Erlichmanite

2.EB.05a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.

Dana 8th ed.:

2.12.1.16

2 : SULFIDES
12 : A_mB_nX_p, with (m+n):p = 1:2

Hey's CIM Ref.:

3.12.57

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals

Physical Properties of Erlichmanite

Lustre:

Metallic

Diaphaneity (Transparency):

Opaque

Colour:

Gray

Hardness (Mohs):

4½ - 5½

Hardness (Vickers):

VHN₁₀₀=1730 - 1950 kg/mm²

Density:

8.28 g/cm³ (Measured) 9.59 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Chemical Properties of Erlichmanite

Formula:

OsS₂

Elements listed in formula:

Os, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Ir,Rh,Ru,Pd

Crystallography of Erlichmanite

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3 (2/m 3) - Diploidal

Space Group:

Pa3

Space Group Setting:

Pa3

Cell Parameters:

a = 5.6196(3) Å

Unit Cell Volume:

V 177.47 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Pyritohedral crystals, grains

Comment:

Synthetic

Occurrences of Erlichmanite

Type Occurrence of Erlichmanite

Type Locality:

MacIntosh Mine, Willow Creek (China Flat), Willow Creek District, Klamath Mts, Humboldt Co., California, USA

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Stanford University

Relationship of Erlichmanite to other Species

Series:

Forms a series with Laurite (see here)

Member of:

Pyrite Group

Other Members of Group:

Aurostibite	AuSb₂
Cattierite	CoS₂
Dzharkenite	FeSe₂
Fukuchilite	Cu₃FeS₈
Gaotaiite	Ir₃Te₈
Geversite	PtSb₂
Hauerite	MnS₂
Insizwaite	Pt(Bi,Sb)₂
Krut'aite	CuSe₂
Laurite	RuS₂
Penroseite	(Ni,Co,Cu)Se₂
Pyrite	FeS₂
Sperrylite	PtAs₂
Trogtalite	CoSe₂
Vaesite	NiS₂
Villamaninite	(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S₂

Common Associates:

2.EB.05a	Aurostibite	AuSb₂
2.EB.05b	Bambollaite	Cu(Se,Te)₂
2.EB.05a	Cattierite	CoS₂
2.EB.05a	Fukuchilite	Cu₃FeS₈
2.EB.05a	Geversite	PtSb₂
2.EB.05a	Hauerite	MnS₂
2.EB.05a	Insizwaite	Pt(Bi,Sb)₂
2.EB.05a	Krut'aite	CuSe₂
2.EB.05a	Laurite	RuS₂
2.EB.05a	Penroseite	(Ni,Co,Cu)Se₂
2.EB.05a	Pyrite	FeS₂
2.EB.05a	Sperrylite	PtAs₂
2.EB.05a	Trogtalite	CoSe₂
2.EB.05a	Vaesite	NiS₂
2.EB.05a	Villamaninite	(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S₂
2.EB.05a	Dzharkenite	FeSe₂
2.EB.05a	Gaotaiite	Ir₃Te₈
2.EB.10b	Alloclasite	Co_1-xFe_xAsS
2.EB.10d	Costibite	CoSbS
2.EB.10a	Ferroselite	FeSe₂
2.EB.10a	Frohbergite	FeTe₂
2.EB.10c	Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS
2.EB.10a	Kullerudite	NiSe₂
2.EB.10a	Marcasite	FeS₂
2.EB.10a	Mattagamite	CoTe₂
2.EB.10e	Paracostibite	CoSbS
2.EB.10e	Pararammelsbergite	NiAs₂
2.EB.10f	Oenite	CoSbAs
2.EB.15a	Anduoite	(Ru,Os)As₂
2.EB.15a	Clinosafflorite	CoAs₂
2.EB.15a	Löllingite	FeAs₂
2.EB.15a	Nisbite	NiSb₂
2.EB.15a	Omeiite	(Os,Ru)As₂
2.EB.15c	Paxite	CuAs₂
2.EB.15a	Rammelsbergite	NiAs₂
2.EB.15a	Safflorite	(Co,Ni,Fe)As₂
2.EB.15b	Seinäjokite	(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)₂
2.EB.20	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
2.EB.20	Gudmundite	FeSbS
2.EB.20	Osarsite	(Os,Ru)AsS
2.EB.20	Ruarsite	(Ru,Os)AsS
2.EB.25	Cobaltite	CoAsS
2.EB.25	Gersdorffite	NiAsS
2.EB.25	Hollingworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
2.EB.25	Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
2.EB.25	Jolliffeite	NiAsSe
2.EB.25	Krutovite	NiAs₂
2.EB.25	Maslovite	PtBiTe
2.EB.25	Michenerite	PdBiTe
2.EB.25	Padmaite	PdBiSe
2.EB.25	Platarsite	PtAsS
2.EB.25	Testibiopalladite	PdTe(Sb,Te)
2.EB.25	Tolovkite	IrSbS
2.EB.25	Ullmannite	NiSbS
2.EB.25	Willyamite	(Co,Ni)SbS
2.EB.25	Changchengite	IrBiS
2.EB.25	Mayingite	IrBiTe
2.EB.25	Hollingsworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
2.EB.25	Kalungaite	PdAsSe
2.EB.25	Milotaite	PdSbSe
2.EB.30	Urvantsevite	Pd(Bi,Pb)₂
2.EB.35	Rheniite	ReS₂

3.12.1	Seinäjokite	(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)₂
3.12.2	Laurite	RuS₂
3.12.3	Ruthenarsenite	(Ru,Ni)As
3.12.4	Anduoite	(Ru,Os)As₂
3.12.5	Ruarsite	(Ru,Os)AsS
3.12.6	Xingzhongite	(Pb,Cu,Fe)(Ir,Pt,Rh)₂S₄
3.12.7	Rhodplumsite	Rh₃Pb₂S₂
3.12.8	Cuprorhodsite	(Cu,Fe)Rh₂S₄
3.12.9	Konderite	Cu₃Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)₈S₁₆
3.12.10	Bowieite	(Rh,Ir,Pt)₂S₃
3.12.11	Cherepanovite	RhAs
3.12.12	Hollingworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
3.12.13	Vysotskite	(Pd,Ni)S
3.12.14	Vasilite	(Pd,Cu)₁₆(S,Te)₇
3.12.15	Palladseite	Pd₁₇Se₁₅
3.12.16	Oosterboschite	(Pd,Cu)₇Se₅
3.12.17	Telluropalladinite	Pd₉Te₄
3.12.18	Temagamite	Pd₃HgTe₃
3.12.19	Sopcheite	Ag₄Pd₃Te₄
3.12.20	Michenerite	PdBiTe
3.12.21	Kotulskite	Pd(Te,Bi)
3.12.22	Telargpalite	(Pd,Ag)₃(Te,Bi)
3.12.23	Merenskyite	(Pd,Pt)(Te,Bi)₂
3.12.24	Palladoarsenide	Pd₂As
3.12.25	Stillwaterite	Pd₈As₃
3.12.26	Atheneite	Pd₂As_0.75Hg_0.25
3.12.27	Majakite	PdNiAs
3.12.28	Palarstanide	Pd₅(Sn,As)₂
3.12.29	Arsenopalladinite	Pd₈(As,Sb)₃
3.12.30	Vincentite	Pd₃As
3.12.31	Palladobismutharsenide	Pd₂(As,Bi)
3.12.32	Stibiopalladinite	Pd₅Sb₂
3.12.33	Hexatestibiopanickelite	(Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te)
3.12.34	Sudburyite	(Pd,Ni)Sb
3.12.35	Testibiopalladite	PdTe(Sb,Te)
3.12.36	Borovskite	Pd₃SbTe₄
3.12.37	Isomertieite	Pd₁₁Sb₂As₂
3.12.38	Mertieite-I	Pd₁₁(Sb,As)₄
3.12.39	Mertieite-II	Pd₈(Sb,As)₃
3.12.40	Sobolevskite	Pd(Bi,Te)
3.12.41	Froodite	α-PdBi₂
3.12.42	Polarite	Pd(Bi,Pb)
3.12.43	Urvantsevite	Pd(Bi,Pb)₂
3.12.44	Cooperite	PtS
3.12.45	Braggite	(Pt,Pd,Ni)S
3.12.46	Kharaelakhite	(Cu,Pt,Pb,Fe,Ni)₉S₈
3.12.47	Malanite	Cu(Pt³⁺,Ir³⁺)₂S₄
3.12.48	Moncheite	(Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi)₂
3.12.49	Maslovite	PtBiTe
3.12.50	Sperrylite	PtAs₂
3.12.51	Platarsite	PtAsS
3.12.52	Geversite	PtSb₂
3.12.53	Daomanite	CuPtAsS₂
3.12.54	Genkinite	(Pt,Pd,Rh)₄Sb₃
3.12.55	Stumpflite	Pt(Sb,Bi)
3.12.56	Insizwaite	Pt(Bi,Sb)₂
3.12.58	Omeiite	(Os,Ru)As₂
3.12.59	Osarsite	(Os,Ru)AsS
3.12.60	Kashinite	(Ir,Rh)₂S₃
3.12.61	Inaglyite	Cu₃Pb(Ir,Pt)₈S₁₆
3.12.62	Cuproiridsite	(Cu,Fe)Ir₂S₄
3.12.63	Iridarsenite	(Ir,Ru)As₂
3.12.64	Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
3.12.65	Tolovkite	IrSbS

Other Names for Erlichmanite

Synonyms:

IMA1970-048

Name in Other Languages:

German:Erlichmanit

Russian:Эрликманит

Simplified Chinese:硫锇矿

Spanish:Erlichmanita

Traditional Chinese:硫鋨礦

Other Information

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Erlichmanite

Reference List:

Snetsinger, K.G. (1971b) Erlichmanite (OsS2), a new mineral. American Mineralogist: 56: 1501-1506.

Internet Links for Erlichmanite

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-1401.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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Localities for Erlichmanite

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

(TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.


Algeria
Tamanghasset Province ⓘ Acfer 217 meteorite	Schulze, H. (1998) Meteoritics & Planetary Science 33 (4, Supplement): A139. (July 1998)

Australia
New South Wales Kennedy Co. ⓘ Fifield	Webb, K. (2014). The age and tectonometallogenic setting of the Fifield “Alaskan-type” intrusive suite, Lachlan Orogen, NSW. NSW., Bachelor of Science (Honours), School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong.
ⓘ Owendale North Mine	5th International Platinum Symposium Bulletin of The Geological Society of Finland Number 61, Part 1,1989,1-64

Austria
Styria Leoben ⓘ Kraubath an der Mur	Min.& Pet. 73:247-277

Brazil
Bahia ⓘ Campo Formoso ultramafic complex	33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Diversity of Platinum group minerals (PGM) in chromitites from Brazil, preliminary results
Goiás ⓘ Niquelândia	33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Diversity of Platinum group minerals (PGM) in chromitites from Brazil, preliminary results
São Paulo ⓘ Monte Alegre do Sul	33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Diversity of Platinum group minerals (PGM) in chromitites from Brazil, preliminary results

Bulgaria
Blagoevgrad Oblast ⓘ Blagoevgrad deposit	Цинцов, З. (1998). Състав, разпространение и транспорт на минералите на елементите от групата на платината в алувиалните седименти на Благоевградския грабен. Сп. БГД, 59(2), 59-65.
Gotse Delchev Obshtina Rhodope Mts ⓘ Pletena (Pletene)	Bul. Acad. Sci. (1998)
Burgas Oblast (Bourgas Oblast) Kameno Obshtina ⓘ Konstantinovo (Novoseltsi)	Atanasov, A. V. (1990). Vasilite,(Pd, Cu) 16 (S, Te) 7, a new mineral species from Novoseltsi, Bulgaria. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 687-689.

Canada
British Columbia Similkameen Mining Division ⓘ Tulameen River	Nixon, G.T., Cabri, L.J., and Laflamme, J.H.G. (1990) Platinum-group-element mineralizaton in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist: 28, 503-535.
ⓘ Grasshopper Mt	Nixon, G. T., Cabri, L. J., & Laflamme, J. G. (1990). Platinum-group-element mineralization in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 503-535.
ⓘ Placer Deposits	Nixon, G. T., Cabri, L. J., & Laflamme, J. G. (1990). Platinum-group-element mineralization in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 503-535.
Québec Chaudière-Appalaches Les Appalaches RCM ⓘ Thetford Mines	http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2001NE/finalprogram/abstract_2302.htm.
ⓘ Hall chrome pit (Hall mine; Thetford quarry)	Pagé et al. (2001) GSA 2001 NE program abstracts
Yukon Watson Lake Mining District ⓘ Wolverine Creek	Fedortchouk, Y., LeBarge, W., Barkov, A.Y., Fedele, L. and Bodnar, R.J., 2010. Major- and trace-element composition of platinum group minerals and their inclusions from several Yukon placers. In: Yukon Exploration and Geology 2009, K.E. MacFarlane, L.H. Weston and L.R. Blackburn (eds.), Yukon Geological Survey, p. 185-196.
Whitehorse Mining District Kluane District ⓘ Florence Creek	BARKOV, A.Y. & MARTIN, R.F. (2008) Grains of Pt-Fe alloy and inclusions in Pt-Fe alloy from Florence Creek, Yukon, Canada: Evidence for mobility of Os in a Na-H2O-Cl-rich fluid. Canadian Mineralogist 46, 343-360.

China
Hebei Province Chengde Prefecture Chengde Co. Gaositai ⓘ Gaositai Cr-PGE deposit (Gao District; Gaotai village)	Zuxiang Yu (1995): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 15(1), 1-4
ⓘ Wulie river placers	Zuxiang Yu (1995): Acta Geologica Sinica 69(3), 215-220
Sichuan Province Panzhihua Prefecture Eastern District ⓘ Panzhihua Fe-V-Ti-(PGE) deposit
Miyi Co. ⓘ Xinjie Cu-Ni-(PGE) deposit
Tibet Autonomous Region Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture) Nêdong Co. (Naidong Co.; Zedang Co.) ⓘ Zedang ophiolite	Guo, G., Yang, J., Robinson, P.T., Liu, X., Xu, X., Xiong, F. (2016): Platinum-group Mineral (PGM) and Base-metal Sulphide (BMS) Inclusions in Chromitites of the Zedang Ophiolite, Southern Tibet, China and their Petrogenetic Significance. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition): 90: 900–912; http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=12863 (2016)
Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.) ⓘ Luobusha ophiolite ("Luobusa ophiolite")	Wenji Bai, Shufeng Tao, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Nicheng Shi and Guowu Li (2007): Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica 26(5), 418-428

Colombia
Cauca Department Mun. de Guapí ⓘ Río Pilpe	Min Mag (1997) 61:367-375
Chocó Department Mun. de Condoto ⓘ Alto Condoto intrusion	Stribrny, B., Wellmer, F.-W., Burgath, K.-P., Oberthür, T., Tarkian, M., and Pfeiffer, T. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 260-281.

Costa Rica
Guanacaste Province ⓘ Santa Elena ultramafic Nappe	Federica Zaccarini, Ronald J. Bakker, Giorgio Garuti, Thomas Aiglsperger, Oskar A. R. Thalhammer, Lolita Campos, Joaquin A. Proenza, John F. Lewis (2010) Platinum group minerals in chromitite bodies of the Santa Elena Nappe, Costa Rica: mineralogical characterization by electron microprobe and Raman–spectroscopy. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 62:161-171

Cuba
Holguín Province Mayarí-Baracoa Belt ⓘ Mayarí District	Gervilla, F., Proenza, J. A., Frei, R., González-Jiménez, J. M., Garrido, C. J., Melgarejo, J. C., ... & Lavaut, W. (2005). Distribution of platinum-group elements and Os isotopes in chromite ores from Mayarí-Baracoa Ophiolitic Belt (eastern Cuba). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 150(6), 589-607.

Cyprus
Nicosia District (Lefkoşa District; Lefkosia District) Troodos mountain range ⓘ Kokkinorotsos chromite mine (Chrome Mine)	Prichard, H. M. and Lord, R. A. (1990) 'Platinum and palladium in the Troodos ophiolite complex, Cyprus', Canadian Mineralogist, 28 (3), pp.607-617.

Ecuador
Esmeraldas Province ⓘ Santiago River placers	Weiser, T. and Schmidt-Thome, M. (1993) Platinum-group minerals from the Santiago river, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador. Canadian Mineralogist, 31, 61-73.

Ethiopia
Oromia Region (Oromiya Region) Gimbi ⓘ Yubdo District (Joubdo District; Youbdo District; Joubda District)	Econ Geol (1986) 81:1278-1285
Bir Bir River ⓘ Joubdo Stream	Cabri, L. J., Criddle, A. J., Laflamme, J. H. G., Bearne, G. S., & Harris, D. C. (1981). Mineralogical study of complex Pt-Fe nuggets from Ethiopia. Bulletin de Mineralogie, 104(4), 508-525.

Finland
Eastern Finland Region ⓘ Outokumpu Cu-Co-Zn-Ni-Ag-Au ore field	No reference listed
ⓘ Lapland Region	Törnroos Ragnar, Johanson Bo, Kojonen Kari, 1998. Alluvial nuggets of platinum group minerals and alloys from Finnish Lapland. Geological survey of Finland, Special Paper
Inari Ivalojoki ⓘ Palsinoja	Kari Kojonen (2012) PGE ore potential in the southwestern granulite belt of Northern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 207 pp 64-67
Lemmenjoki ⓘ Miessijoki River	33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Pt-Pd selenides from river placers, northern Finland; Kari Kojonen (2012) PGE ore potential in the southwestern granulite belt of Northern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 207 pp 64-67
ⓘ Sotajoki River	Kojonen, K., Tarkian, M., Heidrich, S. & Johanson, B. (2014) Placer Platinum-group Minerals from Sotajoki River, Inari, Finland. 12th International Platinum Symposium p259
Kemi ⓘ Elijärvi Cr Mine (Kemi)	Stanislav S. Gornostayev, Kauko V.O. Laajoki & Ossi Leinonen (2000) The platinum-group minerals in the Kemi chromite deposit, Finland: a case study of the Elijärvi ore body. In Abstract volume and Field trip Guidebook, 2nd annual GEODE-Fennoscandian shield field workshop on Palaeoproterozoic and Archean greenstone belts and VMS districts in the Fennoscandian Shield (Vol. 28).
Penikat complex Sompujärvi Reef ⓘ Kirakkajuppura PGE deposit	Barkov, A., Halkoaho, T., Roberts, A., Criddle, A., Martin, R., Papunen, H. (1999) New Pd-Pb and Pb-V oxides frm a bonanza-type PGE-rich, nearly BMS-free deposit in the Penikat layered complex, Finland. Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 1507-1524.
Sodankylä ⓘ Keivitsa intrusion	Gervilla, F., Kojonen, K. and Merkle, R.K.W., 2005. Platinum-group minerals in the Proterozoic Keivitsa mafic-ultramafic intrusion, Sodankylä, northern Finland. Extended Abstract, 10th International Platinum Symposium, Abstract volume
ⓘ Keivitsansarvi Ni-Cu-PGE deposit (Kevitsa)	mutanen Tapani 1997. Geology and ore petrology of Akanvaara nd Koitelainen mafic layered intrusions and the Keivitsa -satovaara layered complex, Northern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, bulletin 395. 233s.

Greece
Macedonia Department Kozáni Prefecture Kozáni and Grevena prefectures border area Vourinos Mt ophiolite complex Pontini and Chromion area ⓘ Xerolivado Mine	Kapsiotis, A., Grammatikopoulos, T. A., Zaccarini, F., Tsikouras, B., Garuti, G., & Hatzipanagiotou, K. (2006). Platinum-group mineral characterisation in concentrates from low-grade PGE chromitites from the Vourinos ophiolite complex, northern Greece. Applied Earth Science: Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy: Section B, 115(2), 49-57.
ⓘ Voidolakkos	Kapsiotis, A., Grammatikopoulos, T. A., Zaccarini, F., Tsikouras, B., Garuti, G., & Hatzipanagiotou, K. (2006). Platinum-group mineral characterisation in concentrates from low-grade PGE chromitites from the Vourinos ophiolite complex, northern Greece. Applied Earth Science: Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy: Section B, 115(2), 49-57.
Sterea Hellas Department Fthiótis Prefecture Lamia Othrys Mt ophiolite complex (Othris) Domokós ⓘ Aghio Stefanos prospect	Garuti, G., Zaccarini, F., and Economou-Eliopoulos, M. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 312-319.
ⓘ Metalion Mine	Garuti, G., Zaccarini, F., and Economou-Eliopoulos, M. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 312-319.
Eretria ⓘ Kastraki III Mine	Garuti, G., Zaccarini, F., and Economou-Eliopoulos, M. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 312-319.
ⓘ Tsagli-Mavro Mine	Garuti, G., Zaccarini, F., and Economou-Eliopoulos, M. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 312-319.

India
Karnataka Shimoga schist belt ⓘ Hanumalapur Complex	T. T. Alapieti, T. C. Devaraju, R. J. Kaukonen (2005) Sem-eds Study of the Platinum-group Minerals in the PGE mineralized Hanumalapura Segment of the Layeredmafic-ultramafic Complex of Channagiri, Davangere District, Karnataka. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, 65:745-752.

Indonesia
Kalimantan (Borneo) Kalimantan Selatan Province (South Kalimantan Province) ⓘ Tanah Laut (Pontijn)

Madagascar
Toamasina Province (Tamatave) Eastern Region (Atsinanana Region) Antanambao Manampotsy District ⓘ Manampotsy placers	Legendre, O., and Augé, T. (1992): Alluvial platinum-group minerals from the Manampotsy area, east Madagascar. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 39, 389-404
Vatomandry District Sahafary ⓘ Ambodibonara river	Augé, T. & Legendre, O. (1992): Pt-Fe nuggets from alluvial deposits in eastern Madagascar. Canadian Mineralogist 30, 983-1004

Mexico
Baja California Sur (BC Sur) Mun. de Mulegé ⓘ Vizcaíno Peninsula	Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems Annual report 2012 p. 124

Mongolia
Dzavhan Aimag (Zavkhan Aimag) Khan-Taishirin-Ula range ⓘ Naran massif	http://www.dmitrenkogg.narod.ru/Mongoliy.htm

New Caledonia
Northern Province Kaala-Gomen Commune ⓘ Tiébaghi	Cassian, P. (2007). New Caledonia Geology and Mining. In ニューカレドニアの投資環境調査 2007 年 (p. 58).
Koumac Commune Tiébaghi Massif ⓘ Tiébaghi Cr mine	Augé, T. (1988). Platinum-Group Minerals in the Tiébaghi (New-Caledonia) and Vourinos (Greece) Ophiolites. In Geo-Platinum 87 (pp. 405-405). Springer Netherlands.
Southern Province Mont-Dore Commune Ouen Island ⓘ Ouen Island ophiolite	33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in chromitite schlieren from the ouen island, new caledonia ophiolite
Pirogues River ⓘ Pirogues ophiolite	Jan Pasava (ed) Mineral Deposits: From Their Origin to Their Environmental Impacts pp89-92

Norway
Sør-Trøndelag Røros Feragen ⓘ Østhammeren (Osthammeren)	Nilson, L. P. (1990): Platinum-group mineral inclusions in chromitite from the Osthammeren ultramafic tectonite body, South Central Norway. Mineralogy and Petrology 42: 249-263

Oman
Al Buraymi Governorate Northern Oman Ophiolite ⓘ Wadi Hilti	Ahmed, A. H., & Arai, S. (2003). Platinum-group minerals in podiform chromitites of the Oman ophiolite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 41(3), 597-616.

Russia
Eastern-Siberian Region Sakha Republic (Saha Republic; Yakutia) Aldan Shield Aldan ⓘ Inagli Massif	Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Ryabinovskoe Cu-Au deposit	A.Ya. Kochetkov (2006) Mesozoic Gold-Bearing Ore-Magmatic Systems Of Central Aldan. Russian Geology and Geophysics 47:850-864
ⓘ Muscovitovyi area	Kochetkov A.Ya. (2006) Ore contents of alkaline massifs of Aldan shield: Ryabinovskoe copper-gold-porphyritic deposit,- Tikhookeanskaya Geologiya, v.25, N1, pp. 62-73 (in Russian)
Tuva Republic Sayan Mts Eastern Sayan ⓘ Kingash	Alexander V. Dedeev et al (2002) The PGE-Bearing Sulphide Ores of the Kingash Mafic-Ultramafic Differentiated Intrusion and Ore Processing Characteristics, East Sajan, Russia. 9th annual platinum symposium
Far-Eastern Region Chukotskii Autonomous Okrug Kolyma area Bol'shoi Anyui River Basin Baimka River Aluchinskii Massif (Aluchin horst) ⓘ Baimka placer deposit	Gornostayev, S.S., Crocket, J.H., Mochalov, A.G., and Lajoki, K.V.O. (1999) The platinum-group minerals of the Baimka placer deposits, Aluchin horst, Russian Far East. Canadian Mineralogist: 37: 1117-1129.
Kamchatka Oblast' Korf Gal'moenan ultrabasic massif ⓘ Ledyanoi Creek placer	Tolstykh N.D., Sidorov E.G., Kozlov A.P. (2004) Platinum-group minerals in lode and placier deposits associated with the Ural-Alaskan-type Gal'moenan complex, Koryak-Kamchatka Platinum Belt, Russia, - Canadian Mineralogist, v.42, p.2, pp. 619-630.
ⓘ Mount Filipp	Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144.
ⓘ Olkhovaya–1 River placer	Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E., & Kozlov, A. (2009). Platinum-group Minerals from the Olkhovaya–1 Placers Related to the Karaginsky Ophiolite Complex, Kamchatskiy Mys Peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47(5), 1057-1074.
Khabarovskiy Kray Ayan-Maya district Aldan shield ⓘ Chad Massif	Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Konder alkaline-ultrabasic massif (Konder placers; Konder mine; Kondyor)	Cabri, L.J., Laflamme, H.H. Giles, (1997), Platinum Group Minerals from the Konder Massif, Russian Far East, Min Rec. 28, 97-106
Primorskiy Kray Khanka lake ⓘ Zolotaya river placers	Shcheka G.G., Vrzhosek A.A., Lehmann B., Tolstykh N.D. (2004) Associations of platinum-group minerals from the Zolotaya gold placiers, Primorye, Russian Far East, - Canadian Mineralogist, v.42, pp. 583-599.
Northern Region Murmanskaja Oblast' Kola Peninsula ⓘ Fedorovo-Pansky massif (Pana layered complex)	Gabov, D. A. (2010). PGE and Au minerals from the low-sulfide ore of the Pana Tundra Pluton, Kola Peninsula. Geology of Ore Deposits, 52(7), 624-629.
ⓘ Pechengsky District	Chashchin, V. V., & Petrov, S. V. (2013). Low-sulfide PGE ore in the Volchetundra gabbro-anorthosite pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 55(5), 357-382.
ⓘ Volchetundra massif	Chashchin, V. V., & Petrov, S. V. (2013). Low-sulfide PGE ore in the Volchetundra gabbro-anorthosite pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 55(5), 357-382.
Urals Region Middle Urals Sverdlovskaya Oblast' Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk) ⓘ Kluchevskoy ophiolite complex	Zaccarini, F., Pushkarev, E., & Garuti, G. (2008). Platinum-group element mineralogy and geochemistry of chromitite of the Kluchevskoy ophiolite complex, central Urals (Russia). Ore Geology Reviews, 33(1), 20-30.
Kytlym ⓘ Kytlym complex (Kytlym massif)	Garuti, G., Pushkarev, E.V., and Zaccarini, F. (2002) Composition and paragenesis of Pt alloys from chromitites of the Uralian-Alaskan-type Kytlym and Uktus complexes, northern and central Urals, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 40: 1127-1146.
Nizhnii Tagil Solov'eva Mtn ⓘ Aleksandrov Log Pt deposit	Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
ⓘ Uktus complex	9th International platinum symposium Chromite-PGE mineralization in the Uktus Alaskan-Type Complex (Central Urals,); Garuti, G., Pushkarev, E.V., and Zaccarini, F. (2002) Composition and paragenesis of Pt alloys from chromitites of the Uralian-Alaskan-type Kytlym and Uktus complexes, northern and central Urals, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist: 40: 1127-1146.
Southern Urals Bashkortostan Republic (Bashkiria Republic) ⓘ Nurali complex	F. Zaccarini et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 42, pp. 545-562 (2004).
Western-Siberian Region Polar Urals Tyumenskaya Oblast' Rai-Iz (Raiz) ⓘ Centralnoye I deposit	Jan Pašava, Ilja Knésl, Anna Vymazalová, Ivan Vavřín, Ludmila Ivanovna Gurskaya, Leonid Ruslanovich Kolbantsev (2011) Geochemistry and mineralogy of platinum-group elements (PGE) in chromites from Centralnoye I, Polar Urals, Russia. Geoscience Frontiers 2:81-85
ⓘ Centralnoye II deposit	Jan Pašava, Ilja Knésl, Anna Vymazalová, Ivan Vavřín, Ludmila Ivanovna Gurskaya, Leonid Ruslanovich Kolbantsev (2011) Geochemistry and mineralogy of platinum-group elements (PGE) in chromites from Centralnoye I, Polar Urals, Russia. Geoscience Frontiers 2:81-85

Sierra Leone
Western Area Guma Water ⓘ Freetown layered complex	Econ Geol (1986) 81:1278-1285; Bowles, J.F.W. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 583-586.; John F.W. Bowles, Hazel M. Prichard and Peter C.Fisher (2002) Platinum-group minerals (PGM) in the Freetown Complex, Sierra Leone. 9th Platinum symposium

South Africa
Free State Province ⓘ Witwatersrand field	Minerals of South Africa
Limpopo Province Bushveld Complex ⓘ Maandagshoek farm	The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 1711-1734 (2005)
Mpumalanga Province Witwatersrand field ⓘ Evander Goldfield	http://www.unileoben.ac.at/~buero62/minpet/malitch/4IASMalitch.pdf
North West Province Bojanala Platinum District Western Bushveld Complex ⓘ Rustenburg (Rustenburg District)	Econ Geol (1989) 84:1651-1655
ⓘ Union Mine	Econ Geol (1989) 84:1651-1655

Spain
Andalusia Málaga Ojén ⓘ Ojén lherzolite massif	Mineralogy and Petrology: 56: 25-50.

Turkey
Aegean Region Muğla Province Muğla ophiolite ⓘ Chromitite occurrence	Uysal, I., Sadiklar, M. B., Tarkian, M., Karsli, O., & Aydin, F. (2005). Mineralogy and composition of the chromitites and their platinum-group minerals from Ortaca (Muğla-SW Turkey): evidence for ophiolitic chromitite genesis. Mineralogy and petrology, 83(3-4), 219-242.; Uysal, İ., Tarkian, M., Sadiklar, M. B., Zaccarini, F., Meisel, T., Garuti, G., & Heidrich, S. (2009). Petrology of Al-and Cr-rich ophiolitic chromitites from the Muğla, SW Turkey: implications from composition of chromite, solid inclusions of platinum-group mineral, silicate, and base-metal mineral, and Os-isotope geochemistry. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 158(5), 659-674.

USA
Alaska Bethel Borough ⓘ Goodnews Bay	www.cannonmicroprobe.com/Mineral_Specimens.htm
Salmon River - Red Mountain District ⓘ Clara Creek	Snetsinger, K.G. (1973): Chromian Aluminian Magnetite and Two Rhodium Alloys in a Platinum Nugget from Goodnews Bay, Alaska. American Mineralogist: 58: 189-194
ⓘ Platinum Creek	USGS Open-File Report 01-269
Wrangell-Petersburg Borough Ketchikan District ⓘ Continental; Chevelle; Cannery Creek Prospects	U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
ⓘ Jaguar Prospect	U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
ⓘ Lexus Prospect	U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
ⓘ Mount Burnett Zone Prospect	U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
ⓘ North Zone Prospect	U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
ⓘ West Cobra; East Cobra Prospects	U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
California Humboldt Co. Klamath Mts Willow Creek District Willow Creek (China Flat) ⓘ MacIntosh Mine (TL)	Dana's New Mineralogy; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 63.; Snetsinger, K.G. (1971b) Erlichmanite (OsS2), a new mineral. American Mineralogist: 56: 1501-1506.
Sacramento Co. Folsom District Folsom ⓘ American River	Sjoberg, J. and Gomes, J.M. (1980) Platinum-group minerals in California alluvial deposits. US Bureau of Mines, Reno Research Center, unpublished manuscript: 15, figure 1; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 64.
Montana Sweet Grass Co. Stillwater Complex ⓘ East Boulder project prospect (Frog Pond adit; Frog Pond audit; Jack Pine project; J-M Reef)	Bart Cannon analysis, Cannon Microprobe, #FP 51, January 11, 1995.
Pennsylvania Chester Co. State Line Chromite District ⓘ West Nottingham Township	Smith, II, R. C. and Barnes, J. H. (2011)

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