírody a Muzeum okresu Benešov, 108 s. |
| Jirásek, J.: Thermal Changes of the Rocks in the Dump Pile of the Kateřina Colliery in Radvanice (Eastern Bohemia). Ostrava: VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, Institute of Geological Engineering - 541, 2001. 69 p. |
| Beran, P.: Mineralogie ložiska Cu (Ag, Au, Co) rud Tisová u Kraslic. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1997, roč. 4-5, s. 65-77. |
| Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65 |
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| Pauliš, P.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech II. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2003, s. 111-114. |
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Matýsek D., Jirásek J., Osovský M., Skupien P.. Minerals formed by the weathering of sulfides in mines of the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin. Mineralogical Magazine, 2014, 78, 5, 1265-1286. | |
| Kruťa T. (1951) O nerostech z ostravsko-karvinského revíru. Přírodovědecký sborník Ostravského kraje, 12, 4, 451-486. |
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| Petr Pauliš |
Egypt | |
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France | |
| R. Pierrot, P. Picot, J.J. Périchaud : "Inventaire Minéralogique du Cantal", BRGM and Editions G. de Bussac, 1971 |
| C. Vialaron : La mine d'antimoine de Daü, 127p, Le-Puy-en-Velay (1999) |
| "Les minéraux, leurs gisements, leurs associations", P. Bariand, F. Cesbron et J. Geffroy (1977), Editions Minéraux et Fossiles, BRGM |
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| Naze-Nancy Masalehdani, M., Mees, F., Dubois, M., Coquinot, Y., Potdevin, J.-L., Fialin, M. & Blanc-Valleron, M.-M. (2009): Condensate minerals from a burning coal-waste heap in Avion, Northern France. Can. Mineral. 47, 573-591. |
| Berbain, C., Favreau, G. & Aymar, J. (2005): Mines et minéraux des Pyrénées-Orientales et des Corbières, Association Française de Microminéralogie Ed., 167-168. Lacroix, A. (1910): Minéralogie de la France et de ses colonies, Librairie Polytechnique, Ch. Béranger Editeur, Tome III, 111- IV, 173 . |
| Minéralogie de la mine des malines (Daniel Gol, Alain Martaud, Nicolas Meisser, Pascal Chollet) - Le regne minéral, H.S. XVI, pp 49-86. |
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| John A. Wood (1977). Mineralogic and petrologic study of the low-temperature minerals in carbonaceous chondrites. Final Report, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA.; Steven M. Richardson (1978). Vein formation in the C1 carbonaceous chondrites. Meteoritics, 13, #1, 141-159. (March 1978). |
Germany | |
| K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992 |
| Habel, M. (2011): Neufunde aus dem östlichen Bayerischen Wald (VIII). Mineralien Welt. 22 (1),80-87 |
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| Baumgärtl,U. (2006). Mineralien aus Bad Freienwalde. Aufschluss, Jg.57, Nr.6, S.359-72. |
| Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
| Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990 |
| No reference listed |
| XRD analysis, Roger Lang 2006 |
| Witzke, T. & Denk, M. (2011): Eine temporäre Mirabilit-Mineralisation bei Teutschenthal, Sachsen-Anhalt. Aufschluss 62, 353-360. |
| Gröbner, J., W. Hajek, R. Junker & J. Nikoleizig (2011). Neue Mineralienschätze des Harzes. S.71. Papierflieger-Verlag, Clausthal-Zellerfeld. |
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Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512; Naumann, Zirkel: "Elemente der Mineralogie", 13th Ed., 1898 | |
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512. | |
| Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001 |
| Andreas Gerstenberg collection |
| http://www.dergraul.de |
| T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64 |
T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64 | |
T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64 | |
| Richter, E. & Rüger, F. (2010): Der Diabas-Tagebau Loitsch in Thüringen und seine Mineralien. Lapis 35 (2), 13-22; 54. |
| Siemroth, J. (2008): Das Vorkommen von Boratmineralien im Werra-Anhydrit des Steinbruchs Kohnstein bei Niedersachswerfen am Südharz, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 59, 353-366 |
| Die Teufelslöcher bei Jena |
| F. Rüger, L. Senf & T. Witzke: Lapis 1995 (1), 15-26 |
| - Liebeskind, W., Lehrieder, E. (1992): Der Lehester Schieferbergbau, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 43, 139-153 |
Greece | |
| Econ Geol (1989)84:788-798 |
| No reference listed |
| No reference listed |
| No reference listed |
No reference listed | |
No reference listed | |
Branko Rieck Collection | |
| No reference listed |
Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) | |
Hanke, H. (1998): Laurion - ein Rückblick auf die Funde der letzten drei Jahre. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (2), 37-45. | |
Branko Rieck Collection | |
Hungary | |
| Lovász A., Szabó D. (2014): A pécs-vasasi égő széntelepeken képződő ásványok, TDK-dolgozat, kézirat, ELTE |
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| Sánoor Szakáll, Mária Foldvári, Gábor Papp, Péter Kovács-pálffy, Árpád Kovács (1997) Secondary Sulphate Minerals From Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-petrographica, Szeged, Xxxviii, Supplementum, 7-63. |
Sánoor Szakáll, Mária Foldvári, Gábor Papp, Péter Kovács-pálffy, Árpád Kovács (1997) Secondary Sulphate Minerals From Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-petrographica, Szeged, Xxxviii, Supplementum, 7-63. | |
Sánoor Szakáll, Mária Foldvári, Gábor Papp, Péter Kovács-pálffy, Árpád Kovács (1997) Secondary Sulphate Minerals From Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-petrographica, Szeged, Xxxviii, Supplementum, 7-63. | |
Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya, 2001; Sánoor Szakáll, Mária Foldvári, Gábor Papp, Péter Kovács-pálffy, Árpád Kovács (1997) Secondary Sulphate Minerals From Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-petrographica, Szeged, Xxxviii, Supplementum, 7-63. | |
| ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997 |
| ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997; Sánoor Szakáll, Mária Foldvári, Gábor Papp, Péter Kovács-pálffy, Árpád Kovács (1997) Secondary Sulphate Minerals From Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-petrographica, Szeged, Xxxviii, Supplementum, 7-63. |
| Farkas, I. M. & Weiszburg, T. G. (2009): Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 155, 57. (Abs.) |
http://www.geomania.hu/lelohely.php?lelohely=409 | |
| ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997; Sánoor Szakáll, Mária Foldvári, Gábor Papp, Péter Kovács-pálffy, Árpád Kovács (1997) Secondary Sulphate Minerals From Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-petrographica, Szeged, Xxxviii, Supplementum, 7-63. |
| ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997 |
Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995 | |
| Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei: Mineral Species of Hungary, 2006 |
| Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary, 1995 |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995 |
| Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005 |
Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005 | |
ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997 | |
Iceland | |
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India | |
| Equeenuddin, Sk.Md. (2015): Occurrence of alpersite at Malanjkhand copper mine, India. Environmental Earth Sciences: 73(7): 3849-3853 |
Italy | |
| American Mineralogist: (1927): 12: 14-19; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512. |
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| Corrado Ferrito find and collection |
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| Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005 |
Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005 | |
| [MinRec 15:29-30]; Menchetti, S., Batoni, M., Batacchi, C., Borselli, G., Brogi, A., Ceccantini, L., Fassina, B., Marchesini, M., Rossellini, A. & Ruggieri, G. (2015): Le Cetine di Cotorniano. Miniera e minerali. Associazione Micro-Mineralogica Italiana, Cremona, 354 p. |
Japan | |
| Okamoto collection (curated at the Geological Survey museum, Japan); Okamoto collection (curated at the Geological Survey museum, Japan) |
| Seki, Y., Hirano, T., & Watanabe, K. (1987). Salt crystallization decay and water-rock interaction of rock-cliff Budda sculptures at Yakushido Temple of Odaka Town, Fukushima, Japan. The Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists, 82(7), 269-279. |
Jordan | |
| Dill, H. G., Kus, J., Abed, A. M., Sachsenhofer, R. F., & Abul Khair, H. (2009). Diagenetic and epigenetic alteration of Cretaceous to Paleogene organic-rich sedimentary successions in northwestern Jordan, typical of the western margin of the Arabian Plate. GeoArabia, 14(2), 101-140. |
Kenya | |
| Bowell, R. J., Warren, A., & Redmond, I. (1996). Formation of cave salts and utilization by elephants in the Mount Elgon region, Kenya. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 113(1), 63-79. |
Mexico | |
| Panczner (1987): 77-395. |
| Yta, M., Mundo, N. F., Gutiérrez, C. D., Tovar, R. M., Almazán, A. D., & Mendoza, O. T. (2005). Mineralogy and geochemistry of sulfide-bearing tailings from silver mines in the Taxco, Mexico area to evaluate their potential environmental impact. Geofísica internacional, 44(1), 49-64. |
Yta, M., Mundo, N. F., Gutiérrez, C. D., Tovar, R. M., Almazán, A. D., & Mendoza, O. T. (2005). Mineralogy and geochemistry of sulfide-bearing tailings from silver mines in the Taxco, Mexico area to evaluate their potential environmental impact. Geofísica internacional, 44(1), 49-64. | |
| Panczner (1987): 189. |
Morocco | |
| S. Weiß: Lapis 31(7/8), 72-73 (2006) |
| No reference listed |
Netherlands | |
| T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007; T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007 |
| T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007 |
New Zealand | |
| Courtney, S.F., King, P. & Rodgers, K.A., (1990). A Check List of Minerals from the Tui Mine, Te Aroha, New Zealand. New Zealand Natural Sciences 17: 95-98. |
| Hauraki goldfield, Braithwaite, Cristie and Skinner. Mineral deposits of NZ, 1987 |
| Auton, G.A. (1997) Macraes Flat, Rockhunter magazine, 10:4, June 1997. |
Norway | |
| Pers. Com. G. Raade 18.04.1988 in Geologisk Museum. Interne notater 1961-1990. Published by Geologisk Museums Venner, Oslo 1991, p 136 |
| Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p109-110; Pers. Com. G. Raade 18.04.1988 in Geologisk Museum. Interne notater 1961-1990. Published by Geologisk Museums Venner, Oslo 1991, p 136 |
| Selbekk R.S. (2010): Norges mineraler. En revidert utgave av Norges mineraler (Neumann 1985). Tapir-NGU-NHM, p. 238 |
| Larsen, A.O.(1974): Sekundære mineraler fra Porsgrunn. NAGS-nytt 1(2),13+15 |
Peru | |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 437,515. |
Poland | |
| Damrat, M. (2011): Epsomite efflorescences on the surface of the Ediacaran Lausitz Greywackes in Włosień outcrop. Mineralogia Special Papers: 38: 84-85 |
| Siuda, R.: Wieściszowice. Otoczak, 2004, nr. 31, p. 58-65. |
| Stepisiewicz, M. (1983): Sideronatrite and copiapite from Turoszow, Lower Silesia. Archiwum Mineralogiczne 38, 35-44 (in Polish). |
| Coppola, V., Boni, M., Gilg, A., and Strzelska-Smakowska, B. (2009): Mineralium Deposita 44, 559-580. |
| Cabała, J., & Bzowska, G. (2008). Sulphate speleothems in Pomorzany Zn–Pb ore mine, southern Poland. Kras i speleologia, 12(21), 59-76. |
| Bril, H., Zainoun, K., Puziewicz, J., Courtin-Nomade, A., Vanaecker, M. & Bollinger, J.-C. (2008): Secondary phases from the alteration of a pile of zinc-smelting slag as indicators of environmental conditions: an example from Świętochłowice, Upper Silesia, Poland. Canadian Mineralogist 46, 1235-1248. |
| Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data (to be published soon) |
| Jirásek, J.: Solný důl Kłodawa (Polsko). Minerál, 2004, roč. 12, č. 2, s. 98-102. ISSN 1213-0710 (excerpted from unpublished thesis Hanczke, T.: Mineralogia i petrografia soli czechstyńskich kopalni "Kłodawa". Doktroská práce, Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Instytut nauk geologicznych, 1967.) |
Portugal | |
| Joana Ribeiro, Silvio R. Taffarel, Carlos H. Sampaio, Deolinda Flores, Luis F.O. Silva (2013): Mineral speciation and fate of some hazardous contaminants in coal waste pile from anthracite mining in Portugal. International Journal of Coal Geology, 109-110, 15-23. |
| Álvarez-Valero, A. M., Pérez-López, R., Matos, J., Capitán, M. A., Nieto, J. M., Sáez, R., ... & Caraballo, M. (2008). Potential environmental impact at São Domingos mining district (Iberian Pyrite Belt, SW Iberian Peninsula): evidence from a chemical and mineralogical characterization. Environmental Geology, 55(8), 1797-1809. |
Republic of Macedonia | |
| Volkov, A.V., Serafimovski, T., Kochneva, N.T., Tomson, I.N., and Tasev, G. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(3), 175-192.; Boevl, B., Bermanec, V., Serafimovski, T., Lepitkoval, S., & Mikulcic, S. (2001). Allchar Mineral Assemblage. Geologica Macedonica, Vol. 15-16, p. 1-23 (2001-2002) Suppl |
Romania | |
| B. Onac et al (2009, July) Mineralogical and Stable Isotope Investigations of Minerals from Caves on Cerna Valley (Romania). Mineralogy 1 2009 ICS Proceedings. In 15th International Congress of Speleology. pp318-323 |
| Onac, B. P. (2009): ACTA CARSOLOGICA 38/1, 27-39 |
| Romanian Journal of Mineral Deposits, 85:1-6 |
Russia | |
| Pekin, A. (2011) Minerals of Moscow. Russian Journal of General Chemistry. Jun2011, Vol. 81 Issue 6, p1381-1391. |
| Arkhipov, A. L., Ivanova, M. O., & Tishin, P. A. (2015). Zonality and Mineral Association of Modern Evaporates in the South-Minusinsk Basin by the Example of Taloe Lake and Ak-Kol Lake (Khakassia Republic). International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference: SGEM: Surveying Geology & mining Ecology Management, 1, 537. |
Arkhipov, A. L., Ivanova, M. O., & Tishin, P. A. (2015). Zonality and Mineral Association of Modern Evaporates in the South-Minusinsk Basin by the Example of Taloe Lake and Ak-Kol Lake (Khakassia Republic). International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference: SGEM: Surveying Geology & mining Ecology Management, 1, 537. | |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] |
[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180] | |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
| Blinov, I. A., Belogub, E. V., Novoselov, K. A., & Philippova, K. A. (2011). Antropogenic Supergenic Mineral of Verhne Arshinskoe Lead Zinc Deposit (Bashkortostan). Башкирский химический журнал, 18(4). |
| Cesnokov, B., Kotrly, M. and Nisanbajev, T. (1998): Brennende Abraumhalden und Aufschlüsse im Tscheljabinsker Kohlenbecken - eine reiche Mineralienküche. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (3), 54-63 (in German). |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow |
Slovakia | |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512. |
| Smithsonian Institution USNM NUMBER:R6128 |
Russ, A. (2017): Beim Wachstum beobachtet: Sulfatmineralien aus Banská Stiavnica, Slowakei. Lapis, 42 (1), 10-19 (in German). | |
| |
| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p |
| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p |
Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590 | |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k |
| Duda, Rejl, Slivka: "Mineralien", 1991 |
Russ, A. (2017): Beim Wachstum beobachtet: Sulfatmineralien aus Banská Stiavnica, Slowakei. Lapis, 42 (1), 10-19 (in German). | |
Koděra, M., Andrusovová-Vlčeková, G., Belešová, O., Briatková, D., Dávidová, Š., Fejdiová, V., Hurai, V., Chovan, M., Nelišerová, E., Ženiš, P. (1986-1990): Topografická mineralógia Slovenska. I-III. Veda, Bratislava, 1592 p. (in Slovak) | |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590 |
Števko M., Turecký L., Bálintová T., Sečkár P., 2011: Silbermineralien, Klebelsbergit und andere Neufunde aus Kremnica(Kremnitz), Slowakei. Lapis, 36, 7-8, 29-35. | |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590 |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590 |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590 |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k |
| Martin Stevko, unpublished |
Martin Stevko, unpublished | |
| Števko M., Peterec D., Turecký L., Kráčmar L. (2017): Prehľad zberateľsky atraktívnych minerálov z ložiska Rudňany. Minerál, 25, 1, 28-48 (in Slovak). |
Sottnik, P., & Rojkovic, I. (1998). Weathering of mine and technology waste in Slovinky and Rudnany area, Slovakia. In Acta Geologica Universitatis Comenianae. | |
| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p |
Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p | |
| Ďuďa,R., Kaličiaková,E., 1987: Mineralogicko – paragenetické pomery Hg ložiska Merník. Min.Slovaca, 19,5,423 – 442 |
Slovenia | |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512; Mineralogical Record: 22: 207. |
Peter Bancroft, Mirjan Žorž, Franc Krivograd, and Gregor Kobler (1991) Famous Mineral Localities: The Mežica Mine, Slovenia, Yugoslavia. Mineralogical Record 22(2), 97-104. | |
[MinRec 22:104] | |
South Africa | |
| Minerals of South Africa |
Spain | |
| Dr. César Salván analysis |
| [MinRec 27:284] |
| Romero, A., I. Gonzalez & E. Galan (2006): The role of efflorescent sulfates in the storage of trace elements in stream waters polluted by acid mine-drainage: the case of Pena del Hierro, southwestern Spain. Canadian Mineralogist 44, 1431-1446. |
| Vizcayno, C., Garcia-Gonzalez, M. T., Gutierrez, M., & Rodriguez, R. (1995). Mineralogical, chemical and morphological features of salt accumulations in the Flumen-Monegros district, NE Spain. Geoderma, 68(3), 193-210. |
| Fernando Gascón Collection |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512. |
| Onac, B.P., Fornós, J.J., Merino, A., Ginés, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. |
| Castro, A.M., Calvo, M., García, G. & Alonso, A. (2001). La mina de Reocin (Cantabria). Bocamina, 8, 112-67 |
| Dammer, Tietze: "Die nutzbaren Mineralien", 1914 |
Calvo, M. (2014). Minerales y Minas de España. Vol VI. Sulfatos (Seleniatos, Teluratos), Cromatos, Molibdatos y Wolframatos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas de Madrid. Fundación Gómez Pardo. 653 págs. | |
| Joan Rosell |
| |
| Calvo, M. (2014): Minerales y Minas de España. Vol. VI, Sulfatos (seleniatos, teluratos), cromatos, molibdatos y wolframatos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas de Madrid - Fundación Gómez Pardo. 653 pp |
| Sanabria, R. (2004). Sobre algunos yacimientos de Sulfato Sódico del sur de la Comunidad de Madrid, Las Minas del ConsueloRevista de minerales, 2(5),pp:4-10. |
| - González del Tánago, Ch. and González del Tánago, J. (2002). Minerales y minas de Madrid |
| Casanova Honrubia, Juan Miguel & Canseco Caballé, Manuel, 2002, Minerales de la Comunidad Valenciana : 237 p. Ed. Caja de Ahorros del Mediterráneo. Alicante |
Sweden | |
| No reference listed |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 153. |
| Philipp R. (1983): Die Kupfervererzung von Blaunca, Sils-Oberengadin. Bergknappe 26, 20-24. |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 153. |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 153. |
| Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer) |
| Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer) |
Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 153.; Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer) | |
| Graeser, et al. (2008) Faszination Lengenbach. KristalloGrafik-Verl., Achberg |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 153. |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 153. |
Tanzania | |
| John A. Wood (1977). Mineralogic and petrologic study of the low-temperature minerals in carbonaceous chondrites. Final Report, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA. |
Turkey | |
| Altay, T., Karakaya, M.Ç., and Murat, A. (2010): Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2010. |
Turkmenistan | |
| John K. Warren, Evaporites through time: Tectonic, climatic and eustatic controls in marine and nonmarine deposits, Earth-Science Reviews, Volume 98, Issues 3–4, February 2010, Pages 217-268, |
| World of Stones no.2, 1993.; Vladimir A. Maltsev (1993) Minerals of the Cupp-Coutunn Karst Cave System, Southeast Turkmenistan. World of Stone 2:5-30 |
UK | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1959 32 : 172-175. |
| Goley, P. and Williams R. (1995) Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Publications |
| GREEN, D.I., McCALLUM, D. and WOOD, M. (2000) Famous mineral localities: The Brownley Hill Mine, Alston Moor District, Cumbria, England. Mineralogical Record, 31, 231-250. |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512. |
| Ian Jones or national Museum of Wales collections |
Ukraine | |
| Dobrovolskaya T.I., Polkanov Y.A. The Paleovolcano Fiolent. Giude (2004) - Simferopol, 2004, 19 p. (in Russ.) Oleg V. Zinchenko at al. (2008).The mineralogy of seasonal sulfates in the cape Fiolent - Zapiski Ukrainskogo Mineralogichnogo Tovaristva (Proceeding Ukrainian Mineralogical Society), 2008, #5, p. 75-83 (in Ukr.) |
| Deyak M.A. Modern water-chemogenic formations of mud volcanoes of Kerch Peninsula. Dissertation to Scientific Candidate Degree in Geological Sciences in speciality 04.00.21 – lithology. –Department of marine geology and sedimentary ore formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. – Kyiv, 2010. |
| Tischenko Alexander |
| - Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914) - Zapiski Krymskogo obshchestva estestvoispytatelei (Proceeding of the Crimea Society of Naturalistes), 1914, vol. 4, p. 1-208 (Rus.) - Popov S.P. Mineralogy of the Crimea (1938). - M.-L., AN SSSR, 1938, 352 p. (Rus.) |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 453. |
| Gennady P. Vdovykin (1973). The Mighei Meteorite. Space Science Reviews 14, 832-879. |
USA | |
| Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120 |
Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120 | |
Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120 | |
| Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120 |
| Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120 |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 216. |
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.:69 | |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 216; Lindgren, W. (1905), The copper deposits of the Clifton-Morenci district, AZ, USGS PP 43; Guild, F.N. (1910), The Mineralogy of Arizona, The Chemical Publishing Co., Easton, PA; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 61. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 216; Gilluly, J. (1946), The Ajo mining district, Arizona, USGS PP 209: 89, 98; Thomas, W.J. & R.B. Gibbs (1983), Famous mineral localities: The New Cornelia mine, Ajo, AZ, Min.Rec.: 14: 283-298; Gilluly, J. (1937), AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 141: 68-75, 79-81. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 245. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 216; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 61. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 216, 251, 264; Anthony, J.W. & W.J. McLean (1976), Jurbanite, a new post-mining aluminum sulfate mineral from San Manuel, AZ, Am.Min.: 61: 1-4. |
| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10048353, MRDS ID #M899940. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 216. |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512; Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 3: 216; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512; Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geology and Science Bulletin: 3: 191-217; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. | |
| Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. |
| Ross, C.P. (1940a) Quicksilver deposits of the Mount Diablo region, Contra Costa County, California. USGS Bulletin 922-B, 54 pp.: 42; Pampeyan, Earl Haig (1963), Geology and mineral deposits of Mount Diablo, Contra Costa County, California: California Division Mines & Geol., Special Report 80, 31 pp.: 24; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| Murata, K.J. (1977) Occurrence of bloedite and related minerals in marine shale of Diablo and Tremblor Ranges, California. SGS Jour. Res.: 5: 638; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| Emory, Wm. Hemsley (1848), Notes of a military reconnaissance from Fort Leavenworth in Missouri to San Diego in California, including part of the Arkansas, Del Norte, and Gila Rivers: 30th. Congress, 1st. session, S. Ex. Doc. 7: 102; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. |
| Pemberton, H Earl " Minerals of California" Van Nostrand Reinholt Press |
| Morton, P.K. (1977) Mines and mineral resources of Imperial County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 7, 104 pp.: 77; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| Greene, Linda I. (1981), U.S. National Park Service, Historic Preservation Branch, Pacific Northwest/Western Team, Denver Service Center, Death Valley – Historic Resource Study – A History of Mining, Volume I (Parts 1 and 2): III.A.5.a)(5) |
| Morgan, V. and Erd, R.C. (1969) Minerals of the Kramer borate district, California California Division of Mines and Geology Mineral Information Service: 22(9&10): 152; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. |
| Rytuba, J.J., Hothem, R.L., May, J.T., Kim, C.S., Lawler, D., Goldstein, D., and Brussee, B.E. (2008): USGS Open-File Report 08-1382 |
| Everhart, Donald Lough (1946), Quicksilver deposits at the Sulphur Bank mine, Lake County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 136, 139; Rocks & Minerals (1947): 22: 615-616; Nichols, J.B. (1948) Minerals of Lake County, California. Mineralogist: 16: 192; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266, 276; www.mineralsocal.org. |
| Johnson, A.C. and Hanson, F.D. (1962) Mining and financing methods and costs, Abbot mine, COG Minerals Corp., Lake County, California. U.S. Bureau of Mines Information Circular 8109, 35 pp.; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County, California. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 3-4; Carnahan, V. (1967), Minerals of Los Angeles County, part 1, Catalina Island, Palos Verdes and Soledad Basin: Los Angeles County Natural History Museum Alliance Quarterly: 6(2): 28; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County, California. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 3-4; Carnahan, V. (1967), Minerals of Los Angeles County, part 1, Catalina Island, Palos Verdes and Soledad Basin: Los Angeles County Natural Hist. Museum Alliance Quarterly: 6(2): 28; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 266. | |
| www.mineralsocal.org |
| Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178.; Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County, California. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 3-4; Carnahan, V. (1967), Minerals of Los Angeles County, part 1, Catalina Island, Palos Verdes and Soledad Basin: Los Angeles County Natural History Museum Alliance Quarterly: 6(2): 28; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. |
Pelletier, 1962. Mineral Species & Localities of Marin County | |
| Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. |
| [MinRec 20:433] |
| Dana 6: 1096; Friedrich, James J. (1888), Stalactitic melanterite and other minerals from California: New York Academy of Science Transactions: 8: 22; Becker, George F. (1888b), Geology of the quicksilver deposits of the Pacific slope: USGS Monograph 13, atlas: 389; Eakle, Arthur Starr (1903a), Palacheite: University of California, Department of Geological Science Bulletin: 3: 231-236; Kramm, H.E. (1910), Serpentines of the central Coast Ranges of California: American Philosophical Society Proceedings: 49: 345; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| Fairbanks, Harold W. (1893a), Notes on the geology and mineralogy of portions of Tehama, Colusa, Lake, and Napa Counties: California Mining Bureau. Report 11: 66; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 111 (map 3-7), 266. |
| Ingalls, Walter Renton, ed. (1908) The Mineral Industry, Its Statistics, Technology and Trade during 1907, Vol. XVI, Hill Publishing Co., New York & London: 833. |
| Becker, George F. (1888), Geology of the quicksilver deposits of the Pacific slope: USGS Monograph 13, atlas: 306; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266. |
| www.mineralsocal.org |
| [MinRec 20:433] |
| [Mineralien Welt 1/93:44] |
| Jahns, Richard Henry (1951), The Epsom salts mine; Engineering & Science Monthly, April, 1951; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. |
| Hewett, Donnel Foster, et al (1936), Mineral resources of the region around Boulder Dam: USGS Bulletin 871, 323 pp.: 96; Jahns, Richard Henry (1951), The Epsom salts mine; Engr. & Sci. Monthly, April, 1951; Wright, L.A., et al (1953), Mines and mineral resources of San Bernardino County, California: California Journal of Mines and Geology: 49(1-2): 183, tabulated list of mines; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 62, 178; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 263, 266. |
USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10116356. | |
| Schlocker, J. (1974) Geology of the San Francisco North quadrangle. USGS Professional Paper 782, 109 pp.: 62; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. |
| Woodhouse, C.D. & R.M. Norris (1957a), A new occurrence of millerite American Mineralogist: 42: 113-115; Davis, Fenelon Francis and E.H. Bailey (1966) Mercury. California Division Mines and Geology Bulletin 191: 267. |
| Ford, Henry C. (1890), Solfataras in the vicinity of Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Mus. Nat. Hist., Bulletin 1(2): 53-56, October 1890: 55; Arnold, Ralph & Robert Anderson (1907), Metamorphism by combustion of the hydrocarbons in the oil-bearing shale of California: Journal of Geology: 15: 751-752; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 178. |
| Murata, K.J. (1977) Occurrence of bloedite and related minerals in marine shale of Diablo and Tremblor Ranges, California. USGS Jour. Res.: 5: 638; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267, 268. |
| Bailey, Edgar H. & Donald L. Everhart (1964), Geology and quicksilver deposits of the New Almaden district, Santa Clara County, California: USGS PP 360: 102; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 179. |
[MinRec 17:323] | |
| Gross, E.B., Chesterman, C.W., Dunning, G.E., and Cooper, J.F. (1967) Mineralogy of the Kalkar quarry, Santa Cruz, California. California Division Mines and Geol. Special Report 92: 3-10; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 138; Dunning, G.E. and Cooper, J.F. (1986): Mineralogy of the Kalkar Quarry, Santa Cruz, California. Mineralogical Record, 17(5), 315-326. |
| Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 267. |
| Goldsmith, E. (1877), On boussingaultite and other minerals from Sonoma County, California: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Proceedings: 28: 265; Allen, Eugene T. & Arthur L. Day (1927), Steam wells and other thermal activity at “The Geysers,” California: Carnegie Institute Washington Publication 378: 39, 45; Vonsen, Magnus (1941) Preliminary report on minerals of The Geysers of Sonoma County, California. Mineralogist: 9: 247, 267; Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at “The Geysers,” Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 290; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 492; Dunning, G. S. & Cooper, J. F. (1993): History and minerals of The Geysers Sonoma County, California. Mineralogical Record (1993): 24(5): 339-352. |
Goldsmith, E. (1877), On boussingaultite and other minerals from Sonoma County, California: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Proceedings: 28: 265; Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at “The Geysers,” Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 288; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 257. | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
| USGS OFR 1966-87 |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. |
| "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", pp. 13-14, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997 |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| The Oxidized Zinc Ores of Leadville Colorado, G. F. Loughlin, 1918 |
Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185 |
| Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185 |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
Zielinski, R. A., Otton, J. K., & Johnson, C. A. (2001). Sources of salinity near a coal mine spoil pile, north-central Colorado. Journal of environmental quality, 30(4), 1237-1248. | |
| Jeremy Zolan |
| Schooner, Richard. (1958): The Mineralogy of the Portland-East Hampton-Middletown-Haddam Area in Connecticut (With a few notes on Glastonbury and Marlborough). Published by Richard Schooner; Ralph Lieser of Pappy’s Beryl Shop, East Hampton; and Howard Pate of Fluorescent House, Branford, Connecticut. |
| Rocks & Min.: 64:197. |
| R&M 70:4 pp 242-263 |
Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated | |
| R&M 70:4 pp 242-263 |
| Mineralogical Record, v. 28, no. 1, 1997 |
Mineralogical Record (1997) 28:3-49 | |
| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp |
| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp |
Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp | |
| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp |
| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp |
| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp |
Anderson (1994) Kentucky Geol. Survey Ser. XI Spec. Pub 20 | |
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| Cerato, A.. 2003: Mineralogical Study of Davis Mine, Rowe, MA, Using X-Ray Diffraction Techniques |
| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson |
| A Field Trip to the Alabastine Gypsum Mine by Kreigh Tomaszewski, New Diggings (Newsletter of the Worcester Mineral Club), March 2009 |
| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson |
Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson | |
| Rocks & Min.: 58: 108. |
| Rocks & Min., March 1998. |
| R&M 73:2 pp 98-117 |
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Rocks and Minerals V.74 No.3 p.190,191 | |
| The Mineralogy of The Butte District, Montana; Guilbert and Zeihen 1964 |
| Robert Matthew Joeckel, K. D. Wally, S.A. Fischbein, P.R. Hanson (2007) Sulfate Mineral Paragenesis in Pennsylvanian Rocks and The Occurrence of Slavikite in Nebraska. REAT PLAINS RESEARCH 17:1 pages 17-33 (Spring 2007). |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
[Hewett, D (1931) Geology and Ore Depositsof the Goodsprings Quadrangle, Nevada; USGS PP 162] | |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| Mineral News (1990) 6:7 pp1-4 |
| Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University |
| Rocks & Minerals (2010) 85:512-524 |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| [MinRec 16:86] |
| [MinRec 16:66] |
| R. C. Peterson et al.: Am. Min.: 90 (2005), in press |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512. |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| Cook, D.K.: Recent work on the minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, NJ: Mineralogical Record:4:62-66 (1973); Dunn(1995):Pt5:633. |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512; Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996) |
| Rogers, B. W. (1991, August). General geology and development of lava tubes in New Mexico’s El Malpais National Monument. In Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology: Hilo, Hawaii (pp. 58-62). |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. | |
| Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; Henry L. Jicha, Jr. (1954) Paragenesis Of The Ores Of The Palomas (Hermosa) District, Southwestern New Mexico. NMBMG Circular 27. |
| Patrick Haynes collection |
| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996 |
| NY State Museum spec. no. 748.2 |
John H. Betts (2009) "The minerals of New York City", Rocks & Minerals, 84, 204-240. | |
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| Hammarstrom, Jane M. Seal II, Robert R., Meier, Allen L. and Jackson, John C. (2003) Weathering of Sulfidic Shale and Copper Mine Waste: Secondary Minerals and Metal Cycling in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee, and North Carolina, USA; Environmental Geology: 47. |
| Van King |
Ernest H. Carlson. Jerret Whitford. "Occurrence And Mineralogy Of Efflorescence In Late Devonian Black Shales, North-Central Ohio." 2002 GSA Meeting: Web: http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract_44706.htm | |
| http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract_44706.htm |
| Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR |
| Rocks & Min. vol. 72 (1997) |
www.brightok.net/~rockman/Images/OkIndex.htm. | |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. |
| Gold, D. P. (2006, October). Skytop: a Case History of Highway Construction Through a Sulfide Vein Deposit in Centre Country, Pennsylvania. In 2006 Philadelphia Annual Meeting. |
| Dana 6: 1069. |
| Gordon, 1922. Mineralogy of Pennsylvania |
Ref.: Gordon, S.G. (1922) "The Mineralogy of Pennsylvania," Special Publication No. 1, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia: p. 125. | |
Gordon, 1922. Mineralogy of Pennsylvania | |
| http://www.jonesgeo.com/codorus.htm |
| Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169. |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. |
| American Mineralogist (2000): 85: 1561.; Flohr, M.J.K., Dillenburg, R.G., and Plumlee, G.S. (1995): Characterization of secondary minerals formed as the result of weathering of the Anakeesta Formation, Alum Cave, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee: USGS Open File Report #95-477, 24 p. |
| [MinRec 21:233] |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah | |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 563. |
| North, Jerry (2010) Displays of Nature : History, Minerals & Crystals of Utah's Bingham Canyon Copper Mine. |
| Joe Marty (2015) Minerals of the Blue Lizard Mine and other Western Localities, NCMA Annual Symposium 2015 |
| No reference listed |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512. |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich | |
| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich | |
| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:157. |
| www.dnr.wa.gov/geology/okanogan.htm. |
| Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.87 |
Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.87 | |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512.; USGS Bull 717 |
| Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part I, Nonmetalic Minerals, Vol. 1; Marshall T. Huntting, 1956 |
| Rocks & Min. Vol. 73 (1998) |
| Cordua, W. (1998) Minerals of Wisconsin: Rocks and Minerals: 73 (6): 378 - 399 |
| Osterwald, F. W. and D. B. Osterwald (1952) Wyoming Mineral Resources. Wyoming Geological Survey Bulletin 45 |
Osterwald, F. W. and D. B. Osterwald (1952) Wyoming Mineral Resources. Wyoming Geological Survey Bulletin 45 | |
Osterwald, F. W. and D. B. Osterwald (1952) Wyoming Mineral Resources. Wyoming Geological Survey Bulletin 45 | |
Osterwald, F. W. and D. B. Osterwald (1952) Wyoming Mineral Resources. Wyoming Geological Survey Bulletin 45 | |
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 512.; Farrington, O. C. (1900) New mineral occurrences. Field Columbian Mus. Pub. 44, Geol,. Ser. l, (7),221-231 | |
Venezuela | |
| Urbani, F. (1996). Venezuelan Cave Minerals: A Review. Bol. Soc. Venezolana de Espeleología, No. 30 |
Franco Urbani (2009) Venezuelan Cave Minerals: Second Review. Mineralogy 1 2009 ICS Proceedings. In 15th International Congress of Speleology. p 345 | |
Europa | http://www.minrec.org/pdfs/Epsomite%20Article+Figs.pdf |
Mars | |
| Farrand, W.H., Johnson, J.R., Rice, M.S., Wang, A., Bell III, J.F. (2016): VNIR Multispectral Observations of Aqueous Alteration Materials by the Pancams on the Spirit and Opportunity Mars Exploration Rovers. American Mineralogist, in press |
Smallcleugh Mine, Nenthead, Alston Moor District, Cumbria, England, UK