Ferro-edenite
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Formula:
{Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
The minerals in the edenite group is defined with A(Na+K+2Ca≥0,5 apfu) and C(Al+Fe3++2Ti)≤0,5 apfu and with (OH), F or Cl in the W position.
Ferro-edenite is defined with
A position: Na dominant
C position: Fe2+ dominant
W position: (OH) dominant
Ferro-edenite is defined with
A position: Na dominant
C position: Fe2+ dominant
W position: (OH) dominant
Colour:
black, dark green
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5 - 6
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
For its relationship to Edenite
Classification of Ferro-edenite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
8/F.10-100
9.DE.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
E : Inosilicates with 2-periodic double chains, Si4O11; Clinoamphiboles
16.22.4
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
22 : Aluminosilicates of Fe, Ca and alkalis
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
22 : Aluminosilicates of Fe, Ca and alkalis
Physical Properties of Ferro-edenite
Vitreous
Colour:
black, dark green
Streak:
white
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
on {110}
on {110}
Optical Data of Ferro-edenite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.710 nγ = 1.730
2V:
Measured: 20°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.020
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Chemical Properties of Ferro-edenite
Formula:
{Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2
The minerals in the edenite group is defined with A(Na+K+2Ca≥0,5 apfu) and C(Al+Fe3++2Ti)≤0,5 apfu and with (OH), F or Cl in the W position.
Ferro-edenite is defined with
A position: Na dominant
C position: Fe2+ dominant
W position: (OH) dominant
The minerals in the edenite group is defined with A(Na+K+2Ca≥0,5 apfu) and C(Al+Fe3++2Ti)≤0,5 apfu and with (OH), F or Cl in the W position.
Ferro-edenite is defined with
A position: Na dominant
C position: Fe2+ dominant
W position: (OH) dominant
IMA Formula:
NaCa2Fe2+5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Crystallography of Ferro-edenite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Type Occurrence of Ferro-edenite
Synonyms of Ferro-edenite
Other Language Names for Ferro-edenite
Russian:Ферроэденит
Relationship of Ferro-edenite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| Ferro-fluoro-edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)F2 | |
| Fluoro-edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
| Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(Cl,OH)2 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
| 9.DE.05 | Anthophyllite | ☐{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| 9.DE.05 | Cummingtonite | ☐{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Clino-holmquistite Root Name | ☐{Li2}{Z2+3Z3+2}(Si8O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Grunerite | ☐{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Manganocummingtonite | ☐{Mn2+2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Manganogrunerite | ☐{Mn2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Permanganogrunerite | ☐{Mn2+2}{Mn2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferro-fluoro-pedrizite | {Na}{Li2}{Fe2Al2Li}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.05 | Ferri-fluoro-leakeite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg2Fe3+2Li}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferri-tschermakite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-hornblende | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Ferro-tschermakite | ☐{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Joesmithite | {Pb}{Ca2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Be2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Magnesio-hornblende | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Tschermakite | ☐(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Cannilloite | Ca(Ca2)(Mg4Al)(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-cannilloite | {Ca}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al3Si5O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.10 | Parvo-manganotremolite | ☐{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Fluoro-tremolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.10 | Potassic-fluoro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-kaersutite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Ferro-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Kaersutite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3AlTi}(Al2Si6O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Sadanagaite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Si5Al3O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-edenite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-sadanagaite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.15 | Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-fluoro-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(Cl,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Fluoro-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Parvo-mangano-edenite | {Na}{CaMn2+}{Mg5}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-chloro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(Cl,OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-chloro-edenite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+5}(AlSi7O22)(Cl,OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite | {K}{Ca2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Potassic-ferro-pargasite | {K}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.15 | Chromio-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Mg4Cr3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Barroisite | ☐{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-barroisite | ☐(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-winchite | ☐[CaNa][Fe2+4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-barroisite | ☐(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-ferri-katophorite | Na(NaCa)(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-barroisite | ☐{CaNa}{Fe2+3Al2}(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-winchite | ☐{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferro-katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 | |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Mg3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Magnesiotaramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3AlFe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Richterite | {Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Winchite | ☐{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-richterite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Katophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-fluoro-richterite | {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Potassic-richterite | K[CaNa][Mg5]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-ghoseite | ☐[Mn2+Na][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Ferri-winchite | ☐[CaNa][Mg4(Fe3+,Al)]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.20 | Fluoro-taramite | {Na}{CaNa}{Mg3Al2}(Al2Si6O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Eckermannite | NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-eckermannite | NaNa2(Fe2+4Al)Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Glaucophane | ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-mangani-leakeite | [(Na,K)][Na2][Mg2Mn3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-ferri-eckermannite | [Na][Na2][Mn2+4(Fe3+)]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-riebeckite | ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-arfvedsonite | {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Riebeckite | ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangano-mangani-ungarettiite | NaNa2(Mn2+2Mn3+3)(Si8O22)O2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-nybøite | NaNa2[(Fe2+3,Mg)Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite | ◻{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Fe3+2](AlSi7O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-leakeite | [Na][Na2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite | Na(Na2)(Fe2+2Fe3+2Li)(Si8O22)(F)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Sodic-ferri-clinoferroholmquistite | Na0.5{Li2}{Fe2+3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [Na][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22](F,OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-ferri-leakeite | [K][Na2][Mg2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-nybøite | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7O22)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-dellaventuraite | {Na}{Na2}{MgMn3+2LiTi4+}Si8O22O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Mangani-obertiite | Na(Na2)(Mg3Mn3+Ti)(Si8O22)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite | [(K,Na)][Na2][Mg4Fe3+][Si8O22][(F,OH)2] | |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-pedrizite | [Na][Li2][Fe2+2Fe3+2Li]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite | [K][Na2][Mg4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Pedrizite | NaLi2(LiMg2Al2)(Si8O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-pedrizite | NaLi2(Fe2+2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Fluoro-leakeite | NaNa2(Mg2Al2Li)(Si8O22)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 9.DE.25 | Ferro-ferri-obertiite | NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
| 16.22.1 | Ferro-pargasite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Al}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 16.22.2 | Ferro-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 16.22.3 | Ferro-ferri-taramite | Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 | |
| 16.22.5 | Aluminokatophorite | {Na}{CaNa}{Fe2+4Al}[(AlSi7)O22](OH)2 | Mon. |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Ferro-edenite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Lalonde, A.E., Martin, R.F. (1983) The Baie-des-Moutons syenitic complex, La Tabatière, Québec II. The ferromagnesian minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist: 21: 81-91.
Leake, B.E. (1978) Nomenclature of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist: 16: 501-520.
Leake, B.E., Woolley, A.R., Arps, C.E.S., Birch, W.D., Gilbert, M.C., Grice, J.D., Hawthorne, F.C., Kato, A., Kisch, H.J., Krivovichev, V.G., Linthout, K., Laird, J., Mandarino, J.A., Maresch, W.V., Nickel, E.H., Rock, N.M.S., Schumacher, J.C., Smith, D.C., Stephenson, N.C.N., Ungaretti, L., Whittaker, E.J.W., Guo, Y. (1997) Nomenclature of amphiboles: Report of the subcommittee on amphiboles of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. The Canadian Mineralogist: 35: 219–246.
Hawthorne, F.C., Oberti, R. (2006) On the classification of amphiboles. The Canadian Mineralogist: 44: 1-21.
Hawthorne, F.C., Oberti, R., Harlow, G.E., Maresch, W.V., Martin, R.F., Schumacher, J.C., Welch, M.D. (2012) Nomenclature of the amphibole supergroup. American Mineralogist: 97: 2031-2048.
Internet Links for Ferro-edenite
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https://www.mindat.org/min-1472.html
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Localities for Ferro-edenite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Brazil | |
| www.minservice.com/store/scripts/catalog_available.asp |
| Monteiro, L.V.S., Xavier, R.P., de Carvalho, E.R., Hitzman, M.W., Johnson, C.A., de Souza Filho, C.R., and Torresi, I. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 129-159. |
Canada | |
| Martin, R F, Payette, C (1988) The Welsford Anorogenic Igneous Complex, southern New Brunswick: Rift-Related Acadian Magmatism. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File Issue: 1727 |
| Doucette, C., Pe-Piper, G. (1997) Digitial mapping of the Wentworth plutonic complex, Cobequid Highlans, Nova Scotia, and petrology of its felsic phases. 1997 AGS Abstracts, Atlantic Geology: 33(1): 56. |
| Platt & Mitchell (1982) |
| Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1992, 29(7): 1375-1388 |
| LALONDE, A.E., and MARTIN, R.F. (1983) The Baie-des-Moutons syenitic complex, La Tabatière, Québec II. The ferromagnesian minerals. Canadian Mineralogist, 21, 81-91. ; LALONDE,A.E. & MARTIN, R.F. (1983) The Baie-des-Moutons syenitic complex, La Tabatiere, Quebec II. The ferromagnesian minerals. Canadian Mineralogist 21, 81-91. |
China | |
| Lingdi Zhou, Deren Li, Zhenhua Zhao, and Yangchuan Wang (1989): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 9(3) |
| Yan Shuang, Xianwu Bi, Ruizhong Hu, Jiantang Peng, Changsheng Zhu, and Dahua Li (2009): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 29(3), 363-372; Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts (2011) Mineralogical Magazine p1867 |
| Yan Liu, Fengjun Nie, and Sihong Jiang (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 405-408 |
| Kuifeng Yang, Hongrui Fan, Fangfang Hu, Xianghui Li, Jianyong Liu, Yonggang Zhao, Shuang Liu, and Kaiyi Wang (2007): Acta Petrologica Sinica 23(5), 1018-1022 |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003): Mineral Deposits 22(4), 345-359 |
| Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003): Mineral Deposits 22(4), 345-359 |
| Yu, M., Feng, C. Y., Zhu, Y. F., Mao, J. W., Zhao, Y. M., & Li, D. X. (2016). Multistage amphiboles from the Galinge iron skarn deposit in Qiman Tagh, western China: evidence of igneous rocks replacement. Mineralogy and Petrology, 1-17. |
| Lingang Xu, Jingwen Mao, Fuquan Yang, Huishou He, Jianmin Zheng, Jianguo Li, Yongbiao Cai, Xiaoling Zha, and Jianjing Gao (2007): Mineral Deposits 26(4), 455-463 |
Czech Republic | |
| Kadlec T.: Nové minerály ve Vlastějovicích. Minerál, 2010, 18, 3, 216-220. |
France | |
| B. Azambre and P. Monchoux, Bull. Minéral. , 1988, 111, pp. 39-47. |
Greenland | |
| Marks,M., Vennemann, T., Siebel, W. & Markl, G.(2003): Quantification of Magmatic and Hydrothermal Processes in a Peralkaline Syenite-Alkali Granite Complex Based on Textures, Phase Equilibria, and Stable and Radiogenic Isotopes. Journal of Petrology. 44:1247-1280 |
| Parsons, I. (1979): The Klokken Gabbro—Syenite Complex, South Greenland: Cryptic Variation and Origin of Inversely Graded Layering. Journal of Petrology. 20, 653-694 |
| http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm |
| Stephenson, D. & Upton, B.J.G.(1982): Ferromagnesian silicates in a differentiated alkaline complex: Kûngnât Fjeld, South Greenland. Mineralogical Magazine. 46, 283-300 |
Japan | |
| MURAKAMI, Nobuhide (1964) Ferroedenite and Ferrorichterite in the Metasomatic Syenites from Utsugiono, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists, 51, 3, 77-87. |
| MURAKAMI Nobuhide ! MARUYAMA, Tokinori (1963) Ferropargasite and Ferroedenite in the Metasomatic Syenites from Shodo Islet, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists, 50, 5, 190-198. |
Madagascar | |
| Mukosi, Ndivhuwo Cecilia (2012): Petrogenesis of the Ambohiby Complex, Madagascar and the role of the Marion Hotspot Plume. Thesis (MSc)-Stellenbosch University, 2012 |
New Zealand | |
| Martin Stolworthy Collection |
| Collection of RJ Martin |
Norway | |
| Larsen,A.O.(1998): "Revisjon av nomenklatur for de sorte amfibolene fra Oslofeltets syenittpegmatitter". Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,9 (in norwegian) |
| Åsheim, A., Berge, S.A. & Larsen, A.O. (2008): Sporelementer i ænigmatitt fra larvik plutonkompleks. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 38: 63-65 | |
| RRUFF Project Specimen ID: R060044.2 |
| Larsen,A.O.(1998): "Revisjon av nomenklatur for de sorte amfibolene fra Oslofeltets syenittpegmatitter". Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,9 (in norwegian) | |
| Larsen,A.O.(1998): "Revisjon av nomenklatur for de sorte amfibolene fra Oslofeltets syenittpegmatitter". Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,9 (in norwegian) | |
| Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p; Larsen, A.O., Kolitsch, U., Gault, R.A. & Giester, G. (2010): Eirikite a new mineral species of the leifite group from the Langesundsfjord district, Norway. European Journal of Mineralogy. 22, 875–880 |
| Larsen, A.O.(1998): Revisjon av nomenklatur for de sorte amfibolene fra Oslofeltets syenittpegmatitter. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 14:9 (in norwegian) |
| Larsen,A.O.(1998): "Revisjon av nomenklatur for de sorte amfibolene fra Oslofeltets syenittpegmatitter". Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,9 (in norwegian) | |
| Larsen,A.O.(1998): "Revisjon av nomenklatur for de sorte amfibolene fra Oslofeltets syenittpegmatitter". Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,9 (in norwegian) |
| Larsen,A.O.(1998): "Revisjon av nomenklatur for de sorte amfibolene fra Oslofeltets syenittpegmatitter". Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14,9 (in norwegian) | |
Portugal | |
| http://www.minersoc.org/files/Applied_Mineralogist_AMG_bulletin_Volume1_Number3.pdf |
Russia | |
| Am. Min. 90:1402-1412 (2005) |
Slovenia | |
| Dobnikar, M., Fioretti, A.M., Bellieni, G. and Dolenec, T. (2002): Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2002, A188 | |
South Korea | |
| P.M. Kartashov data |
Spain | |
| Romero Silva JC (2003) Minerales y Rocas de la provincia de Malaga. 318 pp. Published by CEDMA Malaga County Council. Spain |
| B. Azambre et al. , Bull. Minéral; , 1987, 110, pp. 379-396. |
Sri Lanka | |
| Ikram Mineralogy; Burford M. Gunasekara, D.P., (2000) an unusual Olivine group Gemstone from Kolonne Area, Sri Lanka. Trade Name; Dunilite. Canadian Gemmologist, Vol.21, No.3, PP. 84-90.; Burford .M., Gunasekera ,D.P.,(2000) An unusual olivine group of gemstone from Kolonne, Sri Lanka.Trade name Dunilite. Canadian Gemmologist ,vol 21 no3 ,pp 84-90. |
UK | |
| Tindle.A.G Mineralds of Britian and Ireland |
Ukraine | |
| L. N. Kogarko, V. A. Konova, M. P. Orlova, A. R. Woolley (1995) Ukraine in Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World pp 49-58 |
USA | |
| Illig, Peter (2015) Amphibole Au -Cu Skarn and Massive Sulfide Replacement at the Peak Deposit,Eastern Interior,Alaska |
| Wiebe et al., Journal of Petrology 38:393-423 |
| American Mineralogist, Volume 88, pages 1955–1969, 2003 |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| J. Petrol. 33:1193-1218 (1992) |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) Rocks and Minerals, 83, #3. (from the "Old Bed" magnetite ore) |
| Marian Lupulescu (2008) Rocks and Minerals, 83, #3. |
| J.D. Price et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 435-451. |
| Speer, J.Alexander.,(1987) Evolution of magmatic AFM mineral assemblages in granitoid rocks :The hornblende+melt = biotite reaction in the Liberty Hill pluton, South Carolina :American Mineralogist,Vol. 72, pg. 863-878 ,1987 |
| Speer, J.Alexander.,(1987) Evolution of magmatic AFM mineral assemblages in granitoid rocks :The hornblende+melt = biotite reaction in the Liberty Hill pluton, South Carolina :American Mineralogist,Vol. 72, pg. 863-878 ,1987 | |
| Speer, J.Alexander.,(1987) Evolution of magmatic AFM mineral assemblages in granitoid rocks :The hornblende+melt = biotite reaction in the Liberty Hill pluton, South Carolina :American Mineralogist,Vol. 72, pg. 863-878 ,1987 | |
| American Mineralogist 76:218-229, (1991). |
Hendersons Quarry, Mt Ngongotaha, Rotorua, Bay of Plenty, North Island, New Zealand